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The Effects Of Physical Activity On Obesity Among The Population Of Different Ages: A Systematic Review 体育活动对不同年龄人群肥胖的影响:一项系统综述
Pub Date : 2021-07-16 DOI: 10.26773/JASPE.210704
Mima Stanković, Stefan Djodjevic, M. Hadžović, D. Djordjević, Borko Katanic
The aim of this research is a systematic review of the available literature with the effects of physical activity (aerobic training, strength endurance training, etc.) on the obesity of the population of different ages. For collection of previous research on the impact of physical activity on motor fitness, the following electronic databases were searched: PubMed, SCIndeks, PEDro, J-GATE, SCIndes, DOAJ and Google Scholar. The works in the period from 2000 to 2019 were searched. The following keywords were used in the database search: exercise, physical activity, children, adult, aerobic training, resistance training, walking. This systematic review was conducted in agreement with the PRISMA guidelines. The results of the analyzed works indicated that only 20 works met the set selection criteria. In the analyzed works were 845 respondents. In the most researches, the training program lasted 12 weeks, while the shortest program lasted only 5 weeks. Combining endurance training with aerobic training has been shown as the most effective method in the prevention and treatment of obesity.
本研究的目的是对现有文献进行系统综述,探讨体育活动(有氧训练、力量耐力训练等)对不同年龄人群肥胖的影响。为了收集以往关于体育活动对运动健康影响的研究,我们检索了以下电子数据库:PubMed、SCIndeks、PEDro、J-GATE、SCIndeks、DOAJ和谷歌Scholar。检索2000年至2019年期间的作品。在数据库搜索中使用了以下关键词:运动,体育活动,儿童,成人,有氧训练,阻力训练,步行。该系统评价是按照PRISMA指南进行的。分析结果表明,只有20部作品符合既定的选择标准。在分析的作品中有845名受访者。在大多数研究中,训练计划持续了12周,而最短的计划只有5周。耐力训练与有氧训练相结合已被证明是预防和治疗肥胖最有效的方法。
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引用次数: 0
The Attitudes of Montenegrin Billiard Players towards Necessity to Establish Billiard Association 黑山台球运动员对建立台球协会必要性的态度
Pub Date : 2021-07-16 DOI: 10.26773/JASPE.210702
Gordana Radoicic, Podgorica Montenegro Independent Researcher, Z. Milošević, Boris Zarkovic, S. Redzepagić, Blazo Jabucanin
In Montenegro billiards has it's long history, but according to fact that it is actively and en masse played throughout Montenegro, it certainly has it's present and future. Aim of this research is to examine attitudes of billiard players from Montenegro towards necessity to establish billiard association. The instrument of this research is a survey questionnaire. The respondents are active billiard players from Montenegro, 78 of them, average age of 33.35±7.94 years, who expressed their attitudes by choosing one of offered answers on asked question. This study results are analysed by Google Forms platform. Based on the results of this research, the conclusion is that Montenegrin billiard players consider that Montenegro needs to establish national billiard association.
在黑山,台球有着悠久的历史,但事实上,它在整个黑山都很活跃,很有前途。本研究的目的是考察黑山台球运动员对建立台球协会必要性的态度。本研究的工具是一份调查问卷。受访者是来自黑山的活跃台球运动员,其中78人,平均年龄33.35±7.94岁,他们通过在提问中选择一个答案来表达自己的态度。谷歌表单平台对这一研究结果进行了分析。根据研究结果,黑山台球运动员认为黑山需要建立国家台球协会。
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引用次数: 0
Cost of Healthcare is Skyrocketing in the USA: A Broken Medicare Must be Reformed 美国医疗成本飙升:必须改革支离破碎的医疗保险
Pub Date : 2021-07-16 DOI: 10.26773/JASPE.210705
Te Bu, B. Masanovic, Huiqing Huang, Tao Fu
This short report discusses the current cost of the healthcare system in the United States. The affordability problems in the United States stem directly from insufficient competition of drug prices from the Medicare system. This report provided evidence about how the proposed Medicare reforms are skewed and would unlikely end the blank-check approach to pricing of Medicare that drives our healthcare spending and affordability problems.
