Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.123905
Teng Bao, Cheng Long Li, Wei Wei, Mekdimu Mezemir Damtie, Zhijie Chen, Haijiao Xie, Bing-Jie Ni
Antibiotics (e.g., ofloxacin) pollution is an emerging environmental concern due to its persistence and potential health risks. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) offer promising solutions, yet their practical application is often limited by catalyst cost and stability. Here, we report the use of natural vivianite-a low-cost iron phosphate mineral-as an efficient peroxymonosulphate (PMS) activator for ofloxacin degradation. Under the optimised conditions, 97% of ofloxacin was effectively degraded within 60 min. The ofloxacin degradation ratio could still reach 76% after three consecutive cycles. Mechanistic investigations revealed Mn2+ and Co2+ isomorphic substitutions within the vivianite lattice, which induced electron cloud redistribution and promoted the formation of metal-oxygen-metal and metal-oxygen bonds. These structural changes enhanced charge transfer and facilitated PMS adsorption and activation via both surface-bound sites and leached phosphate species. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy confirmed that degradation proceeded through synergistic radical (·OH, SO4·-, O2·-) and non-radical (1O2) pathways. Importantly, the degradation products exhibited significantly lower toxicity than ofloxacin itself, underscoring the environmental relevance of this process. These findings highlight the potential of natural vivianite as a cost-effective and sustainable PMS activator for antibiotic removal in water treatment applications.
{"title":"Natural vivianite activates peroxymonosulphate for efficient ofloxacin degradation: Performance and mechanism.","authors":"Teng Bao, Cheng Long Li, Wei Wei, Mekdimu Mezemir Damtie, Zhijie Chen, Haijiao Xie, Bing-Jie Ni","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2026.123905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibiotics (e.g., ofloxacin) pollution is an emerging environmental concern due to its persistence and potential health risks. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) offer promising solutions, yet their practical application is often limited by catalyst cost and stability. Here, we report the use of natural vivianite-a low-cost iron phosphate mineral-as an efficient peroxymonosulphate (PMS) activator for ofloxacin degradation. Under the optimised conditions, 97% of ofloxacin was effectively degraded within 60 min. The ofloxacin degradation ratio could still reach 76% after three consecutive cycles. Mechanistic investigations revealed Mn<sup>2+</sup> and Co<sup>2+</sup> isomorphic substitutions within the vivianite lattice, which induced electron cloud redistribution and promoted the formation of metal-oxygen-metal and metal-oxygen bonds. These structural changes enhanced charge transfer and facilitated PMS adsorption and activation via both surface-bound sites and leached phosphate species. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy confirmed that degradation proceeded through synergistic radical (·OH, SO<sub>4</sub>·<sup>-</sup>, O<sub>2</sub>·<sup>-</sup>) and non-radical (<sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>) pathways. Importantly, the degradation products exhibited significantly lower toxicity than ofloxacin itself, underscoring the environmental relevance of this process. These findings highlight the potential of natural vivianite as a cost-effective and sustainable PMS activator for antibiotic removal in water treatment applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"123905"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146091592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that deposits in the soil through industrial and related anthropogenic inputs, and it resists to degrade naturally. Like most POPs, BaP binds strongly to organic matter thus affecting microbial removal owing to its limited bioavailability. This study evaluates BaP removal from soil inoculated with Pheretima guillelmi under freshly spiked and aged contaminated conditions while assessing its impact on soil chemistry, enzyme activities, and microbial community structure. Results revealed that BaP removal rates were 36.96% and 39.47% in fresh and aged contaminated soils, respectively, after 60 days of incubation in the presence of earthworms. The residual concentration of BaP as well as its bioaccumulation factor found in earthworm tissue drastically reduced under aged treatments thus revealing reduced or limited bioavailability. The electrical conductivity, ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), available potassium content; catalase and dehydrogenase activities increased due to earthworm burrowing, feeding, and casting activities whereas urease and protease were unaffected under aged conditions. 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis indicated an increase in bacterial α-diversity accompanied by the enrichment of putative BaP-degrading genera Flavobacterium, Sphingomonas, Aeromonas, Mesobacillus, and Microvirga. Results of functional prediction and co-occurrence network analyses demonstrated that BaP perturbed microbial associations, however earthworm containing treatments maintained higher bacterial association as well as functional resilience. These results validate that P. guillelmi enhances remediation potential in aged BaP-contaminated soils through adjustment of nutrient balance in the soil, stimulation of pollutant-degrading taxa, and strengthening microbial interactions.
