Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.53555/eijaer.v10i1.101
Ahmad Ullah Khan, Hassan Ahmad, Zaryab Khan, Manahil Noor, Marwa Bibi, Abdul Majeed Khan
{"title":"UNRAVELING THE COMPLEXITIES OF SOIL MICROBIOMES: A REVIEW OF THEIR ROLE IN CROP PRODUCTION AND HEALTH","authors":"Ahmad Ullah Khan, Hassan Ahmad, Zaryab Khan, Manahil Noor, Marwa Bibi, Abdul Majeed Khan","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v10i1.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v10i1.101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140391867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.53555/eijaer.v10i1.97
Rida Fatima, Usama Basharat, Anila Safdar, Irfan Haidri, Arooj Fatima, Ans Mahmood, Qudrat Ullah, Khadija Ummer, Muhammad Qasim
{"title":"AVAILABILITY OF PHOSPHOROUS TO THE SOIL, THEIR SIGNIFICANCE FOR ROOTS OF PLANTS AND ENVIRONMENT.","authors":"Rida Fatima, Usama Basharat, Anila Safdar, Irfan Haidri, Arooj Fatima, Ans Mahmood, Qudrat Ullah, Khadija Ummer, Muhammad Qasim","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v10i1.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v10i1.97","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"16 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140477507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-27DOI: 10.53555/eijaer.v10i1.93
Qudrat Ullah, Muhammad Qasim, Ayesha Abaidullah, Rabia Afzal, Muneeb, Ans Mahmood, Arooj Fatima, Irfan Haidri
{"title":"EXPLORING THE INFLUENCE OF NANOPARTICLES AND PGPRS ON THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WHEAT PLANTS: A REVIEW","authors":"Qudrat Ullah, Muhammad Qasim, Ayesha Abaidullah, Rabia Afzal, Muneeb, Ans Mahmood, Arooj Fatima, Irfan Haidri","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v10i1.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v10i1.93","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140491865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hossain, Md. Muaz Hussain, Aminul Islam Himel, Md. Erfanul Haque, Jubaier Khalid Maruf
Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh and a city of at least 22.5 million people made it one of the most densely populated countries in the world which suffered unrecoverable damage to the green areas of the city (Nation, 2021). Having the most polluted air, the residents of this city are forced to live in a dusty, polluted, toxic, and poisonous environment. The rapid growth of Bangladesh`s capital has destroyed crucial ecosystems, caused rising temperatures, and quickly lost its green. One of the ways to bring back its green area, and good air in any particular area is “rooftop gardening”. This research focuses on the impact of rooftop gardening on people and the environment. What are the challenges of the garden and how to deal with it has been identified in this research. The benefits of rooftop gardening and what are the present scenario have been described in this study. For this, aim of this study is to explore the prospects of rooftop gardening in Dhaka city. The purpose of the study is to find out the effectiveness of gardening based on economic and environmental concerns. This study has been conducted by collecting primary and secondary data. Both types of primary data such as qualitative and quantitative data have been used to complete the analysis part. The data collection has been done by questionnaire survey conducted at selected households. By analysing the data, it is found that rooftop gardening is economically profitable. There is some decent amount of income coming from gardening. Besides, rooftop gardening is quite environmentally beneficial. It reduces temperature by almost 2.3⁰C of the roof and 1.9⁰C of the top floor of the building. Finally, some recommendations have been provided to deal with the challenges as well as to improve the present scenario of rooftop gardening in the study area.
