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Whole Life Program Success, Leadership Competencies and Motivation for Learning – UK Defence Case 终身计划的成功,领导能力和学习动机-英国辩护案例
Pub Date : 2021-05-15 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02606
S. Kannan, Olanrewaju Adebayo
The value of learning from program management has not received full recognition in the workplace. The purpose of our study was to investigate whole life program management success and its link to leadership competency units to define meaning of true program success and motivation for learning.  An inductive interpretive approach using open-dialogue interview technique was applied. Seventeen Defence leaders responsible for the acquisition and support of UK major defence programs in excess £50 Billion published in the UK National Audit Office (NAO) Major Project Report 2015 participated in this study.  A case study of the UK Defence programs provides insights into what success is in a Defence context. The study suggests that whole life program management success, measured against capability outcome as against performance, cost and time (PCT), can be achieved through competent leadership. This can be a motivation for learning from the program success.  The findings showed that success extended beyond baseline deliveries, and it is insufficient to measure success with PCT parameters.  Our study defines what success is and propose its achievement has a direct correlation to program leadership competency and its non-achievement be understood by organisations for survival in a complex highly structured environment.
从项目规划管理中学习的价值在工作场所还没有得到充分的认可。本研究的目的是探讨终身计划管理的成功及其与领导能力单元的联系,以定义真正的计划成功和学习动机的意义。采用开放对话访谈技术的归纳解释方法。英国国家审计署(NAO) 2015年重大项目报告中公布的英国主要国防项目超过500亿英镑,负责采购和支持这些项目的17位国防领导人参与了这项研究。英国国防项目的案例研究提供了在国防环境中成功的见解。该研究表明,整个生命周期项目管理的成功,可以通过有能力的领导来实现,以能力结果为衡量标准,以绩效、成本和时间(PCT)为衡量标准。这可以成为从项目成功中学习的动力。研究结果表明,成功超出了基线交付,用PCT参数衡量成功是不够的。我们的研究定义了什么是成功,并提出成功的成就与项目领导能力直接相关,而组织在复杂的高度结构化的环境中生存所理解的非成就。
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引用次数: 0
The Relationship between Agile Practices and A Team’s Maturity 敏捷实践与团队成熟度的关系
Pub Date : 2021-05-15 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02610
Albert Moyo, L. Khoza
The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Agile practices and a team’s maturity. This is a quantitative study that was carried out specifically to software developing organizations. The questionnaire was made up of questions to determine the Agile practices and characteristics of a mature Agile team. The questionnaire also included questions from the Tuckman model for team maturity. The results show that the way Agile practices are used can influence the team’s performance and maturity level. Through the use of quantitative research, it was noted that there is a correlation between Agile practices and a team’s maturity. This research study opens the minds of Information Technology (IT) professionals on how to build their teams in order to increase their skill levels to enhance project success. This research study has concluded that less mature teams need to be trained well enough with regard to Agile practices from an early stage to help them transition to a level of maturity that allows these teams to be self-managing and efficient within an organization.
本研究的目的是调查敏捷实践与团队成熟度之间的关系。这是一项针对软件开发组织的定量研究。问卷由问题组成,以确定成熟敏捷团队的敏捷实践和特征。问卷还包括塔克曼团队成熟度模型的问题。结果表明,使用敏捷实践的方式会影响团队的绩效和成熟度水平。通过使用定量研究,发现敏捷实践和团队成熟度之间存在相关性。这项研究打开了信息技术(IT)专业人员的思路,如何建立他们的团队,以提高他们的技能水平,以提高项目的成功。这项研究得出的结论是,不太成熟的团队需要在早期阶段接受足够好的敏捷实践培训,以帮助他们过渡到成熟的水平,从而使这些团队能够在组织中进行自我管理和高效。
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引用次数: 1
Exploring the Dyad Communication and Knowledge Management: A Study Investigating the Main Barriers in Complex Project Context 探讨双向沟通与知识管理:复杂项目环境中主要障碍的研究
Pub Date : 2021-05-15 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02615
Jeniffer de Nadae, M. M. Carvalho
There is a lack of research exploring dyad communication and knowledge management in the complex project context. The present study aims to narrow the identified gap by identifying the main barriers, considering both tacit and explicit knowledge. Besides, the influence of this dyad in project performance is investigated. This research explores the emergent literature on knowledge management and communication management in the complex project context by performing a mapping study. A sample of 116 article is in-depth analyzed through a combination of bibliometric and content analysis, using an axial coding process. The results point out that the main communication barriers are environmental and different priorities among team members. The study points the knowledge barriers, particularly the knowledge codification process and inadequate information technology. This study highlights the lack of more confirmatory research approaches, such as developing a relation between triad knowledge management, communication, and project performance. Besides, it points to the lack of studies on learning capabilities.
