Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.20914/2310-1202-2023-1-204-211
E. E. Bedenko, A. A. Beregovsky, S. V. Popov, O. V. Khabibrakhmanov
Raw fractions used in isomerization plants contain isopentane, which is the target product, and its presence in the feed as “ballast” occupies the useful volume of the reactor. To optimize the composition of processed raw materials, a number of enterprises have included a deisopentanizer column in the technological scheme. The paper evaluates the possibility of optimizing the technological regimes and design parameters of a deisopentanizer for a low-temperature isomerization unit that does not have a column in the technological scheme for extracting isopentane from the composition of the feedstock. The studies were carried out using the Honeywell UniSim Design modeling system. The properties of the fraction components were calculated using the Peng-Robinson method. Calculations were made for two types of raw materials containing 8.7÷19.7% wt. isopentane. The performed calculations established that in order to achieve almost complete recovery of isopentane in the feed stream from the hydrotreating section, the distillation column should contain 63 theoretical plates, and the minimum reflux ratio should be Rmin = 12.3. At the same time, the presence of normal pentane in the distillate of the column will not exceed 0.07% wt., and in the bottom product, the content of isopentane will also not exceed 0.07% wt. The operation of a distillation column is simulated, containing 80 plates (the efficiency of the contact device is 0.8), a feed plate is 33. The feedstock consumption is 62550 kg/h, the temperature is 40°C and the pressure is 294.2 kPa. The convergence of iterative processes by the Honeywell UniSim Design environment was obtained using active specifications: the content of isopentane in the cube is 0.0007wt. share and pentane in the distillate 0.0007wt. share. The obtained technological modes provide almost complete extraction of isopentane from the composition of the raw material, namely by 99.37÷99.7%, while for industrial conditions it is essential to implement the calculated temperature profile along the height of the column. The possibility of using a column with the same diameter in its exhaustive and strengthening parts is shown.
{"title":"Optimization of technological regimes of the deisopentanizer column for the preparation of the feed stream of the low-temperature isomerization unit PGI-DIG/280-NK","authors":"E. E. Bedenko, A. A. Beregovsky, S. V. Popov, O. V. Khabibrakhmanov","doi":"10.20914/2310-1202-2023-1-204-211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2023-1-204-211","url":null,"abstract":"Raw fractions used in isomerization plants contain isopentane, which is the target product, and its presence in the feed as “ballast” occupies the useful volume of the reactor. To optimize the composition of processed raw materials, a number of enterprises have included a deisopentanizer column in the technological scheme. The paper evaluates the possibility of optimizing the technological regimes and design parameters of a deisopentanizer for a low-temperature isomerization unit that does not have a column in the technological scheme for extracting isopentane from the composition of the feedstock. The studies were carried out using the Honeywell UniSim Design modeling system. The properties of the fraction components were calculated using the Peng-Robinson method. Calculations were made for two types of raw materials containing 8.7÷19.7% wt. isopentane. The performed calculations established that in order to achieve almost complete recovery of isopentane in the feed stream from the hydrotreating section, the distillation column should contain 63 theoretical plates, and the minimum reflux ratio should be Rmin = 12.3. At the same time, the presence of normal pentane in the distillate of the column will not exceed 0.07% wt., and in the bottom product, the content of isopentane will also not exceed 0.07% wt. The operation of a distillation column is simulated, containing 80 plates (the efficiency of the contact device is 0.8), a feed plate is 33. The feedstock consumption is 62550 kg/h, the temperature is 40°C and the pressure is 294.2 kPa. The convergence of iterative processes by the Honeywell UniSim Design environment was obtained using active specifications: the content of isopentane in the cube is 0.0007wt. share and pentane in the distillate 0.0007wt. share. The obtained technological modes provide almost complete extraction of isopentane from the composition of the raw material, namely by 99.37÷99.7%, while for industrial conditions it is essential to implement the calculated temperature profile along the height of the column. The possibility of using a column with the same diameter in its exhaustive and strengthening parts is shown.","PeriodicalId":31207,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Voronezskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Inzenernyh Tehnologij","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135081187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.20914/2310-1202-2022-4-173-177
A. A. Zhadyaev, S. V. Popov, O. V. Khabibrakhmanova, D. E. Balabashkina