{"title":"PROSPECTS OF ROOFTOP GARDENING IN DHAKA CITY: A CASE STUDY ON KADAMTALI THANA","authors":"M. Hossain, Md. Muaz Hussain, Aminul Islam Himel, Md. Erfanul Haque, Jubaier Khalid Maruf","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v9i2.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v9i2.76","url":null,"abstract":"Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh and a city of at least 22.5 million people made it one of the most densely populated countries in the world which suffered unrecoverable damage to the green areas of the city (Nation, 2021). Having the most polluted air, the residents of this city are forced to live in a dusty, polluted, toxic, and poisonous environment. The rapid growth of Bangladesh`s capital has destroyed crucial ecosystems, caused rising temperatures, and quickly lost its green. One of the ways to bring back its green area, and good air in any particular area is “rooftop gardening”. This research focuses on the impact of rooftop gardening on people and the environment. What are the challenges of the garden and how to deal with it has been identified in this research. The benefits of rooftop gardening and what are the present scenario have been described in this study. For this, aim of this study is to explore the prospects of rooftop gardening in Dhaka city. The purpose of the study is to find out the effectiveness of gardening based on economic and environmental concerns. This study has been conducted by collecting primary and secondary data. Both types of primary data such as qualitative and quantitative data have been used to complete the analysis part. The data collection has been done by questionnaire survey conducted at selected households. By analysing the data, it is found that rooftop gardening is economically profitable. There is some decent amount of income coming from gardening. Besides, rooftop gardening is quite environmentally beneficial. It reduces temperature by almost 2.3⁰C of the roof and 1.9⁰C of the top floor of the building. Finally, some recommendations have been provided to deal with the challenges as well as to improve the present scenario of rooftop gardening in the study area.","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116189875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Application of semi-variogram analysis in measuring spatial variability and distribution of selected soil properties in Northeast Akwa Ibom State, was carried out.The aim was to assess spatial variability and distribution of selected soil properties in the study area for effective site-specific soil management and precision agriculture using semi-variogram analysis. A digital elevation model (DEM) of the study area was acquired from United State Geological Survey (USGS) at 30m resolution. Slope gradient map that is capable of capturing the short-scale spatial variability of soil properties in the study area was generated from the DEM to guide field sampling. Modified conditioned Latin hypercube sampling technique was used in selecting observation points. Soil samples were collected from each observation point at 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm depths using soil auger. A total of 152 soil samples were collected for laboratory analysis. Analysed data of depth interval of 0-30cm and 30-60 cm were integrated to form depth interval of 0-60 cm. The data were subjected to normality test to ascertain the normal distribution of the data. Selected soil properties were subjected to semi-variogram analysis. The study revealed that slope gradient was able to captured short scale spatial variation in some soil properties understudy. Soil texture of the flat/nearly flat was sand in both surface and subsurface soil and sand in the surface soil and loamy sand in the subsurface soil in gently sloping and sloping. Soil pH was slightly acid in in flat/nearly flat and gently sloping and strongly acid in the sloping area in both surface and subsurface soil. Organic carbon was very high in the flat/nearly flat and gently sloping and high in sloping topography in both surface and subsurface soil. Total N was low in the sloping area and moderately low in gently sloping and nearly flat /flat. Base saturation was very high in the sloping topography and high in the gently sloping and nearly flat /flat. The results of semi-variogram analysis showed that all the selected soil properties exhibited spatial dependence within some distances. The range was 136.2 m for sand, 76.4m for silt, 1.6 m for clay, 1.7m for soil pH, 9.4m for organic carbon, 7.1m for total N, 9.2m for available P and 7.8 m for exchangeable K in the study area. Beyond this range, there is no longer relationship between sample points and sample values are not related to one another. The strength of the spatial dependence of sand, silt, soil pH, organic carbon, total N and available P was moderate; exchangeable K was strong while clay was weak. The semi- variance (sill) was 57.4 for sand, 23.8 for silt, 7.15 for clay, 0.21 for soil pH, 1.18 for organic carbon, 0.002 for total N, 85.1 for available P, and 0.03 for exchangeable K. The nugget variance or nugget effect was 25.9 for sand, 10.2 for silt, 5.9 for clay, 0.06 for soil pH, 0.60 for organic carbon, 0.001 for total N, 33.4 for available P and 0.003 for exchangeab
{"title":"APPLICATION OF SEMI-VARIOGRAM ANALYSIS IN MEASURING SPATIAL VARIABILITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF SELECTED SOIL PROPERTIES IN NORTHEAST AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"A. U.S, Essien, G. E., Umana S. U.","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v9i1.