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Iddah dalam Mazhab Fiqih dan Perundangan Indonesia 伊斯兰教律学院和印度尼西亚立法中的 "伊达 "问题
Pub Date : 2023-07-15 DOI: 10.58401/faqih.v9i1.963
Ahmad Zamzam Saefi
After a divorce occurs, a woman cannot immediately marry a man she considers capable of replacing her husband. There are different waiting periods for divorce cases based on the female subject. This waiting period is known as 'iddah in Islam. In its development, there are differences of opinion among scholars regarding the periods of 'iddah. Each school of thought has its own views and provisions regarding the duration of the iddah, the conditions that terminate iddah, and the rights and obligations of women during the iddah period. This research is a qualitative research with a library research approach. This article discusses these differences, as well as the arguments and legal basis which are the basis for each school of thought in determining the length of 'iddah. We will explore the theological and legal perspectives that shape the views of each school. From the research it was found that in general the iddah according to the 4 Schools of Fikh is almost the same, a sharp difference is in the iddah of divorce for women who are still menstruating and not pregnant, which is based on differences in the meaning of the word qur'u.
离婚后,妇女不能立即与她认为有能力取代其丈夫的男子结婚。根据女性主体的不同,离婚案件有不同的等待期。这段等待期在伊斯兰教中被称为 "iddah"。在其发展过程中,学者们对 "iddah "的期限有不同的看法。每个学派都对 "伊达 "的期限、终止 "伊达 "的条件以及妇女在 "伊达 "期间的权利和义务有自己的看法和规定。本研究是一项采用图书馆研究方法的定性研究。本文将讨论这些差异,以及各学派在确定 "iddah "期限时所依据的论点和法律依据。我们将探讨形成各学派观点的神学和法律观点。研究发现,总的来说,4 个菲克学派的 "伊达 "几乎是相同的,但在月经期和未怀孕妇女的离婚 "伊达 "上存在明显差异,这是由于对 qur'u 一词含义的理解不同。
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引用次数: 0
Studi Komparatif Konsepsi Dana Non-halal dan Dana TBDSP dalam Perspektif Politik Ekonomi Islam 伊斯兰政治经济学视角下的非清真基金和 TBDSP 基金概念比较研究
Pub Date : 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.58401/faqih.v9i1.866
Dery Ariswanto, Studi Komparatif, Konsepsi Dana, Non-halal dan, Perspektif Politik, Ekonomi Islam
This study aims to examine the comparison of the concept of regulation of non-halal funds and TBDSP funds in the perspective of Islamic Political Economy. This research uses qualitative methods with the type of research that is library research. The results of the discussion in this study indicate that the arrangement of non-halal funds was originally only limited to a concept which must then be used for social purposes, but there are no specific rules related to how to obtain or source of these funds, how to manage them, and what are the provisions for their distribution. . Presentation and reporting of non-halal funds have previously been regulated in PSAK 101 and 109. The presence of the DSN fatwa number 123/DSN-MUI/XI/2018 can imply that the concept of non-halal funds should not be recognized as income for Islamic financial institutions. So that the term non-halal funds in Islamic financial institutions is more accurately referred to as TBDSP funds. It is appropriate that maximum supervision is needed in implementing the DSN fatwa regarding TBDSP funds in Islamic financial institutions, so that the management of non-halal funds of Islamic financial institutions can be directed and on target in accordance with existing regulations.