The raw materials for the industrial production of moto- and air-alkylates are isobutane and butane-butylene fractions containing in their composition a component, n-butane, which is inert for the reaction of sulfuric acid alkylation of isobutane with olefins. In accordance with the Specifications TU 0272-024-00151638-99, the content of n-butane in the isobutane fraction, depending on the grade of the fraction, is 0.7÷20% wt. Its presence reduces the useful reaction volume of the alkylation reactor, and when separating the components of the alkylation reaction mass, it is necessary to use a distillation column (debutanizer). The possibility of including an additional column in the technological scheme for removing n-butane from the composition of the fraction (respectively, isobutane concentration) before it is fed into the alkylation reactor is being considered. This is of particular importance for factions with a brand below "High Brand". The study is conducted using the Honeywell UniSim Design software system. The Peng-Robinson method was used to calculate the properties of process stream components. The theoretically optimal design of the apparatus was calculated: when using a distillation column with a pressure in the apparatus of about 400 kPa to reduce the content of n-propane in the distillate (obtained isobutane fraction) to 0.001 mol. the share will require 48 theoretical plates, the accepted reflux ratio R = 8.9, the temperatures in the condenser and reboiler are 26.88 and 47.27 °C, respectively. A computational experiment has shown that in order to achieve the practical absence of n-butane in the obtained isobutane fraction (concentration of about 0.1% wt.), it is possible to use a distillation column with the following technological modes: the number of plates is 60, the feed plate is 15, the efficiency of contact devices is 0.8; the pressure in the column is about 400 kPa, the temperature in the condenser and reboiler is Тk=28.91÷29.05 ℃ and Тр=46.72÷47.25 ℃, respectively, reflux ratio R=20.41. This fraction also does not contain pentanes.
{"title":"Optimization of the content of isobutane in the feed stream of the plant for sulfuric acid alkylation of isobutane with olefins","authors":"A. A. Zhadyaev, S. V. Popov, O. V. Khabibrakhmanova, D. E. Balabashkina","doi":"10.20914/2310-1202-2022-4-173-177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2022-4-173-177","url":null,"abstract":"The raw materials for the industrial production of moto- and air-alkylates are isobutane and butane-butylene fractions containing in their composition a component, n-butane, which is inert for the reaction of sulfuric acid alkylation of isobutane with olefins. In accordance with the Specifications TU 0272-024-00151638-99, the content of n-butane in the isobutane fraction, depending on the grade of the fraction, is 0.7÷20% wt. Its presence reduces the useful reaction volume of the alkylation reactor, and when separating the components of the alkylation reaction mass, it is necessary to use a distillation column (debutanizer). The possibility of including an additional column in the technological scheme for removing n-butane from the composition of the fraction (respectively, isobutane concentration) before it is fed into the alkylation reactor is being considered. This is of particular importance for factions with a brand below \"High Brand\". The study is conducted using the Honeywell UniSim Design software system. The Peng-Robinson method was used to calculate the properties of process stream components. The theoretically optimal design of the apparatus was calculated: when using a distillation column with a pressure in the apparatus of about 400 kPa to reduce the content of n-propane in the distillate (obtained isobutane fraction) to 0.001 mol. the share will require 48 theoretical plates, the accepted reflux ratio R = 8.9, the temperatures in the condenser and reboiler are 26.88 and 47.27 °C, respectively. A computational experiment has shown that in order to achieve the practical absence of n-butane in the obtained isobutane fraction (concentration of about 0.1% wt.), it is possible to use a distillation column with the following technological modes: the number of plates is 60, the feed plate is 15, the efficiency of contact devices is 0.8; the pressure in the column is about 400 kPa, the temperature in the condenser and reboiler is Тk=28.91÷29.05 ℃ and Тр=46.72÷47.25 ℃, respectively, reflux ratio R=20.41. This fraction also does not contain pentanes.","PeriodicalId":31207,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Voronezskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Inzenernyh Tehnologij","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135081186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.20914/2310-1202-2023-1-71-78
E. I. Bykovskaya, A. E. Kovaleva, E. A. Pyanikova, I. A. Govyadova
The study presents a comparative analysis of the organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of five samples of whole-grain bread produced using various ferments based on hop cones. The quality assessment was carried out according to the following indicators: shape, surface, color, baking, porosity, promes, taste and smell, and then all samples were compared with the GOST readings and compared with each other. According to the results of the analysis of quality indicators, a prescription composition has been identified that has the most promising chemical and physical characteristics. All samples of whole-grain bread with the proposed ferments according to organoleptic parameters corresponded to the control sample developed according to the classical recipe and the requirements specified in GOST. According to physico-chemical parameters, all the studied samples also met the requirements of GOST. The use of whole-grain sourdough based on hop cones in the bread recipe had a positive effect on the organoleptic characteristics of the finished product. At the same time, the products acquired a color from golden to dark golden (a darker shade in sample No. 3 with the addition of licorice root to the starter), had a pleasant bread taste and smell characteristic of this product name. When assessing porosity, it was found that in all samples, except sample No. 3, a more developed structure is observed, but the indicator does not go beyond the requirements of regulatory documents. During the storage of whole grain bread samples after 72 hours, the moisture content of the crumb decreased in sample No. 1 by 1.5%, sample No. 2 – by 2.3%, sample No. 3 – by 3.1%, sample No. 4 – by 3.1%. According to this indicator, sample No. 3 did not meet the requirements of GOST. Samples of wholegrain bread No. 1, No. 2 and No. 4 according to the results of the conducted studies meet the requirements of regulatory documentation, but the best and recommended for implementation is sample No. 1.
