Pub Date : 2020-10-30DOI: 10.11648/J.AJLM.20200506.11
Odebiyi Hassan Abiola, F. Atinuke
Sickle cell anaemia is a point mutation characterized by homozygous inheritance of HbS, the commonest presenting symptoms in patients with sickle cell anaemia is vaso-occlusive bone pain crisis; this is an acute exacerbation of chronic inflammatory state in them. Elevated serum uric acid is associated with increased oxidative state, inflammation, hyperhaemolysis and sickle cell nephropathy in adult patients with sickle cell disease. There are inconsistence findings on uric acid concentration during vaso-occlusive pain crisis in patients with sickle cell disease. This study compares uric acid concentration in sickle cell disease patients with bone pain crisis, steady state and HbA individuals. It also correlates uric acid concentration with the severity of vaso-occlusive crisis in patients with sickle cell disease using bone pain crisis as a prototype of a vaso-occlusive crisis. Thirty each of sex and age-matched adult patients with sickle cell anaemia in a bone pain crisis, steady state and HbA were recruited in this study. Total summary pain score was used for assessment of bone pain crisis severity, 23 parameters automated haematology analyzer was used to measure haematological parameters. Plasma uric acid concentration was determined by Uricase method using the Landwind LWC 100 plus automated analyzer machine. Data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 20. Results were considered statistically significant if p<0.05. Biochemical parameters were correlated with the severity of bone pain crisis. Plasma uric acid concentration of mild BPC, moderate BPC and severe BPC were not significantly different from those of steady state group (p=0.523, 0.543 and 1.000 respectively) There was also no significant correlation in the mean plasma uric acid concentration in mild BPC, moderate BPC and severe BPC (Correlation coefficient (r)=0.212, p-value=0.372). In conclusion, this study established that though the uric acid concentration was higher in patients with SCA presenting with severe bone pains crisis than those with mild bone pain crisis and moderate bone pain crisis. However, there was no significant correlation between uric acid concentration and severity of bone pain crisis.
{"title":"Uric Acid Concentration in Patients with Sickle Cell Anaemia Presenting with Vaso-Occlusive Crises in Uch, Ibadan","authors":"Odebiyi Hassan Abiola, F. Atinuke","doi":"10.11648/J.AJLM.20200506.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJLM.20200506.11","url":null,"abstract":"Sickle cell anaemia is a point mutation characterized by homozygous inheritance of HbS, the commonest presenting symptoms in patients with sickle cell anaemia is vaso-occlusive bone pain crisis; this is an acute exacerbation of chronic inflammatory state in them. Elevated serum uric acid is associated with increased oxidative state, inflammation, hyperhaemolysis and sickle cell nephropathy in adult patients with sickle cell disease. There are inconsistence findings on uric acid concentration during vaso-occlusive pain crisis in patients with sickle cell disease. This study compares uric acid concentration in sickle cell disease patients with bone pain crisis, steady state and HbA individuals. It also correlates uric acid concentration with the severity of vaso-occlusive crisis in patients with sickle cell disease using bone pain crisis as a prototype of a vaso-occlusive crisis. Thirty each of sex and age-matched adult patients with sickle cell anaemia in a bone pain crisis, steady state and HbA were recruited in this study. Total summary pain score was used for assessment of bone pain crisis severity, 23 parameters automated haematology analyzer was used to measure haematological parameters. Plasma uric acid concentration was determined by Uricase method using the Landwind LWC 100 plus automated analyzer machine. Data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 20. Results were considered statistically significant if p<0.05. Biochemical parameters were correlated with the severity of bone pain crisis. Plasma uric acid concentration of mild BPC, moderate BPC and severe BPC were not significantly different from those of steady state group (p=0.523, 0.543 and 1.000 respectively) There was also no significant correlation in the mean plasma uric acid concentration in mild BPC, moderate BPC and severe BPC (Correlation coefficient (r)=0.212, p-value=0.372). In conclusion, this study established that though the uric acid concentration was higher in patients with SCA presenting with severe bone pains crisis than those with mild bone pain crisis and moderate bone pain crisis. However, there was no significant correlation between uric acid concentration and severity of bone pain crisis.","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130566731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-28DOI: 10.11648/j.ajlm.20200505.14
S. Ed-dyb, Khadija Ait Zirri, Fatima Babokh, R. Bahri, A. Lamrani, N. Soraa
Background: Urinary tract infection is a common pathology in practice. The most implicated bacterial species is Escherichia coli. Fluoroquinolones occupy a privileged place among the molecules most prescribed in the treatment of these infections. Objective: determine the fluoroquinolone resistance profile of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains at University Hospital Med VI of Marrakesh and analyze the evolution of this resistance over time in these isolates. Materials and methods: Descriptive study, over a period of 5 years (January 1, 2013 - December 31, 2017), covering all uropathogenic strains of E.coli isolated from outpatients and hospitalized at the University Hospital of Marrakesh. The samples were processed and analyzed in the Microbiology laboratory of the University Hospital. Results: During the study period, 1411 strains of uropathogenic E.coli were included. Women were mostly affected (68%). The prevalence of urinary tract infection was 22%. The number of strains studied and the resistance rates were calculated by combining the resistant strains and the intermediate strains. Resistance to ciprofloxacin increased from 16% in 2013 to 32% in 2017. An increase with age has been demonstrated for resistance to fluoroquinolones. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase production significantly affected the resistance rate to fluoroquinolones in E.coli (24% in C3G-sensitive strains and 56% in ESBL strains). Conclusion: This study demonstrates the serious emergence of the resistance of uropathogenic E.coli strains to fluoroquinolones, hence the interest of revising the empirical treatment of urinary tract infections in our country and monitoring use antibiotics to control the diffusion of quinolone resistance in E.coli.
