Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.121226
Antônia D F Lima, Adriana P Nascimento, Alessandra S B Moraes, Ana B Costa, Rafael P Santos, Luís E A Bezerra, Tommaso Giarrizzo, Laercio L Martins, Rivelino M Cavalcante
For the first time, a comprehensive evaluation was carried out to assess the presence of banned, restricted, and widely used permitted pesticides in Lepas anatifera (Lepas), a globally distributed oceanic species. This study aims to shed light on ocean health along Brazil's equatorial margin, a region identified as a priority for future exploration. Additionally, it seeks to contribute to the understanding of the South Atlantic Ocean, a region with limited scientific studies, by evaluating the potential risks associated with the ingestion of these barnacles. Specifically, the study investigates their potential role in cancer development or disruptions to the endocrine system, considering their critical position within the oceanic food web. A total of 60 organic pollutant compounds were analyzed in 1903 individuals distributed in 19 sample groups of L. anatifera using gas chromatography (GC) equipped with both an electron capture detector (ECD) and a nitrogen-phosphorus detector (NPD) (GC-ECD/NPD). The highest total concentration of permitted pesticides in Lepas was triazines (ƩTPs = 2314.87 ng/g), followed by organophosphorus (ƩOPPs = 231.86 ng/g) and pyrethroids (ƩPPs = 32.45 ng/g). Among banned and restricted substances, organochlorine pesticides (ƩOCPs = 24.30 ng/g) had the highest concentrations, followed by polybrominated diphenyl ethers (ƩPBDEs = 10.23 ng/g) and polychlorinated biphenyls (ƩPCBs = 6.01 ng/g). The cancer risk from PCBs and OCPs was considered insignificant or acceptable. Lepas is highlighted as an excellent oceanic biomonitor, demonstrating the ability to accumulate various traditional and emerging organic contaminants, necessitating improved waste management policies and monitoring plans. While PCBs and OCPs are well-known for causing severe diseases such as cancer, all the substances analyzed in this study have the potential to disrupt the endocrine and immune systems and impair reproductive functions. Some may even lead to feminization in animals, among other adverse health effects. These findings highlight the urgent need for effective policies and actions to improve the management of solid and liquid waste, alongside comprehensive plans to monitor the environmental fate of these substances and assess their true risks to living organisms.
{"title":"Lepas anatifera as a biomonitor of ocean health, ecological impacts, and cancer risk in a new frontier of exploration (Brazilian Equatorial Margin).","authors":"Antônia D F Lima, Adriana P Nascimento, Alessandra S B Moraes, Ana B Costa, Rafael P Santos, Luís E A Bezerra, Tommaso Giarrizzo, Laercio L Martins, Rivelino M Cavalcante","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2025.121226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For the first time, a comprehensive evaluation was carried out to assess the presence of banned, restricted, and widely used permitted pesticides in Lepas anatifera (Lepas), a globally distributed oceanic species. This study aims to shed light on ocean health along Brazil's equatorial margin, a region identified as a priority for future exploration. Additionally, it seeks to contribute to the understanding of the South Atlantic Ocean, a region with limited scientific studies, by evaluating the potential risks associated with the ingestion of these barnacles. Specifically, the study investigates their potential role in cancer development or disruptions to the endocrine system, considering their critical position within the oceanic food web. A total of 60 organic pollutant compounds were analyzed in 1903 individuals distributed in 19 sample groups of L. anatifera using gas chromatography (GC) equipped with both an electron capture detector (ECD) and a nitrogen-phosphorus detector (NPD) (GC-ECD/NPD). The highest total concentration of permitted pesticides in Lepas was triazines (Ʃ<sub>TPs</sub> = 2314.87 ng/g), followed by organophosphorus (Ʃ<sub>OPPs</sub> = 231.86 ng/g) and pyrethroids (Ʃ<sub>PPs</sub> = 32.45 ng/g). Among banned and restricted substances, organochlorine pesticides (Ʃ<sub>OCPs</sub> = 24.30 ng/g) had the highest concentrations, followed by polybrominated diphenyl ethers (Ʃ<sub>PBDEs</sub> = 10.23 ng/g) and polychlorinated biphenyls (Ʃ<sub>PCBs</sub> = 6.01 ng/g). The cancer risk from PCBs and OCPs was considered insignificant or acceptable. Lepas is highlighted as an excellent oceanic biomonitor, demonstrating the ability to accumulate various traditional and emerging organic contaminants, necessitating improved waste management policies and monitoring plans. While PCBs and OCPs are well-known for causing severe diseases such as cancer, all the substances analyzed in this study have the potential to disrupt the endocrine and immune systems and impair reproductive functions. Some may even lead to feminization in animals, among other adverse health effects. These findings highlight the urgent need for effective policies and actions to improve the management of solid and liquid waste, alongside comprehensive plans to monitor the environmental fate of these substances and assess their true risks to living organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"121226"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.121239
