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Diversity Includes Disability: Experiences of Resilience in a University Residence 多样性包括残疾:大学宿舍的弹性经验
Pub Date : 2019-12-18 DOI: 10.24085/jsaa.v7i2.3826
P. T. Duma
The provision of residence accommodation is a persistent challenge that is faced by universities across the globe. However, suitable accommodation for students with disabilities is an even greater challenge that is exacerbated by the absence of appropriately designed, maintained and managed residences. In particular, the adverse impact on wheelchair users and students whose disabilities require specific design adaptations is acute. This article will focus on the experiences of students with disabilities in university residences. The study on which this article is based employed a phenomenological theoretical approach with ‘resilience’ as the conceptual framework. The findings reveal that many stressors impacted students with disabilities in university residences and that these stressors potentially hampered their performance.  However, these students developed personal attributes and ways of responding to the stressors they encountered, and many devised social networks utilisation to address their challenges and navigate institutional barriers. A particular focus was that embracing diversity is crucial for all operations at universities to counteract the discrimination and stigmatisation that are often experienced by students with disabilities.
提供住宿是全球大学面临的一个长期挑战。然而,为残疾学生提供合适的住宿是一项更大的挑战,而缺乏适当设计、维护和管理的住宿则加剧了这一挑战。特别是,对轮椅使用者和残疾学生的不利影响需要特殊的设计适应是严重的。这篇文章将重点介绍残疾学生在大学宿舍的经历。本文所依据的研究采用现象学的理论方法,以“弹性”为概念框架。研究结果表明,许多压力源影响着大学宿舍里的残疾学生,这些压力源可能会阻碍他们的表现。然而,这些学生发展了个人属性和应对他们遇到的压力源的方法,许多人设计了社交网络来解决他们的挑战和克服制度障碍。一个特别的重点是,拥抱多样性对于大学的所有运作至关重要,以消除残疾学生经常遭受的歧视和污名化。
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引用次数: 2
Kinds of Support Offered by the Disability Unit to Students with Disabilities at Institutions of Higher Learning in South Africa: A Case Study of the University of Venda 南非高等院校残疾事务股向残疾学生提供的各种支助:以文达大学为例
Pub Date : 2019-12-18 DOI: 10.24085/jsaa.v7i2.3825
T. Mbuvha
More and more tertiary institutions are now focusing on the mainstreaming and inclusion of students with disabilities. Some higher education institutions (HEIs) in South Africa have established so‑called Disability Units (DUs) to offer specialised services to students with disabilities, to facilitate access and integration of these students at their institutions. For many students with disabilities, the DU services are the first point of contact. These units work to facilitate access and ensure participation in the university for students with disabilities. This involves making “reasonable adjustments” and providing support for students with disabilities to ensure full participation and equal opportunities.  Students with disabilities who will need support and alternative arrangements range from students with hearing impairments, visual impairments, physical impairments, health impairments (such as chronic illness), learning impairments, or psychiatric disabilities. Although universities, both locally and internationally, may systematise support in slightly different ways, many universities follow similar trends to accommodate and support students with specific disabilities as per their needs. Appropriate support systems in teaching and learning are vital in ensuring equal access for students with disabilities. The commitment of the institution to facilitating support and participation depends on its willingness to change admission, curricular and assessment procedures, as well as physical accessibility of the institution. We have seen from the literature that support for students with disabilities varies from country to country (Lane, 2017; Mantsha, 2016). We followed a qualitative research approach and adopted a case study research design to understand the phenomenon of student support better. We used classroom observations, document analysis and focus group interviews to collect data. Ten students with disabilities participated in the study. The study found that the DU of the university played an important role in supporting their studies. However, the students did not receive adequate additional support from their lecturers such as tutorials and differentiation of the curriculum. Shortage of learning materials specifically adapted for students with disabilities was mentioned as a weakness. The study recommends that lecturers should be trained on how to teach and support students with disabilities as this will enhance the quality of teaching and learning for these students. Other recommendations include that the DU should establish an online interactive portal for its registered students to increase communication between students and the university.
