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2010 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting最新文献

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Effect of Relative Humidity on the Collection Efficiency of a Wire-To-Plane Electrostatic Precipitator 相对湿度对线对平面静电除尘器集尘效率的影响
Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2010.5615948
H. Nouri, Y. Zebboudj, N. Zouzou, E. Moreau, L. Dascalescu
This paper aims to analyse the influence of the atmospheric relative humidity level (RH) on the collection efficiency of a wire-to-plane electrostatic precipitator (WP-ESP). The experiments were performed with incense smoke particles having a mean size of about 0.28 µm. An aerosol spectrometer was employed for characterizing the size distribution of these particles at the outlet of the ESP. Then, the total and fractional collection efficiencies were estimated for different relative humidity levels ranging from 40 to 70 %. Various DC applied voltages in the case of positive and negative polarities have been under consideration. For given atmospheric conditions, the results obtained with the aerosol spectrometer show that the performances of the ESP increases with the applied voltage (range: 10 to 40 kV) and the particle diameter (range: 0.2 to 0.7 µm). The collection efficiency is higher at increased RH. The negative corona discharge is overall more effective than the positive one. However, the difference between the two polarities becomes minor at high RH.
本文旨在分析大气相对湿度对线对平面静电除尘器(WP-ESP)集尘效率的影响。实验采用平均尺寸约为0.28µm的香烟颗粒进行。利用气溶胶光谱仪对ESP出口的颗粒大小分布进行了表征。然后,在相对湿度为40%至70%的不同条件下,估计了总收集效率和部分收集效率。在正极性和负极性的情况下,考虑了各种直流施加电压。在一定的大气条件下,气溶胶谱仪的结果表明,ESP的性能随施加电压(10 ~ 40 kV)和粒子直径(0.2 ~ 0.7µm)的增大而增大。在较高的RH下,收集效率更高。负电晕放电总体上比正电晕放电更有效。然而,在高相对湿度下,两个极性之间的差异变得很小。
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引用次数: 8
A Laboratory Analysis of Plasma Based Hybrid Techniques for Treating Engine Exhaust 基于等离子体的混合动力技术处理发动机排气的实验室分析
Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2010.5615403
A. D. Srinivasan, B. S. Rajanikanth
A detailed study on the removal of pollutants (NOx, aldehydes and CO) from the exhaust of a stationary diesel engine is carried out using barrier discharge hybrid plasma techniques. The objective of the study is to make a comparative analysis. For this purpose, the exhaust treatment was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, the exhaust was treated with plasma process and plasma-adsorbent hybrid process. The effectiveness of the two processes with regard to NOx removal and by-product reduction was discussed. In the second stage, the exhaust was treated by plasma and plasma-catalyst hybrid process. The effectiveness of the two processes with regard to pollutants (NOX, CO) removal and by-product reduction was analyzed. Finally, a comprehensive comparison of different techniques has been made and feasible plasma based hybrid techniques for stationary and non-stationary engine exhaust treatments were proposed.
采用阻挡放电混合等离子体技术对固定式柴油机尾气中的污染物(氮氧化物、醛类和一氧化碳)进行了详细的去除研究。本研究的目的是进行比较分析。为此,废气处理分两个阶段进行。第一阶段采用等离子体工艺和等离子体-吸附剂混合工艺处理废气。讨论了两种工艺在去除NOx和减少副产物方面的效果。第二阶段采用等离子体和等离子体-催化剂混合工艺处理废气。分析了两种工艺在去除污染物(NOX、CO)和减少副产物方面的效果。最后,对不同技术进行了综合比较,提出了基于等离子体的发动机静止和非静止排气处理技术。
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引用次数: 3
ISO Efficiency Curves of a -Two-Phase Hybrid Stepping Motor 两相混合式步进电机的ISO效率曲线
Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2010.5616897
S. Derammelaere, B. Vervisch, Johannes Cottyn, Bart Vanwalleghem, K. Stockman, F. D. Belie, L. Vandevelde, P. Cox, G. V. D. Abeele
Stepping motors are used in numerous applications because of their low manufacturing cost and simple speed control. It is well known that their energetic efficiency is low but actual values are typically not available. In this paper the influence of the control algorithm on the efficiency of the stepping motor is analyzed, measured and discussed. For a good comparison of the efficiency for the different analyzed algorithms, ISO efficiency curves are used. As the number of stepping motors installed worldwide is enormous, a few percents energy saving per stepping motor can mean a big difference in global energy use.
