Pub Date : 2014-07-14DOI: 10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055145
C. A. Ongoro, J. Mwangoka
This paper presents a Game-Based approach to E-Learning that tries to mimic games to harness motivational properties in Tanzanian Preschools. A prototype system was developed, using a rapid development approach. The system was evaluated by twelve preschools across three regions in Tanzania namely Arusha, Iringa and Dar es Salaam to give an indication of the system's ability to make work with exercise in alphabetical sound articulation more engaging and fun. The pedagogical model of the application was based on learning theories. The results of the study have shown that the learning outcomes of the integrated digital-learning activities of alphabetical sound articulation among preschoolers improved. It projected that innovative digital content framework can serve as a means to inform policy makers, educators, and teachers about the potential use of Game-Based method in preschoolers' education and offer ideas and means to standardize sound articulation and language learning thus, improve the overall quality of education.
{"title":"Using Game-Based approach to enhance language learning for preschoolers in Tanzania","authors":"C. A. Ongoro, J. Mwangoka","doi":"10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055145","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a Game-Based approach to E-Learning that tries to mimic games to harness motivational properties in Tanzanian Preschools. A prototype system was developed, using a rapid development approach. The system was evaluated by twelve preschools across three regions in Tanzania namely Arusha, Iringa and Dar es Salaam to give an indication of the system's ability to make work with exercise in alphabetical sound articulation more engaging and fun. The pedagogical model of the application was based on learning theories. The results of the study have shown that the learning outcomes of the integrated digital-learning activities of alphabetical sound articulation among preschoolers improved. It projected that innovative digital content framework can serve as a means to inform policy makers, educators, and teachers about the potential use of Game-Based method in preschoolers' education and offer ideas and means to standardize sound articulation and language learning thus, improve the overall quality of education.","PeriodicalId":315622,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Pan African International Conference on Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT 2014)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125412698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-14DOI: 10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055120
Thanh T. Nguyen, J. Devlin, D. Elton, G. Deng, E. Custovic
In radar applications, target velocity is commonly determined using the Doppler effect. By comparing the transmit-receive differential frequency the Doppler frequency shift can be measured and as a result the target velocity can be determined. The Tasman International Geospace Environment Radars (TIGER) form part of an international network of similar HF radars called Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) which explore the impact of solar disturbances on Earth by monitoring the location of aurora and related phenomena occurring in the ionosphere. These radars utilise an Auto Correlation Function (ACF) to measure the changing phase of the ACF between lag times to determine the Doppler frequency and the target velocity. This paper presents a novel method to measure Doppler shifts with high resolution and accuracy in radar applications. In the proposed method, a comparison of the transmit and receive signal spectrums is performed to determine the Spectrum Difference Function (SDF). It is shown that the gradient of SDF in the vicinity of the carrier frequency is proportional to the target Doppler shift. Therefore, by examining the SDF, the target velocity can be detected with a high level of accuracy.
{"title":"Spectrum Difference Function technique for measuring velocity","authors":"Thanh T. Nguyen, J. Devlin, D. Elton, G. Deng, E. Custovic","doi":"10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055120","url":null,"abstract":"In radar applications, target velocity is commonly determined using the Doppler effect. By comparing the transmit-receive differential frequency the Doppler frequency shift can be measured and as a result the target velocity can be determined. The Tasman International Geospace Environment Radars (TIGER) form part of an international network of similar HF radars called Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) which explore the impact of solar disturbances on Earth by monitoring the location of aurora and related phenomena occurring in the ionosphere. These radars utilise an Auto Correlation Function (ACF) to measure the changing phase of the ACF between lag times to determine the Doppler frequency and the target velocity. This paper presents a novel method to measure Doppler shifts with high resolution and accuracy in radar applications. In the proposed method, a comparison of the transmit and receive signal spectrums is performed to determine the Spectrum Difference Function (SDF). It is shown that the gradient of SDF in the vicinity of the carrier frequency is proportional to the target Doppler shift. Therefore, by examining the SDF, the target velocity can be detected with a high level of accuracy.","PeriodicalId":315622,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Pan African International Conference on Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT 2014)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116602460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-14DOI: 10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055128
U. Hilleringmann, F. Vidor, F. Assion
The side-wall deposition and etch-back technology is a simple method to produce nanometer scale lines and trenches or gaps. It can be used in semiconductor technology for electronic device integration. This paper reflects its application for field effect transistors in bulk silicon and demonstrates its potential for nanometer scale particle transistor integration. Silicon and ZnO nanoparticle field effect transistors using different setup structures show on/off ratios of up to 4500 and mobilities of some cm2V·1s-1. Although the best structures apply high temperature processing, a reduced temperature process for ZnO nanoparticle transistor integration on glass and foil substrates is presented.