{"title":"Earthworm-Assisted Remediation of Aged Benzo[a]pyrene-Contaminated Soil and Its Impact on Microbial Community Structure.","authors":"Wanyu Xu, Xinhua Gao, Shiyin Huang, Yue Xie, Babar Farid, Wen Qiu, Yage Guo, Bingjie Xu, Zhengqi Zhang, Xiang Wang, Lina Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2026.123904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a persistent organic pollutant (POP) that deposits in the soil through industrial and related anthropogenic inputs, and it resists to degrade naturally. Like most POPs, BaP binds strongly to organic matter thus affecting microbial removal owing to its limited bioavailability. This study evaluates BaP removal from soil inoculated with Pheretima guillelmi under freshly spiked and aged contaminated conditions while assessing its impact on soil chemistry, enzyme activities, and microbial community structure. Results revealed that BaP removal rates were 36.96% and 39.47% in fresh and aged contaminated soils, respectively, after 60 days of incubation in the presence of earthworms. The residual concentration of BaP as well as its bioaccumulation factor found in earthworm tissue drastically reduced under aged treatments thus revealing reduced or limited bioavailability. The electrical conductivity, ammonium nitrogen (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-N), available potassium content; catalase and dehydrogenase activities increased due to earthworm burrowing, feeding, and casting activities whereas urease and protease were unaffected under aged conditions. 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis indicated an increase in bacterial α-diversity accompanied by the enrichment of putative BaP-degrading genera Flavobacterium, Sphingomonas, Aeromonas, Mesobacillus, and Microvirga. Results of functional prediction and co-occurrence network analyses demonstrated that BaP perturbed microbial associations, however earthworm containing treatments maintained higher bacterial association as well as functional resilience. These results validate that P. guillelmi enhances remediation potential in aged BaP-contaminated soils through adjustment of nutrient balance in the soil, stimulation of pollutant-degrading taxa, and strengthening microbial interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"123904"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146091563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.123900
Yong Huang , Zhenjia Si , Tao Ding , Le Jiang , Zhen Nie , Jinyu Zhang , Jiahao Zou , Ying Zeng
Rational design of dual active sites for polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) photocatalysts to regulate the separation and migration rates of photoexcited charge pairs represents an advanced strategy for the green development of CO2 and H2 production. Herein, ethyl alcohol groups modified PCN with enriched N vacancies (EG-CN) was prepared by the solvothermal method with different concentrations of reducing ethylene glycol (EG). All EG-CN samples exhibit boosted photocatalytic CO2 reduction activity than PCN. Among them, 50EG-CN sample (treated with a ratio of 50 to 10 of ethylene glycol to deionized water) exerts outstanding evolution rate of CO and CH4, reaching 16.3 μmol g−1·h−1 and 0.8 μmol g−1·h−1, which were 3.3 and 2 times that of the reference PCN, respectively. As a universal test, photocatalytic H2 evolution further proofs that EG-CN samples have an enhanced catalytic performance. The H2 evolution efficiency on 50EG-CN is nearly twice compared to PCN. Experimental results and theoretic calculations reveal that the synergistic effect of the dual active sites not only optimizes the surface electronic properties but also serves as new sites for the activation and reaction of molecules. This work supposes the conversion process of the intermediates, reveals the enhanced photocatalytic mechanism for CO2 reduction, and provides constructive guidance for designing multiple active sites on PCN-based materials to enhance the photocatalytic performance.