这份简短的报告讨论了美国医疗系统的当前成本。美国的负担能力问题直接源于医疗保险系统对药品价格的竞争不足。这份报告提供了证据,证明拟议的医疗保险改革是如何扭曲的,不太可能结束导致我们医疗支出和负担能力问题的医疗保险定价的空白支票方法。
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引用次数: 0
Differences in the Anthropological Status of Young Football Players in Relation to the Chronological age within one Calendar Year 一个日历年内年轻足球运动员的人类学地位与年龄的差异
Pub Date : 2021-07-16 DOI: 10.26773/JASPE.210703
Ljubica Cubrilo, Veljko Vukićević, Slobodan Vignjević, Nenad Njaradi
The aim of this research is to determine whether there are statistically significant differences in the anthropological status of young football players in relation to chronological age within one calendar year. The sample consisted of a total of 50 male respondents, Technical School “Mihajlo Pupin” students from the municipality of Indjija. The sample was divided into two subsamples according to chronological age (born by June 30, 2005; born July 1, 2005 and later). The students are also members of the football club in which they train. By examining the morphological characteristics, data were obtained in the following variables: body height, body mass and body mass index. Static and explosive power testing data were obtained in the following variables: standing long jump, bent arm hang and running 30 meters. It was concluded that there are no statistically significant differences between young football players of different chronological ages in anthropological status. No differences were found in the total space of tested and measured variables (MANOVA) nor in the individual space (ANOVA). The research included two anthropological spaces, morphological and motor, and none of them showed differences between young football players of different chronological ages. Out of a total of six measured and tested variables, the only variable that was on the border of the difference between the groups was running 30 meters, which may indicate that different explosive power of the lower extremities between the two tested groups, in this case, in favor of the younger group.
这项研究的目的是确定在一个日历年内,年轻足球运动员的人类学地位与实际年龄之间是否存在统计学上的显著差异。样本由50名男性受访者组成,他们是Indjija市技术学校“Mihajlo Pupin”的学生。样本根据年龄分为两个子样本(出生于2005年6月30日;出生于2005月1日及以后)。学生们也是他们训练的足球俱乐部的成员。通过检查形态特征,获得了以下变量的数据:身高、体重和体重指数。静态和爆炸力测试数据是在以下变量中获得的:站立跳远、屈臂悬吊和跑30米。得出的结论是,不同年龄段的年轻足球运动员在人类学地位上没有统计学上的显著差异。测试和测量变量的总空间(MANOVA)和个体空间(ANOVA)均未发现差异。这项研究包括形态和运动两个人类学空间,没有一个空间显示出不同年龄段的年轻足球运动员之间的差异。在总共六个测量和测试变量中,唯一一个处于两组之间差异边界的变量是跑30米,这可能表明两个测试组的下肢爆发力不同,在这种情况下,有利于年轻组。
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引用次数: 0
Field Audit of Strength and Conditioning Coaches’ Instructional and Motivational Language Repertoire 力量训练教练教学动机语言汇辑的现场审计
Pub Date : 2021-07-16 DOI: 10.26773/JASPE.210701
Alexandra Szarabajko, B. Cardinal, Dakota B. Dailey, N. E. Ughelu, Jake D. Wambaugh
Strength and conditioning (S&C) coaches must employ psychological skills to optimally motivate athletes and promote their well-being. Yet, S&C coaches feel uncomfortable in their ability to apply such skills, highlighting a need for the development of science-based, practical tools. The purpose of this study was to examine the verbal language used by S&C coaches in publicly available YouTube videos through the Psychological Capital Model (PCM) lens. Coaches’ statements (N = 178) were transcribed verbatim and coded into one of the eight dimensions of the PCM. Significant differences were found in S&C coaches’ use of the eight developmental dimensions of the PCM, x 2 (7, N = 173) = 139.52, p < .0001, C = .67. Three PCM developmental dimensions were overused (i.e., standard residuals ranging from +2.76 to +7.10; i.e., experiencing success/modeling others [n = 54, 31.2%], building efficacy/confidence [n = 48, 27.8%], and implementing obstacle planning [n = 34, 19.7%]), while five were underused (i.e., standard residuals ranging from -2.23 to -4.18; i.e., building assets/avoiding risk [n = 11, 6.4%], persuasion and arousal [n = 10, 5.8%], affecting the influence process [n = 9, 5.2%]), goals and pathway design [n = 5, 2.9%]), and developing positive expectancy [n = 2, 1.2%]). To facilitate the use of a more diverse set of psychological strategies, this study offers a collection of 40 practice- and science-based motivational statements – five for each of the eight PCM dimensions – that S&C coaches may use and build upon to improve their own coaching language and practices.