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v9i1.70","url":null,"abstract":"Application of semi-variogram analysis in measuring spatial variability and distribution of selected soil properties in Northeast Akwa Ibom State, was carried out.The aim was to assess spatial variability and distribution of selected soil properties in the study area for effective site-specific soil management and precision agriculture using semi-variogram analysis. A digital elevation model (DEM) of the study area was acquired from United State Geological Survey (USGS) at 30m resolution. Slope gradient map that is capable of capturing the short-scale spatial variability of soil properties in the study area was generated from the DEM to guide field sampling. Modified conditioned Latin hypercube sampling technique was used in selecting observation points. Soil samples were collected from each observation point at 0-30 cm and 30-60 cm depths using soil auger. A total of 152 soil samples were collected for laboratory analysis. Analysed data of depth interval of 0-30cm and 30-60 cm were integrated to form depth interval of 0-60 cm. The data were subjected to normality test to ascertain the normal distribution of the data. Selected soil properties were subjected to semi-variogram analysis. The study revealed that slope gradient was able to captured short scale spatial variation in some soil properties understudy. Soil texture of the flat/nearly flat was sand in both surface and subsurface soil and sand in the surface soil and loamy sand in the subsurface soil in gently sloping and sloping. Soil pH was slightly acid in in flat/nearly flat and gently sloping and strongly acid in the sloping area in both surface and subsurface soil. Organic carbon was very high in the flat/nearly flat and gently sloping and high in sloping topography in both surface and subsurface soil. Total N was low in the sloping area and moderately low in gently sloping and nearly flat /flat. Base saturation was very high in the sloping topography and high in the gently sloping and nearly flat /flat. The results of semi-variogram analysis showed that all the selected soil properties exhibited spatial dependence within some distances. The range was 136.2 m for sand, 76.4m for silt, 1.6 m for clay, 1.7m for soil pH, 9.4m for organic carbon, 7.1m for total N, 9.2m for available P and 7.8 m for exchangeable K in the study area. Beyond this range, there is no longer relationship between sample points and sample values are not related to one another. The strength of the spatial dependence of sand, silt, soil pH, organic carbon, total N and available P was moderate; exchangeable K was strong while clay was weak. The semi- variance (sill) was 57.4 for sand, 23.8 for silt, 7.15 for clay, 0.21 for soil pH, 1.18 for organic carbon, 0.002 for total N, 85.1 for available P, and 0.03 for exchangeable K. The nugget variance or nugget effect was 25.9 for sand, 10.2 for silt, 5.9 for clay, 0.06 for soil pH, 0.60 for organic carbon, 0.001 for total N, 33.4 for available P and 0.003 for exchangeab","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"156 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126659557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Setiyono, D. Sugianto, M. Helmi, G. Handoyo, I. Pratikto, R. Ario
The coast of Semarang City every year always faces flood and tidal problems. Flooding is generally caused by the ongoing rainy season, while tidal flows are caused by rising Java sea levels before the interseason change. This study aims to find the relationship between the tidal incident on May 23, 2022 on the coast of Semarang City with the tidal pattern at the Port of Semarang, and find out the distribution of tidal flows based on the height of inundation in the coastal area of Semarang City. The material used is daily tide data on May 23, 2022, monthly tide data April-May 2022. Data on the distribution of high inundation was obtained based on field surveys and interviews. The results showed that the peak of java sea level elevation occurred on May 23, 2022 with an altitude at the tide staff of 210 cm. Rob occurs almost evenly along the north coast of Semarang City with different heights. The largest tidal height occurred in the Semarang Port Area, which reached a puddle height of 100 cm. There are supposes that the amount of inundation at the site is related to the land subsidence at the site that continues to occur.
{"title":"ROB ANALYSIS ON THE COAST OF SEMARANG CITY (CENTRAL JAVA, INDONESIA) ON MAY 23, 2022 BASED ON TIDAL DATA AND INUNDATION DISTRIBUTION","authors":"H. Setiyono, D. Sugianto, M. Helmi, G. Handoyo, I. Pratikto, R. Ario","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v9i1.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v9i1.69","url":null,"abstract":"The coast of Semarang City every year always faces flood and tidal problems. Flooding is generally caused by the ongoing rainy season, while tidal flows are caused by rising Java sea levels before the interseason change. This study aims to find the relationship between the tidal incident on May 23, 2022 on the coast of Semarang City with the tidal pattern at the Port of Semarang, and find out the distribution of tidal flows based on the height of inundation in the coastal area of Semarang City. The material used is daily tide data on May 23, 2022, monthly tide data April-May 2022. Data on the distribution of high inundation was obtained based on field surveys and interviews. The results showed that the peak of java sea level elevation occurred on May 23, 2022 with an altitude at the tide staff of 210 cm. Rob occurs almost evenly along the north coast of Semarang City with different heights. The largest tidal height occurred in the Semarang Port Area, which reached a puddle height of 100 cm. There are supposes that the amount of inundation at the site is related to the land subsidence at the site that continues to occur.","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116328553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new agricultural revolution is required to improve crop yield while also ensuring food quality and safety in a sustainable manner. Nano-priming affects biochemical pathways as well as the equilibrium of reactive oxygen compounds and plants growth hormones. This enhances stress and disease tolerance, resulting in a decrease in fertilizers and pesticides. Nano-priming alters biochemical systems and the balance of reactive oxygen compounds and PGR, causing stress and disease resistance and a reduction in fertilizers and pesticides. The current study gives an overview of achievements in the sector, highlighting the obstacles and opportunities for using nanotechnology in seed nano-priming to contribute to sustainable agriculture practices. Nano priming can be treated to seeds to protect them during storage, promote germination, germination synchronization, and plant development, and boost crop tolerance to biotic or abiotic stress conditions, which can assist to minimize the amount of pesticides and fertilizers needed.
