I. Sudarma, Ni Nengah Darmiati, N. Suniti, I. Bagus, Dwi Widaningsih
Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) was a vegetable crops cultivated in the highlands to meet the needs of the community vegetable. The main obstacle was the cultivation of cabbage root disease outbreak mace (clubroot), which until now have not found an effective control techniques. Clubroot disease caused by organisms that resemble fungi: Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor. Which was the soil inhibitant and soil borne pathogen. Therefore, there must be a way to control environmentally friendly by using suppressive soil, find microbes antagonists related to the cabbage plant habitat in the soil. The results showed that the index of diversity both on suppressive and conducive soil of 1.2304 and 1.2811 respectively, and the index of dominance on the suppressive and conducive soil were 0.6677 and 0.6838. Prevalence micoflora of the suppressive soil amounted to 44.22 % and 43.06 % conducive soil all dominated by Fusarium spp. Microbial antagonist as a potential control of P. brassicae was Trichoderma sp . Based on the analysis in the suppressive soil as much as 171 x 103 cfu /g soil, higher than on the conducive soil to 90 x 103 cfu /g soil.
{"title":"SOIL FUNGAL DIVERSITY IN CABBAGE HABITATS WITH AND WITHOUT CLUBROOT SYMPTOM","authors":"I. Sudarma, Ni Nengah Darmiati, N. Suniti, I. Bagus, Dwi Widaningsih","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v4i1.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v4i1.28","url":null,"abstract":"Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) was a vegetable crops cultivated in the highlands to meet the needs of the community vegetable. The main obstacle was the cultivation of cabbage root disease outbreak mace (clubroot), which until now have not found an effective control techniques. Clubroot disease caused by organisms that resemble fungi: Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor. Which was the soil inhibitant and soil borne pathogen. Therefore, there must be a way to control environmentally friendly by using suppressive soil, find microbes antagonists related to the cabbage plant habitat in the soil. The results showed that the index of diversity both on suppressive and conducive soil of 1.2304 and 1.2811 respectively, and the index of dominance on the suppressive and conducive soil were 0.6677 and 0.6838. Prevalence micoflora of the suppressive soil amounted to 44.22 % and 43.06 % conducive soil all dominated by Fusarium spp. Microbial antagonist as a potential control of P. brassicae was Trichoderma sp . Based on the analysis in the suppressive soil as much as 171 x 103 cfu /g soil, higher than on the conducive soil to 90 x 103 cfu /g soil. ","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"37 8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124525083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of 23 olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars (13 local and 10 Introduced) to olive leaf spot (peacock eye) disease caused by Spilocaea oleagina, in order to select the highest tolerant cultivars for olive breeding and genetic improvement programs. This research was carried out on 2016 In Bouka Center for Research and Plant Production, Lattakia, Syria. Three trees of each cultivar were selected and 100 young leaves/tree, not showing any disease symptom, were collected and tested by 5% NaOH treatment. Latent and severity infection of olive leaf spot were estimated. The results were subjected to ANOVA analysis at a significant level of 5%.Percentage of infected leaves varied between analyzed cultivars, the highest percentage of infection (92.67%) was detected in Dermlali cultivar while the lowest one (4%) was revealed in Zorzalina. The maximum percentage of infection severity (67.25%) was shown in Abo-Satl cultivar while the minimum value (1.17%) was found in the Spanish Zorzalina and Gordal cultivars Based on tolerance level against Spilocaea oleagina, the cultivars were divided into five groups. The first group was classified as very tolerant and was represented by Zorzalina, Chemlal, Gordal, and Picholine cultivars, followed by tolerant (Jlot and Coratina), moderately tolerant (Frantoio cultivar), susceptible (Khdairi, Hmaisi, Klkali, Mnaikiri, Dan, Mosaabi, Konservolia and Tanche) and very susceptible (Mhati, Dermlali, Sorani, Doaibli, Abo Satl, Kaisy, and Trilia). No full resistance was detected in any of the analyzed cultivars.