Cristiana Manullang , Jiahong Huang , Wei Lin, Honghao Liang, Hong Du, Tangcheng Li
Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for photosynthetic productivity, and its enrichment in coral reef ecosystems due to anthropogenic activities has raised concerns about ecological impacts. Urea is a readily available nitrogen source that can influence nitrogen dynamics in coral reef ecosystems, but the underlying mechanisms of its assimilation and utilization by coral symbionts remain unclear. This study investigates the physiological and molecular responses of Cladocopium goreaui to urea and nitrate, highlighting key differences in nitrogen assimilation. Although there was no significant difference in the expression of urease genes and proteins under urea and nitrate conditions, the form of nitrogen source did not affect urease activity; instead, nitrogen concentration was the primary factor influencing urease expression. Moreover, the regulation of C. goreaui gene expression by light intensity was more pronounced than the influence of nitrogen source type, suggesting that environmental light plays a more substantial role in gene regulation than the form of nitrogen available. In addition, transcriptomic analysis revealed that the response time of gene expression to nitrogen availability occurred approximately 2 h later than expected, emphasizing the delayed nature of the C. goreaui response. A total of 7786 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 2209 DEGs specific to urea treatment and 2675 DEGs specific to nitrate treatment. Proteomic analysis confirmed these findings, further detailing distinct nitrogen regulatory pathways, including stable metabolic responses to urea and dynamic shifts under nitrate treatment. Additionally, isotopic analyses showed that urea conditions resulted in higher δ13C and δ15N enrichment, indicating more efficient nitrogen and carbon assimilation. These results highlight the advantages of urea as an energetically favorable nitrogen source for C. goreaui, leading to stable metabolic responses and more efficient assimilation of both nitrogen and carbon. The findings underscore the metabolic flexibility of C. goreaui and its ability to adapt to varying nitrogen sources, with a greater impact from light conditions than nitrogen source type.
{"title":"Physiological and molecular responses to urea environment in Cladocopium goreaui (Symbiodiniaceae)","authors":"Cristiana Manullang , Jiahong Huang , Wei Lin, Honghao Liang, Hong Du, Tangcheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for photosynthetic productivity, and its enrichment in coral reef ecosystems due to anthropogenic activities has raised concerns about ecological impacts. Urea is a readily available nitrogen source that can influence nitrogen dynamics in coral reef ecosystems, but the underlying mechanisms of its assimilation and utilization by coral symbionts remain unclear. This study investigates the physiological and molecular responses of <em>Cladocopium goreaui</em> to urea and nitrate, highlighting key differences in nitrogen assimilation. Although there was no significant difference in the expression of urease genes and proteins under urea and nitrate conditions, the form of nitrogen source did not affect urease activity; instead, nitrogen concentration was the primary factor influencing urease expression. Moreover, the regulation of <em>C. goreaui</em> gene expression by light intensity was more pronounced than the influence of nitrogen source type, suggesting that environmental light plays a more substantial role in gene regulation than the form of nitrogen available. In addition, transcriptomic analysis revealed that the response time of gene expression to nitrogen availability occurred approximately 2 h later than expected, emphasizing the delayed nature of the <em>C. goreaui</em> response. A total of 7786 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, including 2209 DEGs specific to urea treatment and 2675 DEGs specific to nitrate treatment. Proteomic analysis confirmed these findings, further detailing distinct nitrogen regulatory pathways, including stable metabolic responses to urea and dynamic shifts under nitrate treatment. Additionally, isotopic analyses showed that urea conditions resulted in higher δ<sup>13</sup>C and δ<sup>15</sup>N enrichment, indicating more efficient nitrogen and carbon assimilation. These results highlight the advantages of urea as an energetically favorable nitrogen source for <em>C. goreaui</em>, leading to stable metabolic responses and more efficient assimilation of both nitrogen and carbon. The findings underscore the metabolic flexibility of <em>C. goreaui</em> and its ability to adapt to varying nitrogen sources, with a greater impact from light conditions than nitrogen source type.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 121239"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.121224