现在,越来越多的高等教育机构开始关注残疾学生的主流化和包容性。南非的一些高等教育机构设立了所谓的残疾单位,向残疾学生提供专门服务,便利这些学生进入其机构并融入其中。对于许多残疾学生来说,DU的服务是第一个接触点。这些单位的工作是促进残疾学生进入大学并确保他们参与。这包括做出“合理调整”,并为残疾学生提供支持,以确保他们充分参与和平等机会。需要支持和替代安排的残疾学生包括听力障碍、视力障碍、身体障碍、健康障碍(如慢性病)、学习障碍或精神残疾的学生。虽然本地及国际大学的系统支援方式可能略有不同,但许多大学都遵循类似的趋势,根据有特殊残疾的学生的需要,接纳和支持他们。适当的教学支持系统对于确保残疾学生平等获得机会至关重要。院校对促进支持和参与的承诺取决于其是否愿意改变录取、课程和评估程序,以及院校的实际可及性。我们从文献中看到,对残疾学生的支持因国家而异(Lane, 2017;Mantsha, 2016)。为了更好地了解学生支持现象,我们采用了定性研究方法和案例研究设计。我们使用课堂观察、文献分析和焦点小组访谈来收集数据。10名残疾学生参与了这项研究。研究发现,该大学的DU在支持他们的学习方面发挥了重要作用。然而,学生们并没有从他们的讲师那里得到足够的额外支持,比如辅导课和课程的区分。缺少专门为残疾学生设计的学习材料被认为是一个缺点。该研究建议,应培训讲师如何教授和支持残疾学生,因为这将提高这些学生的教学质量。其他建议包括杜大应为其注册学生建立一个在线互动门户网站,以增加学生与学校之间的交流。
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引用次数: 9
The Role of Student Housing in Student Success: An Ethnographic Account 学生宿舍在学生成功中的作用:一个民族志的描述
Pub Date : 2019-12-18 DOI: 10.24085/jsaa.v7i2.3822
N. Xulu-Gama
The role of university student housing in the lives of undergraduate students has changed. While student housing used to be understood only as a space to accommodate students who primarily come from out of town, now universities have started using student housing strategically to advance the success of the students. Student housing is now used to build sustainable living and learning student environments in the interests of promotion of student access and success. Through an ethnographic account, where the researcher spent two consecutive semesters living in an undergraduate university residence which accommodates 577 students, the article provides an ‘insider-outsider’ interpretation of students’ context for success from one of the South African university student residences. This article uses Tinto’s theory of student integration model to frame an understanding of students’ experiences and perceptions of success. It further highlights socioeconomic hardships as well as stories of caring and partnerships that students experience in their journeys towards success. These student experiences are very relevant to their integration into the university culture and systems and are critically important to the success of the student. This article concludes that the role of student housing is key to student success as it provides various opportunities for support from fellow students and staff.
大学生宿舍在大学生生活中的作用已经发生了变化。虽然学生公寓过去被认为只是一个容纳主要来自外地的学生的空间,但现在大学已经开始战略性地利用学生公寓来促进学生的成功。学生宿舍现在被用来建立可持续的生活和学习的学生环境,以促进学生的机会和成功。通过民族志的叙述,研究者连续两个学期住在一个容纳577名学生的本科大学宿舍里,这篇文章提供了一个“局内人-局外人”的解释,从一个南非大学的学生宿舍中,学生的成功背景。本文运用Tinto的学生整合模型理论来理解学生的经验和对成功的看法。它进一步强调了社会经济困难,以及学生在走向成功的旅程中所经历的关怀和伙伴关系的故事。这些学生的经历与他们融入大学文化和系统非常相关,对学生的成功至关重要。这篇文章的结论是,学生宿舍的作用是学生成功的关键,因为它提供了各种机会,从同学和工作人员的支持。
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引用次数: 4
The Best that I Can Be: A Case for a Strengths-Based Approach during the First‑Year Experience 我能做到的最好:第一年经验中基于优势方法的案例
Pub Date : 2019-12-18 DOI: 10.24085/jsaa.v7i2.3827
H. Mason
More South African research is needed that examines the application of positive psychology to assist students in navigating the stressful first‑year experience by identifying, developing and applying signature strengths. This article reports on a mixed methods study that investigated the efficacy of a strengths-based development programme presented to a sample of 55 first‑year university students (mean age = 19.77, SD = 1.50, female = 60%). Quantitative data were collected in a pre- and post-intervention manner using the Personal Growth Initiative Scale, the Subjective Happiness Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale and the Strengths Use and Deficit Improvement Questionnaire.  Qualitative data were collected in individual semi-structured interviews (n = 12, age range = 18‑22).  Significant changes between the pre- and post‑test scores emerged when comparing the quantitative data. The qualitative analysis pointed to aspects that participants regarded as beneficial to the efficacy of the strengths-based programme. Collectively, the data integration suggested that the intervention had a positive impact on participants’ sense of well‑being and contributed to enhancing the first‑year experience. Limitations and areas for further research conclude the discussion.
