The comparison of haematological indices of Chrysicthys nigrodigtatus and Synodontis batensoda was carried out to evaluate their blood group, genotype and haematological profile. Test tube techniques based on agglutination test was used to evaluate the blood group, while the genotype was determined by haemoglobin electrophoresis. The haematological parameters were analyzed using standard methods. Sample size was n=10 for both fish. Results showed that WBC counts in C. nigrodigitatus males were 39.79±26.45μL and females 40.56±7.06μL, while RBC counts for males were 5.40±1.13μL and females 4.50±1.62mm3. Other results were: MCHC 33.31±0.01g/dL-1 and 33.29±0.05g/dL-1; PCV 33.6±6.73 and 33.80±9.44. HB 11.19±2.24 and 11.26±3.14 (g/dL-1); MCH 1.97±0.42 and 2.74±1.37μL and MCV 63.74±17.13 and 82.46±41.24 (fl) for male and female fish respectively. The genotype of all the males and females were the same (SS). The blood group recorded 40% for A+, 40% O+ and 20% for O- in males and 40% A+, 40% AB+ and 20% O- in females. Meanwhile, S. batensoda males and females had 10.16 ± 6.07μL and 10.65 ± 8.61μL in WBC and 9.14 ± 4.01μL and 7.76 ± 1.17μL in RBC counts respectively. While MCHC count was 33.32 ± 0.01 and 33.32 ± 0.00 g/dL-1; PCV count 39.00 ± 4.79 and 38.80 ± 5.21; HB count 12.99 ± 1.59 and 12.93 ± 1.73 (g/dL-1); MCH 1.64 ± 0.67 and 1.66 ± 0.10μL and MCV 49.64 ± 20.30 and 50.12 ± 3.11 (fl) all for males and females respectively. The genotypes of all the males and females were the same (SS). The blood group for males recorded 40% for A-, and 40% O+ and 20% O- while females recorded 40% A+, 40% O- and 20% for O+ respectively. This is similar to what is obtainable in humans. The differences in the blood group among the species could be associated with the differences in the physiological indices of the fish. Meanwhile the similar genotype observed in both species showed that the species were not migratory fishes but predominant in the lake. Keywords: Haematological indices, blood group, genotype, Chrysicthys nigrodigtatus and Synodontis batensoda
{"title":"Comparison of haematological indices, blood group and genotype of Chrysicthys nigrodigtatus and Synodontis batensoda from Geriyo Lake","authors":"L. Onyia, I. J. Ochokwu, E. Edison","doi":"10.4314/jas.v34i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jas.v34i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"The comparison of haematological indices of Chrysicthys nigrodigtatus and Synodontis batensoda was carried out to evaluate their blood group, genotype and haematological profile. Test tube techniques based on agglutination test was used to evaluate the blood group, while the genotype was determined by haemoglobin electrophoresis. The haematological parameters were analyzed using standard methods. Sample size was n=10 for both fish. Results showed that WBC counts in C. nigrodigitatus males were 39.79±26.45μL and females 40.56±7.06μL, while RBC counts for males were 5.40±1.13μL and females 4.50±1.62mm3. Other results were: MCHC 33.31±0.01g/dL-1 and 33.29±0.05g/dL-1; PCV 33.6±6.73 and 33.80±9.44. HB 11.19±2.24 and 11.26±3.14 (g/dL-1); MCH 1.97±0.42 and 2.74±1.37μL and MCV 63.74±17.13 and 82.46±41.24 (fl) for male and female fish respectively. The genotype of all the males and females were the same (SS). The blood group recorded 40% for A+, 40% O+ and 20% for O- in males and 40% A+, 40% AB+ and 20% O- in females. Meanwhile, S. batensoda males and females had 10.16 ± 6.07μL and 10.65 ± 8.61μL in WBC and 9.14 ± 4.01μL and 7.76 ± 1.17μL in RBC counts respectively. While MCHC count was 33.32 ± 0.01 and 33.32 ± 0.00 g/dL-1; PCV count 39.00 ± 4.79 and 38.80 ± 5.21; HB count 12.99 ± 1.59 and 12.93 ± 1.73 (g/dL-1); MCH 1.64 ± 0.67 and 1.66 ± 0.10μL and MCV 49.64 ± 20.30 and 50.12 ± 3.11 (fl) all for males and females respectively. The genotypes of all the males and females were the same (SS). The blood group for males recorded 40% for A-, and 40% O+ and 20% O- while females recorded 40% A+, 40% O- and 20% for O+ respectively. This is similar to what is obtainable in humans. The differences in the blood group among the species could be associated with the differences in the physiological indices of the fish. Meanwhile the similar genotype observed in both species showed that the species were not migratory fishes but predominant in the lake. \u0000Keywords: Haematological indices, blood group, genotype, Chrysicthys nigrodigtatus and Synodontis batensoda","PeriodicalId":32064,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82889962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. C. Ikechukwu, C. I. Nsofor, C. Ikeogu, H. F. Ogbonnaya