Jie Jiang, Yongfa Diao
Reaction interface structures of mechanochemical bromine modified high-sulfur petroleum coke (HSPC) as amorphous carbon are critical for Hg0 removal with SO2. This study first found low concentrations of SO2 promote mercury removal while high concentrations do not inhibit it. To distinguish benzene ring skeleton and epitaxial active edges, according to XPS analysis, two new edge models with thiophene were proposed, followed by corresponding defective structures. The calculation of density function theory (DFT) reveals that spatial adsorption of bromine, SO2, and Hg0 is a more universal configuration. The defective armchair-S significantly lowers the energy barrier of Hg0 oxidation while the defective zigzag configurations are more stable. The armchair-Br-1SO2-2 added one negative extreme point near C-Br and broadened the activity region. Further, a new promotion pathway of SO2 is proposed that SO2 pulls Hg0 forming strong physisorption. However, excess SO2 molecules do not compete with mercury for adsorption. Although the adsorption energy of mercury is higher on intact structures, the oxidation energy barrier is lower on defective structures with SO2, and even direct mercury oxidation on zigzag-S with two SO2 molecules. This study can provide a theoretical basis for functionalized carbon-based adsorbents removing Hg0 in actual flue gas.
{"title":"Mercury removal mechanism of brominated high-sulfur petroleum coke: Experimental and DFT study","authors":"Jie Jiang, Yongfa Diao","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reaction interface structures of mechanochemical bromine modified high-sulfur petroleum coke (HSPC) as amorphous carbon are critical for Hg<sup>0</sup> removal with SO<sub>2</sub>. This study first found low concentrations of SO<sub>2</sub> promote mercury removal while high concentrations do not inhibit it. To distinguish benzene ring skeleton and epitaxial active edges, according to XPS analysis, two new edge models with thiophene were proposed, followed by corresponding defective structures. The calculation of density function theory (DFT) reveals that spatial adsorption of bromine, SO<sub>2</sub>, and Hg<sup>0</sup> is a more universal configuration. The defective armchair-S significantly lowers the energy barrier of Hg<sup>0</sup> oxidation while the defective zigzag configurations are more stable. The armchair-Br-1SO<sub>2</sub>-2 added one negative extreme point near C-Br and broadened the activity region. Further, a new promotion pathway of SO<sub>2</sub> is proposed that SO<sub>2</sub> pulls Hg<sup>0</sup> forming strong physisorption. However, excess SO<sub>2</sub> molecules do not compete with mercury for adsorption. Although the adsorption energy of mercury is higher on intact structures, the oxidation energy barrier is lower on defective structures with SO<sub>2</sub>, and even direct mercury oxidation on zigzag-S with two SO<sub>2</sub> molecules. This study can provide a theoretical basis for functionalized carbon-based adsorbents removing Hg<sup>0</sup> in actual flue gas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 121224"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.121225
Duc Thang Nguyen , Trung Kien Hoang , Thi Duyen Tran , Manh Ha Nguyen , Kieu Trang Trinh , Duy Anh Khuong , Toshiki Tsubota , Tien Duc Pham
Adsorption of individual and a binary mixture of ciprofloxacin antibiotic (CFX) and lead ion, Pb(II) on bamboo biochar was investigated in this study. Bamboo biochar which was successfully fabricated by pyrolysis was carefully characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, FT-IR, XPS and zeta potential measurements to confirm the porous structure and high specific surface area of 134 m2 g−1. Individual and simultaneous adsorption of CFX and Pb(II) on synthesized bamboo biochar was systematically studied by batch technique. The optimum experimental parameters for CFX and Pb(II) simultaneous adsorption were pH 6, 5.0 mg mL−1 bamboo-biochar dosage, contact time 120 min while that were found to be, adsorbent dosage of 2.5 mg mL−1 and 60 min contact time, pH 3 for CFX and pH 4 for Pb(II) individual adsorption. The maximum adsorption efficiencies of binary mixture CFX and Pb(II) on bamboo biochar were achieved 99.9 and 90.8%, respectively while the very high adsorption capacities fitted by Langmuir model were found to be 183.6 and 285.7 mg g−1 for Pb(II) and CFX, respectively. Adsorption mechanisms of CFX and Pb(II) on bamboo biochar were discussed in details based on surface charge changes and isothermal data.