{"title":"Evolution of Resistance to Fluoroquinolones of Uropathogenic Strains of Escherichia coli Isolated at the University Hospital of Marrakesh, Morocco","authors":"S. Ed-dyb, Khadija Ait Zirri, Fatima Babokh, R. Bahri, A. Lamrani, N. Soraa","doi":"10.11648/j.ajlm.20200505.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20200505.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Urinary tract infection is a common pathology in practice. The most implicated bacterial species is Escherichia coli. Fluoroquinolones occupy a privileged place among the molecules most prescribed in the treatment of these infections. Objective: determine the fluoroquinolone resistance profile of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains at University Hospital Med VI of Marrakesh and analyze the evolution of this resistance over time in these isolates. Materials and methods: Descriptive study, over a period of 5 years (January 1, 2013 - December 31, 2017), covering all uropathogenic strains of E.coli isolated from outpatients and hospitalized at the University Hospital of Marrakesh. The samples were processed and analyzed in the Microbiology laboratory of the University Hospital. Results: During the study period, 1411 strains of uropathogenic E.coli were included. Women were mostly affected (68%). The prevalence of urinary tract infection was 22%. The number of strains studied and the resistance rates were calculated by combining the resistant strains and the intermediate strains. Resistance to ciprofloxacin increased from 16% in 2013 to 32% in 2017. An increase with age has been demonstrated for resistance to fluoroquinolones. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase production significantly affected the resistance rate to fluoroquinolones in E.coli (24% in C3G-sensitive strains and 56% in ESBL strains). Conclusion: This study demonstrates the serious emergence of the resistance of uropathogenic E.coli strains to fluoroquinolones, hence the interest of revising the empirical treatment of urinary tract infections in our country and monitoring use antibiotics to control the diffusion of quinolone resistance in E.coli.","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"316 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127718909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-23DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.23.20200071
S. Mwape, V. Daka, S. Matafwali, K. Mwape, J. Sikalima, P. Vlahakis, M. Kalolekesha, N. Chisompola, V. Chalwe
Background Medical laboratory diagnosis is a critical component of patient management in the healthcare setup. Despite the availability of laboratory tests, clinicians may not utilise them to make clinical decisions. We investigated utilsation of laboratory tests for patient management among clinicians at Ndola Teaching Hospital (NTH) and Arthur Davison Childrens Hospital (ADCH), two large referral hospitals in the Copperbelt Province, Ndola, Zambia. Method We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among clinicians. The study deployed self-administered questionnaires to evaluate clinician utilisation, querying and confidence in laboratory results. Additional data on demographics and possible laboratory improvements were also obtained. Data were entered in Microsoft excel and exported to SPSS version 16 for statistical analysis. Results Of the 80 clinicians interviewed, 96.2% (77) reported using laboratory tests and their results in patient management. 77.5% (62) of the clinicians indicated they always used laboratory results to influence their patient management decisions. Of the selected laboratory tests, clinicians were more confident in using haemoglobin test results (91.2%). There was no statistically significant association between the clinicians gender or qualification and use of test results in patient management. Conclusion Our findings show that despite the majority querying laboratory results, most of the clinicians use laboratory results for patient management. There is need for interactions between the laboratory and clinical area to assure clinician confidence in laboratory results. Key words: utilisation, clinicians, laboratory tests, Ndola Teaching Hospital, Arthur Davison Childrens Hospital
医学实验室诊断是医疗机构中患者管理的重要组成部分。尽管有实验室检测，临床医生可能不会利用它们来做出临床决定。我们调查了恩多拉教学医院(NTH)和亚瑟戴维森儿童医院(ADCH)的临床医生对患者管理的实验室测试的使用情况，这两家医院位于赞比亚恩多拉铜带省。方法对临床医生进行描述性横断面研究。该研究采用自我管理的问卷来评估临床医生对实验室结果的利用、查询和信心。还获得了关于人口统计和可能的实验室改进的额外数据。数据在Microsoft excel中输入，导出到SPSS version 16进行统计分析。结果在受访的80名临床医生中，96.2%(77人)报告在患者管理中使用了实验室检查及其结果。77.5%(62名)的临床医生表示，他们总是使用实验室结果来影响他们的患者管理决策。在选定的实验室检测中，临床医生对使用血红蛋白检测结果更有信心(91.2%)。临床医生的性别或资格与在患者管理中使用检测结果之间没有统计学上的显著关联。结论我们的研究结果表明，尽管大多数人质疑实验室结果，但大多数临床医生使用实验室结果进行患者管理。实验室和临床领域之间需要相互作用，以确保临床医生对实验室结果的信心。关键词:利用，临床医生，实验室检查，恩多拉教学医院，亚瑟戴维森儿童医院