步进电机由于其低廉的制造成本和简单的速度控制而被广泛应用。众所周知,它们的能量效率很低,但通常无法获得实际值。本文分析、测量和讨论了控制算法对步进电机效率的影响。为了比较不同分析算法的效率,采用了ISO效率曲线。由于世界范围内安装的步进电机数量巨大,每台步进电机节省几个百分点的能源可能意味着全球能源使用的巨大差异。
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引用次数: 7
Identifying Issues that Adversely Affect Data Center Reliability through Electrical System Audits 通过电气系统审计识别对数据中心可靠性有不利影响的问题
Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2010.5615720
T. Dionise, C. Cooper
In today's business world, a continuous uninterrupted process equates to more profit especially in a Data Center. Some electrical power failures at Data Centers are catastrophic, causing hours of downtime and thousands in lost profit. More and more, facility managers are realizing the importance of being proactive about identifying reliability weaknesses in the electrical distribution system through electrical system audits. An electrical system audit is the first step in assuring that a Data Center power system is operating reliably, safely and efficiently, maximizing use of capital and minimizing operating expenses. Based on experience gained in performing electrical system audits of Data Centers, the authors will share significant electrical issues that adversely affect Data Center Reliability. This paper will identify key findings, symptoms and issues and provide solutions as well industry best practices.
在当今的商业世界中,持续不间断的流程等同于更多的利润,尤其是在数据中心中。数据中心的一些电力故障是灾难性的,造成数小时的停机时间和数千美元的利润损失。越来越多的设施管理人员意识到通过电气系统审计主动识别配电系统可靠性弱点的重要性。电气系统审计是确保数据中心电力系统可靠、安全、高效运行,最大限度地利用资金,最大限度地减少运营费用的第一步。根据在执行数据中心电气系统审计中获得的经验,作者将分享对数据中心可靠性产生不利影响的重要电气问题。本文将确定主要发现、症状和问题,并提供解决方案以及行业最佳实践。
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引用次数: 5
Low Voltage Contact Electrostatic Discharge Phenomena 低压接触静电放电现象
Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2010.5614742
T. Oda, Keisuke Hanawa, Y. Teramoto, R. Ono
Low voltage contact electrostatic discharge is examined from 1 volt to 100 volts which means whether the electrostatic discharge can ionize the gas molecule or not. The contact current flow from the small capacitor of about 2.2 pF is examined. There are several current flow patterns which should be strongly dependent on the contact area. If the contact area is fresh, the reproducible tunneling current should be observed with rising time of less than 100 ps. If any contamination occurs, the current flow is barrier type which strongly depends on current flow channel. Those current flow mechanisms are analyzed physically by using different material surfaces.
检测低压接触静电放电从1伏到100伏,即静电放电能否使气体分子电离。测试了小电容约2.2 pF的接触电流。有几种电流模式应该强烈依赖于接触面积。如果接触区域是新鲜的,则应观察到可再现的隧道电流,其上升时间小于100ps。如果发生污染,则电流为阻挡型,强烈依赖于电流通道。利用不同的材料表面,对这些电流的流动机理进行了物理分析。
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引用次数: 1
Study of Electrohydrodynamic Micropumping through Conduction Phenomenon 导电现象电流体动力微泵研究
Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2010.5616861
S. R. Mahmoudi, G. Castle, K. Adamiak, M. Ashjaee
Steady-state electrohydrodynamic micropumping through bipolar conduction phenomenon has been investigated experimentally and numerically. A single-stage axisymmetric conduction micropump in the vertical configuration has been proposed in this paper. This micropump consists of four components: high voltage ring electrode, grounded disk-shaped electrode, insulator spacer, and inlet/outlet ports. The packaged micropump was positioned vertically in a bath of working fluid; the generated static pressure and electric current were measured in the absence of fluid flow at different applied voltages. Three different dielectric liquids, 10-GBN Nynas and Shell Diala AX transformer oils, and N-hexane were introduced as the working fluids. The micropump was operated at the range of applied voltages between 300 and 1500 VDC. Maximum pressure generations up to 100 Pa was achieved. In order to estimate the space charge density distribution and the spatial variation of the electric field in the micropump, and to further verify the experimental results, a numerical simulation was also performed. The pressure head generation was predicted numerically and compared with experimental results at different applied voltages. The comparison between the experimental and numerical pressure generations shows good agreement.