{"title":"Adsorption characteristics of individual and binary mixture of ciprofloxacin antibiotic and lead(II) on synthesized bamboo-biochar","authors":"Duc Thang Nguyen , Trung Kien Hoang , Thi Duyen Tran , Manh Ha Nguyen , Kieu Trang Trinh , Duy Anh Khuong , Toshiki Tsubota , Tien Duc Pham","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adsorption of individual and a binary mixture of ciprofloxacin antibiotic (CFX) and lead ion, Pb(II) on bamboo biochar was investigated in this study. Bamboo biochar which was successfully fabricated by pyrolysis was carefully characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, BET, FT-IR, XPS and zeta potential measurements to confirm the porous structure and high specific surface area of 134 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>. Individual and simultaneous adsorption of CFX and Pb(II) on synthesized bamboo biochar was systematically studied by batch technique. The optimum experimental parameters for CFX and Pb(II) simultaneous adsorption were pH 6, 5.0 mg mL<sup>−1</sup> bamboo-biochar dosage, contact time 120 min while that were found to be, adsorbent dosage of 2.5 mg mL<sup>−1</sup> and 60 min contact time, pH 3 for CFX and pH 4 for Pb(II) individual adsorption. The maximum adsorption efficiencies of binary mixture CFX and Pb(II) on bamboo biochar were achieved 99.9 and 90.8%, respectively while the very high adsorption capacities fitted by Langmuir model were found to be 183.6 and 285.7 mg g<sup>−1</sup> for Pb(II) and CFX, respectively. Adsorption mechanisms of CFX and Pb(II) on bamboo biochar were discussed in details based on surface charge changes and isothermal data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 121225"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.121204
Yujie Zhang , Xumeng Lu , Shengqi Yu , Huijing Gu , Xiangyu Fei , Tianyu Pan , Lu Li , Yanyan Ding , Min Ni , Yang Pan
To study the mechanism of a novel pilot-scale biofilm sequencing batch reactor (PS-BSBR) for efficient phosphorus recovery under low carbon demand. The phosphate uptake/release performance and carbon source utilization efficiency of PS-BSBR and a typical enhanced biological phosphate removal (EBPR) -A2O process were compared, and the detection methods of different phosphorus forms were improved. The results showed that phosphate uptake/release content of PS-BSBR were 3.07 times and 4.47 times of that of A2O process under high carbon source utilization efficiency, respectively. The PS-BSBR mainly used inorganic phosphorus (IP) in the form of non-apatite inorganic phosphorus (NAIP) in EPS (85–90%), which was dependent on the adsorption of biologically induced extracellular polymers (EPS). The A2O process was mainly based on the IP in the form of NAIP (60–70%) in the cell for phosphate uptake and release, that was, relying on the biological phosphorus metabolism in the cell of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs). Macroomics sequencing revealed that PS-BSBR had a variety of PAOs and a high-abundance glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs). By up-regulating the expression of key genes related to cellular phosphorus metabolism and EPS secretion, PS-BSBR promoted the phosphorus metabolism of PAOs cells and the biologically induced phosphate adsorption and desorption, which were dominated by the synthesis and decomposition of EPS. Therefore, the phosphorus absorption and release performance of PS-BSBR process was significantly better than that of A2O process. This study could provide theoretical support and regulatory guidance for the application of PS-BSBR process in sewage phosphorus recovery under the consumption of low carbon sources.