{"title":"SEED PRIMING AND FORTIFICATION OF SEEDS USING NANOTECHNOLOGY: A REVIEW","authors":"Raghav Garg, Sudha Maheshwari","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v9i1.68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v9i1.68","url":null,"abstract":"A new agricultural revolution is required to improve crop yield while also ensuring food quality and safety in a sustainable manner. Nano-priming affects biochemical pathways as well as the equilibrium of reactive oxygen compounds and plants growth hormones. This enhances stress and disease tolerance, resulting in a decrease in fertilizers and pesticides. Nano-priming alters biochemical systems and the balance of reactive oxygen compounds and PGR, causing stress and disease resistance and a reduction in fertilizers and pesticides. The current study gives an overview of achievements in the sector, highlighting the obstacles and opportunities for using nanotechnology in seed nano-priming to contribute to sustainable agriculture practices. Nano priming can be treated to seeds to protect them during storage, promote germination, germination synchronization, and plant development, and boost crop tolerance to biotic or abiotic stress conditions, which can assist to minimize the amount of pesticides and fertilizers needed.","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123820358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In nature, seeds are typically the primary method of plant propagation. Some plants can be vegetatively propagated but conventional methods are time consuming, expensive and cannot produce plants at larger scale. Synthetic seed technology could play a significant role in the production of artificial seeds, or Syn-seeds. Somatic embryos lacked crucial auxiliary tissues like endosperm and protective coverings, which made them difficult to handle and store. Two kinds of somatic embryos are known as desiccated and hydrated seeds based on the techniques developed thus far. The goal of this study is to emphasize the historical and current status of the creation of synthetic seeds. The micropropagation method is still one of the main barriers to the advancement of artificial seed technology. Despite the use of somatic embryos for artificial seed generation in a variety of plant species, there are still some significant problems that must be resolved before progress can be made. The synthetic seed process is a godsend for the vegetative multiplication, conservation, & long-term conservation of rare, endangered, and vulnerable species' superior germplasm. The current scenario of artificial seed to advance agriculture innovation still requires more practical directed appliances.