{"title":"Dual active sites modified polymeric carbon nitride for efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction and H2 evolution","authors":"Yong Huang , Zhenjia Si , Tao Ding , Le Jiang , Zhen Nie , Jinyu Zhang , Jiahao Zou , Ying Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123900","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123900","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rational design of dual active sites for polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) photocatalysts to regulate the separation and migration rates of photoexcited charge pairs represents an advanced strategy for the green development of CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub> production. Herein, ethyl alcohol groups modified PCN with enriched N vacancies (EG-CN) was prepared by the solvothermal method with different concentrations of reducing ethylene glycol (EG). All EG-CN samples exhibit boosted photocatalytic CO<sub>2</sub> reduction activity than PCN. Among them, 50EG-CN sample (treated with a ratio of 50 to 10 of ethylene glycol to deionized water) exerts outstanding evolution rate of CO and CH<sub>4</sub>, reaching 16.3 μmol g<sup>−1</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup> and 0.8 μmol g<sup>−1</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>, which were 3.3 and 2 times that of the reference PCN, respectively. As a universal test, photocatalytic H<sub>2</sub> evolution further proofs that EG-CN samples have an enhanced catalytic performance. The H<sub>2</sub> evolution efficiency on 50EG-CN is nearly twice compared to PCN. Experimental results and theoretic calculations reveal that the synergistic effect of the dual active sites not only optimizes the surface electronic properties but also serves as new sites for the activation and reaction of molecules. This work supposes the conversion process of the intermediates, reveals the enhanced photocatalytic mechanism for CO<sub>2</sub> reduction, and provides constructive guidance for designing multiple active sites on PCN-based materials to enhance the photocatalytic performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 123900"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent organic pollutants with potential adverse neurobehavioral effects. However, research on the effects of alternative PFAS and PFAS mixture on children's behavior is limited.
Methods: Children from the Taiwan Birth Panel Study II (TBPS II) were enrolled, and their serum was analyzed for 11 types of PFAS. Behavioral performance was assessed using the Conners' Kiddie Continuous Performance Test, 2nd Edition (K-CPT 2). Linear regression and quantile g-computation (QGC) analyses were performed to determine the relationships between PFAS exposure and children's behavioral performance.
Results: A total of 448 children aged between 6 and 7 years were included in the study. PFAS concentrations varied considerably, with perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) showing the highest geometric mean (6.538 ng/mL) and PFDoDA the lowest (0.05 ng/mL). Among girls, perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) levels were adversely associated with omissions (adjusted β=3.72, 95% confidence interval= 0.80, 6.63). There is no strong evidence for the joint effect of the PFAS mixture on K-CPT 2 scores. However, negative joint effects on K-CPT 2 indicators for boys and positive joint effects for girls are observed for perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS)and perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA).
Conclusion: This study highlights the modest adverse effects of alternative PFAS on child behavioral performance and the importance of sex differences. Future research should focus on the toxicological characteristics and health risks of short-chain PFAS substitutes.
{"title":"Early-Childhood Exposure to Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and Neurobehavioral Development in Children.","authors":"Chia-Jung Tung, Jia-Hwa Yang, Ching-Chun Lin, Chia-Yang Chen, Wu-Shiun Hsieh, Mei-Huei Chen, Pau-Chung Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2026.123901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent organic pollutants with potential adverse neurobehavioral effects. However, research on the effects of alternative PFAS and PFAS mixture on children's behavior is limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children from the Taiwan Birth Panel Study II (TBPS II) were enrolled, and their serum was analyzed for 11 types of PFAS. Behavioral performance was assessed using the Conners' Kiddie Continuous Performance Test, 2nd Edition (K-CPT 2). Linear regression and quantile g-computation (QGC) analyses were performed to determine the relationships between PFAS exposure and children's behavioral performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 448 children aged between 6 and 7 years were included in the study. PFAS concentrations varied considerably, with perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) showing the highest geometric mean (6.538 ng/mL) and PFDoDA the lowest (0.05 ng/mL). Among girls, perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA) levels were adversely associated with omissions (adjusted β=3.72, 95% confidence interval= 0.80, 6.63). There is no strong evidence for the joint effect of the PFAS mixture on K-CPT 2 scores. However, negative joint effects on K-CPT 2 indicators for boys and positive joint effects for girls are observed for perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS)and perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the modest adverse effects of alternative PFAS on child behavioral performance and the importance of sex differences. Future research should focus on the toxicological characteristics and health risks of short-chain PFAS substitutes.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"123901"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146091636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.123898