{"title":"Study on the mechanisms of efficient phosphorus recovery by a pilot-scale biofilm sequencing batch reactor under low carbon demand","authors":"Yujie Zhang , Xumeng Lu , Shengqi Yu , Huijing Gu , Xiangyu Fei , Tianyu Pan , Lu Li , Yanyan Ding , Min Ni , Yang Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To study the mechanism of a novel pilot-scale biofilm sequencing batch reactor (PS-BSBR) for efficient phosphorus recovery under low carbon demand. The phosphate uptake/release performance and carbon source utilization efficiency of PS-BSBR and a typical enhanced biological phosphate removal (EBPR) -A<sup>2</sup>O process were compared, and the detection methods of different phosphorus forms were improved. The results showed that phosphate uptake/release content of PS-BSBR were 3.07 times and 4.47 times of that of A<sup>2</sup>O process under high carbon source utilization efficiency, respectively. The PS-BSBR mainly used inorganic phosphorus (IP) in the form of non-apatite inorganic phosphorus (NAIP) in EPS (85–90%), which was dependent on the adsorption of biologically induced extracellular polymers (EPS). The A<sup>2</sup>O process was mainly based on the IP in the form of NAIP (60–70%) in the cell for phosphate uptake and release, that was, relying on the biological phosphorus metabolism in the cell of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs). Macroomics sequencing revealed that PS-BSBR had a variety of PAOs and a high-abundance glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs). By up-regulating the expression of key genes related to cellular phosphorus metabolism and EPS secretion, PS-BSBR promoted the phosphorus metabolism of PAOs cells and the biologically induced phosphate adsorption and desorption, which were dominated by the synthesis and decomposition of EPS. Therefore, the phosphorus absorption and release performance of PS-BSBR process was significantly better than that of A<sup>2</sup>O process. This study could provide theoretical support and regulatory guidance for the application of PS-BSBR process in sewage phosphorus recovery under the consumption of low carbon sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 121204"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.121216
Hao Ling , Xilin Li , Dayin Wang , Ling Liu , Haowen Xue , Qi Sun , Kexin Li
Acid mine drainage (AMD) in the goaf of a medium-high sulphur mining area is a solution with low pH and high SO42−, which poses a serious threat to the environment and ecosystem. To simultaneously realize filling mining and in situ acid reduction of AMD, a low-carbon alkaline full waste oil shale residue-based gangue backfill (FWOGB) without cement was prepared. A wetting‒drying cycle corrosion experiment with FWOGB coupled with AMD at various pH values was conducted. These findings indicate that FWOGB demonstrates effective acid reduction and corrosion resistance properties. The lower the pH is, the greater the loss of FWOGB mass and uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and the more severe the deterioration. After 24 wetting‒drying cycles, the FWOGB mass and UCS loss rates of the pH 3 group were 6.00% and 35.57%, respectively. Digital image correlation (DIC) revealed that the strain concentration zone in different directions of the FWOGB migrated from the top to the bottom, which was related to the top enrichment of corrosive ions during the wetting‒drying cycles. Microscopic analysis revealed that the deterioration of FWOGB was due to the formation of the expansive corrosion products ettringite (AFt) and gypsum. After FWOGB interacts with AMD, the pH of AMD increases from 3.00 to approximately 8.50. The leaching concentrations of Fe2+ and Mn2+ were less than 0.27 mg/L and 0.07 mg/L, respectively, which met the Chinese groundwater quality standard (III). The research results provide new ideas for paste filling mining in medium-high sulphur mining areas.