{"title":"Analysis of the quality indicators of whole grain bread on hop ferments","authors":"E. I. Bykovskaya, A. E. Kovaleva, E. A. Pyanikova, I. A. Govyadova","doi":"10.20914/2310-1202-2023-1-71-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2023-1-71-78","url":null,"abstract":"The study presents a comparative analysis of the organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters of five samples of whole-grain bread produced using various ferments based on hop cones. The quality assessment was carried out according to the following indicators: shape, surface, color, baking, porosity, promes, taste and smell, and then all samples were compared with the GOST readings and compared with each other. According to the results of the analysis of quality indicators, a prescription composition has been identified that has the most promising chemical and physical characteristics. All samples of whole-grain bread with the proposed ferments according to organoleptic parameters corresponded to the control sample developed according to the classical recipe and the requirements specified in GOST. According to physico-chemical parameters, all the studied samples also met the requirements of GOST. The use of whole-grain sourdough based on hop cones in the bread recipe had a positive effect on the organoleptic characteristics of the finished product. At the same time, the products acquired a color from golden to dark golden (a darker shade in sample No. 3 with the addition of licorice root to the starter), had a pleasant bread taste and smell characteristic of this product name. When assessing porosity, it was found that in all samples, except sample No. 3, a more developed structure is observed, but the indicator does not go beyond the requirements of regulatory documents. During the storage of whole grain bread samples after 72 hours, the moisture content of the crumb decreased in sample No. 1 by 1.5%, sample No. 2 – by 2.3%, sample No. 3 – by 3.1%, sample No. 4 – by 3.1%. According to this indicator, sample No. 3 did not meet the requirements of GOST. Samples of wholegrain bread No. 1, No. 2 and No. 4 according to the results of the conducted studies meet the requirements of regulatory documentation, but the best and recommended for implementation is sample No. 1.","PeriodicalId":31207,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Voronezskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Inzenernyh Tehnologij","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135081188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.20914/2310-1202-2023-1-194-203
M. V. Voronov, S. V. Popov, O. V. Khabibrakhmanov, A. D. Yulin
Analysis of the component composition of the ethane-propane fraction obtained from the wide fraction of light hydrocarbons (NGL) at operating gas fractionation plants shows that due to the insufficiently clear separation of light hydrocarbons С1÷С3, a high propane content is observed in the ethane-propane fraction (EPF). SPE is used in the pyrolysis plant, where ethylene is obtained as the target intermediate, therefore, under industrial conditions, it is necessary to ensure the maximum possible extraction of propane from the SPE composition. In the technological scheme of operating plants, SME is obtained using a fractionating absorber or a distillation column. In both versions, the SME is taken from the top of the apparatus, and the bottom product containing C3+ hydrocarbons is fed for further fractionation. In order to analyze the operation of gas fractionation plants in the Honeywell UniSim Design software environment, a plant model was developed. A computational experiment using various industrial values of the hydrocarbon content in NGL showed that in order to achieve the maximum possible extraction of propane from the PSP, it is necessary to involve all the propane in the PSP obtained on the fractionating absorber (or distillation column) so that only the C4+ hydrocarbon fraction is in the bottom product of the apparatus for further separation. The ESP obtained in this way is sent to an additional distillation column, which provides a clear separation into ethane (distillate of the column) and propane (bottom product of the column) fractions, while in the obtained fractions concentration indicators are achieved that improve the corresponding indicators of standards according to TU 0272-022- 00151638-99. The calculated regime parameters and fractional compositions of technological flows of apparatuses are given, the modified scheme of the installation is described. The developed models can be used to optimize the operating modes of industrial devices and design new installations, as well as to train technologists in the methods of qualified process management.