Brian Jonathan Young, Martina Dours, Tomás Agustín Rearte, Romina Ingrid Romaniuk, Gonzalo Roqueiro, Pedro Federico Rizzo
Abandoned mines cause environmental and health risks worldwide. Mining waste is characterized by acidic pH and high metal content. This study addressed the combined or individual soil application of dolomite and compost to remediate a soil contaminated with mining waste to evaluate synergistic effects on pH buffering, metal availability, organic complexation, phytotoxicity reduction, and microbial activation. An experimental design was carried out with nine combinations of compost and dolomite doses. Compost increased soil organic matter by 1 and 3%, and dolomite increased soil pH from 2.6 to 4.5 and 6.5. An incubation test was performed for 69 days and microbial activity was monitored. Physicochemical and microbiological parameters were measured, and Allium cepa tests were conducted. Greater microbial biomass (194.2±31.6 mg C/kg) and CO2 release (176.8±5.6 mg CO2-C) were observed in remediated soils with high dolomite and low compost doses (p<0.05). Soils with high dolomite dose were associated with a decrease in electrical conductivity (11.18 to 1.43 mS/cm), redox potential (415 to 240 mV) and toxicity (RGIC0.8: 0.12 to >100), but an increase in Pb, Cu and Zn immobilization, pH (2.91 to 7.18) and carbonates (11.41 to 40.95%). Therefore, dolomite application generated a dose-dependent improvement in physicochemical and biological conditions and significantly decreased the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. The combined use of high dolomite and low compost doses (23.63 g dolomite and 4.05 g compost/100 g soil) represents an upper-bound remediation scenario and provides a reference framework for amendment-driven processes in extremely contaminated soils, warranting further validation in small-scale trials before field application.
{"title":"Compost and dolomite improve soil conditions and reduce significantly the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity caused by mining waste on Allium cepa.","authors":"Brian Jonathan Young, Martina Dours, Tomás Agustín Rearte, Romina Ingrid Romaniuk, Gonzalo Roqueiro, Pedro Federico Rizzo","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2026.123898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abandoned mines cause environmental and health risks worldwide. Mining waste is characterized by acidic pH and high metal content. This study addressed the combined or individual soil application of dolomite and compost to remediate a soil contaminated with mining waste to evaluate synergistic effects on pH buffering, metal availability, organic complexation, phytotoxicity reduction, and microbial activation. An experimental design was carried out with nine combinations of compost and dolomite doses. Compost increased soil organic matter by 1 and 3%, and dolomite increased soil pH from 2.6 to 4.5 and 6.5. An incubation test was performed for 69 days and microbial activity was monitored. Physicochemical and microbiological parameters were measured, and Allium cepa tests were conducted. Greater microbial biomass (194.2±31.6 mg C/kg) and CO<sub>2</sub> release (176.8±5.6 mg CO<sub>2</sub>-C) were observed in remediated soils with high dolomite and low compost doses (p<0.05). Soils with high dolomite dose were associated with a decrease in electrical conductivity (11.18 to 1.43 mS/cm), redox potential (415 to 240 mV) and toxicity (RGIC<sub>0.8</sub>: 0.12 to >100), but an increase in Pb, Cu and Zn immobilization, pH (2.91 to 7.18) and carbonates (11.41 to 40.95%). Therefore, dolomite application generated a dose-dependent improvement in physicochemical and biological conditions and significantly decreased the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. The combined use of high dolomite and low compost doses (23.63 g dolomite and 4.05 g compost/100 g soil) represents an upper-bound remediation scenario and provides a reference framework for amendment-driven processes in extremely contaminated soils, warranting further validation in small-scale trials before field application.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"123898"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146091640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.123886
Elisa Borroni, Vincenzo Giannico, Paola Monti, Rachele Matsagani, Eva Dariol, Mario Elia, Massimiliano Buoli, Guido Nosari, Alessandro Ceresa, Laura Maria Antonangeli, Valentina Bollati, Giovanni Sanesi, Michele Carugno
Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric condition whose onset and progression may be influenced by environmental factors. Our study investigates the association between greenness exposure and MDD severity, while also exploring the role of air pollutants and temperature.