{"title":"Acid reduction and corrosion resistance of alkaline full solid waste backfill based on oil shale residue","authors":"Hao Ling , Xilin Li , Dayin Wang , Ling Liu , Haowen Xue , Qi Sun , Kexin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acid mine drainage (AMD) in the goaf of a medium-high sulphur mining area is a solution with low pH and high SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>, which poses a serious threat to the environment and ecosystem. To simultaneously realize filling mining and in situ acid reduction of AMD, a low-carbon alkaline full waste oil shale residue-based gangue backfill (FWOGB) without cement was prepared. A wetting‒drying cycle corrosion experiment with FWOGB coupled with AMD at various pH values was conducted. These findings indicate that FWOGB demonstrates effective acid reduction and corrosion resistance properties. The lower the pH is, the greater the loss of FWOGB mass and uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and the more severe the deterioration. After 24 wetting‒drying cycles, the FWOGB mass and UCS loss rates of the pH 3 group were 6.00% and 35.57%, respectively. Digital image correlation (DIC) revealed that the strain concentration zone in different directions of the FWOGB migrated from the top to the bottom, which was related to the top enrichment of corrosive ions during the wetting‒drying cycles. Microscopic analysis revealed that the deterioration of FWOGB was due to the formation of the expansive corrosion products ettringite (AFt) and gypsum. After FWOGB interacts with AMD, the pH of AMD increases from 3.00 to approximately 8.50. The leaching concentrations of Fe<sup>2+</sup> and Mn<sup>2+</sup> were less than 0.27 mg/L and 0.07 mg/L, respectively, which met the Chinese groundwater quality standard (III). The research results provide new ideas for paste filling mining in medium-high sulphur mining areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 121216"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.121229
Qianxi Ao , Zhaoxia Ni, Lianying Su, Hongmei Zhao, Xiaohong Zhao
Iron-carbon microelectrolysis (IC-ME) is a highly effective approach for achieving efficient denitrogenation in low carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio wastewater; however, its mechanism and electron transfer pathways remain unclear. This study developed iron-carbon fillers with added magnetite (Fe3O4) to investigate the influence of Fe3O4 and IC-ME on biological denitrification under varying C/N ratios. In batch experiments, the experimental group achieved an average total nitrogen removal improvement of 20.45% and 31.80%, respectively, compared to the control group at a simulated wastewater C/N ratio of 3. When compared to the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) without fillers, the SBR with iron-carbon fillers demonstrated a 22.50% increase in average total nitrogen removal. Additionally, activities of Cyt-c, complex I, and complex III significantly increased when the influent water C/N ratio was reduced to 3. The structural composition of the microbial community exhibited an abundance of denitrifying microorganisms, including Pseudomonadota, Betaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria, alongside iron-autotrophic denitrifying microorganisms such as Acidovorax and Pseudoxanthomonas. Moreover, the genes narG, nirS, and nosZ showed increased abundance, with most genes becoming progressively more abundant as the C/N ratio decreased. This study aims to provide valuable insights for energy conservation and carbon reduction in wastewater treatment plants facing limited carbon sources.