{"title":"Study of possible options for technological schemes of gas fractionation plants for a wide fraction of light hydrocarbons","authors":"M. V. Voronov, S. V. Popov, O. V. Khabibrakhmanov, A. D. Yulin","doi":"10.20914/2310-1202-2023-1-194-203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2023-1-194-203","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of the component composition of the ethane-propane fraction obtained from the wide fraction of light hydrocarbons (NGL) at operating gas fractionation plants shows that due to the insufficiently clear separation of light hydrocarbons С1÷С3, a high propane content is observed in the ethane-propane fraction (EPF). SPE is used in the pyrolysis plant, where ethylene is obtained as the target intermediate, therefore, under industrial conditions, it is necessary to ensure the maximum possible extraction of propane from the SPE composition. In the technological scheme of operating plants, SME is obtained using a fractionating absorber or a distillation column. In both versions, the SME is taken from the top of the apparatus, and the bottom product containing C3+ hydrocarbons is fed for further fractionation. In order to analyze the operation of gas fractionation plants in the Honeywell UniSim Design software environment, a plant model was developed. A computational experiment using various industrial values of the hydrocarbon content in NGL showed that in order to achieve the maximum possible extraction of propane from the PSP, it is necessary to involve all the propane in the PSP obtained on the fractionating absorber (or distillation column) so that only the C4+ hydrocarbon fraction is in the bottom product of the apparatus for further separation. The ESP obtained in this way is sent to an additional distillation column, which provides a clear separation into ethane (distillate of the column) and propane (bottom product of the column) fractions, while in the obtained fractions concentration indicators are achieved that improve the corresponding indicators of standards according to TU 0272-022- 00151638-99. The calculated regime parameters and fractional compositions of technological flows of apparatuses are given, the modified scheme of the installation is described. The developed models can be used to optimize the operating modes of industrial devices and design new installations, as well as to train technologists in the methods of qualified process management.","PeriodicalId":31207,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Voronezskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Inzenernyh Tehnologij","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135081219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.20914/2310-1202-2022-3-368-379
D. A. Shageev, O. G. Markin
The author continues a series of publications in the subject area of the first generation modifications of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method for the effective project selection technique. The long term aim of the research is to develop this technique to the qualitatively new and universal states to be further transformed into methodology. The research results are presented. A new concept of “Supermarket” extends the criteria basis of the core in the technique providing a possibility to take into account conventionally unlimited number of any criteria in multilevel hierarchy. The first basic factor of the technique - AHPMS - is extended with a new classifier AHPMS(AM), so that Analytic Hierarchy combines with mathematical statistics methods on the basis of artificial measurements. The third basic factor of AHPDD scientifically new to the technique data is added where analytic hierarchy is combined with deterministic data. The second basic factor in FAHPMS form (AHP synthesis with the methods of fuzzy sets and mathematical statistics methods) has not been strongly extended yet. All the three basic factors in the form of the mentioned classifiers, that are AHP modifiers, use measurement standard of local and ultima analysi resultants of hierarchy priorities via a special formula to calculate matrix estimators. Taking into account this standard the technique was extended with “Statistics Supermarket” for the first and second factors. More than 70 criteria of mathematical statistics were included into the category to extend the possibilities of expert assessments and extend or replace conformity relations in AHP. New formulas to calculate RCSL (resulting compatibility solution level). Application area of the above research results is the development of the investment management and managerial decisions theory. In action the technique will make it possible for the concerned parties to assess and select effective projects for the development of economic and other actors at different economics and management levels.