The effects of Ovaprim and catfish pituitary extracts on inducement, hatchability and growth of Clarias gariepinus were assessed. Fifteen broodfish, (9 males and 6 females) having mean weight of 1kg were procured and used for the study. All brood fish were selected by external morphological characteristics following standard procedures. The hatchlings were further raised for ten weeks for growth study. The water parameters monitored were dissolved oxygen (6.65mg/l), pH (7.3) and temperature (28ºC). The results showed that there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the mean fecundity of 29,852.67fish in Ovaprim and 26,230.00fish in pituitary extracts and hatchability rate (83.00% in Ovaprim and 81.67% in pituitary extracts). Survival rates of the fingerlings were 74.67% in Ovaprim and 76.67% in pituitary. However, significant changes (p<0.05) were observed in growth parameters such as weight gain, percentage weight gain and specific growth rates. From the results, Ovaprim is highly recommended to hatchery users considering the rate of fertilization, hatchability, survival, growth rate, low cost and availability. Keywords: Pituitary extract, Ovaprim, hypophysation and Clarias gariepinus
{"title":"Comparative effects of ovaprim and pituitary hormone on the inducement, hatchability, survival and growth performance of Clarias gariepinus","authors":"C. C. Ikechukwu, C. I. Nsofor, C. Ikeogu, H. F. Ogbonnaya","doi":"10.4314/jas.v34i2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jas.v34i2.15","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of Ovaprim and catfish pituitary extracts on inducement, hatchability and growth of Clarias gariepinus were assessed. Fifteen broodfish, (9 males and 6 females) having mean weight of 1kg were procured and used for the study. All brood fish were selected by external morphological characteristics following standard procedures. The hatchlings were further raised for ten weeks for growth study. The water parameters monitored were dissolved oxygen (6.65mg/l), pH (7.3) and temperature (28ºC). The results showed that there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the mean fecundity of 29,852.67fish in Ovaprim and 26,230.00fish in pituitary extracts and hatchability rate (83.00% in Ovaprim and 81.67% in pituitary extracts). Survival rates of the fingerlings were 74.67% in Ovaprim and 76.67% in pituitary. However, significant changes (p<0.05) were observed in growth parameters such as weight gain, percentage weight gain and specific growth rates. From the results, Ovaprim is highly recommended to hatchery users considering the rate of fertilization, hatchability, survival, growth rate, low cost and availability. \u0000Keywords: Pituitary extract, Ovaprim, hypophysation and Clarias gariepinus","PeriodicalId":32064,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"241 1","pages":"125-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72928245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study evaluated proximate compositions, length-weight relationships, condition factor and the survival rates of hybrid catfish, Clarobranchus (Clarias gariepinus (male) X Heterobranchus bidorsalis (female) reared at different densities in tarpaulin tanks. Fish were stocked at densities of 25, 50, 75 and 100fish/m3. Each treatment was replicated three times. Fish were fed with commercial catfish feed (45% crude protein) at 5% body weight for 84 days. Length and weight data collected were analyzed with FISAT software using the ELEFAN package to estimate relationship in body parameters. The mean exponent (b) for total length was 3.07 for fish reared at 75fish/m3. This showed positive allometric function, indicating that the species gets plumper as it grows larger. The regression line indicated a significant relationship (r = 0.9112; p < 0.05) with the equation W = 5.3783L3.0700. This showed that there was a high and significant correlation between the various total length and weight of Clarobranchus. Fish condition was best at 75fish/m3 density. There were no variations (p<0.05) in fish survival rates and whole body compositions. The results suggested that 75fish/m3 provided optimum environment for rearing Clarobranchus. Keywords: Hybrid, catfish, condition factor, survival, nutrient values
{"title":"Proximate compositions and length-weight relationships of hybrid catfish, Clarias gariepinus (♂) X Heterobranchus bidorsalis (♀) under various densities","authors":"M. Effiong, N. Peter","doi":"10.4314/jas.v34i2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jas.v34i2.18","url":null,"abstract":"The study evaluated proximate compositions, length-weight relationships, condition factor and the survival rates of hybrid catfish, Clarobranchus (Clarias gariepinus (male) X Heterobranchus bidorsalis (female) reared at different densities in tarpaulin tanks. Fish were stocked at densities of 25, 50, 75 and 100fish/m3. Each treatment was replicated three times. Fish were fed with commercial catfish feed (45% crude protein) at 5% body weight for 84 days. Length and weight data collected were analyzed with FISAT software using the ELEFAN package to estimate relationship in body parameters. The mean exponent (b) for total length was 3.07 for fish reared at 75fish/m3. This showed positive allometric function, indicating that the species gets plumper as it grows larger. The regression line indicated a significant relationship (r = 0.9112; p < 0.05) with the equation W = 5.3783L3.0700. This showed that there was a high and significant correlation between