本研究旨在从伊斯兰政治经济学的角度研究非清真基金和 TBDSP 基金监管概念的比较。本研究采用定性研究方法,研究类型为图书馆研究。本研究的讨论结果表明,非清真资金的安排最初仅局限于必须用于社会目的的概念,但对于如何获得这些资金或其来源、如何管理这些资金以及对其分配有何规定,却没有具体的规定。.PSAK 101 和 109 以前对非清真资金的列报和报告作了规定。编号为 123/DSN-MUI/XI/2018 的 DSN 法特瓦的存在意味着非清真资金的概念不应被伊斯兰金融机构视为收入。因此,伊斯兰金融机构中的非清真资金被称为 TBDSP 资金更为准确。因此,在伊斯兰金融机构执行DSN法特瓦关于TBDSP资金的规定时,需要进行最大限度的监督,使伊斯兰金融机构对非清真资金的管理能够按照现行法规有的放矢。
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引用次数: 0
Hukum Adat Sasi Larvul Ngabal Perspektif Fiqh Al-Bi'ah 从比伊法的角度看 Sasi Larvul Ngabal 的习惯法
Pub Date : 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.58401/faqih.v9i1.825
Mahdi Temarwut, Soni Zakaria, M. Nurhakim
The purpose of this research to analyze how sasi is practiced in Larvul Ngabal customary law and  how sasi Larvul Ngabal customary law from the perspective of Fiqh al-Bi’ah. This study uses qualitative methods with the type of field research.   There were 5 informants in this study, consisting of village priests, youth leaders, and 3 members of the community. Data collection techniques used as observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis used is data collection, data presentation, and data verivication or drawing conclusion. The result of this study indicate the customary law of sasi Larvul Ngabal basically has the same principles as Fiqh al-Bi’ah in protecting and preserving the invironment.   Philosopically, the customary law of sasi Larvul Ngabal originates from noble cultural values which are transformed into basic rules in life. While Fiqh al-Bi’ah is sourced from the authentic Al-Qur’an, contains efforts, ways, ang attitudes towards  life towards the environment.
本研究旨在从 Fiqh al-Bi'ah 的角度分析 Larvul Ngabal 习惯法中如何实施 sasi,以及 Larvul Ngabal 习惯法中如何实施 sasi。本研究采用实地调查的定性方法。 本研究共有 5 名信息提供者,包括村祭司、青年领袖和 3 名社区成员。采用的数据收集技术包括观察、访谈和记录。数据分析包括数据收集、数据展示、数据验证或得出结论。研究结果表明,sasi Larvul Ngabal 的习惯法在保护和维护环境方面与 Fiqh al-Bi'ah 的原则基本相同。 从哲学上讲,sasi Larvul Ngabal 的习惯法源于崇高的文化价值观,并将其转化为生活中的基本规则。而 Fiqh al-Bi'ah 源于正宗的《古兰经》,包含了对环境的努力、方式和生活态度。
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引用次数: 0
Kedudukan Non-Muslim Dalam Qanun Jinayat Aceh (Studi Analisis Qanun Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Pasal 5 Huruf c Menurut Maqashid Syariah Jasser Auda) 亚齐 Qanun Jinayat 中非穆斯林的地位(根据 Jasser Auda 的 Maqashid Syariah 分析研究第 6/2014 号 Qanun 第 5 条 c 款)
Pub Date : 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.58401/faqih.v9i1.826
Abiyun Naufal, Ahda Bina, Kedudukan Non-Muslim, Dalam Qanun, Jinayat Aceh, Studi Analisis, Qanun Nomor, Pasal, Huruf, Menurut Maqashid, Syariah Jasser, Auda
The research will focus on how the implementation of Qanun jinayat itself, and how the position of Non-Muslims in Qanun jinayat when viewed with Maqashid Shari'ah Jasser Auda. As a city that has a majority Muslim population, Aceh has customs and culture that can be said to be integrated with Islam itself. Therefore, Aceh is a special province with Qanun or Islamic law formulated as a legal umbrella in accordance with Qanun Number 6 of 2014 concerning Jinayat Law. However, the Qanun based on Islamic law will definitely intersect with the Non-Muslim population in Aceh, so there are often misunderstandings and confusion among the community
研究重点将放在如何实施 Qanun jinayat 本身,以及如何用 Maqashid Shari'ah Jasser Auda 来看待非穆斯林在 Qanun jinayat 中的地位。作为一个穆斯林人口占多数的城市,亚齐的习俗和文化可以说与伊斯兰教本身融为一体。因此,亚齐是一个特殊的省份,根据 2014 年关于《吉纳亚特法》的第 6 号《教规》制定的《教规》或伊斯兰法是其法律保护伞。然而,以伊斯兰法为基础的 Qanun 肯定会与亚齐的非穆斯林人口产生交集,因此社区之间经常会产生误解和混淆。
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引用次数: 0
Pembagian Harta Waris Pada Adat Waris Tunggu Tubang Dalam Perspektif Kompilasi Hukum Islam 伊斯兰法律汇编》视角下的等吐蕃习俗中的遗产分配问题
Pub Date : 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.58401/faqih.v9i1.814
Ahmad Hadzikil Fahimi
The Tubang inheritance tradition uses a female major inheritance system. The customary inheritance of the Tunggu Tubang heirs differs from the heirs listed in the Compilation of Islamic Law and the portion that all heirs receive in the customary inheritance of the Tunggu Tubang with the Compilation of Islamic Law. The Compilation of Islamic Law is the rules modified in such a way as to adapt to the customs and culture that occur in Indonesia. One of the sections contained in the Compilation of Islamic Law is the division of inheritance. The results of this study provide a law that in the division of the customary inheritance of Tunggu Tubang is not included as inheritance, because the articles in the Compilation of Islamic Law have many differences, but the customary inheritance of Tunggu Tubang can be said to be a gift. The customary inheritance of the Tunggu Tubang can be called a grant because the giving of grants to heirs is referred to as an inheritance. The inheritance tradition of the Tunggu Tubang which gives their wealth to the eldest daughter who is included in the heirs is sufficient if it is called a grant and also the inheritance that has been given to Tunggu Tubang can be withdrawn by the parents if it is not used as well as possible.