{"title":"Effect of iron-carbon microelectrolysis and magnetite on biological nitrogen removal: Analysis of microbial communities, functional genes, and mechanisms","authors":"Qianxi Ao , Zhaoxia Ni, Lianying Su, Hongmei Zhao, Xiaohong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Iron-carbon microelectrolysis (IC-ME) is a highly effective approach for achieving efficient denitrogenation in low carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio wastewater; however, its mechanism and electron transfer pathways remain unclear. This study developed iron-carbon fillers with added magnetite (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) to investigate the influence of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and IC-ME on biological denitrification under varying C/N ratios. In batch experiments, the experimental group achieved an average total nitrogen removal improvement of 20.45% and 31.80%, respectively, compared to the control group at a simulated wastewater C/N ratio of 3. When compared to the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) without fillers, the SBR with iron-carbon fillers demonstrated a 22.50% increase in average total nitrogen removal. Additionally, activities of Cyt-c, complex I, and complex III significantly increased when the influent water C/N ratio was reduced to 3. The structural composition of the microbial community exhibited an abundance of denitrifying microorganisms, including <em>Pseudomonadota</em>, <em>Betaproteobacteria</em>, and <em>Gammaproteobacteria</em>, alongside iron-autotrophic denitrifying microorganisms such as <em>Acidovorax</em> and <em>Pseudoxanthomonas</em>. Moreover, the genes <em>narG</em>, <em>nirS</em>, and <em>nosZ</em> showed increased abundance, with most genes becoming progressively more abundant as the C/N ratio decreased. This study aims to provide valuable insights for energy conservation and carbon reduction in wastewater treatment plants facing limited carbon sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"274 ","pages":"Article 121229"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.121241
Qian Liu , Li Zhang , Yucheng Liu , Xiaoqiang Zheng , Xuna Liu , Zhongquan Zhong , Liping Wei , Qianqian Zhao , Tingting Yao , Ping Yang
With appropriate cerium (Ce) doping, the layered lithium ion-sieve precursor Li1.37Ce0.001Mn1.22O3 was synthesized using hydrothermal and solid-phase calcination, which exhibited Li/Mn ratio exceeding 1, indicating a high theoretical adsorption capacity. The incorporation of Ce further stabilized the spatial configuration of the layered ion-sieve and controlled the dissolution loss ratio of manganese (Mn) to approximately 0.55%. At 25 °C, with pH of 9 and initial lithium-containing solution concentration of 100 mg/L, the adsorption capacity can reach around 33 mg/g. Despite the presence of interfering ions, it maintained selective adsorption of lithium (Li). The lithium adsorption process by layered lithium ion-sieve adhered to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, while the kinetics of adsorption conformed to pseudo-second-order kinetics. This adsorption process was characterized as spontaneous and endothermic, with higher temperatures and concentrations of lithium solutions facilitating both the adsorption process and capacity. It was found that in simulation analysis, compared to the cubic ion-sieve precursor, Li in the layered structure occupied more spatial points, resulting in a more compact stacking and increased bond energy. It alleviated the dissolution loss of Mn during the pickling process. The proximity of Ce resulted in a reduction of the charge on Mn and Li. An appropriate amount of Ce doping will enhance the valence state of Mn; however, excessive Ce doping led to the depletion of electrons from nearby Mn and Li. During pickling process, the Li surrounding Ce in the precursor were preferentially replaced by hydrogen (H) due to their lower charge.
{"title":"Preparation, adsorption and structure of Ce doped layered manganese ion-sieve based on Li2MnO3 spatial structure","authors":"Qian Liu , Li Zhang , Yucheng Liu , Xiaoqiang Zheng , Xuna Liu , Zhongquan Zhong , Liping Wei , Qianqian Zhao , Tingting Yao , Ping Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With appropriate cerium (Ce) doping, the layered lithium ion-sieve precursor Li<sub>1.37</sub>Ce<sub>0.001</sub>Mn<sub>1.22</sub>O<sub>3</sub> was synthesized using hydrothermal and solid-phase calcination, which exhibited Li/Mn ratio exceeding 1, indicating a high theoretical adsorption capacity. The incorporation of Ce further stabilized the spatial configuration of the layered ion-sieve and controlled the dissolution loss ratio of manganese (Mn) to approximately 0.55%. At 25 °C, with pH of 9 and initial lithium-containing solution concentration of 100 mg/L, the adsorption capacity can reach around 33 mg/g. Despite the presence of interfering ions, it maintained selective adsorption of lithium (Li). The lithium adsorption process by layered lithium ion-sieve adhered to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, while the kinetics of adsorption conformed to pseudo-second-order kinetics. This adsorption process was characterized as spontaneous and endothermic, with higher temperatures and concentrations of lithium solutions facilitating both the adsorption process and capacity. It was found that in simulation analysis, compared to the cubic ion-sieve precursor, Li in the layered structure occupied more spatial points, resulting in a more compact stacking and increased bond energy. It alleviated the dissolution loss of Mn during the pickling process. The proximity of Ce resulted in a reduction of the charge on Mn and Li. An appropriate amount of Ce doping will enhance the valence state of Mn; however, excessive Ce doping led to the depletion of electrons from nearby Mn and Li. During pickling process, the Li surrounding Ce in the precursor were preferentially replaced by hydrogen (H) due to their lower charge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"273 ","pages":"Article 121241"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.121238