the various total length and weight of Clarobranchus. Fish condition was best at 75fish/m3 density. There were no variations (p<0.05) in fish survival rates and whole body compositions. The results suggested that 75fish/m3 provided optimum environment for rearing Clarobranchus. \u0000Keywords: Hybrid, catfish, condition factor, survival, nutrient values","PeriodicalId":32064,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"153-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77349929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study investigated fungi associated with sea foods, fish (Pellonula leonensis) and crayfish (Parapandalus pritis) from different wetlands (Ibeno, Ikot Abasi, Eket and Itu) in Akwa Ibom State. Samples were collected and cultured on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and the isolated fungi were identified using molecular technique. Based on PCR amplification, sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer and phylogenetic analysis, the fungi identified were: Aspergillus niger, A. felis, A. foetidus, A. aculeatus, A. japonicus, A. flavus, A. tamari, A. terreus, Penicilium citrinum, Candida tropicalis and Trametes polyzona. The most commonly isolated fungi from fish for the four locations were A. niger (52.8) in Itu, P. citrinum (51.7) in Ibeno, A. foetidus (53.5) in Ikot Abasi and A. aculeatus (51.6) in Eket. For samples of crayfish, the most commonly isolated fungi were A. niger (25.1) in Itu and A. foetidus (20.1) in Ikot Abasi. Generally, Ibeno recorded the highest frequencies of fungal isolates while Ikot Abasi had the least. Percentage occurrence of fungi isolated from fish samples were significantly higher (p<0.05) when compared with those isolated from crayfish samples. The presence of these fungi showed that sea foods were exposed to an increasing number of virulent infectious diseases in natural populations, and fungal-like diseases can cause some of the most severe die-offs and extinctions ever witnessed in wild species thus jeopardizing food security Keywords: Fungi, Sea food, Wetland, Aspergillus, Fish.
{"title":"Comparative studies of fungi associated with sea foods in different wetlands of Akwa Ibom State","authors":"I. Bassey, N. Asamudo","doi":"10.4314/jas.v34i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jas.v34i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated fungi associated with sea foods, fish (Pellonula leonensis) and crayfish (Parapandalus pritis) from different wetlands (Ibeno, Ikot Abasi, Eket and Itu) in Akwa Ibom State. Samples were collected and cultured on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and the isolated fungi were identified using molecular technique. Based on PCR amplification, sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer and phylogenetic analysis, the fungi identified were: Aspergillus niger, A. felis, A. foetidus, A. aculeatus, A. japonicus, A. flavus, A. tamari, A. terreus, Penicilium citrinum, Candida tropicalis and Trametes polyzona. The most commonly isolated fungi from fish for the four locations were A. niger (52.8) in Itu, P. citrinum (51.7) in Ibeno, A. foetidus (53.5) in Ikot Abasi and A. aculeatus (51.6) in Eket. For samples of crayfish, the most commonly isolated fungi were A. niger (25.1) in Itu and A. foetidus (20.1) in Ikot Abasi. Generally, Ibeno recorded the highest frequencies of fungal isolates while Ikot Abasi had the least. Percentage occurrence of fungi isolated from fish samples were significantly higher (p<0.05) when compared with those isolated from crayfish samples. The presence of these fungi showed that sea foods were exposed to an increasing number of virulent infectious diseases in natural populations, and fungal-like diseases can cause some of the most severe die-offs and extinctions ever witnessed in wild species thus jeopardizing food security \u0000Keywords: Fungi, Sea food, Wetland, Aspergillus, Fish.","PeriodicalId":32064,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"292 1","pages":"41-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79496274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was carried out to establish the effect of processing methods on the quality of oil extracted from Moringa seeds. The oil was extracted from the raw and processed (Boiling for 90 minutes and soaking for 72 hours) (BS90min/72hours) seeds using a mini oil screw press extraction machine. The Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometer GC-MS analysis of raw and treated Moringa seed oil indicated presence of four saturated (lauric, myristic, palmitic and arachidonic) and five unsaturated (palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic) fatty acids. There was a consistent trend of reduction in the concentrations of both the unsaturated and saturated fatty acids in the treated samples compared to the raw samples. Oleic acid was most abundant of the unsaturated fatty acids in both the raw (88.792%) and treated (79.946%) Moringa seed oil. Myristic acid recorded the lowest concentration of the saturated fatty acids in raw (0.939%) and treated (0.7640%) seed oils. The peroxide value also increased from 0.03±0.00mg/mol/kg in the raw to 73.00±0.06 mg/mol/kg in the treated oils. The quality character of the Moringa oil with respect to high peroxide value recorded in the oil of the processed seed indicated reduced shelf life. This calls for further studies to explore and improve on its nutritional values for possible utilization as an alternative to fish oil in fish feed production. Keywords: Dietary oil, saturated, unsaturated, extraction, fatty acid.