{"title":"Application of side-wall deposition and etch-back technology for nanometer scale device integration","authors":"U. Hilleringmann, F. Vidor, F. Assion","doi":"10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055128","url":null,"abstract":"The side-wall deposition and etch-back technology is a simple method to produce nanometer scale lines and trenches or gaps. It can be used in semiconductor technology for electronic device integration. This paper reflects its application for field effect transistors in bulk silicon and demonstrates its potential for nanometer scale particle transistor integration. Silicon and ZnO nanoparticle field effect transistors using different setup structures show on/off ratios of up to 4500 and mobilities of some cm2V·1s-1. Although the best structures apply high temperature processing, a reduced temperature process for ZnO nanoparticle transistor integration on glass and foil substrates is presented.","PeriodicalId":315622,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Pan African International Conference on Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT 2014)","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131760370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-14DOI: 10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055123
D. Chimba
This paper presents a pedestrian safety hotspot analysis to identify and prioritize specific road segments and intersections with high crash locations using Geographic Information System (GIS) which can be applied in sub-Saharan countries. The approach can well be applied in developing countries which are coupled with high traffic accident rates and injury severities. The identification process uses GIS environment through Getis-Ord Gi-star hotspot analysis tool. The goal is to examine the existence of a spatial pattern for pedestrian crashes associated with roadway geometry, socioeconomic, population distribution and other related factors. This methodology ranks high crash locations based on: crash frequency; weighted crash frequency by injury severities (EPDO); crash rates calculated per vehicle miles of travel (VMT), total population, and mean household income within a defined boundaries. The identified high crash locations and the rankings enable agencies to properly invest and prioritize funds to improve safety. It assists in identifying suitable locations for safety audits.
{"title":"Proactive approaches to audit pedestrian safety locations, a model for developing countries","authors":"D. Chimba","doi":"10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055123","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a pedestrian safety hotspot analysis to identify and prioritize specific road segments and intersections with high crash locations using Geographic Information System (GIS) which can be applied in sub-Saharan countries. The approach can well be applied in developing countries which are coupled with high traffic accident rates and injury severities. The identification process uses GIS environment through Getis-Ord Gi-star hotspot analysis tool. The goal is to examine the existence of a spatial pattern for pedestrian crashes associated with roadway geometry, socioeconomic, population distribution and other related factors. This methodology ranks high crash locations based on: crash frequency; weighted crash frequency by injury severities (EPDO); crash rates calculated per vehicle miles of travel (VMT), total population, and mean household income within a defined boundaries. The identified high crash locations and the rankings enable agencies to properly invest and prioritize funds to improve safety. It assists in identifying suitable locations for safety audits.","PeriodicalId":315622,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Pan African International Conference on Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT 2014)","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121922504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-14DOI: 10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055125
Newton Masinde, S. Fatima
The use of recommender systems have become the de-facto standard in e-commerce systems. The most popular recommendation techniques are the collaborative filtering techniques. Their open nature of collaborative recommender systems however allow attackers who inject biased profile data to have an impact on the recommendations produced. The standard memory-based collaborative filtering algorithms, such as k-nearest neighbor, have been shown to be quite vulnerable to such attacks. In this paper, we examine the robustness of model-based recommendation algorithms in the face of profile injection attacks. Specifically, two recommendation algorithms under the Slope One class of algorithms, namely, Weighted Slope One and Improved Slope One, are considered. Additionally, we propose a modified Slope One based algorithm which we call the Robust Weighted Slope One (RWSO) algorithm. Empirically, we show that the Robust Weighted Slope One performs better under profile injection attacks. We also show that the Improved Slope One performs poorly under pre-attack conditions contrary to expectations.
