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From Past to Present- the Development of Project Success Research 从过去到现在——项目成功研究的发展
Pub Date : 2020-05-15 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02301
Sina Moradi, K. Kähkönen, K. Aaltonen
Project success research has been a field of importance for more than three decades. The research field has been developing along the passed time; however, our understanding of this development is very limited. This study aims at understanding the longitudinal developments in the project success research field, and discussing and elaborating further results on the basis of previous studies. For this purpose, a literature study was conducted where the emergent research interests were identified. After that, two separate syntheses of success factors and criteria were developed for identifying the most often present ones (later termed weighty). Findings of this study present the evolution process of project success research. This directs one’s attention on the nature of project success research, leading research questions, main targets, outcomes and chronological presentation of the obtained results. In addition, this study led to interesting results concerning project success factors and criteria. The findings suggest that there are 65 factors, contributing to project success, among which communication, top management support, project manager’s competency, clear objectives and realistic obligation, monitoring and feedback, and risk management are the critical ones. Moreover, 13 frequently mentioned project success criteria in the literature were identified where meeting cost, meeting time, customer satisfaction, meeting quality, and business success are the top five ones. Findings of this study can be insightful for research community and project practitioners to be aware of the development process of project success research.
三十多年来,项目成功研究一直是一个重要的领域。随着时间的推移,研究领域不断发展;然而,我们对这一发展的了解非常有限。本研究旨在了解项目成功研究领域的纵向发展,并在前人研究的基础上讨论和阐述进一步的研究成果。为此,进行了一项文献研究,其中确定了新兴的研究兴趣。在那之后,开发了两个独立的成功因素和标准的综合,以确定最经常出现的因素(后来称为重量级)。本研究的结果呈现了项目成功研究的演进过程。这将引导人们关注项目成功研究的性质、主要研究问题、主要目标、结果和获得结果的时间顺序。此外,本研究还得出了有关项目成功因素和标准的有趣结果。研究结果表明,影响项目成功的因素有65个,其中沟通、高层支持、项目经理能力、明确的目标和现实的义务、监测和反馈以及风险管理是关键因素。此外,在文献中确定了13个经常提到的项目成功标准,其中会议成本、会议时间、客户满意度、会议质量和商业成功是前五个标准。本研究的发现对研究界和项目实践者了解项目成功研究的发展过程具有启发意义。
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引用次数: 13
Project Management: A Natural Career Destination for Military Veterans 项目管理:退伍军人的自然职业目标
Pub Date : 2020-05-15 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02304
Tracey M. Richardson, James W. Marion, Matthew P. Earnhardt, V. Anantatmula
This quantitative study surveys 595 United States military veterans from all four branches of the military in order to ascertain the degree to which the branches of the military prepare individuals for possible future careers in civilian project management roles. Further, the study compares the relative knowledge of project management technical skill areas, processes and personal competencies. Although all branches provided responses indicating a high degree of familiarity with and preparation for project management roles, some significant differences were observed in responses between military branches.
这项数量研究调查了来自所有四个军种的595名美国退伍军人,目的是确定各军种为将来可能从事民用项目管理工作的个人做好准备的程度。此外,该研究比较了项目管理技术技能领域、过程和个人能力的相关知识。虽然所有兵种提供的答复都表明对项目管理角色的熟悉程度和准备程度很高,但在各兵种之间的答复中观察到一些重大差异。
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引用次数: 0
How MCDM method minimizes the gap between portfolio planning and portfolio implementation. MCDM方法如何最小化项目组合规划和项目组合实施之间的差距。
Pub Date : 2020-05-15 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02308
Mostafa Keramatikerman
This paper presents a comparison between portfolio planning and portfolio implementation in Tanzania power sector and suggests a Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method which can be considered as a balanced approach in minimizing discrepancy between portfolio planning and implementation. The research is chiefly developed based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach and the subsequent data collection and data analysis were tailored to suit this approach. An extensive literature review ranging from various scholar papers to corporate research reports is undertaken to establish the most relevant project appraisal criteria in Tanzania power industry. Total of 15 experts took part in the survey in which the survey findings were integrated into the literature review toward structuring the proposed MCDM framework. The analysis of findings suggest the following insights; (1) inadequate cross-stakeholders engagement at portfolio planning stage observed in Tanzania power sector which is largely due to the confined and quantitative portfolio planning method; (2) MCDM should be used as a complementary method toward integrating non-tangible/qualitative variables into other quantitative criteria at portfolio planning stage, which can mitigate the extent of deviation between portfolio planning and implementation; (3) It is crucial to employ MCMD as a decision support tool toward prioritizing major infrastructure projects at portfolio planning stage to ensure the consistency between portfolio planning and implementation.