{"title":"Effects of processing methods on fatty acid composition, physical and chemical properties of Moringa oleifera seed oil","authors":"M. A. Haruna, J. K. Ipinjolu, A. Orire","doi":"10.4314/jas.v34i2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jas.v34i2.14","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to establish the effect of processing methods on the quality of oil extracted from Moringa seeds. The oil was extracted from the raw and processed (Boiling for 90 minutes and soaking for 72 hours) (BS90min/72hours) seeds using a mini oil screw press extraction machine. The Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometer GC-MS analysis of raw and treated Moringa seed oil indicated presence of four saturated (lauric, myristic, palmitic and arachidonic) and five unsaturated (palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic) fatty acids. There was a consistent trend of reduction in the concentrations of both the unsaturated and saturated fatty acids in the treated samples compared to the raw samples. Oleic acid was most abundant of the unsaturated fatty acids in both the raw (88.792%) and treated (79.946%) Moringa seed oil. Myristic acid recorded the lowest concentration of the saturated fatty acids in raw (0.939%) and treated (0.7640%) seed oils. The peroxide value also increased from 0.03±0.00mg/mol/kg in the raw to 73.00±0.06 mg/mol/kg in the treated oils. The quality character of the Moringa oil with respect to high peroxide value recorded in the oil of the processed seed indicated reduced shelf life. This calls for further studies to explore and improve on its nutritional values for possible utilization as an alternative to fish oil in fish feed production. \u0000Keywords: Dietary oil, saturated, unsaturated, extraction, fatty acid.","PeriodicalId":32064,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"117-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82176593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was carried out to assess the microbiological quality of smoked Trachurus trachurus and Scomber scumbrus in four markets in Orlu Local Government Area, South East, Nigeria. Forty freshly smoked samples of Trachurus trachurus and Scomber scumbrus were procured from Eke Eziachi, Orlu Main, Aforaja Umuowa and Afor Ogidi Ihioma markets and analyzed using standard techniques. Results revealed that Orlu main market had the highest level of microbial contamination (mean bacteria and fungi count of 5 x 102 and 10 x 102cfu/g respectively). The highest total viable count (7 x102 cfu/g) of Scomber scumbrus was obtained in Aforaja Umuowa market while the least value of 2 x102 cfu/g was observed in Afor Ogidi Ihioma market. Also, similar value was recorded in Trachurus trachurus at Aforaja Umuowa market. Results from the study indicated that pathogens present in fish samples included bacteria (Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp and Staphylococcus aureus) and fungi (Gliocladium spp., Candida spp., Rhizopus spp., Alternaria spp., Aspergillus spp., Clasdosprium spp., Fonsecaca spp., Chrysoporius spp., mucour spp. and Botrytis spp). The study also showed that freshly smoked Trachurus trachurus and Scomber scumbrus samples sold in the four markets under assessment were contaminated with pathogenic organisms. This may however present some public health implications. Keywords: Microbial activity, Smoked fish, Orlu, Fish quality; Hygiene
{"title":"Microflora of smoked Trachurus trachurus and Scomber scombrus samples in Orlu South East, Nigeria and its implication on public health","authors":"L. Agbabiaka, C. Agu","doi":"10.4314/jas.v34i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jas.v34i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to assess the microbiological quality of smoked Trachurus trachurus and Scomber scumbrus in four markets in Orlu Local Government Area, South East, Nigeria. Forty freshly smoked samples of Trachurus trachurus and Scomber scumbrus were procured from Eke Eziachi, Orlu Main, Aforaja Umuowa and Afor Ogidi Ihioma markets and analyzed using standard techniques. Results revealed that Orlu main market had the highest level of microbial contamination (mean bacteria and fungi count of 5 x 102 and 10 x 102cfu/g respectively). The highest total viable count (7 x102 cfu/g) of Scomber scumbrus was obtained in Aforaja Umuowa market while the least value of 2 x102 cfu/g was observed in Afor Ogidi Ihioma market. Also, similar value was recorded in Trachurus trachurus at Aforaja Umuowa market. Results from the study indicated that pathogens