力量和体能(S&C)教练必须运用心理技能来最佳地激励运动员并促进他们的健康。然而,S&C教练对他们应用这些技能的能力感到不舒服,这突出了开发基于科学的实用工具的必要性。本研究的目的是通过心理资本模型(PCM)的视角来检验S&C教练在公开的YouTube视频中使用的语言。教练的陈述(N=178)被逐字转录,并编码为PCM的八个维度之一。S&C教练对PCM八个发展维度的使用存在显著差异,x2(7,N=173)=139.52,p<.0001,C=.67。三个PCM发展维度被过度使用(即,标准残差范围从+2.76到+7.10;即,体验成功/建模他人[n=54,31.2%],建立功效/信心[n=48,27.8%],以及实施障碍规划[n=3419.7%]),而五项未得到充分利用(即,标准残差范围为-2.23至-4.18;即,建立资产/规避风险[n=11.6%]、说服和唤醒[n=105.8%]、影响影响过程[n=95.2%])、目标和路径设计[n=52.9%]),以及发展积极预期[n=21.2%]),这项研究收集了40个基于实践和科学的动机陈述,其中八个PCM维度各有五个,S&C教练可以使用这些陈述并在此基础上改进自己的教练语言和实践。
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引用次数: 0
Changes in Nutritional Status of 5-6 year old Children in Podgorica between 2013 and 2020 2013 - 2020年波德戈里察5-6岁儿童营养状况的变化
Pub Date : 2021-01-18 DOI: 10.26773/JASPE.210102
Milica Vučeraković, Milica Mitrović
The aim of this research was to analyze the level of nutrition of students enrolled in primary school in 2013 and students enrolled in primary school in 2020. The research includes data on the height and weight of children from the obligatory systematic examinations. These systematic examinations included a sample of 82 children. We divided them into four subsamples. The first subsample consists of 19 boys enrolled in school in 2013 (n = 19), and the second 18 girls enrolled in the same year (n = 18). The third subsample consists of 24 boys enrolled in 2020 (n = 24), and the fourth 21 girls enrolled in 2020 (n = 21). The measurement was performed by health workers at the PHI Health Center "Nova Varos" in Podgorica. Body mass and body height are determinated, and that was the basis for calculation of the body mass index (BMI). For all variables, were calculated the values of the measures of central and dispersion tendency. Differences in body parameters for assessing nutrition between children were determined using the t-test for small and independent samples and the Hi square test. The percentage of obese boys enrolled in 2013 was 28%, obese girls 0%, the percentage of obese boys enrolled in 2020 was 21%, and obese girls was 19%. There are statistically significant differences between boys measured in 2013 and 2020, in favor of boys measured in 2020. There are also statistically significant differences between girls measured in 2013 and 2020 (obese girls were measured in 2020). When it comes to comparing genders by age, there are statistically significant differences in favor of girls measured in 2013 and girls measured in 2020. It can be concluded that obesity is on the rise, given the fact that more obese children are enrolled in school in 2020.