{"title":"Utilisation of laboratory test results for patient management by clinicians at two large referral hospitals in Zambia","authors":"S. Mwape, V. Daka, S. Matafwali, K. Mwape, J. Sikalima, P. Vlahakis, M. Kalolekesha, N. Chisompola, V. Chalwe","doi":"10.1101/2020.09.23.20200071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.20200071","url":null,"abstract":"Background Medical laboratory diagnosis is a critical component of patient management in the healthcare setup. Despite the availability of laboratory tests, clinicians may not utilise them to make clinical decisions. We investigated utilsation of laboratory tests for patient management among clinicians at Ndola Teaching Hospital (NTH) and Arthur Davison Childrens Hospital (ADCH), two large referral hospitals in the Copperbelt Province, Ndola, Zambia. Method We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among clinicians. The study deployed self-administered questionnaires to evaluate clinician utilisation, querying and confidence in laboratory results. Additional data on demographics and possible laboratory improvements were also obtained. Data were entered in Microsoft excel and exported to SPSS version 16 for statistical analysis. Results Of the 80 clinicians interviewed, 96.2% (77) reported using laboratory tests and their results in patient management. 77.5% (62) of the clinicians indicated they always used laboratory results to influence their patient management decisions. Of the selected laboratory tests, clinicians were more confident in using haemoglobin test results (91.2%). There was no statistically significant association between the clinicians gender or qualification and use of test results in patient management. Conclusion Our findings show that despite the majority querying laboratory results, most of the clinicians use laboratory results for patient management. There is need for interactions between the laboratory and clinical area to assure clinician confidence in laboratory results. Key words: utilisation, clinicians, laboratory tests, Ndola Teaching Hospital, Arthur Davison Childrens Hospital","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"505 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115972794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Global incidence of pregnancies among University students is increasing; and challenging in Universities of Ethiopia. There are a few studies on pregnancy experiences among university students in Ethiopia. The finding will be used by policy makers, additive of the existing knowledge and as a reference for future researchers. Objective: To assess magnitude of pregnancy experiences and associated factors among Hawassa University regular female students from May 1-15, 2019. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1-15, 2019 and 741 participants were selected using multistage sampling method from Hawassa University regular undergraduate female students. EPidata for entry and SPSS for analysis were used. Variables with p <0.25 on bivariate were used for multivariable analysis and p<0.05 were considered significant. Result: Magnitude of pregnancies experience among Hawassa University regular undergraduate female students was 98 (13.2%) (95% CI: 10.8, 15.7). Collage of Agriculture 3.76 (AOR= 3.76, 95% CI: 1.66, 8.50), Social Science and Humanity 2.63 (AOR= 2.63, 95% CI: 1.02, 6.81), and Natural and Computational science 3.41 (AOR= 3.41, 95% CI: 1.54, 7.54) times more likely to have pregnancy compared to college of Medicine and Health sciences. Married respondents were 2.39 (AOR=2.39, 95%CI: 1.54, 7.54) times more likely to have pregnancy compared to respondents who were not married. Respondents source of income was parent were 47% (AOR=0.53, 95%CI: 0.29, 0.96) less likely to have pregnancy compared to respondents whose source of income were partner. Respondents who have history of using contraceptive were 75% (AOR=0.25, 95%CI: 0.14, 0.44) less likely to have pregnancy. Conclusion: Magnitude of pregnancy experience was high among regular undergraduate female students of Hawassa University compared to other studies. Being non health colleges, married status, partner as a source of income and not having contraceptive usage history were statistically significant factors to have pregnancy. Non health colleges’ needs to be evaluated about their SRH information flow by the university.
