As global warming intensifies, the low-carbon transformation of the iron and steel industry becomes crucial for achieving “dual carbon” goals. This study provided a systematic review of the carbon footprint calculation methods for the iron and steel industry based on life cycle assessment (LCA) principles and demonstrates the application of LCA in the source, process, end-use, as well as in cleaner production stages of steel production through specific cases. Results indicated that raw material acquisition contributed 3.9–8.8 % of carbon emissions (primarily from electricity consumption) throughout the entire life cycle of steel production. The blast furnace process dominated (75.0–82.1 % of carbon emissions) in basic oxygen furnace routes, while carbon emissions of electric arc furnace routes were primarily influenced by the electricity consumption intensity of the electric furnace. In the construction sector, carbon emission intensity of steel products was lower than that of wood when the recycling rate of scrap steel exceeded 70.0 %. While aluminum alloys used in car doors had lower life cycle carbon emissions than steel due to their lightweight properties. Cleaner production technologies, such as carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS), sensible heat recovery from blast furnace, and slag reuse, demonstrated significant carbon emission reduction potential, providing critical support for the industry's green transition.
{"title":"Carbon footprint characteristics and reduction strategies of the iron and steel industry: an LCA-based study of source, process, end-use and cleaner production applications","authors":"Feiyan Wu, Jiajia Gao, Yali Tong, Hui Fang, Guoliang Li, Tao Yue","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As global warming intensifies, the low-carbon transformation of the iron and steel industry becomes crucial for achieving “dual carbon” goals. This study provided a systematic review of the carbon footprint calculation methods for the iron and steel industry based on life cycle assessment (LCA) principles and demonstrates the application of LCA in the source, process, end-use, as well as in cleaner production stages of steel production through specific cases. Results indicated that raw material acquisition contributed 3.9–8.8 % of carbon emissions (primarily from electricity consumption) throughout the entire life cycle of steel production. The blast furnace process dominated (75.0–82.1 % of carbon emissions) in basic oxygen furnace routes, while carbon emissions of electric arc furnace routes were primarily influenced by the electricity consumption intensity of the electric furnace. In the construction sector, carbon emission intensity of steel products was lower than that of wood when the recycling rate of scrap steel exceeded 70.0 %. While aluminum alloys used in car doors had lower life cycle carbon emissions than steel due to their lightweight properties. Cleaner production technologies, such as carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS), sensible heat recovery from blast furnace, and slag reuse, demonstrated significant carbon emission reduction potential, providing critical support for the industry's green transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"293 ","pages":"Article 123769"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145984277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.123956
Le Xi , Shilong Jia , Kaixin Chen , Liyun Yang , Xiangang Wu , Jing Zhang , Hao Bai , Tetsuya Nagasaka
In response to the technical challenges associated with the high-temperature activation of fly ash and the reliance on costly metal modifications to synthesize fly ash-based zeolites for As(V) removal, this study introduces a novel crystal structure-oriented synthesis approach. Given the mullite skeleton in fly ash is highly compatible with the Al-O-Si bond angles in the β-cage structure of analcime. Instead, a β-cage structure characteristic of analcime forms via structural reorganization of mullite, involving bond angle adjustments and silicon supplementation. This study thus reports, for the first time, the one-step hydrothermal synthesis of analcime from non-activated fly ash. Furthermore, inexpensive Mg2+ ions were introduced to create Mg-modified analcime (Mg-analcime), a novel synthesis approach. The incorporation of Mg2+ stabilizes the hexagonal ring skeleton through electrostatic interactions and enhances the pore architecture, significantly increasing the specific surface area of Mg-analcime. As(V) removal by Mg-analcime primarily occurs via hydroxyl substitution between Mg-OH and As(V), forming Mg-O-As complexes, achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 154.8 mg/g. Even in the presence of competing ions, Mg-analcime maintains 90% selectivity for As(V) and retains its adsorption capacity after five cycles. This study demonstrates the feasibility of synthesizing Mg-analcime from non-activated fly ash using the crystal structure-oriented strategy, achieving efficient As(V) adsorption capacity, and laying the groundwork for the large-scale production of cost-effective, efficient solid waste-based adsorbents.