{"title":"Development of the technique for selecting effective projects based on the modified AHP through the expansion of the criteria base and the apparatus of mathematical statistics","authors":"D. A. Shageev, O. G. Markin","doi":"10.20914/2310-1202-2022-3-368-379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2022-3-368-379","url":null,"abstract":"The author continues a series of publications in the subject area of the first generation modifications of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method for the effective project selection technique. The long term aim of the research is to develop this technique to the qualitatively new and universal states to be further transformed into methodology. The research results are presented. A new concept of “Supermarket” extends the criteria basis of the core in the technique providing a possibility to take into account conventionally unlimited number of any criteria in multilevel hierarchy. The first basic factor of the technique - AHPMS - is extended with a new classifier AHPMS(AM), so that Analytic Hierarchy combines with mathematical statistics methods on the basis of artificial measurements. The third basic factor of AHPDD scientifically new to the technique data is added where analytic hierarchy is combined with deterministic data. The second basic factor in FAHPMS form (AHP synthesis with the methods of fuzzy sets and mathematical statistics methods) has not been strongly extended yet. All the three basic factors in the form of the mentioned classifiers, that are AHP modifiers, use measurement standard of local and ultima analysi resultants of hierarchy priorities via a special formula to calculate matrix estimators. Taking into account this standard the technique was extended with “Statistics Supermarket” for the first and second factors. More than 70 criteria of mathematical statistics were included into the category to extend the possibilities of expert assessments and extend or replace conformity relations in AHP. New formulas to calculate RCSL (resulting compatibility solution level). Application area of the above research results is the development of the investment management and managerial decisions theory. In action the technique will make it possible for the concerned parties to assess and select effective projects for the development of economic and other actors at different economics and management levels.","PeriodicalId":31207,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Voronezskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Inzenernyh Tehnologij","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135081189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.20914/2310-1202-2023-1-187-193
N. V. Kotlayr, S. V. Popov, Z. V. Nikolaeva, O. V. Khabibrakhmanov
Propane de-asphalting units are used to "clean" tar from asphalt-resin and polycyclic aromatic components. The energy resources used in this case are quite large. To reduce energy consumption, the possibility of heat recovery of the technological flows of the installation and reduction of steam and water consumption during the regeneration of propane from a deasphaltisate solution is being considered. The research was carried out using the Honeywell UniSim Design software system, in which a model of a propane de-asphalting tar installation was developed. The Peng-Robinson method was used to calculate the thermodynamic properties of the fraction components. The analysis of the energy flows of the technological scheme showed that to increase the temperature of the deasphaltisate solution from 79.9 OC to 120 Oc for a tubular evaporator, it is required to bring an energy flow of 2.709e5 kJ/h. At the same time, the value of the heat flux of the target product (deasphaltisate) is 5,746e6 kJ / h, therefore, there is a possibility of heat recovery between the considered flows. An energy-saving technology for the regeneration of propane from a solution of deasphaltisate is proposed, in which the heat of the flow of the extracted deasphaltisate is used in a tubular evaporator instead of hot steam. The conducted computational experiment showed that the calculated reduction in the consumption of hot steam in the K-2 steam column reduces the energy consumption of the installation while maintaining the clarity of the separation of propane and the target product. The absence of a hydrocarbon fraction in the flow of regenerated propane makes it possible to recycle it to feed the extraction column. It is shown that it is possible to reduce water consumption in the K-5 mixing condenser. By reducing the steam consumption used in the K-2 steam column and lowering the water consumption in the K-5 condenser, the amount of water discharged into the sewer is reduced. The proposed technological scheme for the regeneration of propane from a deasphaltisate solution and the installation model can be used in the processes of one- and two-stage deasphaltization of tar for their calculation and design.
{"title":"Reducing energy costs at the tar deasphalting unit","authors":"N. V. Kotlayr, S. V. Popov, Z. V. Nikolaeva, O. V. Khabibrakhmanov","doi":"10.20914/2310-1202-2023-1-187-193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2023-1-187-193","url":null,"abstract":"Propane de-asphalting units are used to \"clean\" tar from asphalt-resin and polycyclic aromatic components. The energy resources used in this case are quite large. To reduce energy consumption, the possibility of heat recovery of the technological flows of the installation and reduction of steam and water consumption during the regeneration of propane from a deasphaltisate solution is being considered. The research was carried out using the Honeywell UniSim Design software system, in which a model of a propane de-asphalting tar installation was developed. The Peng-Robinson method was used to calculate the thermodynamic properties of the fraction components. The analysis of the energy flows of the technological scheme showed that to increase the temperature of the deasphaltisate solution from 79.9 OC to 120 Oc for a tubular evaporator, it is required to bring an energy flow of 2.709e5 kJ/h. At the same time, the value of the heat flux of the target product (deasphaltisate) is 5,746e6 kJ / h, therefore, there is a possibility of heat recovery between the considered flows. An energy-saving technology for the regeneration of propane from a solution of deasphaltisate is proposed, in which the heat of the flow of the extracted deasphaltisate is used in a tubular evaporator instead of hot steam. The conducted computational experiment showed that the calculated reduction in the consumption of hot steam in the K-2 steam column reduces the energy consumption of the installation while maintaining the clarity of the separation of propane and the target product. The absence of a hydrocarbon fraction in the flow of regenerated propane makes it possible to recycle it to feed the extraction column. It is shown that it is possible to reduce water consumption in the K-5 mixing condenser. By reducing the steam consumption used in the K-2 steam column and lowering the water consumption in the K-5 condenser, the amount of water discharged into the sewer is reduced. The proposed technological scheme for the regeneration of propane from a deasphaltisate solution and the installation model can be used in the processes of one- and two-stage deasphaltization of tar for their calculation and design.","PeriodicalId":31207,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Voronezskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Inzenernyh Tehnologij","volume":"173 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135081185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.20914/2310-1202-2022-3-361-367