南非需要更多的研究来检验积极心理学的应用,通过识别、发展和应用标志性优势来帮助学生度过压力很大的第一年。本文报告了一项混合方法研究,该研究调查了55名大学一年级学生(平均年龄= 19.77,SD = 1.50,女性= 60%)的优势发展计划的有效性。采用个人成长主动性量表、主观幸福感量表、生活满意度量表和优势使用与缺陷改善问卷,在干预前和干预后收集定量数据。定性数据通过个人半结构化访谈收集(n = 12,年龄范围= 18 - 22)。在比较定量数据时,测试前和测试后的分数出现了显著变化。定性分析指出了与会者认为有利于基于优势的方案发挥效力的方面。总的来说,数据整合表明干预对参与者的幸福感有积极的影响,并有助于提高第一年的体验。限制和进一步研究的领域结束了讨论。
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引用次数: 6
Living Communities 生活社区
Pub Date : 2019-12-18 DOI: 10.24085/jsaa.v7i2.3820
Birgit Schreiber, T. Luescher, Teboho Moja
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引用次数: 1
IASAS Student Leader Global Summit 2019 2019国际会计准则学生领袖全球峰会
Pub Date : 2019-12-18 DOI: 10.24085/JSAA.V7I2.3830
Lisa Bardill Moscaritolo, Rozanne Engel, Tonia Overmeyer
Leadership and mental health came under the spotlight when more than 50 student leaders from all over the world met at Stellenbosch University (SU) from 23 to 26 June 2019 for the International Association of Student Affairs and Services (IASAS) Student Leader Global Summit. It was the first time that SU hosted this global summit for student leaders.  IASAS is a nonprofit organisation that was founded in Belgium in 2013. It is a worldwide association of university professionals working in the area of student affairs and services. IASAS has more than 1 400 individual, institutional and association members representing over 90 countries on five continents. The fourth IASAS Student Leader Global Summit (SLGS) welcomed 45 students from 14 countries across the world. The SLGS provides a global platform for improving multi- and intercultural communication and understanding amongst students. The goal of the summits is to bring student leaders from different parts of the world together to discuss student governance, leadership, social justice and other topics of shared interest.
2019年6月23日至26日,来自世界各地的50多名学生领袖在斯泰伦博斯大学(SU)参加国际学生事务与服务协会(IASAS)学生领袖全球峰会,领导能力和心理健康成为人们关注的焦点。这是苏大首次举办全球学生领袖峰会。IASAS是一个非营利组织,于2013年在比利时成立。它是一个由在学生事务和服务领域工作的大学专业人员组成的全球性协会。国际会计准则协会拥有来自五大洲90多个国家的1400多名个人、机构和协会成员。第四届IASAS学生领袖全球峰会(SLGS)迎来了来自全球14个国家的45名学生。SLGS为提高学生之间的多文化和跨文化交流和理解提供了一个全球性的平台。峰会的目标是将来自世界各地的学生领袖聚集在一起,讨论学生管理、领导力、社会正义和其他共同感兴趣的话题。
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引用次数: 0
The Relationships Between First‑Year Students’ Sense of Purpose and Meaning in Life, Mental Health and Academic Performance 一年级学生生活目的感、生活意义、心理健康和学业成绩的关系
Pub Date : 2019-12-18 DOI: 10.24085/jsaa.v7i2.3828
C. V. D. Walt
The research explored the relationships that exist between first‑year students’ sense of purpose and meaning in life, mental health and academic performance enrolled for courses with at‑risk subjects at a higher education institution. Empirical data was obtained from 269 participants (18‑22 years = 60.97%, female = 55.80%) who completed the Purpose in Life test and Mental Health Screening Questionnaire that assessed their sense of purpose and meaning in life and mental health. The average mark in four subjects during their mid-year examination denoted their academic performance. The results suggested that students were still exploring the nature of their sense of purpose and meaning in life (M = 109.21, SD = 21.05) and that small, significant relationships existed between their sense of purpose and meaning in life and mental health. These findings suggested that student practitioners should consider developing interventions to enhance first‑year students’ identification of their purpose and meaning in life that may inherently also aid their identity development. Likewise, practitioners should consider strengthening and/or developing interventions in critical mental health areas like depression, anxiety, post‑traumatic stress and alcohol use behaviour.