本文对坦桑尼亚电力部门的投资组合规划和投资组合实施进行了比较,提出了一种多准则决策方法(MCDM),该方法可以将投资组合规划和投资组合实施之间的差异最小化。本研究主要基于层次分析法(AHP)进行,后续的数据收集和数据分析也根据该方法进行了调整。通过对各种学者论文和企业研究报告的广泛文献综述,建立了坦桑尼亚电力行业最相关的项目评估标准。共有15名专家参加了调查,调查结果被纳入文献综述,以构建拟议的MCDM框架。对研究结果的分析提出了以下见解:(1)坦桑尼亚电力部门在投资组合规划阶段的交叉利益相关者参与不足,这主要是由于投资组合规划方法的局限性和定量;(2)在投资组合规划阶段,MCDM应作为一种将无形/定性变量整合到其他定量标准中的补充方法,以减轻投资组合规划与实施之间的偏差程度;(3)将MCMD作为重大基础设施项目投资组合规划阶段的决策支持工具,确保投资组合规划与实施的一致性至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Measuring Sustainable Development Goal Targets on Infrastructure Projects 衡量可持续发展目标关于基础设施项目的具体目标
Pub Date : 2020-05-15 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02303
P. Mansell, Simon P. Philbin
Achievement of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is of paramount importance.  Infrastructure projects are critical to facilitate this change at local and global levels, but a gap exists in understanding how to measure their SDG impact.  It is therefore important that research is conducted on how project management systems and processes can be further developed to enable SDG performance measurement on projects. This paper builds on a comprehensive literature review and supporting analysis in order to develop a conceptual framework to guide future research on measuring SDG impact on infrastructure projects.  The findings suggest using the ‘Triple Bottom Line’ during the lifecycle of projects, which provides a golden thread linking SDGs with project success criteria. This approach thereby balances economic business success with wider benefits to society and the environment and helps improve infrastructure project investment decisions.
实现联合国可持续发展目标至关重要。基础设施项目对于促进地方和全球层面的这一变革至关重要,但在理解如何衡量其对可持续发展目标的影响方面存在差距。因此,研究如何进一步开发项目管理系统和流程以实现可持续发展目标对项目的绩效衡量是很重要的。本文以全面的文献综述和支持性分析为基础,建立了一个概念框架,以指导未来关于衡量可持续发展目标对基础设施项目影响的研究。研究结果建议在项目生命周期中使用“三重底线”,它提供了一条连接可持续发展目标和项目成功标准的黄金线。因此,这种方法平衡了经济上的商业成功与更广泛的社会和环境利益,并有助于改善基础设施项目的投资决策。
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引用次数: 8
The Impact of Culture Diversification on Project Processes. Evidence from Dubai -UAE 文化多元化对项目过程的影响。来自阿联酋迪拜的证据
Pub Date : 2020-05-15 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02309
Kamal Jaafar
This research focuses on this relationship between national culture and project management and particularly project monitoring and control practices in the context of the multicultural society of United Arab Emirates. A detailed structured survey was conducted, the data acquired were tested through several descriptive and inferential statistical analysis and as a result there was an empirical evidence to the proposed relationship. The results of this research show that project based organizations should give more attention to the effect of culture on the way projects being managed, and should conduct cultural training as well as implementing processes and policies that targets this effect.
本研究的重点是民族文化与项目管理之间的关系,特别是在阿拉伯联合酋长国多元文化社会背景下的项目监测和控制实践。进行了详细的结构化调查,通过几次描述性和推断性统计分析对所获得的数据进行了测试,结果是对所提出的关系有经验证据。本研究的结果表明,以项目为基础的组织应该更多地关注文化对项目管理方式的影响,并应该进行文化培训,以及实施针对这种影响的流程和政策。
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引用次数: 2
Towards successful establishment of a project portfolio management system: business process management approach 迈向项目组合管理系统的成功建立:业务过程管理方法
Pub Date : 2020-05-15 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02302
Mahmoud Ershadi, Marcus Jefferies, P. Davis, M. Mojtahedi
Linking structures, processes and resources with corporate strategies is a key requirement of today’s organizations, bringing about integration toward achieving long-term objectives. Organizations can no longer rely on traditional practices since advanced systems and management approaches are being applied by their competitors. The project portfolio management (PPM) is a tool that plays a key role in collecting information from operational levels and consolidating them at the portfolio level for strategic decision-making. Establishment of this approach in organizations requires robust information systems, analytical software, decision-making structure, and governance framework to be in place. Primarily, a systematic perspective needs to be adopted to define, design and model all the necessary components of a PPM system. Business process management (BPM), as a systematic approach, can be effectively applied for this purpose. The aim of this study is to introduce one of the specific applications of the BPM approach in facilitating the systematic implementation of PPM in organizations. This theoretical study is exploratory in essence and tries to theorize the relationship between BPM and PPM to develop a conceptual framework highlighting the role of BPM in embedding all the necessary features of a PPM system. We found key functions of BPM that contribute to three aspects of PPM system namely; structure, infrastructure, and process. The findings introduce one of the important application of BPM in the management of project portfolios and also provide professionals with practical insight into how the BPM should be applied to facilitate the implementation of this system.
