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Climate change disclosures: An examination of Canadian oil and gas firms 气候变化披露:对加拿大石油和天然气公司的考察
Pub Date : 2011-12-31 DOI: 10.22164/ISEA.V5I2.61
Sylvie Berthelot, A. Robert
The purpose of this paper is to examine: (1) to what extent Canadian oil and gas firms have adhered to the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountant proposed guidelines respecting climate change disclosures in their annual reports, and (2) whether the disclosures of these firms can be influenced by their media visibility, the presence and operating characteristics of an environmental committee within the board of directors, their ownership structure, their audit firms, their political exposure and media visibility. The results show that the level of disclosure is very low; however, when the board of directors has an environment committee, the level of disclosure is higher. This is also the case for firms having significant political exposure and strong media visibility, and for those with a widely held ownership structure. Whether or not the audit firm is one of the Big Four, does not make any difference in the level of disclosure.
本文的目的是研究:(1)加拿大石油和天然气公司在多大程度上遵守了加拿大特许会计师协会提出的关于在其年度报告中披露气候变化的指导方针,以及(2)这些公司的披露是否会受到其媒体知名度、董事会中环境委员会的存在和运作特征、其所有权结构、其审计公司、其政治曝光和媒体知名度的影响。结果表明:企业信息披露水平很低;然而,如果董事会设有环境委员会,披露水平就会更高。对于那些具有重大政治风险和强大媒体知名度的公司,以及那些拥有广泛所有权结构的公司来说,情况也是如此。无论审计公司是否是四大之一,披露的水平都不会有任何差异。
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引用次数: 111
Managing Supplier Requirements with HSE Accounting: The case of the Mechanical Engineering Company Bisma Jaya, Indonesia 用HSE会计管理供应商需求:以印尼Bisma Jaya机械工程公司为例
Pub Date : 2011-12-31 DOI: 10.22164/ISEA.V5I2.60
S. Schaltegger, C. Herzig
As recent disasters in the offshore petroleum and other industries illustrate, managing HSE isparticularly relevant for companies operating in high risk industrial sectors. HSE managementsystems support companies in minimising adverse health effects, injuries and environmentaldamages as well as in complying with legislation, standards and stakeholder expectations. Keyelements are risk assessment and control through implementation of preventive and protectivemeasures, the preparation of emergency situations and investigation of accidents. HSE managementsystems have also become a common element of supply chain audits and management. Toincrease transparency in their supply chains and to reduce risks, large companies aim at aligningcompliance of suppliers with their health, safety and environment (HSE) goals and policy.This paper shows with the case of Bisma Jaya, an Indonesian mechanical engineering company,how accounting for HSE can support small and medium sized suppliers to meet the requirementsof large international customers. This paper proposes a framework for HSE managementaccounting and examines the use of management accounting to improve the HSE performanceof an Indonesian company as a response to customer audit requirements. The companyis a supplier of a large oil company and seeks for effective and efficient ways of HSE improvement.The paper unfolds benefits and limitations of narrow efficiency-oriented responsesto rating systems and audits and highlights that efficiency considerations in HSE managementare only partially useful and require complementing effectiveness considerations on HSE performance. Copyright © www.iiste.org