I. E. Ustyugova, E. A. Belyaeva, A. A. Belimov
The state of any economic system is largely determined by the activities of the entities forming it. In this regard, the main characteristic of any economic entity operating in a market economy is the implementation of production activities. Production activities are carried out in various forms, industries, by individuals or legal entities. It can be defined as a set of actions of employees with the use of labor tools necessary to turn resources into finished products, including the production and processing of various types of raw materials, construction, and the provision of various types of services. The purpose of the production activity of the enterprise is the release of the product, its sale and profit. The production activity of an organization consists of production processes that consist of economic operations: procurement, direct production, financial and sales and organizational activities. For the implementation of the entire set of production processes and the implementation of production activities, a production system is formed at the enterprise, consisting of a set of interrelated and interdependent components, which are usually understood as various resources necessary for production and the result of production. The product as the purpose of creation and operation of the production system appears in the manufacturing process in different forms relative to its source material and readiness. The production of a product is a certain technology, according to which the transformation of costs into products is completed. Being the main process in any organization, production activity determines the economic efficiency of the enterprise. In this regard, it is relevant for any enterprise to evaluate the effectiveness and analysis of production activities. The management of production activities is the most complex and responsible area of management at manufacturing enterprises, since this area accounts for the bulk of the costs of the enterprise. At the same time, it is in this area that the basis for the life of the enterprise is being created. Therefore, the choice of the right directions and appropriate approaches to the assessment and analysis of the production activity of the enterprise is of particular importance
{"title":"Directions for improving the efficiency of enterprise management based on the analysis of the effectiveness of production activities","authors":"I. E. Ustyugova, E. A. Belyaeva, A. A. Belimov","doi":"10.20914/2310-1202-2022-3-361-367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2022-3-361-367","url":null,"abstract":"The state of any economic system is largely determined by the activities of the entities forming it. In this regard, the main characteristic of any economic entity operating in a market economy is the implementation of production activities. Production activities are carried out in various forms, industries, by individuals or legal entities. It can be defined as a set of actions of employees with the use of labor tools necessary to turn resources into finished products, including the production and processing of various types of raw materials, construction, and the provision of various types of services. The purpose of the production activity of the enterprise is the release of the product, its sale and profit. The production activity of an organization consists of production processes that consist of economic operations: procurement, direct production, financial and sales and organizational activities. For the implementation of the entire set of production processes and the implementation of production activities, a production system is formed at the enterprise, consisting of a set of interrelated and interdependent components, which are usually understood as various resources necessary for production and the result of production. The product as the purpose of creation and operation of the production system appears in the manufacturing process in different forms relative to its source material and readiness. The production of a product is a certain technology, according to which the transformation of costs into products is completed. Being the main process in any organization, production activity determines the economic efficiency of the enterprise. In this regard, it is relevant for any enterprise to evaluate the effectiveness and analysis of production activities. The management of production activities is the most complex and responsible area of management at manufacturing enterprises, since this area accounts for the bulk of the costs of the enterprise. At the same time, it is in this area that the basis for the life of the enterprise is being created. Therefore, the choice of the right directions and appropriate approaches to the assessment and analysis of the production activity of the enterprise is of particular importance","PeriodicalId":31207,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Voronezskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Inzenernyh Tehnologij","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135951895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-11DOI: 10.20914/2310-1202-2022-3-352-360
E. B. Danilkova, A. A. Torshina
The article deals with the economic essence of the innovative development of the region. The study analyzes approaches to managing innovative development at the regional level. Improving the investment climate in the region is impossible without assessing the territorial innovation opportunities, which is of particular relevance during the period of sanctions and import substitution. The authors in the article highlight the most influential indicators of innovative activity. Then, the dynamics of development of the selected indicators is assessed and, based on the data obtained, the author's development forecast for several years ahead is given. Without innovative development, it is impossible to create a favorable environment for human life and activities, as well as the development of entrepreneurship. The work carried out a systematic analysis of the innovative indicators of the region, identified their components and main factors influencing the regional innovative potential, as well as shaping its scale. After analyzing the dynamics of the development of the Voronezh region in the field of innovative development, we can conclude that the development trend is positive. According to statistics, it can be seen that 2020 undoubtedly had a negative impact on the innovative development of our country, as evidenced by many indicators. The costs of innovation activity are growing every year, which indicates that the government is stimulating innovation activity, which is currently gradually decreasing. The indicator of development of nanotechnologies, advanced technologies developed and the coefficient of inventive activity showed the largest decline among other analyzed indicators. However, the level of innovation activity in the Voronezh region is growing, so we believe that we can make a great contribution to the development of the future of our country.