针对粉煤灰高温活化的技术挑战，以及依赖昂贵的金属改性来合成粉煤灰基沸石来去除As(V)，本研究引入了一种新的晶体结构导向合成方法。考虑到粉煤灰中的莫来石骨架与铝铝酸钙β笼结构中的Al-O-Si键角高度相容。相反，通过莫来石的结构重组，包括键角调整和硅补充，形成了一种具有钙铝石特征的β笼状结构。因此，本研究首次报道了以非活性粉煤灰为原料一步水热合成氨酰的方法。在此基础上，引入廉价的Mg2+离子制备了镁修饰安能肟（mg -安能肟），这是一种新的合成方法。Mg2+的加入通过静电相互作用稳定了六角形环骨架，增强了孔结构，显著增加了Mg-analcime的比表面积。镁铝胺对As(V)的去除主要通过mg - oh和As(V)之间的羟基取代形成mg - o -As配合物，最大吸附量为154.8 mg/g。即使在竞争离子存在的情况下，Mg-analcime对As(V)仍保持90%的选择性，并在5个循环后保持其吸附能力。本研究证明了利用晶体结构定向策略从非活性粉煤灰中合成镁铝酸盐的可行性，实现了高效的As(V)吸附能力，为大规模生产经济高效的固体废物基吸附剂奠定了基础。
{"title":"Mg-modified analcime crystal structure-orientation constructed from non-activated fly ash for As(V) high-efficiency adsorption in solution","authors":"Le Xi , Shilong Jia , Kaixin Chen , Liyun Yang , Xiangang Wu , Jing Zhang , Hao Bai , Tetsuya Nagasaka","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In response to the technical challenges associated with the high-temperature activation of fly ash and the reliance on costly metal modifications to synthesize fly ash-based zeolites for As(V) removal, this study introduces a novel crystal structure-oriented synthesis approach. Given the mullite skeleton in fly ash is highly compatible with the Al-O-Si bond angles in the β-cage structure of analcime. Instead, a β-cage structure characteristic of analcime forms <em>via</em> structural reorganization of mullite, involving bond angle adjustments and silicon supplementation. This study thus reports, for the first time, the one-step hydrothermal synthesis of analcime from non-activated fly ash. Furthermore, inexpensive Mg<sup>2+</sup> ions were introduced to create Mg-modified analcime (Mg-analcime), a novel synthesis approach. The incorporation of Mg<sup>2+</sup> stabilizes the hexagonal ring skeleton through electrostatic interactions and enhances the pore architecture, significantly increasing the specific surface area of Mg-analcime. As(V) removal by Mg-analcime primarily occurs <em>via</em> hydroxyl substitution between Mg-OH and As(V), forming Mg-O-As complexes, achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 154.8 mg/g. Even in the presence of competing ions, Mg-analcime maintains 90% selectivity for As(V) and retains its adsorption capacity after five cycles. This study demonstrates the feasibility of synthesizing Mg-analcime from non-activated fly ash using the crystal structure-oriented strategy, achieving efficient As(V) adsorption capacity, and laying the groundwork for the large-scale production of cost-effective, efficient solid waste-based adsorbents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 123956"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146148688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-01-08DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.123739
Azahara M. García-Serna , Elena Martín-Orozco , Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero , Trinidad Hernández-Caselles , Esther Cantero-Cano , María del Carmen Elena , Jesús Soler-Sánchez , Luis García-Marcos , Eva Morales , on behalf of the NELA Study group
Objective
To examine the associations between in utero exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (TRAP) and cytokine responses to stimuli in newborns.
Methods
Luminex technology was used to assess cytokine responses in umbilical cord blood of 235 newborns of the NELA cohort. Samples were cultured with mitogens, pathogen associated with molecular patterns (PAMPs) stimuli and common environmental allergens. Dispersion/chemical transport modelling was used to estimate in utero residential exposures to traffic-related nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) and ozone (O3). Multivariable linear regression models were fitted.