正如最近发生在海上石油和其他行业的灾难所表明的那样,管理HSE对于在高风险行业运营的公司尤为重要。HSE管理体系支持公司最大限度地减少对健康的不利影响、伤害和环境损害,并遵守法律、标准和利益相关者的期望。关键要素是通过实施预防和保护措施来评估和控制风险、准备应对紧急情况和调查事故。HSE管理体系也已成为供应链审计和管理的共同要素。为了提高供应链的透明度并降低风险,大公司的目标是使供应商符合其健康、安全和环境(HSE)目标和政策。本文以印尼机械工程公司Bisma Jaya为例,展示了HSE会计如何支持中小型供应商满足大型国际客户的要求。本文提出了一个HSE管理会计框架,并研究了管理会计的使用,以提高印尼公司的HSE绩效,以响应客户的审计要求。该公司是一家大型石油公司的供应商,寻求有效和高效的HSE改进方法。本文揭示了对评级系统和审计的狭隘的以效率为导向的回应的好处和局限性,并强调了HSE管理中的效率考虑只是部分有用的,需要补充对HSE绩效的有效性考虑。Â版权所有©www.iiste.org
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引用次数: 4
Companies' Ethical Commitment: An Analysis Of The Rhetoric In CSR Reports 企业道德承诺:企业社会责任报告中的修辞分析
Pub Date : 2011-06-30 DOI: 10.22164/ISEA.V5I1.55
C. D. Ditlev-Simonsen, Søren H. Wenstøp
This paper investigates rhetoric applied in 80 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reports in2005. A taxonomy of five distinct rhetorical strategies for describing the purpose of CSR isapplied; Agency (profit), Benefit (collective welfare), Compliance (laws and contracts), Duty(duties), and Ethos (virtue). The findings reveal that very different rhetoric is applied. Ethos isthe most common ethical perspective expressed in the reports, Benefit and Agency are on secondand third place. Specific patterns of ethical reasoning appear to be common, while otherpossible reasoning strategies are rare. The most prevalent pattern of ethical reasoning is to linkAgency and Benefit perspectives, claiming that Benefit is done for the sake of Agency. Thesefindings constitute a new approach in CSR research.
本文对2005年80份企业社会责任报告中的修辞手法进行了研究。本文采用了五种不同的修辞策略来描述企业社会责任的目的;Agency(利润)、Benefit(集体福利)、Compliance(法律和合同)、Duty(责任)和Ethos(美德)。研究结果显示,他们使用了截然不同的修辞手法。Ethos是报告中最常见的道德观点,Benefit和Agency排在第二和第三位。特定的道德推理模式似乎很常见,而其他可能的推理策略却很少。最普遍的道德推理模式是将代理和利益观点联系起来,声称利益是为了代理而做的。这些发现为企业社会责任研究提供了新的思路。
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引用次数: 17
Quality in Qualitative Studies: The Case of Validity, Reliability and Generalizability 质性研究的品质:效度、信度与普遍性的案例
Pub Date : 2011-06-30 DOI: 10.22164/ISEA.V5I1.59
Azham Md. Ali, H. Yusof
The concern over the subject of quality judgement of qualitative research has led to the emergenceof several varied positions. Whichever labels used in describing the positions, each has adistinctive character. To attempt to an understanding of the meaning of the quality criteria ofvalidity, reliability and generalizability in qualitative research, this paper provides a review ofrelevant literature of recent years. To check on the extent of their reporting in research papers, atotal of 15 accounting research recently published in top-ranked accounting journals have beenselected. Except for one paper, the rest has failed to provide detailed discussion on the validity,reliability and generalizability of their research. But this would not necessarily mean that theconcerned researchers have disregarded the aspects of validity, reliability and generalizabilityduring the conduct of their research. Perhaps the only way to find out the truth is by asking theresearchers themselves the relevant questions. Copyright © www.iiste.org
对质性研究质量判断问题的关注导致了几种不同立场的出现。无论用哪一种标签来描述这些位置,每一种都有其独特的特征。为了理解效度、信度和概括性等质量标准在定性研究中的意义,本文对近年来的相关文献进行了综述。为了检查他们在研究论文中的报告程度,我们选择了最近在顶级会计期刊上发表的15项会计研究。除了一篇论文外,其余的都没有对其研究的效度、信度和概括性进行详细的讨论。但这并不一定意味着相关研究人员在研究过程中忽视了有效性、可靠性和概括性。也许找出真相的唯一方法就是向研究人员自己提出相关的问题。Â版权所有©www.iiste.org
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引用次数: 195
Public Governance Quality and Tax Compliance Behavior in Nigeria: The Moderating Role of Financial Condition and Risk Preference 尼日利亚公共治理质量与税收合规行为:财务状况和风险偏好的调节作用
Pub Date : 2011-06-30 DOI: 10.22164/ISEA.V5I1.54
J. O. Alabede, Z. Z. Ariffin, K. Idris