将结构、过程和资源与公司战略联系起来是当今组织的关键需求,从而实现实现长期目标的集成。组织不能再依赖传统的做法,因为先进的系统和管理方法正在被他们的竞争对手应用。项目组合管理(PPM)是一种工具,它在从操作级别收集信息并将它们整合到项目组合级别以进行战略决策方面起着关键作用。在组织中建立这种方法需要健壮的信息系统、分析软件、决策结构和治理框架到位。首先,需要采用系统的视角来定义、设计和建模PPM系统的所有必要组件。业务流程管理(BPM)作为一种系统方法,可以有效地应用于此目的。本研究的目的是介绍BPM方法在促进组织中系统实现PPM方面的一个具体应用。这一理论研究本质上是探索性的,并试图将BPM和PPM之间的关系理论化,以开发一个概念框架,突出BPM在嵌入PPM系统的所有必要特征中的作用。我们发现BPM的关键功能对PPM系统有三个方面的贡献:结构、基础设施和过程。这些发现介绍了BPM在项目组合管理中的一个重要应用,并为专业人员提供了如何应用BPM以促进该系统实现的实际见解。
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引用次数: 6
Identifying Project Opportunity Gaps Using a Descriptive Literature Review: 2010-2019 使用描述性文献综述识别项目机会差距:2010-2019
Pub Date : 2020-05-15 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02311
Valerie P. Denney, Siana T. Powell
The purpose of this paper is to identify gaps in the opportunity management literature (as a subset of overall risk management) and to identify future research in opportunity management. The methodology is non-experimental using a descriptive literature review content analysis of opportunity management articles published between 2010 and 2019. The identified strengths and weaknesses establish a future research agenda including process steps and tailoring, risk exposure, and balanced risk. The research resulted in a repeatable methodology that can be applied to other research domains in addition to the opportunity management research agenda.
本文的目的是确定机会管理文献中的差距(作为整体风险管理的一个子集),并确定机会管理的未来研究。该方法是非实验性的,使用描述性文献综述对2010年至2019年发表的机会管理文章进行内容分析。确定的优势和劣势建立了未来的研究议程,包括流程步骤和剪裁、风险暴露和平衡风险。这项研究产生了一种可重复的方法,可以应用于除了机会管理研究议程之外的其他研究领域。
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引用次数: 2
Co-evolution of Project Stakeholder Networks 项目干系人网络的共同演化
Pub Date : 2020-05-15 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02306
Ong Stephen, S. Uddin
Oftentimes a multitude of stakeholders from different backgrounds engage in projects from the onset through to the completion phase. These stakeholders not only offer unique qualities and viewpoints as well as diversely contribute to the success of a project, but simultaneously possess contrasting interests. The presence of common interests serves as the catalyst to the development and formation of what are known as stakeholder networks. Different networks of such evolve and re-develop throughout the different phases of a project. In this study, we aim to explore the impact on a corresponding network that a pre-existing network exerts onto another when the same set of nodes or actors are present. We also explore the impact that stakeholder attributes have on this co-evolution and co-development process. We used the method and concept of social network analysis to construct different stakeholder networks. The social network methods of network correlation and regression have been used to explore the co-evolution of two different stakeholder networks. Results show that different stakeholder networks among the same stakeholders do indeed co-evolve and that socio-demographic factors significantly influence the outcome of this stakeholder network development .