这项研究探讨了一年级学生的目标感和生活意义、心理健康和在高等教育机构参加高风险科目课程的学习成绩之间存在的关系。从269名参与者(18 - 22岁= 60.97%,女性= 55.80%)中获得经验数据,他们完成了生活目的测试和心理健康筛查问卷,评估了他们的生活目的感和意义感以及心理健康。在年中考试中,四门科目的平均分代表了他们的学习成绩。结果表明,学生仍在探索其生活目的感和意义的本质(M = 109.21, SD = 21.05),他们的生活目的感和意义与心理健康之间存在较小的显著关系。这些发现表明,学生从业人员应该考虑开发干预措施,以增强一年级学生对其生活目的和意义的识别,这可能从本质上也有助于他们的身份发展。同样,从业人员应考虑加强和/或制定针对抑郁、焦虑、创伤后应激和酗酒行为等关键心理健康领域的干预措施。
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引用次数: 2
Jansen, Jonathan D. (Ed.) (2019). Decolonisation in Universities: The Politics of Knowledge. Johannesburg, South Africa: Wits University Press. 詹森,乔纳森D.(编辑)(2019)。大学的非殖民化:知识政治。约翰内斯堡,南非:Wits大学出版社。
Pub Date : 2019-12-18 DOI: 10.24085/jsaa.v7i2.3832
Vicki Trowler
Reviewed by Vicki Trowler In my day job as a researcher of higher education, one of the topics I have studied and written about is student engagement. Engagement of, and by, students is now universally held to be central to student success (Trowler, 2010) and all of us working in this arena grapple with ways to facilitate this. Kahu and Nelson (2018) argue that an alignment of institutional and student factors unlocks student engagement, and thus learning. Specifically, when the curriculum is aligned with students’ interests, experiences and “future selves”, students will engage on an emotional level, so learning can take place. Preparing slides ahead of an undergraduate lecture, I sit staring at my computer screen, wondering as does every other lecturer preparing to teach, how best to make the material engaging, accessible, relevant. How do we best speak to not just the students’ past, current and “future selves”, but also their possible selves, subverting the predictions of “differential outcomes” that doom students from certain backgrounds (categorised by “race”, ethnicity, gender, social class, disability status, geography and the other cleavages to which inequality clings persistently) to lesser attainment?
作为一名高等教育研究人员,在我的日常工作中,我研究和撰写的主题之一是学生参与度。学生的参与和学生的参与现在被普遍认为是学生成功的核心(Trowler, 2010),我们所有在这个领域工作的人都在努力促进这一点。Kahu和Nelson(2018)认为,制度和学生因素的结合可以释放学生的参与度,从而促进学习。具体来说,当课程与学生的兴趣、经历和“未来自我”相一致时,学生将在情感层面上参与其中,因此学习也就发生了。在准备本科生讲座前的幻灯片时,我坐在那里盯着电脑屏幕,就像其他准备授课的讲师一样,思考着如何才能最好地让材料引人入胜、通俗易懂、切题。我们如何才能最好地谈论学生的过去、现在和“未来自我”,以及他们可能的自我,从而颠覆“差异结果”的预测,这种预测注定了来自特定背景的学生(按“种族”、民族、性别、社会阶层、残疾状况、地理位置和其他持续存在的不平等鸿沟进行分类)的成绩较低?