To have better understanding of compliance behavior of individual taxpayers in developingcountries especially Nigeria, this study is undertaken primarily to test relationship between taxpayers’perception about public governance quality and their compliance behavior as well as todetermine whether the relationship is moderated by financial condition and risk preference individuallyand jointly. This study involved a survey of individual taxpayers’ opinion, perceptionand behavior about public governance quality as well as tax compliance. The major finding ofthis study is that public governance quality has significant positive relationship with tax compliancebehavior. The study also indicates that risk preference has strong negative moderatingeffect on the relationship between public governance quality and tax compliance behavior. Administrationof income tax in Nigeria is characterized by low compliance level and therefore,there is no doubt that improvement in public governance quality would contribute significantlyin reawakening the culture of tax compliance among individual taxpayers in Nigeria. Empirically,nothing much is known in tax compliance literature about the influence of public governancequality on tax compliance behavior of individual taxpayers as well as the moderating effectof financial condition and risk preference on tax compliance and its determinants. Thisstudy extended tax compliance model to incorporate public governance quality and moderatingeffects of financial condition and risk preference. Copyright © www.iiste.org
为了更好地了解发展中国家特别是尼日利亚的纳税人个人的合规行为,本研究主要是为了测试纳税人对公共治理质量的€感知与其合规行为之间的关系,以及确定这种关系是否受到财务状况和风险偏好的单独和共同调节。本研究调查了个别纳税人对公共治理质量和税收合规的看法、感知和行为。本研究的主要发现是公共治理质量与税务合规行为存在显著的正相关关系。研究还表明,风险偏好对公共治理质量与税收合规行为之间的关系具有较强的负向调节作用。尼日利亚所得税管理的特点是合规水平较低,因此,毫无疑问,提高公共治理质量将大大有助于重新唤醒尼日利亚个人纳税人的税收合规文化。实证方面,税收合规文献对公共治理平等对纳税人个人税收合规行为的影响以及财务状况和风险偏好对税收合规及其决定因素的调节作用知之甚少。本研究扩展税务遵从模型,纳入公共治理品质、财务状况与风险偏好的调节效应。Â版权所有©www.iiste.org
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引用次数: 39
The Effect of Service Delivery Performance and Corporate Social Responsibility on Institutional Image and Competitive Advantage and its Implication on Customer Trust 服务提供绩效和企业社会责任对机构形象和竞争优势的影响及其对顾客信任的影响
Pub Date : 2010-12-31 DOI: 10.22164/ISEA.V4I2.53
Y. Purwanto
This paper investigates private hospitals performance measured by service delivery, corporatesocial responsibility, institutional image and competitive advantage with the effect towardscustomer trust. The data was collected from 420 patients from 21 private hospitals in Solo Rayaincluding Solo city, and 6 regencies: Boyolali, Klaten, Sukoharjo, Wonogiri, Karanganyar, andSragen. This study indicates that service delivery performance and corporate social responsibilityis lesser and lower than patients hope for. Private hospitals in Solo Raya do not yet valueimage, competitive advantage, and customer trust. Service delivery performance and corporatesocial responsibility have positive effects towards institutional image and competitive advantage.Institutional image and competitive advantage have reciprocal effects. The effect of servicedelivery performance towards customer trust, but corporate social responsibility do nothave direct effect towards customer trust. From suggested finding result that private hospitalrepairs service delivery performance, physical facilities, also personnel contact performance toincrease corporate social responsibility, to increase institutional image and competitive advantageto increase customer trust. Copyright © www.iiste.org