{"title":"Analysis of the dynamics of innovative development of the Voronezh region","authors":"E. B. Danilkova, A. A. Torshina","doi":"10.20914/2310-1202-2022-3-352-360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2022-3-352-360","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the economic essence of the innovative development of the region. The study analyzes approaches to managing innovative development at the regional level. Improving the investment climate in the region is impossible without assessing the territorial innovation opportunities, which is of particular relevance during the period of sanctions and import substitution. The authors in the article highlight the most influential indicators of innovative activity. Then, the dynamics of development of the selected indicators is assessed and, based on the data obtained, the author's development forecast for several years ahead is given. Without innovative development, it is impossible to create a favorable environment for human life and activities, as well as the development of entrepreneurship. The work carried out a systematic analysis of the innovative indicators of the region, identified their components and main factors influencing the regional innovative potential, as well as shaping its scale. After analyzing the dynamics of the development of the Voronezh region in the field of innovative development, we can conclude that the development trend is positive. According to statistics, it can be seen that 2020 undoubtedly had a negative impact on the innovative development of our country, as evidenced by many indicators. The costs of innovation activity are growing every year, which indicates that the government is stimulating innovation activity, which is currently gradually decreasing. The indicator of development of nanotechnologies, advanced technologies developed and the coefficient of inventive activity showed the largest decline among other analyzed indicators. However, the level of innovation activity in the Voronezh region is growing, so we believe that we can make a great contribution to the development of the future of our country.","PeriodicalId":31207,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Voronezskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Inzenernyh Tehnologij","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136052378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.20914/2310-1202-2022-4-89-95
I. V. Boyarineva, I. S. Khamagaeva
In the field of food technology, it is currently important to obtain bacterial concentrates with high yield and viability of microbial cells. Purposeful regulation of the technological parameters of the production of bacterial preparations has a significant impact on their quality and on the quality of finished food products. The results of research on improving the technology of liquid bacterial concentrate based on symbiotic starter culture for bakery production are presented. This bacterial concentrate consists of a consortium of microorganisms characteristic of the fermentation microflora of rye starter cultures. The optimal dose of inoculate application was determined in order to increase the biomass. A feature of the technology is a new approach to inoculate preparation and biomass production. In the production of symbiotic concentrate, it is important to optimize the composition of the nutrient medium, to create conditions for the growth of mesophilic lactobacilli and yeast that do not ferment lactose, characteristic of the fermentation microflora used in bakery production. To obtain biomass, a simple and cheap nutrient medium based on curd whey is used; the inoculum is a natural symbiotic starter culture for rye bread; due to the balanced composition of the medium, the process of biomass accumulation is intensified; biomass is characterized by a high titer of viable cells. A high survival rate of cells under infrared drying conditions has been established. The starter concentrate has high enzymatic activity, good lifting power, has a high titer of mesophilic lactobacilli and yeast that do not ferment lactose.