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引用次数: 0
Inserting Space into the Transformation of Higher Education 在高等教育转型中插入空间
Pub Date : 2019-10-03 DOI: 10.24085/jsaa.v7i1.3689
Philippa Tumubweinee, T. Luescher
In this article we argue for a socio-political conception of space in order to show how conceptualisations of space can provide conceptual tools in the reframing of policy and designing of policy interventions in pursuit of higher education transformation goals. In keeping with Lefebvre and others, we conceptualise space as a co-producer of social relations with agentic capability in the transformation of higher education. Using this understanding of space as a conceptual framework, we analyse four national cornerstone policy documents on higher education transformation in South Africa. We find that space is almost consistently conceived of only as an object in transformation – be it with respect to macro policy on mergers to reconfigure the apartheid spatial landscape of higher education, or with respect to discriminatory institutional cultures and the need to create secure and safe campus environments.  Since the landmark White Paper on Higher Education of 1997, it is only the most recent policy document we analyse, the Draft National Plan for Post-school Education and Training of 2017, which blurs the lines between the social ills affecting higher education, the student experience and student academic performance, and different functions of space. We conclude by introducing the conceptual tool of spatial types as an opening gambit for a research agenda that aims to explore the organisation of space in higher education institutions to identify the underlying rules that govern their social nature and promote conceptualisations of social space in the reframing and design of policy that respond to calls for the creation of transformed and ‘decolonised’ higher education, as heard in student movement campaigns in 2015/16.
在本文中,我们论证了空间的社会政治概念,以展示空间概念化如何在追求高等教育转型目标的政策重构和政策干预设计中提供概念性工具。与列斐伏尔和其他人保持一致,我们将空间概念化为社会关系的共同生产者,在高等教育的转型中具有代理能力。利用这种对空间的理解作为概念框架,我们分析了南非关于高等教育转型的四个国家基石政策文件。我们发现,空间几乎一直被认为只是一个转型的对象——无论是关于合并的宏观政策,以重新配置高等教育的种族隔离空间景观,还是关于歧视性的制度文化和创造安全的校园环境的需要。自1997年具有里程碑意义的《高等教育白皮书》发布以来,我们分析的最新政策文件是《2017年国家毕业后教育和培训规划草案》,该文件模糊了影响高等教育的社会弊病、学生体验和学习成绩以及空间不同功能之间的界限。最后,我们通过引入空间类型的概念工具作为研究议程的开场白,该研究议程旨在探索高等教育机构的空间组织,以确定管理其社会性质的潜在规则,并在政策的重构和设计中促进社会空间的概念化,以响应创建转型和“非殖民化”高等教育的呼吁,正如2015/16学生运动运动所听到的那样。
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引用次数: 1
Grasping the Regimes of Language, Space and Identity in the Visual of Post‑apartheid Higher Education in South Africa 后种族隔离时代南非高等教育视野中的语言、空间和身份制度
Pub Date : 2019-09-17 DOI: 10.24085/jsaa.v7i1.3697
G. Baillie, Marilyn Duker, Zamansele Nsele
In 2014, through the University of the Free State’s (UFS) Institute for Reconciliation and Social Justice (IRSJ), three South African universities partnered to collaborate on the pilot phase of a research project focused on understanding whether the Arts could enable social cohesion, as the 2012 National Development Plan (2030) had promoted.  The project, which had been conceptualised by one of the authors of this article in early 2014,1 followed both experience and observation of the challenges with regards this concept in the Arts, Culture and Heritage sectors of South Africa. Subsequent reflection and questioning of some of the related challenges, problematised the role that higher education had in societal transformation, and accordingly, in the conceptual development of social cohesion: Were universities creating appropriate conceptual frameworks and praxes required for the post-apartheid South African context?
2014年,通过自由邦大学(UFS)和解与社会正义研究所(IRSJ),三所南非大学合作开展了一项研究项目的试点阶段,该项目的重点是了解艺术是否可以促进社会凝聚力,正如2012年国家发展计划(2030)所促进的那样。该项目是由本文的一位作者在2014年初提出的概念,遵循了在南非艺术、文化和遗产部门对这一概念所面临的挑战的经验和观察。随后对一些相关挑战的反思和质疑,使高等教育在社会转型中的作用成为问题,相应地,在社会凝聚力的概念发展中:大学是否为后种族隔离的南非环境创造了适当的概念框架和实践?
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Student Affairs in Africa
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