本文以民营医院为研究对象,考察了服务提供、企业社会责任、机构形象和竞争优势对顾客信任的影响。数据来自索罗莱亚21家私立医院的420名患者,包括索罗市和6个县:博约拉里、克拉滕、苏科哈霍、沃诺吉里、卡兰甘亚和斯拉根。本研究表明,服务提供绩效与企业社会责任的关系较低,低于患者的期望。Solo Raya的私立医院还不重视形象、竞争优势和客户信任。服务提供绩效和企业社会责任对机构形象和竞争优势有正向影响。制度形象与竞争优势是相互影响的。服务绩效对顾客信任有影响,而企业社会责任对顾客信任没有直接影响。从建议的发现结果来看,民营医院维修服务提供绩效、实体设施、人员接触绩效可以增加企业社会责任、提升机构形象和竞争优势以增加客户信任。Â版权所有©www.iiste.org
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引用次数: 7
Identity, Variety and Destiny in Accounting Education for a Social—Environmental and Liberal Arts Tradition 社会-环境与文科传统会计教育的同一性、多样性与命运
Pub Date : 2010-12-31 DOI: 10.22164/ISEA.V4I2.52
R. Palliam
When one considers that all profits are not made equally, philosophy, history, anthropologybecome pre-requisites for professional accounting and finance graduates. This allows for acomplete understanding of an intimately related financial market that exerts tremendous influenceon socio-economic conditions. A graduate from a liberal arts institution may be worthmore than what his or her academic balance sheet shows. A liberal arts education teaches onehow to think, how to analyze, how to read, how to write, how to develop a persuasive argument.Any liberal arts education, even vaguely defined becomes an intellectual antidote to theoverwhelming flood of information and technological change. A liberal arts education teachesstudents to read and to reason; to learn something about the range of human expression; to considerthe great literature and ideas of world civilizations; to recognize and construct arguments;and to have sensitivity towards others’ thinking. It also makes possible a genuine kind of citizenshipwithout which democracy and markets crumble. This study presents emerging trends inaccounting as a growing discipline in liberal arts institutions whose mission is aligned withsocial goals. Copyright © www.iiste.org
当人们考虑到并非所有的利润都是平等的,哲学、历史、人类学就成为专业会计和金融毕业生的先决条件。这使我们能够全面了解对社会经济状况产生巨大影响的密切相关的金融市场。一个文科院校的毕业生可能比他或她的学术资产负债表所显示的更有价值。文科教育教会一个人如何思考,如何分析,如何阅读,如何写作,如何进行有说服力的论证。任何文科教育,即使是模糊的定义,都成为一种智力上的解药,以应对铺天盖地的信息和技术变革。文科教育教会学生阅读和推理;了解人类表达的范围;思考世界文明的伟大文学和思想;识别和构建论点,并对他人具有敏感性-思考。它还使一种真正的公民身份成为可能,没有这种公民身份,民主和市场就会崩溃。这项研究提出了新兴趋势,会计作为一个不断增长的学科在文科院校,其使命是与社会目标一致。Â版权所有©www.iiste.org
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引用次数: 2
Historical Account of Key Words in Non-Financial Report Titles (A review of FT 500 corporations from 1989 to 2007) 非财务报告标题中关键词的历史描述(1989 - 2007年英国《金融时报》500强企业回顾)
Pub Date : 2010-12-31 DOI: 10.22164/ISEA.V4I2.51
C. D. Ditlev-Simonsen
This paper investigates the history of, and trends in, non-financial reporting, based on title analysis. The database consists of the titles of non-financial reports issued by FT 500 corporations from 1989 to 2007. The frequency and development of the three key words environment, sustainability and responsibility (coded as “environment”, “sustainab” and “responsib” to catch relevant versions) are investigated.  The key words were initially applied by a few companies, and then grew in popularity. While “sustainab” and “responsib” are still growing in popularity, “environment” grew, peaked around 2002 and then reduced in frequency as a term in the titles. Based on business theories, the paper discusses alternative explanations for why corporations introduced the new key words in their non-financial reports. Whereas issuing non-financial reports can be understood from a legitimacy perspective, the introduction of new key words in the titles can be explained by a multitude of alternative theories.