Results
Per 10 μg/m3 increase of NO2, IL-6 increased in response to mitogens Concanavalin A (12.5 %, 95 % CI: 3.6, 21.4) and Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) (14.9 %, 95 % CI: 7.3, 22.5); to PAMPs Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (11.6 %, 95 % CI: 3.8, 19.5), Peptidoglycan (PG) (12.0 %, 95 % CI: 4.1, 20.0) and pI:C (13.0 %, 95 % CI: 4.9, 21.2); and to allergens Der pT (11.6 %, 95 % CI: 3.4, 19.9) and olive extract (9.7 %, 95 % CI: 0.4, 19.0). IL-6 response to PHA also increased in relation to PM (19.0 % per 5 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, 95 % CI: 5.5, 32.5; and 20.2 % per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10, 95 % CI: 6.0, 34.4). Per 10 μg/m3 increase of NO2, IFN-α responses to PHA and PG increased by 7.5 % (95 % CI: 0.6, 14.5) and 7.6 % (95 % CI: 0.1, 15.1), respectively. NO2 was also associated with an increased Th1-related IFN-γ response to Concanavalin A (7.5 % per 10 μg/m3 increase, 95 % CI: 0.1, 14.9) and decreased Th2-related IL-5 response to PAMPs PG (−6.7 %, 95 % CI: −12.8, −0.7) and pI:C (−7.6 %, 95 % CI: −14.2, −0.9).
Conclusion
Prenatal exposure to TRAP may promote higher proinflammatory and Th1-related and lower Th2-related cytokine responses to stimuli in the offspring.
{"title":"Traffic-related air pollution in utero modifies cytokine responses to stimuli of umbilical cord blood cells: a cohort study","authors":"Azahara M. García-Serna , Elena Martín-Orozco , Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero , Trinidad Hernández-Caselles , Esther Cantero-Cano , María del Carmen Elena , Jesús Soler-Sánchez , Luis García-Marcos , Eva Morales , on behalf of the NELA Study group","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine the associations between in utero exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (TRAP) and cytokine responses to stimuli in newborns.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Luminex technology was used to assess cytokine responses in umbilical cord blood of 235 newborns of the NELA cohort. Samples were cultured with mitogens, pathogen associated with molecular patterns (PAMPs) stimuli and common environmental allergens. Dispersion/chemical transport modelling was used to estimate in utero residential exposures to traffic-related nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>) and ozone (O<sub>3</sub>). Multivariable linear regression models were fitted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Per 10 μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase of NO<sub>2</sub>, IL-6 increased in response to mitogens Concanavalin A (12.5 %, 95 % CI: 3.6, 21.4) and Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) (14.9 %, 95 % CI: 7.3, 22.5); to PAMPs Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (11.6 %, 95 % CI: 3.8, 19.5), Peptidoglycan (PG) (12.0 %, 95 % CI: 4.1, 20.0) and pI:C (13.0 %, 95 % CI: 4.9, 21.2); and to allergens Der pT (11.6 %, 95 % CI: 3.4, 19.9) and olive extract (9.7 %, 95 % CI: 0.4, 19.0). IL-6 response to PHA also increased in relation to PM (19.0 % per 5 μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase in PM<sub>2.5</sub>, 95 % CI: 5.5, 32.5; and 20.2 % per 10 μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase in PM<sub>10</sub>, 95 % CI: 6.0, 34.4). Per 10 μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase of NO<sub>2</sub>, IFN-α responses to PHA and PG increased by 7.5 % (95 % CI: 0.6, 14.5) and 7.6 % (95 % CI: 0.1, 15.1), respectively. NO<sub>2</sub> was also associated with an increased Th1-related IFN-γ response to Concanavalin A (7.5 % per 10 μg/m<sup>3</sup> increase, 95 % CI: 0.1, 14.9) and decreased Th2-related IL-5 response to PAMPs PG (−6.7 %, 95 % CI: −12.8, −0.7) and pI:C (−7.6 %, 95 % CI: −14.2, −0.9).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Prenatal exposure to TRAP may promote higher proinflammatory and Th1-related and lower Th2-related cytokine responses to stimuli in the offspring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"293 ","pages":"Article 123739"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145948329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.123979
Wenting Sun , Shiyu Bian , Geng Li , Shuqi Peng , Yuwei Pan , Ming Zhang , Weinan Xing , Xin Huang , Guangyu Wu
Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) worked well as activators for peroxymonosulfate (PMS). However, PBAs tended to fall short in electron transfer efficiency and degradation performance, which to a certain extent limited their practical use. In this study, Ni-Co-P, Ni-Co@Fe-P and Ni-Co@Fe-Co-P were synthesized by a combination of coprecipitation methodology and a phosphorylation procedure mediated by an interface-induced contraction mechanism. Ni-Co@Fe-Co-P enabled the degradation of tetracycline (TC) by PMS activation. Experiments showed that in the Ni-Co@Fe-Co-P/PMS system, the degradation efficiency of TC hit 96.4% within 20 min. Employing multiple techniques to characterize the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance of Ni-Co@Fe-Co-P, while also clarifying the reaction mechanism and assessing the catalyst's adaptability to different aquatic environments. In the Ni-Co@Fe-Co-P/PMS system, SO4•- and •OH were the main reactive species. Using HPLC-MS and T.E.S.T., this research analyzed and predicted the intermediate substances during TC's degradation and their biological toxicity. This research provided guidance for the development of efficient, stable and economically viable catalytic materials for PMS activation to support environmental purification efforts.
{"title":"Activation of peroxymonosulfate by nickel-cobalt-based PBAs and their derivatives for tetracycline degradation: Degradation mechanism and toxicological evaluation","authors":"Wenting Sun , Shiyu Bian , Geng Li , Shuqi Peng , Yuwei Pan , Ming Zhang , Weinan Xing , Xin Huang , Guangyu Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prussian blue analogs (PBAs) worked well as activators for peroxymonosulfate (PMS). However, PBAs tended to fall short in electron transfer efficiency and degradation performance, which to a certain extent limited their practical use. In this study, Ni-Co-P, Ni-Co@Fe-P and Ni-Co@Fe-Co-P were synthesized by a combination of coprecipitation methodology and a phosphorylation procedure mediated by an interface-induced contraction mechanism. Ni-Co@Fe-Co-P enabled the degradation of tetracycline (TC) by PMS activation. Experiments showed that in the Ni-Co@Fe-Co-P/PMS system, the degradation efficiency of TC hit 96.4% within 20 min. Employing multiple techniques to characterize the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance of Ni-Co@Fe-Co-P, while also clarifying the reaction mechanism and assessing the catalyst's adaptability to different aquatic environments. In the Ni-Co@Fe-Co-P/PMS system, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>•-</sup> and <sup>•</sup>OH were the main reactive species. Using HPLC-MS and T.E.S.T., this research analyzed and predicted the intermediate substances during TC's degradation and their biological toxicity. This research provided guidance for the development of efficient, stable and economically viable catalytic materials for PMS activation to support environmental purification efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 123979"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146140527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-01-05DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.123669
Lihong Mou , Shurui Cao , Yao Tang , Jie Tian , Hongtao Su , Zhiqiong Chen
Adsorbent materials effectively separated psychoactive substances from the ambient medium through adsorption, serving as a sustainable removal strategy. In this study, a novel magnetic biochar was developed using waste shrimp shells as the raw material, through hydrochloric acid activation, Fe doping, pyrolysis, and deep eutectic solvent (DES) functionalization. The prepared adsorbents (MSBC-PG, MSBC-PA, MSBC-LA) possessed a hierarchical pore structure and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups. Among them, MSBC-PG exhibited a BET surface area of 176.9 m2 g−1, a total pore volume of 0.25 cm3 g−1, and a maximum adsorption capacity for morphine of 1186.4 μg g−1. The adsorption behavior of morphine on the material was well-described by the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, confirming a spontaneous and endothermic process involving both chemical and physical adsorption. MSBC-PG maintained stable adsorption performance across a pH range of 4–10, exhibited minimal interference from humic acid and urea, and retained over 85 % efficiency after five regeneration cycles. Post-adsorption characterization, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and SHAP analysis collectively revealed that the adsorption mechanism involved the synergistic effects of pore filling, hydrogen bonding, and π–π interactions, with oxygen-containing functional groups playing a decisive role. A machine learning model based on gradient boosting decision trees (R2 = 0.99) further identified oxygen content, initial concentration, and contact time as key factors governing the adsorption process. This study provided an effective strategy for designing sustainable shrimp shell-based adsorbents to remediate opioid-contaminated water bodies.