通常,来自不同背景的众多干系人从项目开始到完成阶段都参与其中。这些利益相关者不仅提供了独特的品质和观点,并对项目的成功做出了不同的贡献,而且同时拥有不同的利益。共同利益的存在促进了所谓利益相关者网络的发展和形成。在项目的不同阶段,这种不同的网络会进化和重新发展。在这项研究中,我们的目的是探索当存在相同的节点或参与者时,一个预先存在的网络对另一个相应网络的影响。我们还探讨了利益相关者属性对这种共同进化和共同发展过程的影响。运用社会网络分析的方法和概念,构建不同利益相关者网络。运用网络相关和回归的社会网络方法,探讨了两种不同利益相关者网络的共同演化。结果表明,同一利益相关者之间的不同利益相关者网络确实存在共同进化,社会人口因素显著影响了这种利益相关者网络发展的结果。
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引用次数: 2
Practitioner views on project management methodology (PMM) effectiveness 从业者对项目管理方法论(PMM)有效性的看法
Pub Date : 2020-05-15 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02310
S. Mcgrath, S. Whitty
This paper reports the results of a study investigating the organisational conditions that impact the effectiveness of project management methodology (PMM) implementation. It was conducted with a sample of experienced practitioners across a range of industries and disciplines covering engineering infrastructure and IT in Queensland, Australia. The implementations covered generally aligned with either the American PMBOK or the British PRINCE2, while some attempts had been made to hybridize. The study found general practitioner agreement on the effectiveness of having a methodology. It synthesised from the data collected a list of six organisational conditions impacting the effectiveness of PMM implementation, providing a guide to practitioners looking to implement a PMM. Evidence of quantification of PMM benefits was found in two large organisations whose PMBOK based PMMs had been delivering better than 90% on time and budget across all their infrastructure projects. This study included but did not focus on IT and did not uncover any information on actual performance of PRINCE2 implementations. It indicated a need for research on the effectiveness of PMM implementation and found that this could be facilitated by analysing internal organisational project performance data records, which are sometimes published in annual reports. It also found the PRINCE2 claim of suitability for application to all project types was disputed for physical engineering infrastructure. The paper also puts a case for defining Project Management Methodology (PMM) as an organisation’s process for the whole lifecycle of its projects, which would exclude PMBOK and PRINCE2 from being so labelled.
本文报告了一项研究的结果,该研究调查了影响项目管理方法(PMM)实施有效性的组织条件。它是在澳大利亚昆士兰的工程基础设施和It领域的一系列行业和学科的经验丰富的从业人员的样本中进行的。所涵盖的实现通常与美国的PMBOK或英国的PRINCE2保持一致,同时也进行了一些混合的尝试。该研究发现,全科医生都同意制定一套方法的有效性。它从收集的数据中综合了影响PMM实施有效性的六个组织条件的列表,为希望实施PMM的从业者提供了指南。量化PMM效益的证据是在两个大型组织中发现的,这两个组织基于PMBOK的PMM在其所有基础设施项目中按时和按预算交付了90%以上。这项研究包括但不关注IT,也没有揭示PRINCE2实现的实际性能的任何信息。它指出有必要研究项目管理实施的有效性,并发现可以通过分析有时在年度报告中公布的组织内部项目绩效数据记录来促进这一工作。它还发现PRINCE2关于适用于所有项目类型的声明在物理工程基础设施方面存在争议。这篇论文还提出了将项目管理方法论(PMM)定义为一个组织在其项目的整个生命周期中的过程的一个案例,这将排除PMBOK和PRINCE2的标签。
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引用次数: 1
Influence of partnering on stakeholder’s behaviour in construction mega-projects 大型建设项目中合作对利益相关者行为的影响
Pub Date : 2020-05-15 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02307
M. Evans, P. Farrell, Ayman Mashali
Construction mega-projects are typically associated with cost overruns and time delays due to conflicts of interest between diverse stakeholders. This research investigates the influence of the partnering approach and the adoption of Design and Build (D&B), also known as Design-Build (DB), contracts on the behavior of stakeholders on mega-projects in Qatar. Through a case study, the significant factors that influence stakeholder management are appraised, such as cooperation, developing trust and lack of communication. The research concluded that mutual trust, transparency, leadership, a well-defined scope of work, clear definition of responsibilities, collaboration, and training are the main success factors of partnering projects. The research also concluded that the State of Qatar is a leader in the implementation of partnering approaches and the adoption of D&B contracts, with a proven record of successful delivery using this procurement method. ‘Trust’ and ‘collaboration’ among stakeholders have been found to be the critical success factors of partnering projects in Qatar.
由于不同利益相关者之间的利益冲突,大型建设项目通常伴随着成本超支和时间延误。本研究调查了合作方式和设计与建造(D&B)(也称为设计与建造(DB))合同对卡塔尔大型项目中利益相关者行为的影响。通过案例分析,评价了影响利益相关者管理的重要因素,如合作、发展信任和缺乏沟通。研究得出的结论是,相互信任、透明度、领导力、明确的工作范围、明确的责任定义、协作和培训是合作项目的主要成功因素。研究还得出结论,卡塔尔国在实施伙伴关系方法和采用D&B合同方面处于领先地位,使用这种采购方法的成功交付记录已得到证实。利益相关者之间的“信任”和“合作”已被发现是卡塔尔合作项目成功的关键因素。
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引用次数: 12
期刊
The Journal of Modern Project Management
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