{"title":"SCREENING OF SOME OLIVE CULTIVARS (OLEA EUROPAEA L.) FOR TOLERANCE TO SPILOCAEA OLEAGINA.","authors":"Y. Mahfoud, W. Choumane, Faisal Doai","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v3i2.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v3i2.25","url":null,"abstract":"This research aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of 23 olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars (13 local and 10 Introduced) to olive leaf spot (peacock eye) disease caused by Spilocaea oleagina, in order to select the highest tolerant cultivars for olive breeding and genetic improvement programs. This research was carried out on 2016 In Bouka Center for Research and Plant Production, Lattakia, Syria. Three trees of each cultivar were selected and 100 young leaves/tree, not showing any disease symptom, were collected and tested by 5% NaOH treatment. Latent and severity infection of olive leaf spot were estimated. The results were subjected to ANOVA analysis at a significant level of 5%.Percentage of infected leaves varied between analyzed cultivars, the highest percentage of infection (92.67%) was detected in Dermlali cultivar while the lowest one (4%) was revealed in Zorzalina. The maximum percentage of infection severity (67.25%) was shown in Abo-Satl cultivar while the minimum value (1.17%) was found in the Spanish Zorzalina and Gordal cultivars Based on tolerance level against Spilocaea oleagina, the cultivars were divided into five groups. The first group was classified as very tolerant and was represented by Zorzalina, Chemlal, Gordal, and Picholine cultivars, followed by tolerant (Jlot and Coratina), moderately tolerant (Frantoio cultivar), susceptible (Khdairi, Hmaisi, Klkali, Mnaikiri, Dan, Mosaabi, Konservolia and Tanche) and very susceptible (Mhati, Dermlali, Sorani, Doaibli, Abo Satl, Kaisy, and Trilia). No full resistance was detected in any of the analyzed cultivars.","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129511039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was conducted in Konta Special Woreda at Opa-lashe Kebele during meher season of the year 2016. The objective of the study was to demonstrate, disseminate and recommend the best performing chickpeas varieties. The study was carried out in twelve farmers’ field and one Farmer Training Center. Farmers were considered as replications. Training was given for the selected farmers, development agents and Woreda experts about improved chickpea technologies production and management. Then after, two varieties (Arerti and Natoli) were demonstrated in plot size of 100m2. NPS and Seed rate used was 100 kg and 140kg per hectare respectively. The spacing between plots, rows and plants was 1m, 30cm and 10 cm respectively. Farmers evaluated and selected the varieties depending on their criteria's set. The ranking procedure was explained for participant farmers and each selection criterion was rated from 1 to 5. The listed traits in the criteria were earliness, number of pods per plant, resistance to disease and grain yield. The descriptive statistics result showed that the variety Natoli was with better mean grain yield performance followed by Arerti. The combined result of mean grain yield and farmers’ performance score suggested that both Natoli and Arerti varieties were selected by the village farmers because of their ability to bear more pods per plant, large seed size, disease resistance and high grain yield but variety Natoli was selected as farmers’ first choice for its higher grain yield compared with Arerti. Moreover, farmers calling for governmental and non-governmental organizations which promote large scale chickpea production with full packages in the study area.