{"title":"Elucidating hydrogen bonding and synergistic adsorption mechanisms of morphine on deep eutectic solvent-functionalized biochar through machine learning and density functional theory","authors":"Lihong Mou , Shurui Cao , Yao Tang , Jie Tian , Hongtao Su , Zhiqiong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.123669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.123669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adsorbent materials effectively separated psychoactive substances from the ambient medium through adsorption, serving as a sustainable removal strategy. In this study, a novel magnetic biochar was developed using waste shrimp shells as the raw material, through hydrochloric acid activation, Fe doping, pyrolysis, and deep eutectic solvent (DES) functionalization. The prepared adsorbents (MSBC-PG, MSBC-PA, MSBC-LA) possessed a hierarchical pore structure and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups. Among them, MSBC-PG exhibited a BET surface area of 176.9 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>, a total pore volume of 0.25 cm<sup>3</sup> g<sup>−1</sup>, and a maximum adsorption capacity for morphine of 1186.4 μg g<sup>−1</sup>. The adsorption behavior of morphine on the material was well-described by the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order kinetic models, confirming a spontaneous and endothermic process involving both chemical and physical adsorption. MSBC-PG maintained stable adsorption performance across a pH range of 4–10, exhibited minimal interference from humic acid and urea, and retained over 85 % efficiency after five regeneration cycles. Post-adsorption characterization, density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and SHAP analysis collectively revealed that the adsorption mechanism involved the synergistic effects of pore filling, hydrogen bonding, and π–π interactions, with oxygen-containing functional groups playing a decisive role. A machine learning model based on gradient boosting decision trees (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.99) further identified oxygen content, initial concentration, and contact time as key factors governing the adsorption process. This study provided an effective strategy for designing sustainable shrimp shell-based adsorbents to remediate opioid-contaminated water bodies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"293 ","pages":"Article 123669"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2025.123624
Juan F. Quinones , Tobias Banaschewski , Arun L.W. Bokde , Sylvane Desrivières , Herta Flor , Hugh Garavan , Penny Gowland , Antoine Grigis , Andreas Heinz , Herve Lemaitre , Jean-Luc Martinot , Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot , Eric Artiges , Frauke Nees , Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos , Luise Poustka , Michael N. Smolka , Sarah Hohmann , Nathalie Holz , Nilakshi Vaidya , Simone Kühn
Growing evidence suggests that physical environmental features at the neighborhood level are linked to brain structure during human development. In a context of accelerated urbanization, climate change and technological transformations, assessing how environmental changes relate to brain development is critical. Most studies to date, however, used cross-sectional data only and focused on a reduced set of environmental and brain features. The present study investigates whether macroenvironmental and brain changes are associated during adolescence. We used structural equation models and regularized multivariate path analysis to identify macroenvironmental features that predict changes in whole-brain structural features in a sample of 368 individuals from the IMAGEN study (https://www.imagen-project.org/), who were assessed at 14 and 22 years of age. We observed characteristic brain developmental changes and substantial individual differences in change in 15 macroenvironmental features. Path analysis showed that changes in a handful of these variables, for instance tree cover density, presence of water bodies and air pollution, significantly predict changes in cortical thickness, structural connectivity and gray and white matter volumes over adolescence.