{"title":"Effect of varying filler-size in profile injection attacks on the Robust Weighted Slope One","authors":"Newton Masinde, S. Fatima","doi":"10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055125","url":null,"abstract":"The use of recommender systems have become the de-facto standard in e-commerce systems. The most popular recommendation techniques are the collaborative filtering techniques. Their open nature of collaborative recommender systems however allow attackers who inject biased profile data to have an impact on the recommendations produced. The standard memory-based collaborative filtering algorithms, such as k-nearest neighbor, have been shown to be quite vulnerable to such attacks. In this paper, we examine the robustness of model-based recommendation algorithms in the face of profile injection attacks. Specifically, two recommendation algorithms under the Slope One class of algorithms, namely, Weighted Slope One and Improved Slope One, are considered. Additionally, we propose a modified Slope One based algorithm which we call the Robust Weighted Slope One (RWSO) algorithm. Empirically, we show that the Robust Weighted Slope One performs better under profile injection attacks. We also show that the Improved Slope One performs poorly under pre-attack conditions contrary to expectations.","PeriodicalId":315622,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Pan African International Conference on Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT 2014)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115538257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-14DOI: 10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055134
P. Mutuwa, Gilbert Maiga
Pediatric care practitioners are faced with increasing amounts of knowledge that is not matched by an equivalent ability to manage and apply it for improved healthcare. This is largely attributed to the lack of tools, systems and models that aide in Knowledge Management. The study aimed to describing a model that focuses on integrating the Knowledge Management processes that contribute to improved Pediatric care delivery in the context of Uganda. A field study was conducted to gather requirements for the model. The data collected was analyzed and the results used to extend existing Knowledge Management models in order to describe a suitable model for pediatrics Knowledge Management. The study identified technology, People, Storage and pediatrics knowledge integration as important requirements for successful implementation of Knowledge Management in pediatrics healthcare practice. An evaluation of the proposed model was done and the results indicated its suitability for Knowledge Management in pediatric practice.
{"title":"A knowledge management model for pediatric health care practice","authors":"P. Mutuwa, Gilbert Maiga","doi":"10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055134","url":null,"abstract":"Pediatric care practitioners are faced with increasing amounts of knowledge that is not matched by an equivalent ability to manage and apply it for improved healthcare. This is largely attributed to the lack of tools, systems and models that aide in Knowledge Management. The study aimed to describing a model that focuses on integrating the Knowledge Management processes that contribute to improved Pediatric care delivery in the context of Uganda. A field study was conducted to gather requirements for the model. The data collected was analyzed and the results used to extend existing Knowledge Management models in order to describe a suitable model for pediatrics Knowledge Management. The study identified technology, People, Storage and pediatrics knowledge integration as important requirements for successful implementation of Knowledge Management in pediatrics healthcare practice. An evaluation of the proposed model was done and the results indicated its suitability for Knowledge Management in pediatric practice.","PeriodicalId":315622,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Pan African International Conference on Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT 2014)","volume":"130 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131274653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-14DOI: 10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055129
Chien-Hung Chen, Chia-Ying Yu, Wei-Siang Gu, C. Chiu, Shu-Han Liao
The channel capacity of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless local area network (MIMO-WLAN) systems with co-channel interference (CCI) is calculated in this paper. The ability to combat CCI for the MIMO-WLAN simple uniform linear array (ULA) and polarization diversity array (PDA) are investigated. The channel frequency response, which is further used to calculate the corresponding channel capacity is calculated by ray-tracing approach. Numerical results show that MIMO-PDA is better than those of MIMO-ULA when interference is present.
{"title":"Channel capacity with channel interference in MIMO-WLAN systems","authors":"Chien-Hung Chen, Chia-Ying Yu, Wei-Siang Gu, C. Chiu, Shu-Han Liao","doi":"10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055129","url":null,"abstract":"The channel capacity of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless local area network (MIMO-WLAN) systems with co-channel interference (CCI) is calculated in this paper. The ability to combat CCI for the MIMO-WLAN simple uniform linear array (ULA) and polarization diversity array (PDA) are investigated. The channel frequency response, which is further used to calculate the corresponding channel capacity is calculated by ray-tracing approach. Numerical results show that MIMO-PDA is better than those of MIMO-ULA when interference is present.","PeriodicalId":315622,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Pan African International Conference on Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT 2014)","volume":"169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132373910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-14DOI: 10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055137
M. Onyango, D. Malyuta, Joseph Owino, D. Chimba
Pavement markings are lines/markings drawn on pavement surface to provide vital information to road users pertaining to lane restrictions and vehicle movements, which if adhered to, results into improved road users' safety. For the pavement markings to be useful they ought to be reflective. Pavement markings retroreflectivity is a measurement of how well the markings can be seen by road users, especially at night. Pavement marking retroreflectivity is measured in milli-candela per square meter per lux (mcd/m2/lux). Candela is a measurement of light intensity and lux is measurement of luminous light per square meter. The USA Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) recommends minimum retroreflectivity levels on different types of pavements. Pavement markings retroreflectivity degrade as a function of time, environmental condition and number traffic repetition after its application. There have been several studies that were conducted to establish trends and time it takes for pavement markings to stay above the threshold. Some of the studies published degradation models. This paper seeks to verify the published pavement marking degradation models using pavement retroreflectivity data collected from East Tennessee. The models selected for verification are published by Lee et. al., Aboud and Bowman , Sarasua et. al., and Sitzabee at. al. From these models, the model by Abboud and Bowman for white paint pavement markings had the highest R2; other models have published R2 values that are larger than what was obtained from this study. The model by Lee et..al., had a published R2 value similar to what was obtained from this study.