该研究于2016年春季在Opa-lashe Kebele的Konta Special wooreda进行。研究的目的是展示、推广和推荐表现最好的鹰嘴豆品种。研究在12个农民田间和1个农民培训中心进行。农民被认为是复制品。为选定的农民、发展机构和wooreda专家提供了改进鹰嘴豆技术、生产和管理的培训。随后，在100m2的地块上进行了2个品种(Arerti和Natoli)的示范。NPS和种子率分别为每公顷100 kg和140kg。畦距、行距和株距分别为1m、30cm和10cm。农民根据他们的标准来评估和选择品种。向参与农民解释了排序程序，并对每个选择标准进行了从1到5的评分。标准中列出的性状为早熟性、单株荚果数、抗病性和产量。描述性统计结果表明，纳托里的平均产量表现较好，其次是阿雷蒂。平均产量与农民绩效评分的综合结果表明，Natoli和Arerti品种均因单株结荚多、种子大小大、抗病、产量高而被村民选择，但Natoli品种因产量高于Arerti而成为农民首选品种。此外，农民呼吁政府和非政府组织在研究地区推广鹰嘴豆的大规模生产，并提供完整的包装。
{"title":"PRE-EXTENSION DEMONSTRATION OF IMPROVED CHICKPEA VARIETIES IN KONTA SPECIAL WOREDA OF SOUTHERN NATION NATIONALITIES AND PEOPLES REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA.","authors":"B. Tufo, A. Abdala","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v4i1.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v4i1.26","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted in Konta Special Woreda at Opa-lashe Kebele during meher season of the year 2016. The objective of the study was to demonstrate, disseminate and recommend the best performing chickpeas varieties. The study was carried out in twelve farmers’ field and one Farmer Training Center. Farmers were considered as replications. Training was given for the selected farmers, development agents and Woreda experts about improved chickpea technologies production and management. Then after, two varieties (Arerti and Natoli) were demonstrated in plot size of 100m2. NPS and Seed rate used was 100 kg and 140kg per hectare respectively. The spacing between plots, rows and plants was 1m, 30cm and 10 cm respectively. Farmers evaluated and selected the varieties depending on their criteria's set. The ranking procedure was explained for participant farmers and each selection criterion was rated from 1 to 5. The listed traits in the criteria were earliness, number of pods per plant, resistance to disease and grain yield. The descriptive statistics result showed that the variety Natoli was with better mean grain yield performance followed by Arerti. The combined result of mean grain yield and farmers’ performance score suggested that both Natoli and Arerti varieties were selected by the village farmers because of their ability to bear more pods per plant, large seed size, disease resistance and high grain yield but variety Natoli was selected as farmers’ first choice for its higher grain yield compared with Arerti. Moreover, farmers calling for governmental and non-governmental organizations which promote large scale chickpea production with full packages in the study area. ","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130625062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Toleba Seidou Mamam, B. Gauthier, Zannou Afio, Saïdou Aliou
En vue de vérifier l’hypothèse selon laquelle le niveau d’efficacité économique d’un système de production à base de maïs peut influencer sa productivité, une étude d’inefficacité économique a été conduite auprès de 411 exploitants maïzicoles dans les principaux foyers de production de maïs au Bénin. La recherche s’est fondée sur une évaluation des performances techniques de ces exploitations en utilisant le modèle de la frontière stochastique en vue d’évaluer les niveaux d’efficacité économique de 3 systèmes de production à savoir les grandes exploitations à système de production intensif; les exploitations moyennes ; et les petites exploitations de subsistance peu productives, optant pour la sécurité alimentaire de l’exploitant. À l’aide d’un modèle de régression tronquée Tobit, il a été établi une relation entre les indices d’efficacité économique et quelques variables exogènes ou attributs. Les résultats ont montré que seulement 22,70% des variations du profit annuel des producteurs enquêtés sont expliquées par les variations des variables introduites dans ledit modèle, et que la variation de l’output est due à l’inefficacité économique. Alors, 77,3% de ces variations seraient attribuables aux facteurs aléatoires et aux variables non incluses dans le modèle. La variation de l’output est due à l’inefficacité de la combinaison des facteurs de production. Il ressort également que les niveaux d’indices d’Efficacité Allocative varient entre 0,85 et 0,99. L’efficacité moyenne est de 0,93 pour l’ensemble combiné des 3 systèmes de production. Malgré la maîtrise de la technologie de production, les exploitants du système des "petites exploitations de subsistance" n’allouent pas efficacement les ressources productives. Cette inefficacité allocative proviendrait surtout du prix relativement élevé de la main-d’œuvre dans ledit système. En revanche, on note une plus grande efficacité économique pour les" grandes exploitations à système de production intensif " avec un indice de 0,79 comparativement aux 2 autres types. Si le producteur moyen de tous les systèmes de production à base de maïs devrait atteindre la performance économique du producteur le plus performant, il pourrait réaliser une économie de ressources de 20,21% sur ses coûts actuels de production.