{"title":"SYNTHETIC SEED TECHNOLOGY, APPLICATION AND FUTURE TRENDS","authors":"Raghav Garg, Sudha Maheshwari","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v9i1.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v9i1.67","url":null,"abstract":"In nature, seeds are typically the primary method of plant propagation. Some plants can be vegetatively propagated but conventional methods are time consuming, expensive and cannot produce plants at larger scale. Synthetic seed technology could play a significant role in the production of artificial seeds, or Syn-seeds. Somatic embryos lacked crucial auxiliary tissues like endosperm and protective coverings, which made them difficult to handle and store. Two kinds of somatic embryos are known as desiccated and hydrated seeds based on the techniques developed thus far. The goal of this study is to emphasize the historical and current status of the creation of synthetic seeds. The micropropagation method is still one of the main barriers to the advancement of artificial seed technology. Despite the use of somatic embryos for artificial seed generation in a variety of plant species, there are still some significant problems that must be resolved before progress can be made. The synthetic seed process is a godsend for the vegetative multiplication, conservation, & long-term conservation of rare, endangered, and vulnerable species' superior germplasm. The current scenario of artificial seed to advance agriculture innovation still requires more practical directed appliances.","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127620029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-20DOI: 10.53555/ephaer.v8i12.1967
Mr.Ajith K, D. Pr
Consumption of natural bioactive compounds and dietary fibre offers health benefits and protection against various diseases .The focus of this research was to develop papaya peel flour from raw papaya and utilizing the papaya peel flour for the development of value added chapatti. Fresh papaya was blanched, peeled, cut into small pieces, further washed and treated with sanitizer, tray dried and finally grinded to powder form. Prepared papaya peel flour was evaluated for chemical analysis. In the present study the moisture (%), ash (%), acidity, fat (%), insoluble solid(%),soluble solid(%), protein content(%), vitamin C, total fibre, total carbohydrate and antioxidant content of papaya peel flour were estimated as 13.63%, 5.25%, 163% ,1%, 80%, 20%, 8.64%,22I.U,33.5%,38.88% and 514.6mg/100gm respectively. Papaya peel flour fortified chapatti were formulated by incorporating 5%, 7.5% and 10% papaya peel flour with ordinary flour in the present investigation. Experimental result revealed 5% peel flour formulated chapatti gives the best results in terms of physicochemical quality. The physicochemical and nutritional quality parameters viz. moisture(%), ash(%), acidity, fat(%),vitamin C, insoluble solid (%),soluble solid(%),protein content(%),total fibre, total carbohydrate and antioxidant content of all fortified varieties of chapatti were determined. The best result obtained for 5% papaya peel fortified chapatti and was determined as 10.35%, 4.5%, 0.02%, 15.4%, .31U, 85%, 15%,9.3%,.017%,60.43% and 9gm/100gm respectively. Now the experimental result revealed that papaya peel flour fortified chapatti contains significant amount of protein and antioxidant in comparison to its ordinary counterpart which improves its nutritional characteristics. Sensory evaluations of all fortified varieties were also carried out and it was found that 5% papaya peel flour blend for chapatti formulation was acceptable. Therefore 5% papaya peel flour based formulated chapatti proves enhanced nutritional properties, physicochemical characteristics and organoleptic attributes.
{"title":"DEVELOPMENT OF PAPAYA PEEL FLOUR BASED CHAPATTI AND EVALUATION OF ITS QUALITY","authors":"Mr.Ajith K, D. Pr","doi":"10.53555/ephaer.v8i12.1967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/ephaer.v8i12.1967","url":null,"abstract":"Consumption of natural bioactive compounds and dietary fibre offers health benefits and protection against various diseases .The focus of this research was to develop papaya peel flour from raw papaya and utilizing the papaya peel flour for the development of value added chapatti. Fresh papaya was blanched, peeled, cut into small pieces, further washed and treated with sanitizer, tray dried and finally grinded to powder form. Prepared papaya peel flour was evaluated for chemical analysis. In the present study the moisture (%), ash (%), acidity, fat (%), insoluble solid(%),soluble solid(%), protein content(%), vitamin C, total fibre, total carbohydrate and antioxidant content of papaya peel flour were estimated as 13.63%, 5.25%, 163% ,1%, 80%, 20%, 8.64%,22I.U,33.5%,38.88% and 514.6mg/100gm respectively. Papaya peel flour fortified chapatti were formulated by incorporating 5%, 7.5% and 10% papaya peel flour with ordinary flour in the present investigation. Experimental result revealed 5% peel flour formulated chapatti gives the best results in terms of physicochemical quality. The physicochemical and nutritional quality parameters viz. moisture(%), ash(%), acidity, fat(%),vitamin C, insoluble solid (%),soluble solid(%),protein content(%),total fibre, total carbohydrate and antioxidant content of all fortified varieties of chapatti were determined. The best result obtained for 5% papaya peel fortified chapatti and was determined as 10.35%, 4.5%, 0.02%, 15.4%, .31U, 85%, 15%,9.3%,.017%,60.43% and 9gm/100gm respectively. Now the experimental result revealed that papaya peel flour fortified chapatti contains significant amount of protein and antioxidant in comparison to its ordinary counterpart which improves its nutritional characteristics. Sensory evaluations of all fortified varieties were also carried out and it was found that 5% papaya peel flour blend for chapatti formulation was acceptable. Therefore 5% papaya peel flour based formulated