对于复杂项目背景下的双向沟通和知识管理,目前还缺乏相关研究。本研究旨在从隐性知识和显性知识两方面入手,通过识别主要障碍来缩小认知差距。此外,本文还研究了这两个因素对项目绩效的影响。本研究以地图研究的方式,探讨复杂专案背景下知识管理与沟通管理的新兴文献。通过文献计量学和内容分析相结合,采用轴向编码过程,对116篇文章的样本进行了深入分析。结果表明,沟通障碍主要是环境和团队成员之间的优先级不同。研究指出了知识壁垒,特别是知识编码过程和信息技术的不足。本研究强调缺乏更多的验证性研究方法,例如开发三元知识管理,沟通和项目绩效之间的关系。此外,它还指出了对学习能力的研究不足。
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引用次数: 4
Service based framework of research projects in higher education institutions 基于服务的高等院校研究项目框架
Pub Date : 2021-05-15 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02601
M. Al‐Maadeed, Shahbaz Hussain, M. Al-Salem, Abdelaziz Bouras
This work presents and disseminates the services and infrastructure required to manage research projects quantity and quality in higher education institutions. To achieve this objective, smart management of research offices, their processes and collaborative projects are of paramount importance in order to understand the underlying activities for effective decision making. This approach has been developed in depth considering the lifecycle of grants in a research office. The processes of a research office, its automation, importance of collaborative projects with academia and industry around the globe and their impact on research output have been developed first and then applied on a public higher education institution. The developed framework with its implementation example can be adopted by various research based organizations to efficiently manage and strengthen their research outlook.
这项工作介绍和传播管理高等教育机构研究项目的数量和质量所需的服务和基础设施。为了实现这一目标,研究办公室、其流程和合作项目的智能管理是至关重要的,以便了解有效决策的潜在活动。考虑到研究办公室赠款的生命周期,这种方法得到了深入的发展。研究办公室的流程、自动化程度、与全球学术界和工业界合作项目的重要性以及它们对研究成果的影响都是首先发展起来的,然后应用于公立高等教育机构。开发的框架及其实施实例可被各种研究型组织采用,以有效地管理和加强其研究前景。
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引用次数: 2
Return on Investment of Near-Shoring Projects 近岸项目的投资回报
Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02506
Jorge F. Guedes, L. Pereira, R. Costa, Á. Dias, Rui Gonçalves
The Information Technology sector has been using proximity offshoring (nearshoring) as common practice over the past 2 decades, mainly for software development projects. Using a large business transformation project from a global consumer goods company as a single case study, the present paper analyses the benefits and key challenges of incorporating such delivery models in these types of projects, focusing its attention mainly on the financial and quality aspects. The  analysis suggests that, when compared to traditional services delivery (on-site consultants), near-shoring practices can have a very positive financial impact for the vendor and the customer, translating into an increase on the Return on Investment (ROI) without a significant increase of risks or losses in quality – The project’s cost can have a significant reduction on the vendor side, with a consequent reduction to the end client. Regardless these benefits, it is suggested that traditional consulting still plays an un-replaceable role in these types of projects. Furthermore, it is suggested that it is equally important the commitment from top management for such initiatives.
在过去的20年里,信息技术部门一直在使用接近离岸外包(nearshoring)作为常见的实践,主要用于软件开发项目。本文以一家全球消费品公司的大型业务转型项目为例,分析了在这些类型的项目中合并这种交付模式的好处和主要挑战,主要关注财务和质量方面。分析表明,与传统的服务交付(现场顾问)相比,近岸实践可以对供应商和客户产生非常积极的财务影响,转化为投资回报率(ROI)的增加,而不会显著增加风险或质量损失——项目成本在供应商方面可以显著降低,最终客户的成本也会随之降低。尽管有这些好处,但建议传统咨询在这些类型的项目中仍然发挥着不可替代的作用。此外,建议最高管理层对此类倡议的承诺同样重要。
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引用次数: 1
The Origins of Agile and Iterative Methods 敏捷和迭代方法的起源
Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02502
Andrew Whiteley, Julien Pollack, P. Matouš
Agile methods and iterative and incremental development (IID) have attracted significant attention in recent years. They are widely applied in many industries quite dissimilar to their origins in manufacturing and information system development. Agile methods and IID are part of a rich stream of research and practice that can be traced back to the 1930’s, but much of this history has been lost in recent rhetoric about these methods. The purpose of this paper is to consolidate the many streams of research and practice that have contributed to agile and IID forms of project management. This paper presents a systematic literature review connecting the fragmented streams of academic and applied literature that have historically contributed to the development of agile methods and IID, allowing a deeper view of past recent iterations of how these methods are commonly represented. We argue that although the roots of the currently popular approaches can be traced back to 1930s’, these have been mostly disassociated from present agile and IID practices due to a combination of barriers to transfer of knowledge such as divergent use of language and terminology between fields, attention decay, and the current industry-led narrative. Mapping and clarifying these historical links provides a useful perspective on contemporary project management practice and opens further possibilities for deeper research into agile project management methods.