{"title":"EFFICACITE ECONOMIQUE DES SYSTEMES DE PRODUCTION DANS UNE AMELIORATION DE LA PRODUCTIVITE DE MAÏS AU BENIN.","authors":"Toleba Seidou Mamam, B. Gauthier, Zannou Afio, Saïdou Aliou","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v4i1.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v4i1.29","url":null,"abstract":"En vue de vérifier l’hypothèse selon laquelle le niveau d’efficacité économique d’un système de production à base de maïs peut influencer sa productivité, une étude d’inefficacité économique a été conduite auprès de 411 exploitants maïzicoles dans les principaux foyers de production de maïs au Bénin. La recherche s’est fondée sur une évaluation des performances techniques de ces exploitations en utilisant le modèle de la frontière stochastique en vue d’évaluer les niveaux d’efficacité économique de 3 systèmes de production à savoir les grandes exploitations à système de production intensif; les exploitations moyennes ; et les petites exploitations de subsistance peu productives, optant pour la sécurité alimentaire de l’exploitant. À l’aide d’un modèle de régression tronquée Tobit, il a été établi une relation entre les indices d’efficacité économique et quelques variables exogènes ou attributs. Les résultats ont montré que seulement 22,70% des variations du profit annuel des producteurs enquêtés sont expliquées par les variations des variables introduites dans ledit modèle, et que la variation de l’output est due à l’inefficacité économique. Alors, 77,3% de ces variations seraient attribuables aux facteurs aléatoires et aux variables non incluses dans le modèle. La variation de l’output est due à l’inefficacité de la combinaison des facteurs de production. Il ressort également que les niveaux d’indices d’Efficacité Allocative varient entre 0,85 et 0,99. L’efficacité moyenne est de 0,93 pour l’ensemble combiné des 3 systèmes de production. Malgré la maîtrise de la technologie de production, les exploitants du système des \"petites exploitations de subsistance\" n’allouent pas efficacement les ressources productives. Cette inefficacité allocative proviendrait surtout du prix relativement élevé de la main-d’œuvre dans ledit système. En revanche, on note une plus grande efficacité économique pour les\" grandes exploitations à système de production intensif \" avec un indice de 0,79 comparativement aux 2 autres types. Si le producteur moyen de tous les systèmes de production à base de maïs devrait atteindre la performance économique du producteur le plus performant, il pourrait réaliser une économie de ressources de 20,21% sur ses coûts actuels de production.","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117198550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Subarna Sharma, N. Acharya, S. Adhikari, K. K. Mishra
With the objective of identifying high yielding wheat varieties for irrigated condition of midwestern region of Nepal, Coordinated Varietal Trials (CVT) of wheat were planted under irrigated conditions at Regional Agriculture Research Station (RARS) Khajura in winter season of 2011/12 and 2012/13. Trials were planted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and recommended cultivation practices were followed. Various phenological, morphological and yield attributing traits were recorded. Obtained data of both years were analyzed by using MSTATC software program. Correlation and path analysis for yield was conducted by using SPSS and MS-Excel. Combined analysis over year indicated highly significant differences among the genotypes in terms of days to heading, days to maturity, thousand kernels weight, grain yield and straw yield. The difference was significant for plant height but non-significant in terms of grains per spike. Among the tested entries included in the experiment, NL 1135 had late heading and maturity. In contrast, genotype BL 3978 was earliest. Genotype Gautam was obtained to be tallest and Thousand kernels weight was obtained highest in genotype BL3978. Grain yield was obtained significantly high over the years in NL1094 followed by NL 1135. Maximum straw yield was obtained in genotype NL 1094 followed by NL1135. Correlation coefficient computation showed that days to maturity had highest positive correlation (0.684**) with days to heading. Path analysis for yield revealed that thousand kernels weight had the highest positive value (0.732681) as compared to direct effect of other traits.