Methods: Three hundred ninety-six MDD patients were included. MDD severity was assessed using five rating scales. Two- and three-dimensional indicators of urban space were estimated around participants' houses: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Green Volume, Grey Volume, and Normalized Difference Green-Grey Volume Index (NDGG). Annual exposure estimates of air pollutants and temperature were assigned to the participants' residential addresses. Multivariate linear and ordinal regression models were applied to assess associations between exposure variables and MDD severity, adjusting for and stratifying by air pollutants and temperature.
Results: Increasing levels of all urban space indicators (within a 100 m radius), except for Grey Volume, were associated with decreased MDD severity. The strongest effect was observed for Green Volume (e.g., Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAMD]: β = -2.67, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: -4.57; -0.76, for an interquartile range [IQR] increase in the exposure variable). The inverse associations between greenness and MDD severity were confirmed only when values of particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) were below the median (e.g.
, hamd: β = -5.32, 95 %CI: -8.28; -2.36 for an IQR increase in Green Volume). The same occurred with temperature levels below the median.
Conclusions: Green spaces are associated with lower severity of depression, especially when PM2.5 and temperature levels are low.
{"title":"Urban green spaces, air pollution, temperature, and severity of major depressive disorder: results from the FREEDOM study.","authors":"Elisa Borroni, Vincenzo Giannico, Paola Monti, Rachele Matsagani, Eva Dariol, Mario Elia, Massimiliano Buoli, Guido Nosari, Alessandro Ceresa, Laura Maria Antonangeli, Valentina Bollati, Giovanni Sanesi, Michele Carugno","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a psychiatric condition whose onset and progression may be influenced by environmental factors. Our study investigates the association between greenness exposure and MDD severity, while also exploring the role of air pollutants and temperature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three hundred ninety-six MDD patients were included. MDD severity was assessed using five rating scales. Two- and three-dimensional indicators of urban space were estimated around participants' houses: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Green Volume, Grey Volume, and Normalized Difference Green-Grey Volume Index (NDGG). Annual exposure estimates of air pollutants and temperature were assigned to the participants' residential addresses. Multivariate linear and ordinal regression models were applied to assess associations between exposure variables and MDD severity, adjusting for and stratifying by air pollutants and temperature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increasing levels of all urban space indicators (within a 100 m radius), except for Grey Volume, were associated with decreased MDD severity. The strongest effect was observed for Green Volume (e.g., Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAMD]: β = -2.67, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: -4.57; -0.76, for an interquartile range [IQR] increase in the exposure variable). The inverse associations between greenness and MDD severity were confirmed only when values of particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) were below the median (e.g.</p><p><strong>, hamd: </strong>β = -5.32, 95 %CI: -8.28; -2.36 for an IQR increase in Green Volume). The same occurred with temperature levels below the median.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Green spaces are associated with lower severity of depression, especially when PM2.5 and temperature levels are low.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"123886"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146091634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.123902
Zhengtingyan Xiang , Kailong He , Xichen Wang , Junxia Liu , Chaohui Jing , Chonghuai Yan , Susu Wang
Objectives
Cadmium is a persistent toxic metal that may impair child development, yet its effects on growth beyond infancy remain unclear. We examined urinary cadmium (U-Cd) levels and their associations with physical growth among preschool children in China.
Methods
We analyzed data from 10,091 children aged 36–84 months in a nationally representative survey. U-Cd concentrations were creatinine-adjusted and categorized into quartiles. Growth was assessed using WHO Z-scores for height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and BMI-for-age (BAZ). Generalized linear models (GLMs) estimated age-specific growth trajectories from 36 to 72 months. Multivariable linear and penalized logistic regression models evaluated associations with continuous Z-scores and growth disorders (stunting, underweight, obesity). Restricted cubic splines assessed dose–response relationships.