吐蕃的继承传统采用女性大继承制。东谷图邦继承人的继承习俗与《伊斯兰法律汇编》中列出的继承人不同,所有继承人在东谷图邦继承习俗中获得的份额也与《伊斯兰法律汇编》不同。伊斯兰法律汇编》是为适应印度尼西亚的习俗和文化而修改的规则。伊斯兰法律汇编》中包含的一个部分就是遗产分割。本研究的结果提供了一条法律,即在东谷图邦的习惯继承划分中不包括继承,因为《伊斯兰教法汇编》中的条款有许多不同之处,但东谷图邦的习惯继承可以说是一种赠与。东谷土邦的继承习俗可称为赠与,因为向继承人赠与被称为继承。东姑土邦的继承传统是将财富给予继承人中的长女,如果将其称为赠与就足够了,而且如果东姑土邦继承的遗产没有得到很好的利用,其父母可以收回这些遗产。
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引用次数: 0
Faktor Penghambat Mediator Non-Hakim Dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Perceraian Pada Kasus Lanjut Usia Di Pengadilan Agama Bantul 非法官调解员在解决班图尔宗教法院老年人离婚案件中的阻碍因素
Pub Date : 2023-07-14 DOI: 10.58401/faqih.v9i1.863
Mifta Zulfalah Azzahro Sudarmaji
The non-judge mediator as a third party that has the rights to help the disputing parties in negotiating without any neutral case. This study aims to uncover the facts that hinder the success of non-judge mediators in carrying out mediation in elderly divorce cases at the Bantul Religious Court. This is the qualitative field research, conducted at the Religious Court Bantul from February to March conducted analytically, and by taking data based on the findings in the field with a empirical approach. The data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation.The results of this study showed that first, Factors of elderly divorce occur because of a second marriage, the wife has menopause, old nature, economic factors, neglect of responsibilities, left by a partner because of illness. Second, the low rate of success in mediation in elderly cases at the Religious Court Bantul was caused by several factors, including: very limited time, the constancy of the parties to get divorced, the prolonged problems faced by the parties, the absence of goodwill from the parties not attending the mediation process.
非法官调解员作为第三方,有权在没有任何中立的情况下帮助争议双方进行谈判。本研究旨在揭示阻碍非法官调解员在班图尔宗教法院老年人离婚案件中成功进行调解的事实。这是一项定性实地研究,于 2 月至 3 月在班图尔宗教法院进行,以分析的方式进行,并根据实地调查结果以经验主义的方法获取数据。研究结果表明:第一,老年人离婚的因素有:二婚、妻子更年期、年老、经济因素、忽视责任、伴侣因病离去等。其次,班图尔宗教法院老年人案件调解成功率低的原因有几个方面,包括:时间非常有限、当事人离婚意愿不强、当事人面临的问题旷日持久、不参加调解过程的当事人缺乏诚意。
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引用次数: 0
Praktik Pengelolaan Limbah Industri Dalam Perspektif Maqasid Syari’ah 从Maqasid Syari的角度来看,工业废弃物管理的做法
Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.29062/faqih.v8i1.603
Suci Suryawati
The existence of an industry is very synonymous with the presence of waste. Waste if disposed of carelessly will cause pollution to the environment and will affect human health. Therefore, to avoid pollution, management is needed to minimize the impact of the waste. As well as the management carried out by tapioca flour producers in Kaliboto Village, Tarokan, Kediri, although management efforts have been carried out, there is still pollution found. Based on  these  problems,  the  focus  of  this  research  is  how  waste  management practices in the tapioca flour home industry of Kaliboto Village, Tarokan District, Kediri Regency in the perspective of maqasid syari'ah. This research is a case study using a qualitative approach. The primary data source in this study is the results of observations and interviews with tapioca flour home industry managers, village governments and local communities. The result of this study is that there are several efforts that have been appropriate or not in accordance with the value of shari'ah maqasid. First, from the value of hifdz an-nafs that have been appropriate, namely maintaining health by increasing the productivity of livestock through feeding that contains high nutrition and meets the needs of life by managing waste. The management that is not yet appropriate is the lack of maximum management of liquid waste so that it can endanger yourself and others. Second, from the value of hifdz al-mal, namely obtaining property in a good way through waste management so that it can get additional income and open new businesses.