{"title":"ANALYSIS FOR YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF WHEAT GENOTYPES UNDER IRRIGATED CONDITIONS IN MID-WESTERN TERAI OF NEPAL","authors":"Subarna Sharma, N. Acharya, S. Adhikari, K. K. Mishra","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v1i2.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v1i2.20","url":null,"abstract":"With the objective of identifying high yielding wheat varieties for irrigated condition of midwestern region of Nepal, Coordinated Varietal Trials (CVT) of wheat were planted under irrigated conditions at Regional Agriculture Research Station (RARS) Khajura in winter season of 2011/12 and 2012/13. Trials were planted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and recommended cultivation practices were followed. Various phenological, morphological and yield attributing traits were recorded. Obtained data of both years were analyzed by using MSTATC software program. Correlation and path analysis for yield was conducted by using SPSS and MS-Excel. Combined analysis over year indicated highly significant differences among the genotypes in terms of days to heading, days to maturity, thousand kernels weight, grain yield and straw yield. The difference was significant for plant height but non-significant in terms of grains per spike. Among the tested entries included in the experiment, NL 1135 had late heading and maturity. In contrast, genotype BL 3978 was earliest. Genotype Gautam was obtained to be tallest and Thousand kernels weight was obtained highest in genotype BL3978. Grain yield was obtained significantly high over the years in NL1094 followed by NL 1135. Maximum straw yield was obtained in genotype NL 1094 followed by NL1135. Correlation coefficient computation showed that days to maturity had highest positive correlation (0.684**) with days to heading. Path analysis for yield revealed that thousand kernels weight had the highest positive value (0.732681) as compared to direct effect of other traits.","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125538817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study reports the diversity of plant resources of Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh, India for their traditional food and edible uses. The use of above ground parts like leaves, fruits and seeds and other aerial parts, stem, branch, flowers/inflorescence, was found to be higher as compare underground parts include roots, bulb and rhizome. In view of changing of food habits of local communities of Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh, a study to document the native plant resources of food importance and traditional recipes was conducted. Both cultivated and wild edible plant species were documented through scheduled interviewed with the help of respondents the questionnaires were filled up. After conducting the survey in the whole district the plant species of food importance were identified and a large number of traditional food items were enumerated. The relationship between plant species of food importance and sustainable livelihood were also discussed. It was observed that urbanization posing a threat to the plant diversity of the area as well traditional knowledge and cultural practices of the rural peoples.
{"title":"NATIVE PLANT RESOURCES AND TRADITIONAL FOODS OF CHAMBA DISTRICT, HIMACHAL PRADESH FOR SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURITY AND LIVELIHOOD.","authors":"Pawan K.Attri","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v3i2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v3i2.19","url":null,"abstract":"The present study reports the diversity of plant resources of Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh, India for their traditional food and edible uses. The use of above ground parts like leaves, fruits and seeds and other aerial parts, stem, branch, flowers/inflorescence, was found to be higher as compare underground parts include roots, bulb and rhizome. In view of changing of food habits of local communities of Chamba district of Himachal Pradesh, a study to document the native plant resources of food importance and traditional recipes was conducted. Both cultivated and wild edible plant species were documented through scheduled interviewed with the help of respondents the questionnaires were filled up. After conducting the survey in the whole district the plant species of food importance were identified and a large number of traditional food items were enumerated. The relationship between plant species of food importance and sustainable livelihood were also discussed. It was observed that urbanization posing a threat to the plant diversity of the area as well traditional knowledge and cultural practices of the rural peoples.","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131603596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents the qualitative impairment of ambient air due to sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, particulate matters and carbon monoxide which are emitted from ACC Cement Factory in Barmana city. Barmana is situated at 31` 25.022’ N latitude and 76` 49.789`E longitude. Barman is about 18 km north of Bilaspur on National Highway NH-21 connecting Ambala and Mandi, Passes through ACC Gagal and its colony. The raw material for the cement factory comes from the place kowari which is located at 31` 24.490` N of 680m. The ill effect of these ambient air pollution on human health such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and Ischemic heart disease and other diseases occur by cement are (respiratory diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, blood pressure diseases, dental diseases, eye diseases, skin diseases). Cement industry is a potential anthropogenic source of air pollution. It is a major contributor to dust, nitrogen oxides (No), sulfur oxides (SOx), and carbon monoxide (CO) in metropolitan areas. In cement industries, dust is emitted from stock piles, quarrying, and transportation of raw materials, kilns operation, clinker cooling and milling. Therefore the study on air pollution and related impacts on human health have a special consideration today. The human populations of all selected sites were surveyed for prevalence of various diseases such as common diseases occur by cement are (lung cancer, eye irritation, cough, cold, T.B., dental problem, skin diseases, asthma etc.), hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and Ischemic heart disease from the result and observation.