Manuel Curto, Sofia Batista, Carlos D Santos, Filipe Ribeiro, Sofia Nogueira, Diogo Ribeiro, Benjamin Prindle, Daniel Licari, Giulia Riccioni, Diogo Dias, Francisco Pina-Martins, Sissel Jentoft, Ana Veríssimo, Maria Judite Alves, Hugo F Gante
Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has revolutionized ecological and environmental research by describing communities without relying on direct observations, making it a powerful, non-invasive, and cost-effective tool in biodiversity monitoring. However, the adoption of eDNA as a standard protocol in long-term monitoring programs, which have traditionally relied on capture-based methods, presents challenges in terms of data comparability. Here, we compared freshwater fish communities assessed through eDNA metabarcoding and electrofishing, across 35 sampling sites in the lower Tagus River basin, Portugal. For the majority of species or species-groups analysed individually (13 out of 17), a significant correspondence was observed between electrofishing and eDNA metabarcoding detections. A weaker correspondence was found between the number of specimens captured by electrofishing with the number of eDNA metabarcoding reads, with seven out of 13 taxa showing significant relationships. Species richness estimates based on the two methods were very similar at the basin level. The methods yielded significantly different species compositions, although these differences were driven by samples collected in the Tagus main channel, which is wider and has higher flow rates than tributaries. Benthic and shoreline fish communities showed similar species composition in the two methods, but this was not the case for pelagic communities, probably due to the higher water turnover of the pelagic zone and electrofishing inefficiency. Our results highlight the high potential of eDNA metabarcoding as a complementary method to electrofishing for freshwater fish monitoring, though further validation is needed to assess biases related to site-specific hydrological conditions and the ecology of the target species.
{"title":"Freshwater fish community assessment using eDNA metabarcoding vs. capture-based methods: differences in efficiency and resolution coupled to habitat and ecology.","authors":"Manuel Curto, Sofia Batista, Carlos D Santos, Filipe Ribeiro, Sofia Nogueira, Diogo Ribeiro, Benjamin Prindle, Daniel Licari, Giulia Riccioni, Diogo Dias, Francisco Pina-Martins, Sissel Jentoft, Ana Veríssimo, Maria Judite Alves, Hugo F Gante","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.121238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2025.121238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding has revolutionized ecological and environmental research by describing communities without relying on direct observations, making it a powerful, non-invasive, and cost-effective tool in biodiversity monitoring. However, the adoption of eDNA as a standard protocol in long-term monitoring programs, which have traditionally relied on capture-based methods, presents challenges in terms of data comparability. Here, we compared freshwater fish communities assessed through eDNA metabarcoding and electrofishing, across 35 sampling sites in the lower Tagus River basin, Portugal. For the majority of species or species-groups analysed individually (13 out of 17), a significant correspondence was observed between electrofishing and eDNA metabarcoding detections. A weaker correspondence was found between the number of specimens captured by electrofishing with the number of eDNA metabarcoding reads, with seven out of 13 taxa showing significant relationships. Species richness estimates based on the two methods were very similar at the basin level. The methods yielded significantly different species compositions, although these differences were driven by samples collected in the Tagus main channel, which is wider and has higher flow rates than tributaries. Benthic and shoreline fish communities showed similar species composition in the two methods, but this was not the case for pelagic communities, probably due to the higher water turnover of the pelagic zone and electrofishing inefficiency. Our results highlight the high potential of eDNA metabarcoding as a complementary method to electrofishing for freshwater fish monitoring, though further validation is needed to assess biases related to site-specific hydrological conditions and the ecology of the target species.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"121238"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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