通过实验和数值方法研究了稳态电流体动力微泵双极传导现象。本文提出了一种立式单级轴对称传导微泵。这种微型泵由四个部分组成:高压环形电极,接地圆盘形电极,绝缘体间隔片和进出口端口。将包装好的微泵垂直放置在工作液中;在没有流体流动的情况下,测量了不同施加电压下产生的静压和电流。以10-GBN nnnas和壳牌Diala AX变压器油和正己烷为工质,研究了三种不同的介电液。微型泵在300至1500 VDC的施加电压范围内运行。最大压力可达100 Pa。为了估计微泵内空间电荷密度分布和电场的空间变化,并进一步验证实验结果,还进行了数值模拟。对不同施加电压下的压头产生进行了数值预测,并与实验结果进行了比较。实验压力代与数值压力代的比较结果吻合较好。
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引用次数: 11
Nobel NOx and Voc Treatment Using Concentration and Plasma Decomposition 诺贝尔氮氧化物和挥发性有机化合物的浓度和等离子体分解处理
Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2010.5615984
Toshiaki Yamamoto, S. Asada, T. Iida, Y. Ehara
Stringent NOx and volatile organic compound (VOC) flue gas regulation was set force for various emission sources. The conventional emission control technologies such as SCR for NOx treatment and incineration and catalysts treatment for VOCs have limitations in terms of costs and performance. A novel economical and cost effective device is mandated to meet the regulation. A new approach consists of flue gas adsorption, desorption (concentration and adsorbent regeneration), followed by nonthermal plasma decomposition was developed. These hybrid processes make the flue gas volume order of magnitude small, resulting in the reduction of the energy cost, reactor size and power supply. This concept was applied for NOx, various VOCs and hazardous air pollutants treatment. More than 90% of NOx and VOCs reduction was achieved using a series of surface discharge units. The energy efficiencies of 3.35 g(NO2)/kWh for NOx and 34.2 g/kWh for toluene were achieved using concentration technique, followed by surface discharge plasma reactor. This process results one order of magnitude energy and cost effective, compared with the continuous low concentration plasma treatment.
对各种排放源实施了严格的氮氧化物和挥发性有机化合物(VOC)排放法规。传统的排放控制技术,如用于NOx处理和焚烧的SCR以及用于VOCs的催化剂处理,在成本和性能方面存在局限性。一种新颖的、经济的、具有成本效益的设备被要求满足规定。提出了一种烟气吸附-解吸(浓缩-吸附剂再生)-非热等离子体分解的新方法。这些混合工艺使烟气体积小了一个数量级,从而减少了能源成本、反应器尺寸和电力供应。该概念应用于氮氧化物、各种挥发性有机化合物和有害空气污染物的处理。使用一系列表面排放装置,可减少90%以上的氮氧化物和挥发性有机化合物。采用浓缩技术和表面放电等离子体反应器处理NOx和甲苯的效率分别为3.35 g(NO2)/kWh和34.2 g/kWh。与连续低浓度等离子体处理相比,该工艺的能量和成本效益提高了一个数量级。
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引用次数: 6
Control study of Fuel Cell, Battery and Solar Hybridization Power Sources 燃料电池、蓄电池和太阳能混合电源的控制研究
Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2010.5615325
M. Becherif, M. Ayad, M. Wack
As distributed power sources become increasingly prevalent in the near future, power electronics will be able to provide significant advantages in processing power from renewable energy sources using fast response and autonomous control. Fuel cells, photovoltaic devices and storage batteries sources produce a significant power in hybrid power structure. In this paper, the Uninterruptible power source part of this multisource charger is especially considered in the point of view of its dynamic modeling, its control strategy and the energy management of the whole device. Simulation and experimentation results are presented.