{"title":"Improving the biotechnology of symbiotic bacterial concentrate","authors":"I. V. Boyarineva, I. S. Khamagaeva","doi":"10.20914/2310-1202-2022-4-89-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2022-4-89-95","url":null,"abstract":"In the field of food technology, it is currently important to obtain bacterial concentrates with high yield and viability of microbial cells. Purposeful regulation of the technological parameters of the production of bacterial preparations has a significant impact on their quality and on the quality of finished food products. The results of research on improving the technology of liquid bacterial concentrate based on symbiotic starter culture for bakery production are presented. This bacterial concentrate consists of a consortium of microorganisms characteristic of the fermentation microflora of rye starter cultures. The optimal dose of inoculate application was determined in order to increase the biomass. A feature of the technology is a new approach to inoculate preparation and biomass production. In the production of symbiotic concentrate, it is important to optimize the composition of the nutrient medium, to create conditions for the growth of mesophilic lactobacilli and yeast that do not ferment lactose, characteristic of the fermentation microflora used in bakery production. To obtain biomass, a simple and cheap nutrient medium based on curd whey is used; the inoculum is a natural symbiotic starter culture for rye bread; due to the balanced composition of the medium, the process of biomass accumulation is intensified; biomass is characterized by a high titer of viable cells. A high survival rate of cells under infrared drying conditions has been established. The starter concentrate has high enzymatic activity, good lifting power, has a high titer of mesophilic lactobacilli and yeast that do not ferment lactose.","PeriodicalId":31207,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Voronezskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Inzenernyh Tehnologij","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136131607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-09DOI: 10.20914/2310-1202-2022-3-337-344
L. A. Korobova, S. S. Bondarenko, D. P. Mukhin
The article is devoted to reviewing the concept of blockchain in the implementation of a decentralized money transfer system. The concept of fault tolerance of cryptocurrency technology is considered and some aspects of the fault tolerance solution are given. The analysis of information security of enterprises was carried out. The questions of anonymity of banking systems are touched upon. The dependence of the anonymity of the banking system on the quality of the software and on the security policy is shown. Recommendations are given for solving the problem of anonymity, in particular, generating a private key or embedding an algorithm for connecting transactions. Approaches to creating transactions are considered. Examples of algorithms that allow protecting user transactions are given. The description of the blockchain structure and the consensus algorithm has been carried out. The issues of generating a chain of blocks of an honest user and a chain of blocks of an attacker are considered. Formalization of the estimate of the probability of transaction break-even has been carried out. Binomial random walk was used for estimation. The end of the transaction process is just as justified as waiting for new blocks to be added to the chain of an honest user. A digital signature is used to identify whether a transaction belongs to a public key. The processes of signing a transaction and verifying a signature are considered. Separately, the approaches used in the design of cryptocurrencies are highlighted. The network stores the entire history of transactions, it is possible to calculate the balance of the total amount of incoming funds and spending money. These approaches are software solutions based on game theory and cryptography. The main attention is drawn to the business values of cryptocurrencies and ways to achieve them. As a result, the necessary functionality of the software client is formulated. The article provides a thorough analysis of a new financial and settlement instrument - electronic money. The task of developing a virtual payment system has recently received much attention.
{"title":"The principle of operation of a decentralized money transfer information system","authors":"L. A. Korobova, S. S. Bondarenko, D. P. Mukhin","doi":"10.20914/2310-1202-2022-3-337-344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2022-3-337-344","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to reviewing the concept of blockchain in the implementation of a decentralized money transfer system. The concept of fault tolerance of cryptocurrency technology is considered and some aspects of the fault tolerance solution are given. The analysis of information security of enterprises was carried out. The questions of anonymity of banking systems are touched upon. The dependence of the anonymity of the banking system on the quality of the software and on the security policy is shown. Recommendations are given for solving the problem of anonymity, in particular, generating a private key or embedding an algorithm for connecting transactions. Approaches to creating transactions are considered. Examples of algorithms that allow protecting user transactions are given. The description of the blockchain structure and the consensus algorithm has been carried out. The issues of generating a chain of blocks of an honest user and a chain of blocks of an attacker are considered. Formalization of the estimate of the probability of transaction break-even has been carried out. Binomial random walk was used for estimation. The end of the transaction process is just as justified as waiting for new blocks to be added to the chain of an honest user. A digital signature is used to identify whether a transaction belongs to a public key. The processes of signing a transaction and verifying a signature are considered. Separately, the approaches used in the design of cryptocurrencies are highlighted. The network stores the entire history of transactions, it is possible to calculate the balance of the total amount of incoming funds and spending money. These approaches are software solutions based on game theory and cryptography. The main attention is drawn to the business values of cryptocurrencies and ways to achieve them. As a result, the necessary functionality of the software client is formulated. The article provides a thorough analysis of a new financial and settlement instrument - electronic money. The task of developing a virtual payment system has recently received much attention.","PeriodicalId":31207,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Voronezskogo Gosudarstvennogo Universiteta Inzenernyh Tehnologij","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136176266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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