chapatti proves enhanced nutritional properties, physicochemical characteristics and organoleptic attributes.","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129034430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Regression model of topography with the distribution of selected soil properties in Northeast Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria was carried out. The aim was to establish a regression model of topography with the distribution of selected soil properties in Northeast Akwa Ibom State for soil properties predictions and management. Topographic map (or elevation map) of the study area was generated from digital elevation model (DEM) at 30m resolution acquired from United State Geological Survey (USGS). It was classified into three elevation classes of lower elevation (0-50 masl), middle elevation (50-100 masl) and higher elevation (100-150 masl) to guide field sampling. With the aid of Global Positioning System (GPS), the classes obtained from topographic map were cross-checked (ground-truthing) in the field. Modified Conditioned Latin Hypercube Sampling Method was used in selecting observation points. Each observation point was purposively selected to fall within the classes of topographic map to give a good coverage of both feature space (classes of topographic map) and geographical space (study area). A total of 120 soil samples were collected at a depth of 0-30cm and 30-60 cm using soil auger. The samples were taken to the laboratory for analysis. The results revealed variation in soil properties among the three topographic classes under study. Sand fraction was significantly higher (p > 0.05) in lower elevation than other elevation classes while silt and clay fractions were significantly higher (p > 0.05) in the middle and higher elevations than lower elevation in the study area. Soil pH was significantly higher (p > 0.05) (slightly acid) in the lower elevation than middle and higher elevations (moderately acid). Electrical conductivity and base saturation were significantly higher (p > 0.05) in the lower elevation than middle and higher elevations. Organic carbon, total N, ECEC, exchangeable Mg and exchangeable K were significantly higher (p > 0.05) in the middle elevation than that of lower and higher elevations. Available P of higher elevation was significantly higher (p > 0.05) than that of lower and middle elevations. The study also showed that topography accounted for 3 % variation of sand and silt fractions; 5 % variation of clay fraction and 4 % variation of soil pH. Topography also explained 19 % variation of available P, 8.4 % variation of exchangeable K and 5.5 % variation of organic carbon and total N in the study area. The remaining fractions of variation may be attributed to other factors of soil formation such as parent material, climate, organism and time.
{"title":"REGRESSION MODEL OF TOPOGRAPHY WITH THE DISTRIBUTION OF SELECTED SOIL PROPERTIES IN NORTHEAST AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"A. U.S, U. A.","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v1i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v1i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Regression model of topography with the distribution of selected soil properties in Northeast Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria was carried out. The aim was to establish a regression model of topography with the distribution of selected soil properties in Northeast Akwa Ibom State for soil properties predictions and management. Topographic map (or elevation map) of the study area was generated from digital elevation model (DEM) at 30m resolution acquired from United State Geological Survey (USGS). It was classified into three elevation classes of lower elevation (0-50 masl), middle elevation (50-100 masl) and higher elevation (100-150 masl) to guide field sampling. With the aid of Global Positioning System (GPS), the classes obtained from topographic map were cross-checked (ground-truthing) in the field. Modified Conditioned Latin Hypercube Sampling Method was used in selecting observation points. Each observation point was purposively selected to fall within the classes of topographic map to give a good coverage of both feature space (classes of topographic map) and geographical space (study area). A total of 120 soil samples were collected at a depth of 0-30cm and 30-60 cm using soil auger. The samples were taken to the laboratory for analysis. The results revealed variation in soil properties among the three topographic classes under study. Sand fraction was significantly higher (p > 0.05) in lower elevation than other elevation classes while silt and clay fractions were significantly higher (p > 0.05) in the middle and higher elevations than lower elevation in the study area. Soil pH was significantly higher (p > 0.05) (slightly acid) in the lower elevation than middle and higher elevations (moderately acid). Electrical conductivity and base saturation were significantly higher (p > 0.05) in the lower elevation than middle and higher elevations. Organic carbon, total N, ECEC, exchangeable Mg and exchangeable K were significantly higher (p > 0.05) in the middle elevation than that of lower and higher elevations. Available P of higher elevation was significantly higher (p > 0.05) than that of lower and middle elevations. The study also showed that topography accounted for 3 % variation of sand and silt fractions; 5 % variation of clay fraction and 4 % variation of soil pH. Topography also explained 19 % variation of available P, 8.4 % variation of exchangeable K and 5.5 % variation of organic carbon and total N in the study area. The remaining fractions of variation may be attributed to other factors of soil formation such as parent material, climate, organism and time.","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125710826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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