本研究旨在分析2013年和2020年小学入学学生的营养水平。这项研究包括强制性系统检查中的儿童身高和体重数据。这些系统检查包括82名儿童的样本。我们把它们分成四个子样本。第一个子样本包括2013年入学的19名男孩(n=19)和同年入学的18名女孩(n=18)。第三个子样本包括2020年入学的24名男孩(n=24),第四个样本包括2020年度入学的21名女孩(n=21)。这项测量是由波德戈里察的PHI健康中心“Nova Varos”的卫生工作者进行的。体重和身高是确定的,这是计算体重指数(BMI)的基础。对于所有变量,计算了中心和分散趋势的测量值。使用小样本和独立样本的t检验和Hi平方检验来确定儿童之间评估营养的身体参数差异。2013年入学的肥胖男孩比例为28%,肥胖女孩比例为0%,2020年入学的超重男孩比例为21%,超重女孩比例为19%。2013年和2020年测量的男孩之间存在统计学上的显著差异,有利于2020年的男孩。2013年和2020年测量的女孩之间也存在统计学上的显著差异(2020年测量了肥胖女孩)。在按年龄比较性别时,2013年和2020年的女孩在统计学上存在显著差异。可以得出结论,鉴于2020年有更多肥胖儿童入学,肥胖率正在上升。
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引用次数: 0
Association between Physical Activity Level and Hemoglobin Concentration in Male College Students 男大学生体育活动水平与血红蛋白浓度的关系
Pub Date : 2020-04-14 DOI: 10.26773/jaspe.200409
I. Haryono, Rika Zaskia, Stefanus Lembar
Increased physical activity is useful for reducing the risk of most non communicable diseases. However, the effect of high physical activity on hematological profile is not established yet. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of physical activity and hemoglobin concentration in college students. This cross-sectional study involved 67 male students of Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia. The physical activity was evaluated using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Hemoglobin concentration was measured using a hemoglobinometer. Anova test with LSD post hoc analysis was applied to compare the hemoglobin concentration between groups. Significance was set at p<0.05. There were 17 students (25.4%) with low physical activity, 20 students (29.8%) with moderate physical activity, and 30 students (44.8%) with high physical activity. The hemoglobin concentrations were 15.6g/dL in low physical activity, 14.8 g/dL in moderate physical activity, and 15.2 g/dL in high physical activity. LSD post hoc analysis showed that hemoglobin in low physical activity is significantly higher than in moderate (p=0.027). Students with moderate physical activity had the lowest hemoglobin concentration, and significantly lower than students with low physical activity.
增加体育活动有助于降低大多数非传染性疾病的风险。然而,高体力活动对血液学特征的影响尚未确定。本研究的目的是调查大学生体育活动与血红蛋白浓度的关系。这项横断面研究涉及印度尼西亚阿特玛查亚天主教大学医学与健康科学学院的67名男生。使用国际体力活动问卷(IPAQ)对体力活动进行评估。使用血红蛋白计测量血红蛋白浓度。应用Anova试验和LSD事后分析来比较各组之间的血红蛋白浓度。显著性设定为p<0.05。有17名学生(25.4%)参加了低体力活动,20名学生(29.8%)参加了中等体力活动,30名学生(44.8%)参加高体力活动。低体力活动时血红蛋白浓度为15.6g/dL,中等体力活动时为14.8g/dL和高体力活动时的血红蛋白浓度为15.2g/dL。LSD事后分析显示,低体力活动的学生血红蛋白显著高于中等体力活动的(p=0.027)。中等体力活动学生的血红蛋白浓度最低,且显著低于低体力活动学生。
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引用次数: 1
Comparative Analysis of Anthropometric Parameters as Obesity Indicators for 7-8 Years-old Children of Different Resident Status 7-8岁不同户籍儿童肥胖指标的人体测量参数比较分析
Pub Date : 2020-01-10 DOI: 10.26773/jaspe.200107
Milica Mitrović, Katarina Dragutinović
The purpose of this study was determine obesity of 7-8 years-old children in the urban (Podgorica) and rural area (Zupa) of Montenegro and determine whether there is a statistically significant difference in obesity among them. The sample of respondents consisted of 85 children 7-8 years-old from Podgorica (urban) and Zupa Niksic (rural) divided into 4 sub-samples according to the criterium of gender and place of residence. Each respondent was calculated BMI and WHR, which were shown numerically and percentally, and the differences were determined using the t-test for small independent samples. The results of the study showed that there are statistically significant differences in overweight and obesity among children of both genders from Podgorica (urban) and Zupa (rural), where the children from Podgorica had significantly higher percentage of children from Zupa. We concluded that childrens from rural area are less obese than children in urban area. The reason for this should be found in the fact that childrens in rural area are more physically activity and healthier foods, which are the main reason for preventing obesity.