{"title":"STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH STATUS IN VICINITY OF ACC CEMENT PLANT BARMANA, BILASPUR DISTRICT (H.P.)","authors":"Pawan K.Attri, Sufalica Kalia","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v3i2.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v3i2.17","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the qualitative impairment of ambient air due to sulphur dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, particulate matters and carbon monoxide which are emitted from ACC Cement Factory in Barmana city. Barmana is situated at 31` 25.022’ N latitude and 76` 49.789`E longitude. Barman is about 18 km north of Bilaspur on National Highway NH-21 connecting Ambala and Mandi, Passes through ACC Gagal and its colony. The raw material for the cement factory comes from the place kowari which is located at 31` 24.490` N of 680m. The ill effect of these ambient air pollution on human health such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and Ischemic heart disease and other diseases occur by cement are (respiratory diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, blood pressure diseases, dental diseases, eye diseases, skin diseases). Cement industry is a potential anthropogenic source of air pollution. It is a major contributor to dust, nitrogen oxides (No), sulfur oxides (SOx), and carbon monoxide (CO) in metropolitan areas. In cement industries, dust is emitted from stock piles, quarrying, and transportation of raw materials, kilns operation, clinker cooling and milling. Therefore the study on air pollution and related impacts on human health have a special consideration today. The human populations of all selected sites were surveyed for prevalence of various diseases such as common diseases occur by cement are (lung cancer, eye irritation, cough, cold, T.B., dental problem, skin diseases, asthma etc.), hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and Ischemic heart disease from the result and observation.","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130306414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A field experiment was conducted to evaluation the effect of mode of application with integrated nutrient management on growth and yield and chickpea, field experiments was carried out in 2013-14 growing seasons. Experimental units were arranged in Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The highest amounts of yield and yield components were obtained in Basal application with 80% of inorganic source of fertilizer with seed treatment of PSB. The significant highest seed yield 18.62 q hectare-1 was calculated with basal mode of fertilizer application which was 8.38%, 9.46% and 16.73% more seed yield over seed incorporation, broad casting and control. The highest benefit cost ratio 1.93 was also calculated with the same treatment. All of the growth characters viz. plant height, number of primary branches, fresh weight, dry weight at harvest and yield attributes i.e. number of pods plant-1, number of seeds plant-1 and number of seeds pod-1 were found to be significantly maximum in basal application of 80% of inorganic source with PSB seed treatment.