Results
The geometric mean U-Cd was 0.220 μg/g Cr, with higher levels in western provinces and among rural, low-income, and less-educated households. Higher U-Cd was consistently associated with lower predicted height, weight, and BMI across age groups (all P < 0.001). Each 1-unit increase in log10 U-Cd was linked to decreases in HAZ (β = −0.268) and WAZ (β = −0.186), with stronger effects in girls. Elevated U-Cd increased the odds of stunting (OR = 1.395) and reduced the odds of obesity (OR = 0.841). Nonlinear analyses revealed steeper growth declines below 1 μg/g Cr, particularly in girls.
Conclusions
Cadmium exposure in early childhood is associated with impaired linear and ponderal growth, with greater susceptibility observed among girls and socioeconomically disadvantaged children. These findings call for targeted environmental health interventions in high-risk areas and provide evidence relevant to cadmium-affected regions globally.
{"title":"Urinary cadmium and growth faltering in children aged 3–6 years: A nationwide cross-sectional study from China","authors":"Zhengtingyan Xiang , Kailong He , Xichen Wang , Junxia Liu , Chaohui Jing , Chonghuai Yan , Susu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123902","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123902","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Cadmium is a persistent toxic metal that may impair child development, yet its effects on growth beyond infancy remain unclear. We examined urinary cadmium (U-Cd) levels and their associations with physical growth among preschool children in China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed data from 10,091 children aged 36–84 months in a nationally representative survey. U-Cd concentrations were creatinine-adjusted and categorized into quartiles. Growth was assessed using WHO Z-scores for height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and BMI-for-age (BAZ). Generalized linear models (GLMs) estimated age-specific growth trajectories from 36 to 72 months. Multivariable linear and penalized logistic regression models evaluated associations with continuous Z-scores and growth disorders (stunting, underweight, obesity). Restricted cubic splines assessed dose–response relationships.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The geometric mean U-Cd was 0.220 μg/g Cr, with higher levels in western provinces and among rural, low-income, and less-educated households. Higher U-Cd was consistently associated with lower predicted height, weight, and BMI across age groups (all <em>P</em> < 0.001). Each 1-unit increase in log<sub>10</sub> U-Cd was linked to decreases in HAZ (β = −0.268) and WAZ (β = −0.186), with stronger effects in girls. Elevated U-Cd increased the odds of stunting (OR = 1.395) and reduced the odds of obesity (OR = 0.841). Nonlinear analyses revealed steeper growth declines below 1 μg/g Cr, particularly in girls.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Cadmium exposure in early childhood is associated with impaired linear and ponderal growth, with greater susceptibility observed among girls and socioeconomically disadvantaged children. These findings call for targeted environmental health interventions in high-risk areas and provide evidence relevant to cadmium-affected regions globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 123902"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146075686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: There is heterogeneity in the results on prenatal noise exposure and preterm birth risk. Moreover, the health influence of extreme noise (high transients of noise) and noise variability (fluctuation in the intensity) remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the association of prenatal average environmental noise, extreme noise, and noise variability with preterm birth.
Methods: Using equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level (LAeq) data from 100 monitoring sites in Guangzhou, China, the maximum instantaneous A-weighted sound level (LAmax), the 10th percentile of noise level (LA10), and the 90th percentile of noise level (LA90) were calculated. Based on the built environmental noise land use regression models, LAmax, LA10, and LA90 prediction models were constructed. Participants' annual average daytime and nighttime LAeq, LAmax, LA10, and LA90 levels were fitted, and noise climate (NC) and noise exposure index (NEI) were calculated. In this retrospective cohort study, logistic regression was used to examine the associations with preterm birth, reporting odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI). A meta-analysis contextualized the results.
Results: A total of 2762 participants were included, with an average age of 29.34 ± 4.88 years and a preterm birth rate of 1.48 % (41/2762). After adjusting for confounding, NEI (OR = 1.98, 95 %CI: 1.00, 3.91, P = 0.049), LAeq,day (OR = 1.37, 95 %CI: 1.03, 1.82, P = 0.030), LAmax,day (OR = 1.39, 95 %CI: 1.05, 1.84, P = 0.021), and NCday (OR = 1.41, 95 %CI: 1.10, 1.82, P = 0.008) were significantly associated with the risk of preterm birth. LAeq, night (OR = 1.26, 95 %CI: 0.97, 1.63, P = 0.084) and LAmax, night (OR = 1.26, 95 %CI: 0.97, 1.64, P = 0.084) showed a marginally significant association with increased preterm birth risk. Meta-analysis confirmed a significant pooled association (OR = 1.02, 95 %CI: 1.01, 1.03, P < 0.001), with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 50.90 %, P = 0.021).