近年来,敏捷方法和迭代增量开发(IID)引起了人们的极大关注。它们被广泛应用于许多不同于其起源的制造业和信息系统开发行业。敏捷方法和IID是丰富的研究和实践流的一部分,这些研究和实践可以追溯到20世纪30年代,但是这些历史的大部分已经在最近关于这些方法的言论中丢失了。本文的目的是巩固对敏捷和IID形式的项目管理做出贡献的许多研究和实践流。本文提供了一个系统的文献综述,将学术和应用文献的碎片流连接起来,这些文献在历史上对敏捷方法和IID的开发做出了贡献,从而可以更深入地了解这些方法在过去最近的迭代中通常是如何表示的。我们认为,尽管目前流行的方法的根源可以追溯到20世纪30年代,但由于知识转移的障碍,例如不同领域之间语言和术语的不同使用,注意力衰减以及当前行业主导的叙述,这些方法大多与当前的敏捷和IID实践脱节。绘制和澄清这些历史联系为当代项目管理实践提供了一个有用的视角,并为更深入地研究敏捷项目管理方法开辟了进一步的可能性。
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引用次数: 2
The New Hotel Development Project Life Cycle - Doing the Right New Hotel Project Holistically, and Doing it the Right Way 新酒店开发项目的生命周期——从整体上做正确的新酒店项目,并以正确的方式做
Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02508
Gert Noordzy, R. Whitfield
Based on previous research, the authors know that nowadays, new hotel developers in Asia typically appoint interdependent – but non-integrated – separate entities during various phases of their projects, to make the business case, and to design, build, open and operate each new hotel asset. Consequently, important opportunities for integration and synergistic improvements between phases in new hotel development projects can be missed. There are inherent inefficiencies and crucial conflicts of interest in this approach, which inevitably lead to difficulties and problems during and after the project. Previous studies have also demonstrated the root causes and consequences of poorly planned and executed new hotel opening projects, where time delays of multiple months and multi-million US dollar cost overruns against the initial project budget goals, coupled with massive opportunity costs, are the norm. In this paper, the authors introduce a well-defined project framework that hospitality asset owners and developers can follow, in order to avoid these problems and develop their new hotels efficiently and effectively. It also illustrates how this framework can be used to understand project costs and shed new light on how to develop new hotels cost effectively. There is surprisingly little research literature on these important topics. To ensure an optimal outcome is achieved, this paper advocates that all phases of this New Hotel Development Project Life Cycle must be considered holistically, in order to ensure coordinated planning and execution of project activities in each phase, and integration of the interdependencies across all phases.
根据之前的研究,作者了解到,如今,亚洲的新酒店开发商通常会在项目的各个阶段指定相互依存但非整合的独立实体,以制定商业案例,并设计、建造、开放和运营每一项新的酒店资产。因此,在新酒店开发项目的各个阶段之间,整合和协同改进的重要机会可能会被错过。在这种方法中存在固有的低效率和关键的利益冲突,这不可避免地导致项目期间和之后的困难和问题。先前的研究也证明了新酒店开业项目规划和执行不当的根本原因和后果,其中几个月的时间延迟和数百万美元的成本超出了最初的项目预算目标,再加上巨大的机会成本,这些都是常态。在本文中,作者介绍了一个明确的项目框架,酒店资产所有者和开发商可以遵循,以避免这些问题,并有效地开发他们的新酒店。它还说明了如何使用这个框架来理解项目成本,并为如何有效地开发新酒店提供了新的思路。令人惊讶的是,关于这些重要话题的研究文献很少。为了确保实现最佳结果,本文主张必须从整体上考虑新酒店开发项目生命周期的所有阶段,以确保每个阶段项目活动的协调规划和执行,以及所有阶段相互依赖关系的整合。
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引用次数: 3
Cultural Change in the Construction Industry The Role of Project Alliance Organizational Culture 建筑业文化变迁:项目联盟组织文化的作用
Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02509
Anneli Lehto, K. Aaltonen
Project alliances are a contemporary approach for managing complex construction projects. In order to succeed, they require establishment of trust and collaborative ways of working, calling for fundamental changes in the behaviors and values among organizational members taking part in them. The increasing use of project alliancing may therefore influence the underlying values, norms and regulations within the construction sector, and hence contribute to the cultural change within the construction industry by large. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate the understanding of the cultural change that is produced by the use of project alliances, focused on collaborative behaviors. The research particularly develops knowledge on the mechanisms through which the use of project alliances may shape the industry culture. Data were collected from the Finnish construction sector, where alliance projects are increasingly popular. Central industry representatives were interviewed, and data content analysed. The findings reveal that industry level cultural change related to project alliances is a continuously evolving process and an outcome of change events and purposeful cultural change work at multiple levels including individuals, organizations, networks and construction industry. The results therefore draw attention to the role of multi-level interactions in advancing cultural change, which has to date received limited attention. The findings on the role of individuals’ career paths and trajectories are also novel, as they implicate that individual level movement and cultural orientation may play a more significant role in cultural change dynamics within project-based industries than has been acknowledged
项目联盟是管理复杂建设项目的一种现代方法。为了取得成功,它们需要建立信任和协作的工作方式,要求参与其中的组织成员在行为和价值观上发生根本性的变化。因此,越来越多地使用项目联盟可能会影响建筑部门的基本价值观、规范和法规,从而在很大程度上促进建筑行业的文化变革。本文的目的是阐述对使用项目联盟所产生的文化变革的理解,重点是合作行为。该研究特别发展了关于项目联盟的使用可能塑造行业文化的机制的知识。数据是从芬兰建筑业收集的,在那里,联盟项目越来越受欢迎。对中央行业代表进行访谈,并对数据内容进行分析。研究结果表明,与项目联盟相关的行业层面文化变革是一个不断演变的过程,是变化事件和有目的的文化变革工作在多个层面(包括个人、组织、网络和建筑行业)的结果。因此,研究结果引起了人们对多层次互动在促进文化变革中的作用的关注,这一点迄今为止受到的关注有限。关于个人职业道路和轨迹的作用的研究结果也很新颖,因为它们表明,在基于项目的行业中,个人层面的运动和文化取向可能在文化变革动态中发挥比人们所认识到的更重要的作用
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引用次数: 1
Project Management Maturity Models: Literature Review and New Developments 项目管理成熟度模型:文献回顾与新发展
Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02503
E. Fabbro, S. Tonchia
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the different Project Management Maturity Models (PMMM) and give suggestions on how to select or develop a model to assess the Project Management Maturity of an organization. While it seems consolidated to classify PMMM into 5 levels, it would be useful to evaluate separately as “determinants of maturity”: a. the individuals (project managers and team members), b. the projects and how they are managed (with extension to portfolio and programs too), and c. the organization as a whole and its capacity to deploy and apply Project Management. This paper is the most recent, complete review on PMMM.
本文的目的是分析不同的项目管理成熟度模型(PMMM),并就如何选择或开发一个模型来评估组织的项目管理成熟度提出建议。虽然将PMMM划分为5个级别似乎是统一的,但是作为“成熟度的决定因素”单独评估是有用的:a.个体(项目经理和团队成员),b.项目及其管理方式(也扩展到投资组合和规划),c.组织作为一个整体及其部署和应用项目管理的能力。本文是关于PMMM的最新的、完整的综述。
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引用次数: 6
Exploring the Influence of Risks in BIM Implementation: A Review Exploring BIM Critical Success Factors and BIM Implementation Phases 探讨BIM实施中风险的影响:探讨BIM关键成功因素和BIM实施阶段的综述
Pub Date : 2021-02-10 DOI: 10.19255/JMPM02511
T. Silva, A. V. Arrotéia, Darli Rodrigues Vieira, S. Melhado, M. M. Carvalho
The adoption of building information modeling (BIM) has a strong potential to influence project performance positively. However, the implementation and use of BIM also involve challenges and risks that must be considered for its practice's success. This study aims to identify gaps and future research direction within the field of BIM and risk management. Besides, it explores the relationship between risks related to BIM implementation and project success dimensions. For this, a literature review is applied, merging bibliometric and content analysis. The results show that the three most frequently mentioned risks are technological interface among programs, followed by interoperability issues, and inadequate knowledge or expertise. Besides, insights pinpoint the positive relation between the BIM critical success factors and the risks associated with BIM, particularly in the design phase.
采用建筑信息模型(BIM)对项目绩效有很大的积极影响。然而,BIM的实施和使用也涉及挑战和风险,必须考虑到其实践的成功。本研究旨在找出BIM与风险管理领域的差距和未来的研究方向。此外,还探讨了与BIM实施相关的风险与项目成功维度之间的关系。为此,应用文献综述,结合文献计量学和内容分析。结果表明,三个最常提到的风险是程序之间的技术接口,其次是互操作性问题,以及知识或专业知识不足。此外,洞察指出了BIM关键成功因素与BIM相关风险之间的正相关关系,特别是在设计阶段。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
The Journal of Modern Project Management
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