{"title":"Pregnancy History and Associated Factors Among Hawassa University Regular Undergraduate Female Students, Southern Ethiopia","authors":"Yohannes Fikadu Geda, Melese Siyoum Desta, Walellign Animut Tirfie","doi":"10.11648/j.ajlm.20200503.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajlm.20200503.13","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Global incidence of pregnancies among University students is increasing; and challenging in Universities of Ethiopia. There are a few studies on pregnancy experiences among university students in Ethiopia. The finding will be used by policy makers, additive of the existing knowledge and as a reference for future researchers. Objective: To assess magnitude of pregnancy experiences and associated factors among Hawassa University regular female students from May 1-15, 2019. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 1-15, 2019 and 741 participants were selected using multistage sampling method from Hawassa University regular undergraduate female students. EPidata for entry and SPSS for analysis were used. Variables with p <0.25 on bivariate were used for multivariable analysis and p<0.05 were considered significant. Result: Magnitude of pregnancies experience among Hawassa University regular undergraduate female students was 98 (13.2%) (95% CI: 10.8, 15.7). Collage of Agriculture 3.76 (AOR= 3.76, 95% CI: 1.66, 8.50), Social Science and Humanity 2.63 (AOR= 2.63, 95% CI: 1.02, 6.81), and Natural and Computational science 3.41 (AOR= 3.41, 95% CI: 1.54, 7.54) times more likely to have pregnancy compared to college of Medicine and Health sciences. Married respondents were 2.39 (AOR=2.39, 95%CI: 1.54, 7.54) times more likely to have pregnancy compared to respondents who were not married. Respondents source of income was parent were 47% (AOR=0.53, 95%CI: 0.29, 0.96) less likely to have pregnancy compared to respondents whose source of income were partner. Respondents who have history of using contraceptive were 75% (AOR=0.25, 95%CI: 0.14, 0.44) less likely to have pregnancy. Conclusion: Magnitude of pregnancy experience was high among regular undergraduate female students of Hawassa University compared to other studies. Being non health colleges, married status, partner as a source of income and not having contraceptive usage history were statistically significant factors to have pregnancy. Non health colleges’ needs to be evaluated about their SRH information flow by the university.","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130731170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-25DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-18989/v1
Shasha Zhang, Sun Xiaoli, G. Wei, Jianfeng Xu
this paper introduces a method for simultaneous detection of 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) and influenza virus by dual fluorescent RT-PCR, providing some references for the current clinical first-line practice against the epidemic. More than 1500 samples of nasopharyngeal swabs, sputum and anal swabs were collected. Nucleic acid detection kits from two manufacturers of novel coronavirus and type A/B influenza virus were selected for the detection. Carboxyfluorescein (FAM) and green fluorescent protein (VIC) labeled probes were used to achieve simultaneous detection of the four gene targets using a double fluorescent RT-PCR reaction system. According to the analysis for the results of nucleic acid detection of existing samples, there is no cross infection between 2019 novel coronavirus and type A/B influenza virus. The Ct value of novel coronavirus nucleic acid in anal swab>Ct value of sputum > Ct value of nasopharyngeal swab in the same patient. Conclusion: A method for rapid and simultaneous detection of novel coronavirus and influenza virus by dual fluorescent RT-PCR was established to improve the detection efficiency and reduce the cost, which could be used for rapid and emergent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus and type A/B influenza virus.