{"title":"Developing brains and changing worlds: Macroenvironmental changes and their association with brain development","authors":"Juan F. Quinones , Tobias Banaschewski , Arun L.W. Bokde , Sylvane Desrivières , Herta Flor , Hugh Garavan , Penny Gowland , Antoine Grigis , Andreas Heinz , Herve Lemaitre , Jean-Luc Martinot , Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot , Eric Artiges , Frauke Nees , Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos , Luise Poustka , Michael N. Smolka , Sarah Hohmann , Nathalie Holz , Nilakshi Vaidya , Simone Kühn","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.123624","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2025.123624","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Growing evidence suggests that physical environmental features at the neighborhood level are linked to brain structure during human development. In a context of accelerated urbanization, climate change and technological transformations, assessing how environmental changes relate to brain development is critical. Most studies to date, however, used cross-sectional data only and focused on a reduced set of environmental and brain features. The present study investigates whether macroenvironmental and brain changes are associated during adolescence. We used structural equation models and regularized multivariate path analysis to identify macroenvironmental features that predict changes in whole-brain structural features in a sample of 368 individuals from the IMAGEN study (<span><span>https://www.imagen-project.org/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>), who were assessed at 14 and 22 years of age. We observed characteristic brain developmental changes and substantial individual differences in change in 15 macroenvironmental features. Path analysis showed that changes in a handful of these variables, for instance tree cover density, presence of water bodies and air pollution, significantly predict changes in cortical thickness, structural connectivity and gray and white matter volumes over adolescence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"293 ","pages":"Article 123624"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.123736
Keqing Liang , Xiao Deng , Ye Jin , Jianxiong Hu , Ruoyi Zhang , Guanhao He , Yuan Fang , Leilei Duan , Yuan Wang , Tao Liu , Pengpeng Ye , Weiquan Zeng , Aga Zheng , Shanghui Ye , Xuming Guo , Mengen Guo , Yuliang Er , Wenjun Ma
Injury is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children, yet evidence on the influence of ambient temperature on childhood injury remains limited. This study quantified the association between temperature and child injury across age groups in China from 2006 to 2021 and projected the future burden attributable to temperature under climate change scenarios. Injury data were derived from the National Injury Surveillance System, and meteorological data were obtained from the fifth generation of the European ReAnalysis-Land dataset. Conditional logistic regression combined with distributed lag non-linear models was used to estimate temperature–injury associations, with stratified analyses by sex, injury mechanism, and location. A total of 1,849,211 injury cases among children were included. Temperature showed an approximately linear relationship with injury risk, with a 1.14 % (95 %CI: 1.08 %, 1.20 %) increase in child injury risk for each 1 °C rise. Children aged 2–4 years were most vulnerable, exhibiting a 1.36 % (95 %CI: 1.24 %, 1.48 %) excess risk. Under the SSP5-8.5 scenario, the temperature-attributable fraction for this group is projected to increase from 0.58 % (95 %CI: 0.53 %, 0.62 %) in the 2020s to 6.87 % (95 %CI: 6.27 %, 7.54 %) in the 2090s. Traffic injuries accounted for the largest burden among children aged 0–9 years, while sharp instrument injuries predominated in those aged 10–14 years. These findings indicate that rising ambient temperatures substantially increase childhood injury risk, particularly among younger age groups, and that climate change may amplify the future burden of temperature-related injuries in China.
{"title":"Age-specific disparities in temperature-related injury risks and burdens among Chinese children","authors":"Keqing Liang , Xiao Deng , Ye Jin , Jianxiong Hu , Ruoyi Zhang , Guanhao He , Yuan Fang , Leilei Duan , Yuan Wang , Tao Liu , Pengpeng Ye , Weiquan Zeng , Aga Zheng , Shanghui Ye , Xuming Guo , Mengen Guo , Yuliang Er , Wenjun Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123736","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123736","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Injury is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children, yet evidence on the influence of ambient temperature on childhood injury remains limited. This study quantified the association between temperature and child injury across age groups in China from 2006 to 2021 and projected the future burden attributable to temperature under climate change scenarios. Injury data were derived from the National Injury Surveillance System, and meteorological data were obtained from the fifth generation of the European ReAnalysis-Land dataset. Conditional logistic regression combined with distributed lag non-linear models was used to estimate