随着分布式电源在不久的将来变得越来越普遍,电力电子技术将能够在使用快速响应和自主控制的可再生能源处理电源方面提供显着优势。在混合动力结构中,燃料电池、光伏器件和储能电池是重要的电源来源。本文从不间断电源部分的动态建模、控制策略以及整个设备的能量管理等方面进行了详细的研究。给出了仿真和实验结果。
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引用次数: 9
Simulation of a Medium Frequency Mesh Network for Communications in Underground Mines 矿井通信中频网格网络的仿真
Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2010.5616011
M. Souryal, Fabien Valoit, Hui Guo, N. Moayeri, N. Damiano, D. Snyder
Signals at the lower end of the medium frequency range (300 kHz to 3 MHz) propagate with relatively low attenuation along existing metallic infrastructure in an underground mine, such as cables, pipes and rails. Exploiting this capability, low-bandwidth medium frequency mesh networks are being developed to extend digital voice and data communications throughout a mine. This paper presents a network modeling and simulation tool that can be used to plan and evaluate medium frequency mesh networks in mines. Examples are given of mine communication scenarios that can be modeled and the quantitative analysis that can be performed using communication performance metrics such as end-to-end delay and packet delivery rate.
中频范围低端(300 kHz至3 MHz)的信号沿地下矿山现有的金属基础设施(如电缆、管道和轨道)以相对较低的衰减传播。利用这种能力,正在开发低带宽中频网状网络,以扩展整个矿山的数字语音和数据通信。本文提出了一种网络建模仿真工具,可用于规划和评价矿井中频网格网络。给出了可以使用端到端延迟和分组传输速率等通信性能指标进行建模和定量分析的矿山通信场景示例。
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引用次数: 2
DSP-Based Fuzzy Neural Network PI/PD-Like Fuzzy Controller for Motion Controls and Drives 基于dsp模糊神经网络的运动控制与驱动类PI/ pd模糊控制器
Pub Date : 2010-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/IAS.2010.5614081
A. Rubaai, P. Young
In this paper, an on-line trained fuzzy neural-network PI/PD controller is developed and implemented for speed trajectory tracking of a brushless drive system. The fuzzy neural network (FNN) structure is basically composed of two parallel fuzzy-neural PI/PD-like fuzzy controllers. Each of the fuzzy-neural PI/PD controllers is a four layer control network. Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is used to adaptively train each FNN parameters on-line. The on-line learning mechanism modifies the weights and the membership functions of the parallel FNN PI/PD-like fuzzy controllers to adaptively control the rotor speed of the drive system. Thus, the proposed architecture-based EKF presents an alternative to control schemes employed so far. The entire system is designed and implemented in the laboratory using a hardware setup. The real-time laboratory implementation is based on a dSPACE DS1104 DSP and MATLAB/Simulink environment. Experimental results have shown that the proposed controller adaptively and robustly responds to a wide range of operating conditions.
本文开发并实现了一种在线训练模糊神经网络PI/PD控制器,用于无刷驱动系统的速度轨迹跟踪。模糊神经网络(FNN)结构基本上由两个并行的模糊神经类PI/ pd模糊控制器组成。每个模糊神经PI/PD控制器都是一个四层控制网络。扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)用于在线自适应训练FNN各参数。在线学习机制通过修改并联FNN类PI/ pd模糊控制器的权值和隶属函数,实现对驱动系统转子转速的自适应控制。因此,所提出的基于体系结构的EKF提供了迄今为止所采用的控制方案的替代方案。整个系统的设计和实现在实验室中使用硬件设置。实时实验室的实现是基于dSPACE DS1104 DSP和MATLAB/Simulink环境。实验结果表明,所提出的控制器能够自适应和鲁棒地响应广泛的操作条件。
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引用次数: 9
期刊
2010 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting
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