{"title":"Simultaneous Detection of 2019 Novel Coronavirus and Influenza Virus by Double Fluorescent RT-PCR","authors":"Shasha Zhang, Sun Xiaoli, G. Wei, Jianfeng Xu","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-18989/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-18989/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 this paper introduces a method for simultaneous detection of 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) and influenza virus by dual fluorescent RT-PCR, providing some references for the current clinical first-line practice against the epidemic. More than 1500 samples of nasopharyngeal swabs, sputum and anal swabs were collected. Nucleic acid detection kits from two manufacturers of novel coronavirus and type A/B influenza virus were selected for the detection. Carboxyfluorescein (FAM) and green fluorescent protein (VIC) labeled probes were used to achieve simultaneous detection of the four gene targets using a double fluorescent RT-PCR reaction system. According to the analysis for the results of nucleic acid detection of existing samples, there is no cross infection between 2019 novel coronavirus and type A/B influenza virus. The Ct value of novel coronavirus nucleic acid in anal swab>Ct value of sputum > Ct value of nasopharyngeal swab in the same patient. Conclusion: A method for rapid and simultaneous detection of novel coronavirus and influenza virus by dual fluorescent RT-PCR was established to improve the detection efficiency and reduce the cost, which could be used for rapid and emergent detection of 2019 novel coronavirus and type A/B influenza virus.","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125947297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-17DOI: 10.11648/J.AJLM.20190406.17
Sahabi Sadiku Malami, Rasheed Mumini Wemimo, A. Kabiru, A. Taiwo, M. Umar, Afolayan Enoch Abiodun, Oluogun Waheed Akanni, Mohammad Shareef Bello, N. Ismail
Brain tumours are diverse group of primary CNS tumours and secondary neoplasm arising either from the scalp or from haematogenous spread from distant sites with few biologically aggressive tumours in both adult and paediatric age groups. Brain tumours have been classified based on their presumed cell of origin and degree of differentiation as determined by light microscopy and immunohistochemical studies with tumours distinctive tumour biology, treatment and prognosis. A retrospective study of all cases of intracranial tumours seen over a period of 10 years from January 2008 to December 2017 at Department of Pathology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital. This is a regional neurosurgical centre situated at Sokoto North-West Nigeria receiving surgical specimens from Birnin Kebbi, Zamfara, Sokoto, and Katsina state. The age, sex, histologic diagnosis, and histologic grading system using the 2007 WHO grading system were retrieved and recorded. This study reviewed 151 patients managed with histology confirmed intracranial tumour (ICTs). Mean age was 28.17 ±17.26 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.6:1.0. Peak age range was the third decade (21-30years) and accounted for (20.5%). Primary ICTs accounted for 95.4% of the cases and metastatic adenocarcinomas accounted for 4.6% of the diagnoses and all the cases were seen in adults. Meningioma was the most commonly diagnosed intracranial tumours (39.7%), followed by astrocytoma (23.2%), pituitary adenomas (7.3%), craniopharyngioma (11.9%) and nodular medulloblastoma accounted for 4.0%. The most common histologic subtype of meningioma was psammomatous accounted for 75.5%, followed by meningotheliomatous 18.5% and the least was transitional 1.3%. The mean age of meningioma was 32±11.9 years with age range from 3 – 58years and male to female ratio of 1.4:1 and WHO classification of meningioma are stratified into 3; 95% are in grade 1 and 5% are in grade 11. Meningioma was the most commonly diagnosed intracranial tumours (39.7%), followed by astrocytoma (23.2%), pituitary adenomas (7.3%), craniopharyngioma (11.9%) and nodular medulloblastoma accounted for 4.0%. The most common histologic subtype of meningioma was psammomatous accounted for 75.5%, followed by meningotheliomatous 18.5% and the least was transitional 1.3% with WHO classification of meningioma are stratified into 3; 95% are in grade 1 and 5% are in grade 11.