temperature–injury associations, with stratified analyses by sex, injury mechanism, and location. A total of 1,849,211 injury cases among children were included. Temperature showed an approximately linear relationship with injury risk, with a 1.14 % (95 %CI: 1.08 %, 1.20 %) increase in child injury risk for each 1 °C rise. Children aged 2–4 years were most vulnerable, exhibiting a 1.36 % (95 %CI: 1.24 %, 1.48 %) excess risk. Under the SSP5-8.5 scenario, the temperature-attributable fraction for this group is projected to increase from 0.58 % (95 %CI: 0.53 %, 0.62 %) in the 2020s to 6.87 % (95 %CI: 6.27 %, 7.54 %) in the 2090s. Traffic injuries accounted for the largest burden among children aged 0–9 years, while sharp instrument injuries predominated in those aged 10–14 years. These findings indicate that rising ambient temperatures substantially increase childhood injury risk, particularly among younger age groups, and that climate change may amplify the future burden of temperature-related injuries in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"293 ","pages":"Article 123736"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145994104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-01-23DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.123791
Katherine Pullella , Vicky C. Chang , Vasily Giannakeas , Jan Lubiński , Shelley A. Harris , Anthony J. Hanley , Steven A. Narod , Joanne Kotsopoulos
Introduction
Arsenic is an established carcinogen for skin, bladder and lung cancers; however, the relationship between arsenic exposure and breast cancer risk is not well defined. Previous studies focused on populations exposed to high arsenic, and the impact of persistent, low-level exposure remains unclear. This study evaluated the association between urinary arsenic levels and breast cancer risk among Canadian women.
Methods
Demographic information and urinary arsenic biomarkers (μg/L) from Cycles 1–5 (2007–2017) of the Canadian Health Measures Survey were analyzed. Arsenic exposure was categorized into quartiles. Incident breast cancers (invasive, lobular, and ductal carcinoma in situ) were ascertained through linkage to the Canadian Cancer Registry and Discharge Abstract Database. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) of arsenic exposure and breast cancer risk.
Results
The analysis represented 6,070,000 women, with 73,700 incident breast cancers identified over 6.6 years of follow-up. The geometric mean for urinary arsenic was 10.7 μg/L (range: 2.70–84.83 μg/L). Women in the highest quartile of total urinary arsenic levels (≥21.8 μg/L) had a three-fold increased risk of developing breast cancer compared to women with lower levels (HR = 3.06, 95 % CI 1.10–8.49, P-value = 0.03).
Conclusions
This represents the first analysis of arsenic levels and breast cancer risk in a nationally representative, Canadian cohort. Findings suggest that exposure to arsenic, even at low levels, may be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, underscoring the need for population-level interventions to reduce the breast cancer burden in Canada.
{"title":"Urinary arsenic levels and risk of breast cancer among women in the Canadian health measures survey: a population-based prospective study","authors":"Katherine Pullella , Vicky C. Chang , Vasily Giannakeas , Jan Lubiński , Shelley A. Harris , Anthony J. Hanley , Steven A. Narod , Joanne Kotsopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Arsenic is an established carcinogen for skin, bladder and lung cancers; however, the relationship between arsenic exposure and breast cancer risk is not well defined. Previous studies focused on populations exposed to high arsenic, and the impact of persistent, low-level exposure remains unclear. This study evaluated the association between urinary arsenic levels and breast cancer risk among Canadian women.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Demographic information and urinary arsenic biomarkers (μg/L) from Cycles 1–5 (2007–2017) of the Canadian Health Measures Survey were analyzed. Arsenic exposure was categorized into quartiles. Incident breast cancers (invasive, lobular, and ductal carcinoma in situ) were ascertained through linkage to the Canadian Cancer Registry and Discharge Abstract Database. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) of arsenic exposure and breast cancer risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis represented 6,070,000 women, with 73,700 incident breast cancers identified over 6.6 years of follow-up. The geometric mean for urinary arsenic was 10.7 μg/L (range: 2.70–84.83 μg/L). Women in the highest quartile of total urinary arsenic levels (≥21.8 μg/L) had a three-fold increased risk of developing breast cancer compared to women with lower levels (HR = 3.06, 95 % CI 1.10–8.49, <em>P-</em>value = 0.03).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This represents the first analysis of arsenic levels and breast cancer risk in a nationally representative, Canadian cohort. Findings suggest that exposure to arsenic, even at low levels, may be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, underscoring the need for population-level interventions to reduce the breast cancer burden in Canada.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 123791"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146045804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-15Epub Date: 2026-01-30DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2026.123920