Conclusion: Environmental noise was significantly associated with the risk of preterm birth. The current study highlights the importance of addressing environmental noise pollution in women at high risk for preterm birth.
{"title":"Association between environmental noise exposure during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth: evidence from a multi-dimensional analysis.","authors":"Guangjun Zheng, Yanyan Fu, Haofeng Zhang, Fudong He, Zhenger Fang, Biying Zhou, Xiu Qin, Lei Sun, Hua Xiao, Xi Fu, Guang Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is heterogeneity in the results on prenatal noise exposure and preterm birth risk. Moreover, the health influence of extreme noise (high transients of noise) and noise variability (fluctuation in the intensity) remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the association of prenatal average environmental noise, extreme noise, and noise variability with preterm birth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level (L<sub>Aeq</sub>) data from 100 monitoring sites in Guangzhou, China, the maximum instantaneous A-weighted sound level (L<sub>Amax</sub>), the 10th percentile of noise level (L<sub>A10</sub>), and the 90th percentile of noise level (L<sub>A90</sub>) were calculated. Based on the built environmental noise land use regression models, L<sub>Amax</sub>, L<sub>A10</sub>, and L<sub>A90</sub> prediction models were constructed. Participants' annual average daytime and nighttime L<sub>Aeq</sub>, L<sub>Amax</sub>, L<sub>A10,</sub> and L<sub>A90</sub> levels were fitted, and noise climate (NC) and noise exposure index (NEI) were calculated. In this retrospective cohort study, logistic regression was used to examine the associations with preterm birth, reporting odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI). A meta-analysis contextualized the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2762 participants were included, with an average age of 29.34 ± 4.88 years and a preterm birth rate of 1.48 % (41/2762). After adjusting for confounding, NEI (OR = 1.98, 95 %CI: 1.00, 3.91, P = 0.049), L<sub>Aeq,day</sub> (OR = 1.37, 95 %CI: 1.03, 1.82, P = 0.030), L<sub>Amax,day</sub> (OR = 1.39, 95 %CI: 1.05, 1.84, P = 0.021), and NC<sub>day</sub> (OR = 1.41, 95 %CI: 1.10, 1.82, P = 0.008) were significantly associated with the risk of preterm birth. L<sub>Aeq, night</sub> (OR = 1.26, 95 %CI: 0.97, 1.63, P = 0.084) and L<sub>Amax, night</sub> (OR = 1.26, 95 %CI: 0.97, 1.64, P = 0.084) showed a marginally significant association with increased preterm birth risk. Meta-analysis confirmed a significant pooled association (OR = 1.02, 95 %CI: 1.01, 1.03, P < 0.001), with moderate heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> = 50.90 %, P = 0.021).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Environmental noise was significantly associated with the risk of preterm birth. The current study highlights the importance of addressing environmental noise pollution in women at high risk for preterm birth.</p>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":" ","pages":"123910"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146091565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-28DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.123808
Nilina James , Mridul Umesh , Suma Sarojini , Sabarathinam Shanmugam , Omaima Nasif , Sulaiman Ali Alharbi , Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi , Kathirvel Brindhadevi
{"title":"Retraction notice to ‘Unravelling the potential plant growth activity of halotolerant Bacillus licheniformis NJ04 isolated from soil and its possible use as a green bioinoculant on Solanum lycopersicum L.’ [Environ. Res. 216 (2023) 114620]","authors":"Nilina James , Mridul Umesh , Suma Sarojini , Sabarathinam Shanmugam , Omaima Nasif , Sulaiman Ali Alharbi , Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi , Kathirvel Brindhadevi","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123808","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123808","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 123808"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146074207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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