{"title":"Histopathological Patterns of Intracranial Tumours at a Tertiary Health Facility in Sokoto, North-West Nigeria","authors":"Sahabi Sadiku Malami, Rasheed Mumini Wemimo, A. Kabiru, A. Taiwo, M. Umar, Afolayan Enoch Abiodun, Oluogun Waheed Akanni, Mohammad Shareef Bello, N. Ismail","doi":"10.11648/J.AJLM.20190406.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJLM.20190406.17","url":null,"abstract":"Brain tumours are diverse group of primary CNS tumours and secondary neoplasm arising either from the scalp or from haematogenous spread from distant sites with few biologically aggressive tumours in both adult and paediatric age groups. Brain tumours have been classified based on their presumed cell of origin and degree of differentiation as determined by light microscopy and immunohistochemical studies with tumours distinctive tumour biology, treatment and prognosis. A retrospective study of all cases of intracranial tumours seen over a period of 10 years from January 2008 to December 2017 at Department of Pathology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital. This is a regional neurosurgical centre situated at Sokoto North-West Nigeria receiving surgical specimens from Birnin Kebbi, Zamfara, Sokoto, and Katsina state. The age, sex, histologic diagnosis, and histologic grading system using the 2007 WHO grading system were retrieved and recorded. This study reviewed 151 patients managed with histology confirmed intracranial tumour (ICTs). Mean age was 28.17 ±17.26 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1.6:1.0. Peak age range was the third decade (21-30years) and accounted for (20.5%). Primary ICTs accounted for 95.4% of the cases and metastatic adenocarcinomas accounted for 4.6% of the diagnoses and all the cases were seen in adults. Meningioma was the most commonly diagnosed intracranial tumours (39.7%), followed by astrocytoma (23.2%), pituitary adenomas (7.3%), craniopharyngioma (11.9%) and nodular medulloblastoma accounted for 4.0%. The most common histologic subtype of meningioma was psammomatous accounted for 75.5%, followed by meningotheliomatous 18.5% and the least was transitional 1.3%. The mean age of meningioma was 32±11.9 years with age range from 3 – 58years and male to female ratio of 1.4:1 and WHO classification of meningioma are stratified into 3; 95% are in grade 1 and 5% are in grade 11. Meningioma was the most commonly diagnosed intracranial tumours (39.7%), followed by astrocytoma (23.2%), pituitary adenomas (7.3%), craniopharyngioma (11.9%) and nodular medulloblastoma accounted for 4.0%. The most common histologic subtype of meningioma was psammomatous accounted for 75.5%, followed by meningotheliomatous 18.5% and the least was transitional 1.3% with WHO classification of meningioma are stratified into 3; 95% are in grade 1 and 5% are in grade 11.","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130274581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-13DOI: 10.11648/J.AJLM.20190406.16
Mouhib Hanane, K. Ilham, Hanane Zahir, Yahyaoui Hicham, A. A. Mustapha, C. Mohammed
MDS are clonal disorders of multipotent or myeloid stem cells. The disease is characterized by inefficient hematopoiesis responsible for peripheral cytopenias and contrasting with a rich marrow. The natural course of this disease is acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This is a retrospective study on the files of patients who had a haematological assessment at the laboratory of the military hospital Avicenna Marrakech between July 2014 and July 2018 for a duration of 4 years. Included in our study were all patients with documented myelodysplasia. The average age of patients is 63.63 years with extremes of 19 years and 89 years; the sex ratio was 1.3 (17 men and 13 women). NFS was abnormal in all patients, 96.66% of whom had anemia. The myelogram was performed in all patients and allowed the diagnosis of MDS in 90% of cases. Our study shows that management needs to be further improved by selecting high-risk MDS patients, potentially candidates for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
{"title":"Myelodysplastic Syndromes Experience of the Laboratory of the Military Hospital Avicenna Marrakech","authors":"Mouhib Hanane, K. Ilham, Hanane Zahir, Yahyaoui Hicham, A. A. Mustapha, C. Mohammed","doi":"10.11648/J.AJLM.20190406.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJLM.20190406.16","url":null,"abstract":"MDS are clonal disorders of multipotent or myeloid stem cells. The disease is characterized by inefficient hematopoiesis responsible for peripheral cytopenias and contrasting with a rich marrow. The natural course of this disease is acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This is a retrospective study on the files of patients who had a haematological assessment at the laboratory of the military hospital Avicenna Marrakech between July 2014 and July 2018 for a duration of 4 years. Included in our study were all patients with documented myelodysplasia. The average age of patients is 63.63 years with extremes of 19 years and 89 years; the sex ratio was 1.3 (17 men and 13 women). NFS was abnormal in all patients, 96.66% of whom had anemia. The myelogram was performed in all patients and allowed the diagnosis of MDS in 90% of cases. Our study shows that management needs to be further improved by selecting high-risk MDS patients, potentially candidates for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114677516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Otorhinolaryngological infections are common pathologies especially in children, their clinical manifestations are varied. Knowledge of the microbial ecology of these infections in the ENT sphere may be important for the choice of probabilistic antibiotic therapy, but also for adapting and adjusting the treatment in therapeutic failure situations and complications. This is a descriptive retrospective study between January 2017 and August 2018. Including all samples taken in the ENT field in patients hospitalized in the ORL service of Med VI University Hospital of Marrakech. Of the 115 samples, bacterial confirmation was found in 87% of cases. The bacteriological profile was dominated by Gram-positive bacteria in 52% of cases. Isolated strains were mainly represented by Streptococcus (28%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (22%). Enterobacteria accounted for 34% of isolates dominated by Klebsiella pneumoniae found in 20.5% of cases. The study of antibiotic susceptibility of isolated strains revealed a penicillin sensitivity of 98% in isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. A 75% sensitivity to amoxicillin was revealed in Enterococcus and all strains of Staphylococcus aureus were sensitive to meticillin. In enterobacteria, resistance to C3G was 18%, 38% to fluoroquinolones, 35% to cotrimoxazole and 29% of strains were resistant to Gentamycin. The multi-resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found in 8% of cases.