Huijia Zhang , Yongming Han , Yalan Tang , Ulrike Dusek , Dewen Lei , Sarah L. Roberts , Neil L. Rose , Dongna Yan
Spheroidal carbonaceous particles (SCPs) and fossil fuel-derived soot (FF soot) in sediments are valuable proxies for reconstructing industrial emissions and understanding the multi-scale impacts of anthropogenic forcing on Earth systems. However, a systematic comparison of their initial deposition timing, flux peaks, and temporal patterns across lacustrine sedimentary records remains poorly constrained, leading to significant gaps in the understanding of the underlying drivers of these sedimentary signals. This study compared sediment records of these proxies from two maar lakes, Sihailongwan in northeastern China and Huguangyan in southeastern China, revealing how their signals exhibit synchronous patterns on a global scale while demonstrating complex heterogeneity at the regional scale due to differences in geographical location, climate systems, and industrialization pathways. Results showed that both SCP and FF soot fluxes in Sihailongwan began to rise in the 1950s, reaching a peak during China's rapid industrialization. In contrast, Huguangyan exhibited increasing fluxes only after the 1980s, synchronous with accelerated economic development in southeastern coastal regions, and culminating around 2010 CE, thereby reflecting intensified industrial activity and urbanization in this area. Notably, in both sediment records, the SCP peak occurred systematically earlier than the FF soot peak. This temporal offset likely reflects their representation of different industrialization phases and emission sources: SCPs derive mainly from industrial coal combustion, which peaked earlier, whereas FF soot also incorporates emissions from transportation fuels that rose later. Thus, these differences highlight the spatiotemporal evolution of energy structures and pollutant types throughout China's industrialization, especially those associated with black carbon. These findings offer important insights for selecting appropriate indicators to define the onset of the mid-20th century Anthropocene at varying spatial scales, and enhance our understanding of anthropogenic impacts from a micro-particle perspective.
{"title":"Comparisons of industrial emission signatures recorded by spheroidal carbonaceous particles and fossil fuel soot from maar lake sediments in Northeastern and Southeastern China","authors":"Huijia Zhang , Yongming Han , Yalan Tang , Ulrike Dusek , Dewen Lei , Sarah L. Roberts , Neil L. Rose , Dongna Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envres.2026.123920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spheroidal carbonaceous particles (SCPs) and fossil fuel-derived soot (FF soot) in sediments are valuable proxies for reconstructing industrial emissions and understanding the multi-scale impacts of anthropogenic forcing on Earth systems. However, a systematic comparison of their initial deposition timing, flux peaks, and temporal patterns across lacustrine sedimentary records remains poorly constrained, leading to significant gaps in the understanding of the underlying drivers of these sedimentary signals. This study compared sediment records of these proxies from two maar lakes, Sihailongwan in northeastern China and Huguangyan in southeastern China, revealing how their signals exhibit synchronous patterns on a global scale while demonstrating complex heterogeneity at the regional scale due to differences in geographical location, climate systems, and industrialization pathways. Results showed that both SCP and FF soot fluxes in Sihailongwan began to rise in the 1950s, reaching a peak during China's rapid industrialization. In contrast, Huguangyan exhibited increasing fluxes only after the 1980s, synchronous with accelerated economic development in southeastern coastal regions, and culminating around 2010 CE, thereby reflecting intensified industrial activity and urbanization in this area. Notably, in both sediment records, the SCP peak occurred systematically earlier than the FF soot peak. This temporal offset likely reflects their representation of different industrialization phases and emission sources: SCPs derive mainly from industrial coal combustion, which peaked earlier, whereas FF soot also incorporates emissions from transportation fuels that rose later. Thus, these differences highlight the spatiotemporal evolution of energy structures and pollutant types throughout China's industrialization, especially those associated with black carbon. These findings offer important insights for selecting appropriate indicators to define the onset of the mid-20th century Anthropocene at varying spatial scales, and enhance our understanding of anthropogenic impacts from a micro-particle perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":312,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 123920"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146099556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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