present in fish samples included bacteria (Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp and Staphylococcus aureus) and fungi (Gliocladium spp., Candida spp., Rhizopus spp., Alternaria spp., Aspergillus spp., Clasdosprium spp., Fonsecaca spp., Chrysoporius spp., mucour spp. and Botrytis spp). The study also showed that freshly smoked Trachurus trachurus and Scomber scumbrus samples sold in the four markets under assessment were contaminated with pathogenic organisms. This may however present some public health implications. \u0000Keywords: Microbial activity, Smoked fish, Orlu, Fish quality; Hygiene","PeriodicalId":32064,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"7-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74283239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of different synthetic hormonal preparations on fertilization and hatching in Clarias gariepinus was investigated. The fish were injected with three different synthetic hormones namely: ovaprim, ovulin, and carp pituitary extracts (CPE) designated as treatments A, B, and C respectively. These were all replicated three times in a complete randomized design. The eggs were monitored until fertilization and hatching were completed. The results of the experiment were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). From the results, treatment B had the highest percentage fertilization (79.4%) and hatchability (80.0%), which were significantly different (p>0.05) from both treatments A and C. Treatment C had the least values of 67.7% and 62.30%. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) amongst the water parameters of the culture units examined during the experimental period. The results of this study showed that all the three hormones yielded good performance but ovulin was the best preferred. Keywords: Ovaprim, ovulin, fertilization, hatching, C. gariepinus.
{"title":"Effects of different synthetic hormone preparations on fertilization and hatching in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)","authors":"A. Uka, P. Asangusung, G. Okoro","doi":"10.4314/jas.v34i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jas.v34i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of different synthetic hormonal preparations on fertilization and hatching in Clarias gariepinus was investigated. The fish were injected with three different synthetic hormones namely: ovaprim, ovulin, and carp pituitary extracts (CPE) designated as treatments A, B, and C respectively. These were all replicated three times in a complete randomized design. The eggs were monitored until fertilization and hatching were completed. The results of the experiment were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). From the results, treatment B had the highest percentage fertilization (79.4%) and hatchability (80.0%), which were significantly different (p>0.05) from both treatments A and C. Treatment C had the least values of 67.7% and 62.30%. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) amongst the water parameters of the culture units examined during the experimental period. The results of this study showed that all the three hormones yielded good performance but ovulin was the best preferred. \u0000Keywords: Ovaprim, ovulin, fertilization, hatching, C. gariepinus.","PeriodicalId":32064,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73996872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A twelve-month study was conducted to examine the influence of physico-chemical parameters on the primary production of Nworie River to assess its suitability for fish culture. Water samples were collected from three stations along the river course and examined for various parameters. Data collected were analyzed using multivariate analysis, stepwise linear regression and spearman correlation while Tukey’s honestly significant difference was used to separate the means. Results showed that water temperature was significantly different (p<0.05) at all stations and were within normal range for fish culture. Similar observation was made in, the levels of conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), nitrogen-nitrate, free carbon dioxide, depth, chlorine, hardness and primary productivity. The levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) and phosphate-phosphorus were not significant (p>0.05) but within normal range for fish culture. Alkalinity and pH showed significant differences (p<0.05) in all stations during the study. In Station 1, alkalinity and pH levels were 8.06±1.9mg/l and 5.4±0.3mg/l respectively. Heavy metal concentrations recorded revealed that the levels of Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), and Zinc (Zn) were significantly different (p<0.05) in all stations and were within permissible limit for fish culture while the level of lead (6.72±0.78 – 7.540.36mg/l) was not. The regression analysis revealed that variables in DO, TDS, free CO2, Cd, and depth influenced primary productivity and were both positively and negatively correlated at 5% and 1% probability levels respectively. The authors thus concluded that Nworie River may not support aquaculture development until some ecological situations are remedied. Keywords: Physico-chemical parameters, Aquaculture development, Nworie River, Fish culture