{"title":"The Bacteriological Profile of Otorhinolaryngological Infections","authors":"Rachidi Meriem, Nouri Hassan, Raji Abdelaziz, Soraa Nabila","doi":"10.11648/J.AJLM.20190406.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJLM.20190406.15","url":null,"abstract":"Otorhinolaryngological infections are common pathologies especially in children, their clinical manifestations are varied. Knowledge of the microbial ecology of these infections in the ENT sphere may be important for the choice of probabilistic antibiotic therapy, but also for adapting and adjusting the treatment in therapeutic failure situations and complications. This is a descriptive retrospective study between January 2017 and August 2018. Including all samples taken in the ENT field in patients hospitalized in the ORL service of Med VI University Hospital of Marrakech. Of the 115 samples, bacterial confirmation was found in 87% of cases. The bacteriological profile was dominated by Gram-positive bacteria in 52% of cases. Isolated strains were mainly represented by Streptococcus (28%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (22%). Enterobacteria accounted for 34% of isolates dominated by Klebsiella pneumoniae found in 20.5% of cases. The study of antibiotic susceptibility of isolated strains revealed a penicillin sensitivity of 98% in isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. A 75% sensitivity to amoxicillin was revealed in Enterococcus and all strains of Staphylococcus aureus were sensitive to meticillin. In enterobacteria, resistance to C3G was 18%, 38% to fluoroquinolones, 35% to cotrimoxazole and 29% of strains were resistant to Gentamycin. The multi-resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were found in 8% of cases.","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129690538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-21DOI: 10.11648/J.AJLM.20190406.14
Khayati Siham, Mouayche Ikhlas, Bahri Raihane, Ait Si Ali Zineb, Yahyaoui Hicham, A. A. Mustapha, C. Mohammed
Pre-analytical errors still represent nearly 70% of all errors occurring in the laboratory, constituting a danger, a waste of time and an additional cost to the patient. The control of the different components of the pre-analytical step is important for the validity of the hemostasis exploration tests. The purpose of our work is to identify the main anomalies of the pre-analytical phase in hemostasis and to propose the means to correct them. We conducted a prospective and descriptive study on the pre-analytical phase of hemostasis. It was in the form of a survey, identifying the main errors related to this phase. It was performed at the Hematology laboratory of the Avicenna Military Hospital of Marrakech and spread over a period of 4 weeks. Our investigation took place at the hemostasis room, which received the collection tubes from the various hospital departments and the blood drawing room (for non-hospitalized patients). The hemostasis room received 400 prescription cards and their corresponding tubes. The parameters related to the prescription file: full name and gender of the patients, were mentioned on all the cards received and they were in conformity with those marked on the corresponding tube. The age of the patients and their clinical and therapeutic informations were mentioned in 73% and 13% of the exam requests, respectively. For the pre-analytical hemostasis parameters related to the blood collection: 63% of samples were taken at the laboratory's blood drawing room, while 37% came from the various hospital departments. Time of the realization of the samples was not mentioned on the cards or on the labels of the tubes. The anticoagulant used for all samples was sodium citrate at a concentration of 3.8%. The filling of the tubes was noncompliant in 22.25%. Registration and triage of the tubes systems were manual. Centrifugation was carried out at a rotation speed of 5000 G for 5 minutes and at a temperature set at 22°C. Hemolyzed samples accounted for 3% of the tubes.