本文以标题分析为基础,研究了非财务报告的历史和趋势。该数据库由1989年至2007年英国《金融时报》500强企业发布的非财务报告标题组成。研究了环境、可持续性和责任三个关键词(编码为“环境”、“可持续”和“责任”以捕捉相关版本)的出现频率和发展情况。这些关键词最初被一些公司使用,然后越来越受欢迎。虽然“可持续发展”和“责任”仍然越来越受欢迎,但“环境”在2002年左右达到顶峰,然后在标题中出现的频率有所下降。本文从商业理论出发,探讨了企业在非财务报告中引入新关键词的几种解释。虽然发布非财务报告可以从合法性的角度来理解,但在标题中引入新关键词可以用多种替代理论来解释。
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引用次数: 1
Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) Case Studies in Honduras –an Integrated UNIDO Project 洪都拉斯环境管理会计(EMA)案例研究-工发组织综合项目
Pub Date : 2010-12-31 DOI: 10.22164/ISEA.V4I2.48
C. Jasch, D. Ayres, L. Bernaudat
This article describes the outline and main first results of the UNIDO TEST (Transfer of Proven Practices for Environmentally Sound Technologies) program, which uses Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) for setting the baseline for calculating savings achieved by the Cleaner Production approach. The project focuses on the Rio Blanco basin in North Western Honduras and applies an integrated approach for improving industrial water management, pollution reduction and productivity.
本文描述了工发组织TEST(环境无害技术成熟实践的转让)计划的大纲和主要的初步成果,该计划使用环境管理会计(EMA)来设定计算清洁生产方法所实现的节约的基线。该项目侧重于洪都拉斯西北部的里约热内卢Blanco盆地,采用综合方法改善工业用水管理、减少污染和提高生产力。
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引用次数: 15
The Quantity and Quality of Environmental Reporting in Annual Report of Public Listed Companies in Malaysia 马来西亚上市公司年报中环境报告的数量与质量
Pub Date : 2010-12-31 DOI: 10.22164/ISEA.V4I2.50
Sharifah Buniamin
Business organisations are facing the challenge of disseminating environmental information asthe public concerns regarding these issues have increased. This study examines the environmentalreporting practices in the annual reports of 243 companies listed on the Main Board ofBursa Malaysia for the year 2005. Content analysis approach was utilized to determine thequantity and quality of the environmental information disclosure in annual reports. The resultsindicated that only 28% of the companies reported this information in their annual reports andmerely five sentences were dedicated for these reports. It was also revealed that the averagequality of environmental reporting per company is 3.24%. In addition, it was discovered thatlarger companies and companies in environmentally sensitive areas published more informationas well as provided higher quality disclosure. Additionally, it was also revealed that companieswith high level of quantity environmental reporting are also having high level of quality environmentalreporting. Copyright © www.iiste.org
随着公众对环境问题的关注日益增加,商业机构正面临着传播环境信息的挑战。本研究考察了在马来西亚证券交易所主板上市的243家公司2005年年报中的环境报告实践。采用内容分析法确定年度报告环境信息披露的数量和质量。结果表明,只有28%的公司在年度报告中报告了这些信息,而这些报告只有五句话。据调查,每家企业的平均环境报告率为3.24%。此外,研究发现,规模较大的公司和环境敏感地区的公司发布的信息更多,披露的质量也更高。此外,报告还显示,环境报告数量高的公司也有高水平的环境报告质量。Â版权所有©www.iiste.org
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引用次数: 73
期刊
Issues in Social and Environmental Accounting
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