{"title":"Influence of physico-chemical characteristics on the primary productivity of Nworie River, Imo State, Nigeria","authors":"J. Ukagwu, D. Anyanwu, S. Ohaturonye, J. Offor","doi":"10.4314/jas.v34i1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jas.v34i1.11","url":null,"abstract":"A twelve-month study was conducted to examine the influence of physico-chemical parameters on the primary production of Nworie River to assess its suitability for fish culture. Water samples were collected from three stations along the river course and examined for various parameters. Data collected were analyzed using multivariate analysis, stepwise linear regression and spearman correlation while Tukey’s honestly significant difference was used to separate the means. Results showed that water temperature was significantly different (p<0.05) at all stations and were within normal range for fish culture. Similar observation was made in, the levels of conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), nitrogen-nitrate, free carbon dioxide, depth, chlorine, hardness and primary productivity. The levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) and phosphate-phosphorus were not significant (p>0.05) but within normal range for fish culture. Alkalinity and pH showed significant differences (p<0.05) in all stations during the study. In Station 1, alkalinity and pH levels were 8.06±1.9mg/l and 5.4±0.3mg/l respectively. Heavy metal concentrations recorded revealed that the levels of Chromium (Cr), Cadmium (Cd), and Zinc (Zn) were significantly different (p<0.05) in all stations and were within permissible limit for fish culture while the level of lead (6.72±0.78 – 7.540.36mg/l) was not. The regression analysis revealed that variables in DO, TDS, free CO2, Cd, and depth influenced primary productivity and were both positively and negatively correlated at 5% and 1% probability levels respectively. The authors thus concluded that Nworie River may not support aquaculture development until some ecological situations are remedied. \u0000Keywords: Physico-chemical parameters, Aquaculture development, Nworie River, Fish culture","PeriodicalId":32064,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"87-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87545740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study assessed percentage preference and proximate composition of some selected plant species in Idemili South Area of Anambra State. Plants were identified and collected for herbarium preparation. A total of 23 different species belonging to 16 families were identified. These consisted of 11 trees, 4 shrubs, 3 herbs and 3 grasses. These plants were harvested, processed and stored separately. A 25 gm portion of each plant was measured and administered to 3 matured goats per day. The feeding trial lasted for 23 days. The frequency and rate of consumption of each plant was determined using a stop watch. The results showed that Manihot esculenta representing 73.3 % was highly preferred plant by all the animals while Colocasia esculenta having 18.7 % was moderately preferred. Proximate composition of the fodder was determined using standard method and results revealed that protein content ranged from 5.85% in Tridax procumbens and 23.86% in Desmodium scorpiurus. Lipid content ranged between 1.31 % and 8.37 % for Carica papaya and Manihot esculenta respectively while crude fibre content ranged from 8.09 to 33.01% in Tridax procumbens and Pennisetum purpureum respectively. The highest ash content (11.28 %) was recorded in Colocasia esculenta while the least level (2.17 %) in Tridax procumbens. Also, moisture content was observed to be highest in Manihot esculenta (10.29 %) and least in Dialium guineensis, while carbohydrate contents ranged between 13.41 % and 67.82 % for Persea americana and Tridax procumbens respectively. It could be concluded that plant species under this study were found to be rich in essential nutrients but Vernonia amygdalina, Amaranthus spinosus, Manihot esculenta, Ficus elasticoides and Milicia excelsa were most preferred plant species by experimental animals. Keywords: Plant species, goat, livestock feed, proximate composition, Idemili South Area