{"title":"Verification of pavement marking degradation models using eastern tennessee pavement marking retroreflectivity data","authors":"M. Onyango, D. Malyuta, Joseph Owino, D. Chimba","doi":"10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055137","url":null,"abstract":"Pavement markings are lines/markings drawn on pavement surface to provide vital information to road users pertaining to lane restrictions and vehicle movements, which if adhered to, results into improved road users' safety. For the pavement markings to be useful they ought to be reflective. Pavement markings retroreflectivity is a measurement of how well the markings can be seen by road users, especially at night. Pavement marking retroreflectivity is measured in milli-candela per square meter per lux (mcd/m2/lux). Candela is a measurement of light intensity and lux is measurement of luminous light per square meter. The USA Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) in the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) recommends minimum retroreflectivity levels on different types of pavements. Pavement markings retroreflectivity degrade as a function of time, environmental condition and number traffic repetition after its application. There have been several studies that were conducted to establish trends and time it takes for pavement markings to stay above the threshold. Some of the studies published degradation models. This paper seeks to verify the published pavement marking degradation models using pavement retroreflectivity data collected from East Tennessee. The models selected for verification are published by Lee et. al., Aboud and Bowman , Sarasua et. al., and Sitzabee at. al. From these models, the model by Abboud and Bowman for white paint pavement markings had the highest R2; other models have published R2 values that are larger than what was obtained from this study. The model by Lee et..al., had a published R2 value similar to what was obtained from this study.","PeriodicalId":315622,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Pan African International Conference on Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT 2014)","volume":" 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120832933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-14DOI: 10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055148
K. Michael
The study of electromagnetic radiation from mobile phone antenna towards human head is presented in this paper. The simulation of radiation emission of Dual band PIFA for GSM and Quadrifillar Helix Antenna for satellite communication showing their radiation intensity and adoption of CELNEC standard for the human safety will be demonstrated.
{"title":"Radiation Safety of handheld mobile phones","authors":"K. Michael","doi":"10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055148","url":null,"abstract":"The study of electromagnetic radiation from mobile phone antenna towards human head is presented in this paper. The simulation of radiation emission of Dual band PIFA for GSM and Quadrifillar Helix Antenna for satellite communication showing their radiation intensity and adoption of CELNEC standard for the human safety will be demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":315622,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Pan African International Conference on Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT 2014)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125032831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-07-14DOI: 10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055135
F. Otto, S. Williams
The use of social network sites (SNS) has become very valuable to educational institutions. Some universities have formally integrated these social media in their educational systems and are using them to improve their service delivery. The main aim of this study was to establish whether African universities have embraced this emerging technology by having official presence on SNS. A purposive sampling method was used to study 24 universities from which data were obtained by visiting their official Web sites and following the official links to the most common SNS.
{"title":"Official use of social network sites by African universities","authors":"F. Otto, S. Williams","doi":"10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/SCAT.2014.7055135","url":null,"abstract":"The use of social network sites (SNS) has become very valuable to educational institutions. Some universities have formally integrated these social media in their educational systems and are using them to improve their service delivery. The main aim of this study was to establish whether African universities have embraced this emerging technology by having official presence on SNS. A purposive sampling method was used to study 24 universities from which data were obtained by visiting their official Web sites and following the official links to the most common SNS.","PeriodicalId":315622,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 2nd Pan African International Conference on Science, Computing and Telecommunications (PACT 2014)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127587866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：