{"title":"Pre-analytical Phase in Hemostasis: The Main Anomalies and Means to Correct Them","authors":"Khayati Siham, Mouayche Ikhlas, Bahri Raihane, Ait Si Ali Zineb, Yahyaoui Hicham, A. A. Mustapha, C. Mohammed","doi":"10.11648/J.AJLM.20190406.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJLM.20190406.14","url":null,"abstract":"Pre-analytical errors still represent nearly 70% of all errors occurring in the laboratory, constituting a danger, a waste of time and an additional cost to the patient. The control of the different components of the pre-analytical step is important for the validity of the hemostasis exploration tests. The purpose of our work is to identify the main anomalies of the pre-analytical phase in hemostasis and to propose the means to correct them. We conducted a prospective and descriptive study on the pre-analytical phase of hemostasis. It was in the form of a survey, identifying the main errors related to this phase. It was performed at the Hematology laboratory of the Avicenna Military Hospital of Marrakech and spread over a period of 4 weeks. Our investigation took place at the hemostasis room, which received the collection tubes from the various hospital departments and the blood drawing room (for non-hospitalized patients). The hemostasis room received 400 prescription cards and their corresponding tubes. The parameters related to the prescription file: full name and gender of the patients, were mentioned on all the cards received and they were in conformity with those marked on the corresponding tube. The age of the patients and their clinical and therapeutic informations were mentioned in 73% and 13% of the exam requests, respectively. For the pre-analytical hemostasis parameters related to the blood collection: 63% of samples were taken at the laboratory's blood drawing room, while 37% came from the various hospital departments. Time of the realization of the samples was not mentioned on the cards or on the labels of the tubes. The anticoagulant used for all samples was sodium citrate at a concentration of 3.8%. The filling of the tubes was noncompliant in 22.25%. Registration and triage of the tubes systems were manual. Centrifugation was carried out at a rotation speed of 5000 G for 5 minutes and at a temperature set at 22°C. Hemolyzed samples accounted for 3% of the tubes.","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115568084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-18DOI: 10.11648/J.AJLM.20190406.13
Amaddah Radia, Beddou Ghita, S. Hajar, Yahyaoui Hicham, A. A. Mustapha, C. Mohamed
The ABO and RHD systems represent the most immunogenic systems and the most sought after in blood transfusion. The objective of this work was to present new statistics of phenotypic prevalence of ABO and RHD systems in Morocco using a new sample. Our study was a retrospective, descriptive and epidemiological one carried out at the Blood Transfusion Center at the Avicenne Military Hospital in Marrakech on a sample of 10,000 donors collected between the year 2009 and the year 2017. The study of the expression Erythrocyte blood group antigens by the serological phenotyping technique was based on haemagglutination. Double determination was necessary to avoid the risk of grouping errors. This technique was simple and inexpensive, and today remains a gold standard for immunohematology. At the end of this study, the frequency of the antigens of the red blood cell systems ABO and RHD was as follows: ABO system: A (32.7%), B (16.33%), AB (5.26%), O (45.71%). RHD system: RHD positive (92.29%), RHD negative (7.71%). Our results were compared to other previous Moroccan and other foreign countries studies; this allowed us to locate hemotypologically the transfusion center of the Avicenne military hospital of Marrakech in the world. At the end of this study, we have concluded that our results were consistent with previous studies in Morocco. These results were identical to those found in the Mediterranean countries and showed that Morocco was in an intermediate position between the countries of Europe and those of Black Africa.
{"title":"Prevalence of Blood Groups at the Blood Transfusion Center at the Military Hospital Avicenna of Marrakech","authors":"Amaddah Radia, Beddou Ghita, S. Hajar, Yahyaoui Hicham, A. A. Mustapha, C. Mohamed","doi":"10.11648/J.AJLM.20190406.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.AJLM.20190406.13","url":null,"abstract":"The ABO and RHD systems represent the most immunogenic systems and the most sought after in blood transfusion. The objective of this work was to present new statistics of phenotypic prevalence of ABO and RHD systems in Morocco using a new sample. Our study was a retrospective, descriptive and epidemiological one carried out at the Blood Transfusion Center at the Avicenne Military Hospital in Marrakech on a sample of 10,000 donors collected between the year 2009 and the year 2017. The study of the expression Erythrocyte blood group antigens by the serological phenotyping technique was based on haemagglutination. Double determination was necessary to avoid the risk of grouping errors. This technique was simple and inexpensive, and today remains a gold standard for immunohematology. At the end of this study, the frequency of the antigens of the red blood cell systems ABO and RHD was as follows: ABO system: A (32.7%), B (16.33%), AB (5.26%), O (45.71%). RHD system: RHD positive (92.29%), RHD negative (7.71%). Our results were compared to other previous Moroccan and other foreign countries studies; this allowed us to locate hemotypologically the transfusion center of the Avicenne military hospital of Marrakech in the world. At the end of this study, we have concluded that our results were consistent with previous studies in Morocco. These results were identical to those found in the Mediterranean countries and showed that Morocco was in an intermediate position between the countries of Europe and those of Black Africa.","PeriodicalId":320526,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Laboratory Medicine","volume":"206 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124630791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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