{"title":"Percentage preference/proximate composition of some plants species used as livestock feed in Idemili South, Anambra State","authors":"C. H. Adawai, C. Ukpaka, B. Chinyere","doi":"10.4314/jas.v34i1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jas.v34i1.9","url":null,"abstract":"The study assessed percentage preference and proximate composition of some selected plant species in Idemili South Area of Anambra State. Plants were identified and collected for herbarium preparation. A total of 23 different species belonging to 16 families were identified. These consisted of 11 trees, 4 shrubs, 3 herbs and 3 grasses. These plants were harvested, processed and stored separately. A 25 gm portion of each plant was measured and administered to 3 matured goats per day. The feeding trial lasted for 23 days. The frequency and rate of consumption of each plant was determined using a stop watch. The results showed that Manihot esculenta representing 73.3 % was highly preferred plant by all the animals while Colocasia esculenta having 18.7 % was moderately preferred. Proximate composition of the fodder was determined using standard method and results revealed that protein content ranged from 5.85% in Tridax procumbens and 23.86% in Desmodium scorpiurus. Lipid content ranged between 1.31 % and 8.37 % for Carica papaya and Manihot esculenta respectively while crude fibre content ranged from 8.09 to 33.01% in Tridax procumbens and Pennisetum purpureum respectively. The highest ash content (11.28 %) was recorded in Colocasia esculenta while the least level (2.17 %) in Tridax procumbens. Also, moisture content was observed to be highest in Manihot esculenta (10.29 %) and least in Dialium guineensis, while carbohydrate contents ranged between 13.41 % and 67.82 % for Persea americana and Tridax procumbens respectively. It could be concluded that plant species under this study were found to be rich in essential nutrients but Vernonia amygdalina, Amaranthus spinosus, Manihot esculenta, Ficus elasticoides and Milicia excelsa were most preferred plant species by experimental animals. \u0000Keywords: Plant species, goat, livestock feed, proximate composition, Idemili South Area","PeriodicalId":32064,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"71-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79145683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study assessed the relationship between demand and consumer preferences for differently processed (dried and iced) fish products in Abakaliki metropolis. Purposive random sampling technique was used to select the respondents (60 consumers and 20 marketers) who through questionnaire and interview schedule supplied the data used for the study. The data collected were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics in the forms of frequency and percentages. Economic benefit was assessed using gross margin analysis. The results obtained showed that most of the consumers (56.67%) and marketers (65%) of fish products were married females who were within the age range of 35 and 38 years. Mean household size was 7 and 6 persons for consumers and marketers respectively while mean annual income was N105,080 and N183,000 respectively. Results of economic analysis showed that marketers who sold mangala (Bangi mangala) fish in dried form made a gross margin of N1,649,580 while those who sold in iced form made a gross margin of N505,830. In conclusion, selling fish in dried form was more profitable given a net return of N3.631 to every N1 invested as against N1.810 gotten for iced fish marketing. The recommendation was that mangala fish should be processed and sold in dried form to enhance profitability. Keywords: Assessment, fish, demand, preference, Abakaliki metropolis
{"title":"Assessment of the levels of demand and consumer preferences for differently processed fish in Abakaliki Metropolis","authors":"M. .. Nwabunike, V. Okuwe, G. Igwe","doi":"10.4314/jas.v34i1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/jas.v34i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The study assessed the relationship between demand and consumer preferences for differently processed (dried and iced) fish products in Abakaliki metropolis. Purposive random sampling technique was used to select the respondents (60 consumers and 20 marketers) who through questionnaire and interview schedule supplied the data used for the study. The data collected were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics in the forms of frequency and percentages. Economic benefit was assessed using gross margin analysis. The results obtained showed that most of the consumers (56.67%) and marketers (65%) of fish products were married females who were within the age range of 35 and 38 years. Mean household size was 7 and 6 persons for consumers and marketers respectively while mean annual income was N105,080 and N183,000 respectively. Results of economic analysis showed that marketers who sold mangala (Bangi mangala) fish in dried form made a gross margin of N1,649,580 while those who sold in iced form made a gross margin of N505,830. In conclusion, selling fish in dried form was more profitable given a net return of N3.631 to every N1 invested as against N1.810 gotten for iced fish marketing. The recommendation was that mangala fish should be processed and sold in dried form to enhance profitability. \u0000Keywords: Assessment, fish, demand, preference, Abakaliki metropolis","PeriodicalId":32064,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Aquatic Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":"15-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84038937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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