工业的存在与浪费的存在是同义词。如果不小心处理废物,将对环境造成污染,影响人类健康。因此,为了避免污染,需要进行管理,以尽量减少废物的影响。尽管Kediri Tarokan Kaliboto村的木薯粉生产商进行了管理,但尽管进行了管理努力,仍发现污染。基于这些问题,本研究的重点是在maqasid syari'ah的视角下,Kediri Regency Tarokan区Kaliboto村木薯粉家庭工业的废物管理实践。本研究是一个使用定性方法的案例研究。本研究的主要数据来源是对木薯粉家庭行业管理者、村政府和当地社区的观察和访谈结果。这项研究的结果是,有几个努力是适当的或不符合伊斯兰教法的价值。首先,从适当的hifdz和nafs的价值来看,即通过富含营养的饲料提高牲畜的生产力来维持健康,并通过管理废物来满足生命的需要。尚不适当的管理是缺乏对液体废物的最大限度管理,使其危及自己和他人。第二,从hifdz al-mal的价值来看,即通过废物管理,以良好的方式获得财产,从而获得额外的收入,开展新的业务。
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引用次数: 0
Aspek Hukum dalam Transaksi Jual Beli dengan Sistim Kredit dan Korelasinya dengan Perilaku Konsumsi Muslim 与信贷系统交易以及与穆斯林消费行为相关的法律方面
Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.29062/faqih.v8i1.559
M. Huda
The credit buying and selling system has an effect on both the seller and the buyer. There are those who feel that they are harmed, benefited, are equally harmed or are equally harmed. In this case, the seller and the buyer must both benefit, so that neither party feels disadvantaged. When both parties benefit from each other, the rural economy will run smoothly. The rural economy is currently able to develop, one of which is because of buying and selling on credit. So that the funds owned by the community are not solely used to buy or consume goods and services, but can also be used for other needs in order to get multiplied results, such as investment, and can also be used to save as future savings. However, there are two kinds of buying and selling credit, namely buying and selling credit that is allowed and buying and selling credit that is forbidden. Buying and selling credit that is allowed is buying and selling according to Islamic law, while buying and selling that is forbidden is buying and selling that is forbidden by Islamic law. Therefore, people, especially in rural areas, must be good at sorting out transactions that are included in the law of buying and selling credit and those that are prohibited from buying and selling credit, so as not to deviate from muamalah according to Islamic views.