{"title":"INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT AND THEIR APPLICATION IN CHICK PEA (CICER ARIETINUM L)","authors":"N. Verma, B. K. Pandey, R. Mahan, Adarsh Kumar","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v3i2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v3i2.16","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted to evaluation the effect of mode of application with integrated nutrient management on growth and yield and chickpea, field experiments was carried out in 2013-14 growing seasons. Experimental units were arranged in Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The highest amounts of yield and yield components were obtained in Basal application with 80% of inorganic source of fertilizer with seed treatment of PSB. The significant highest seed yield 18.62 q hectare-1 was calculated with basal mode of fertilizer application which was 8.38%, 9.46% and 16.73% more seed yield over seed incorporation, broad casting and control. The highest benefit cost ratio 1.93 was also calculated with the same treatment. All of the growth characters viz. plant height, number of primary branches, fresh weight, dry weight at harvest and yield attributes i.e. number of pods plant-1, number of seeds plant-1 and number of seeds pod-1 were found to be significantly maximum in basal application of 80% of inorganic source with PSB seed treatment.","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128070292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was undertaken from 2009 to 2011 in order to understand the current status of wetlands in district Chamba. The study was conducted in Khajjiar wetland and its catchments area for biodiversity. Repeated visits were made to the field to record the flora and vegetation of the area. In India, majority of the wetlands are badly affected and some of them are even highly threatened or on the verge of extinction mainly due to anthropogenic interventions. The remaining wetlands also threatened by air and water pollutants, and hydrologic alterations. Natural wetlands in India consist of high altitude Himalayan lakes. According to International importance, there are 25 Ramsar sites in India out of them 3 wetlands in the State of Himachal Pradesh have been declared as wetlands of international importance. The Khajjiar wetland is one of important lake although it is not an international importance. It is important because of socio-cultural and ecological values and services it provides. Presently lake is under threat due to anthropogenic pressures. The problem is further accentuated because of loss of water quality data, ecological services, information etc. Thus it is necessary to reclaim and develop the wetlands for its optimum potential use, for this a reliable and accurate data base is required. Therefore, present study endeavour aimed to generate data base in terms of socio-cultural and ecological aspects i.e. physical aspects / land use, extent of water spread and its water quality, vegetation status of catchments area and surrounding of lake and to determine the importance of these wetlands for the local people and to give an indication of the distribution of the benefits among various stakeholders.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION & RESTORATION OF KHAJJIAR WETLAND, CHAMBA (H.P)","authors":"Pawan K.Attri","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v3i2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v3i2.18","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was undertaken from 2009 to 2011 in order to understand the current status of wetlands in district Chamba. The study was conducted in Khajjiar wetland and its catchments area for biodiversity. Repeated visits were made to the field to record the flora and vegetation of the area. In India, majority of the wetlands are badly affected and some of them are even highly threatened or on the verge of extinction mainly due to anthropogenic interventions. The remaining wetlands also threatened by air and water pollutants, and hydrologic alterations. Natural wetlands in India consist of high altitude Himalayan lakes. According to International importance, there are 25 Ramsar sites in India out of them 3 wetlands in the State of Himachal Pradesh have been declared as wetlands of international importance. The Khajjiar wetland is one of important lake although it is not an international importance. It is important because of socio-cultural and ecological values and services it provides. Presently lake is under threat due to anthropogenic pressures. The problem is further accentuated because of loss of water quality data, ecological services, information etc. Thus it is necessary to reclaim and develop the wetlands for its optimum potential use, for this a reliable and accurate data base is required. Therefore, present study endeavour aimed to generate data base in terms of socio-cultural and ecological aspects i.e. physical aspects / land use, extent of water spread and its water quality, vegetation status of catchments area and surrounding of lake and to determine the importance of these wetlands for the local people and to give an indication of the distribution of the benefits among various stakeholders. ","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121384295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Government of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka these all countries South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries denoted to as “Contracting States”. Commitment of South Asia Preferential Tarde Agreement among SAARC countries in 1995 and South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) in 2005 to promote the regional cooperation for getting benefit on the base of many rules and regulation creating equality, remove the barriers on trade between all SAARC countries. When remove barriers on trade then sustainable growth through trade in economy of all SAARC countries.
{"title":"TRADE POLICIES OF SOUTH ASIAN ASSOCIATION OF REGIONAL COOPERATION COUNTRIES (RESEARCH PAPER)","authors":"M. Bilal, H. Tayyab, M. A. Ullah, N. Mahmood","doi":"10.53555/eijaer.v3i2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/eijaer.v3i2.13","url":null,"abstract":"The Government of Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka these all countries South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries denoted to as “Contracting States”. Commitment of South Asia Preferential Tarde Agreement among SAARC countries in 1995 and South Asian Free Trade Agreement (SAFTA) in 2005 to promote the regional cooperation for getting benefit on the base of many rules and regulation creating equality, remove the barriers on trade between all SAARC countries. When remove barriers on trade then sustainable growth through trade in economy of all SAARC countries.","PeriodicalId":319265,"journal":{"name":"EPH - International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122842143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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