信用买卖制度对买卖双方都有影响。有些人觉得自己受到了伤害,有些人觉得自己受益,有些人觉得自己同样受到了伤害,有些人觉得自己同样受到了伤害。在这种情况下,卖方和买方都必须受益,这样任何一方都不会感到不利。只有双方互利共赢,农村经济才能顺利运行。农村经济目前能够发展起来,其中一个原因是信贷买卖。使社区拥有的资金不仅用于购买或消费商品和服务,还可以用于其他需求以获得成倍的结果,例如投资,也可以用于储蓄作为未来的储蓄。但是,信用买卖有两种,即允许的信用买卖和禁止的信用买卖。根据伊斯兰教法,允许的买卖信贷是买卖,而禁止的买卖是买卖伊斯兰教法禁止的买卖。因此,人们,特别是农村地区的人们,必须善于区分哪些交易属于信用买卖的法律范围,哪些交易属于信用买卖的法律范围,这样才不会偏离伊斯兰观点的muamalah。
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引用次数: 1
Fikih dalam Tafsir Berbahasa Sunda
Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.29062/faqih.v8i1.555
Siti Novi Nafisah
This article discusses the interpretation of fiqh verses in Sundanese Interpretation Raudhatul Irfan Fi Ma'rifat Al-Qur'an by KH. Ahmad Sanusi. By studying the law of fiqh we can know which rules to follow and know the limits. The law of fiqh can also be the basis of behaving and referral in making decisions. Interpretation of the Qur'an by local scholars who developed in Indonesia many who use the language of the region, one of which is Sundanese. Therefore, it would be interesting if this study discussed of the fiqh pattern in Sundanese interpretation. This research is a type of library research. Through a descriptive method approach, the author describes how the interpretation of some fiqh verses written in Sundanese in Tafsir Raudhatul Irfan Fi Ma'rifat Al-Qur'an. The primary source of this research is Tafsir Raudhatul Irfan Fi Ma'rifat Al-Qur'an by KH. Ahmad Sanusi written in Sundanese pegon scripts. The aim that the writer wants to achieve in this study is to find out how the characteristics of the fiqh pattern in Tafsir Raudhatul Irfan Fi Ma'rifat Al-Qur'an by KH. Ahmad Sanusi.
本文讨论了伊斯兰教释经《古兰经》中伊斯兰教经文的释经。Ahmad撒努斯。通过研究律法,我们可以知道应该遵循哪些规则,并知道其极限。律法也可以作为行为和决策参考的基础。印尼当地学者对《古兰经》的解释,许多人使用当地的语言,其中一种是巽他语。因此,本研究若能探讨巽他语解读中的fiqh模式,将是一件有趣的事。本研究是图书馆研究的一种。通过描述的方法,作者描述了如何解释Tafsir Raudhatul Irfan Fi Ma'rifat al - quuran中一些用巽他语写的经文。这项研究的主要来源是由KH撰写的Tafsir Raudhatul Irfan Fi Ma'rifat al - quuran。Ahmad Sanusi用巽他语写的。笔者在本研究中想要达到的目的是找出《古兰经》中菲格格模式的特点是如何由KH。Ahmad撒努斯。
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引用次数: 0
Pembayaran Zakat Fitrah dalam Tradisi Metraen Bhekal Bineh di Bangkalan Madura Perspektif ‘Urf
Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.29062/faqih.v8i1.540
Galuh Widitya Qomaro, Nia Ningsih
The metraen bhekal bineh tradition in Banyuajuh, Bangkalan, Madura requires prospective husbands to pay zakat fitrah for their prospective wives in the form of money or rice. This study aims to determine the practice of the metraen bhekal bineh tradition and to find out the review of Islamic law on the metraen bhekal bineh tradition in Banyuajuh, Bangkalan, Madura. This research is a field research with qualitative methods and a sociological juridical approach. Sources of data used are primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation were analyzed using the inductive method. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the metraen bhekal bineh tradition in Banyuajuh, Bangkalan Madura in terms of Islamic law is permissible because it is a tradition that grows and develops with good values ​​in society. The husband's obligation to pay zakat fitrah for his future wife is a customary obligation, not an obligation as required by Islamic law.
在马杜拉邦卡兰的Banyuajuh, metraen bhekal bineh传统要求未来的丈夫以金钱或大米的形式为他们未来的妻子支付天课费。本研究旨在确定在班尤尤、邦卡兰、马杜拉等地的metraen bhekal bineh传统的实践,并找出伊斯兰法律对metraen bhekal bineh传统的审查。本研究采用定性方法和社会学法学方法进行实地研究。使用的数据来源是主要数据和次要数据。通过观察、访谈和文献资料收集技术,采用归纳法进行分析。根据研究结果,可以得出结论,Banyuajuh, Bangkalan Madura的metraen bhekal bineh传统在伊斯兰法律方面是允许的,因为它是一个在社会中成长和发展的良好价值观的传统。丈夫为他未来的妻子支付天课的义务是一种习惯义务,而不是伊斯兰法律所要求的义务。
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引用次数: 0
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El-Faqih : Jurnal Pemikiran dan Hukum Islam
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