本研究的目的是确定黑山城市(波德戈里察)和农村(祖帕)7-8岁儿童的肥胖情况,并确定他们之间的肥胖是否存在统计学上的显著差异。调查对象为85名来自波德戈里察(城市)和祖帕尼克西奇(农村)的7-8岁儿童,按性别和居住地标准分为4个子样本。每个被调查者计算BMI和WHR,以数字和百分比显示,并使用小独立样本的t检验确定差异。研究结果表明,波德戈里察(城市)和祖帕(农村)的男女儿童在超重和肥胖方面存在统计学上的显著差异,其中波德戈里察儿童的比例明显高于祖帕儿童。我们得出结论,农村地区的儿童比城市地区的儿童更少肥胖。究其原因,农村地区的儿童有更多的体育活动和更健康的食物,这是预防肥胖的主要原因。
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引用次数: 3
Differences in Anthropometric Characteristics between Athletes of Different Orientation, Handball and Volleyball 不同定向、手球和排球运动员的人体测量特征差异
Pub Date : 2019-10-11 DOI: 10.26773/jaspe.191008
M. Vukotic, G. Georgiev, Ss. Cyril
Uvod Sport je fizička aktivnost, izvedena u okviru javno određenih pravila i običaja, koja se najčešće bavi takmičenjem, ali služi i za druge namjene: razonodu, razvijanje karakteristika, očuvanje zdravlja ili kombinaciju ovih elemenata (Bjelica, 2002). Najšire gledano, pod sportom se podrazumijeva specifična ljudska aktivnost koja ima za cilj sportski rezultat (Bjelica, 2006a). Smatra se da je jedan od osnovnih motiva koji pokreće ljude da se bave sportom upravo težnja za usavršavanjem i mjerenjem svojih sposobnosti i karakteristika, koje se mogu razvijati pod uticajem trenažnog procesa (Bjelica, 2005). Zadovoljenje sportskih potreba i interesa značajno je sa aspekta zdravlja, svestranog razvoja ličnosti sportiste, podizanja radne sposobnosti do nivoa sportske forme, te sposobnosti za učešće u sistemu takmičenja (Bjelica, 2006b). Sport u savremenim uslovima života predstavlja složen sistem različitih aktivnosti i oblika organizovanja kroz koje se ispoljavaju brojne i različite potrebe i interesi sportista (Bjelica, 2013; Popovic, 2017; Vukotic, Corluka, Vasiljevic, i Bubanja, 2018). Pošto je poznato da rezultat koji postižu sportisti u velikoj mjeri zavisi od morfoloških karakteristika (Masanovic, 2018; Masanovic, 2019; Vukasevic, Vukotic, i Masanovic, 2018; Vukotic i Georgiev, 2019a), bolje upoznavanje morfoloških karakteristika i konstitucije sportista ima za cilj: upravljanje ovim svojstvima i prilagođavanje sportskog treninga individualnim sposobnostima (Masanovic, Vukotic, Popovic, i Bjelica, 2018; Masanović, Vukotic, i Vukasevic, 2018; Vukotic i Georgiev, 2019b). Rukomet i odbojka, kao sportske igre, zahtijevaju različite prethodno navedene dimenzije, a takođe i procese sportskog treninga i obučavanja (Vukotic, 2011; Masanovic, Milosevic, i Corluka, 2018; Masanovic, Corluka, i Milosevic, 2018; Vukotic, 2018). Jedan od neophodnih uslova za postizanje uspeha u Abstract
引入体育是在公共规则和习俗框架内进行的一项体育活动,这在比赛中最为常见,但也有其他目的:多样性、特征发展、健康或这些要素的结合(White,2002)。体育运动最常见的方面是特定的人类体育活动(White,2006)。人们认为,人们从事体育运动的基本动机之一是难以提高和衡量自己的能力和特征,这可以在当前过程的影响下发展起来(White,2005)。满足体育需求和兴趣对健康、运动员的国外发展、将就业技能提高到体育水平以及参与能力都很重要(White,2006b)。现代生活中的体育是一个由不同活动和组织形式组成的复杂系统,运动员通过它来满足不同的需求和兴趣(Belica,2013;波波维奇,2017;Vucotics、Corluka、Vasiljevic和Bubanja,2018)。由于众所周知,运动员取得的成绩在很大程度上取决于形态特征(Masanovic,2018;Masanovic,2019;Vukasevic、Vukotic和Masanowic,2018年;Vukotic和Georgiev,2019),关于运动员的形态特征和体质的最佳知识是管理这些特性,并使运动训练适应个人技能(Masanovic、Vukotic、Popovic和Belica,2018;Masanowic、Vukotic和Vukasevic,2018;Vukotic和Georgiev,2019b)。Rucomet和体育运动,如体育比赛,需要上文提到的不同维度,以及体育训练和训练过程(Vukotic,2011;Masanovic、Milosevic和Corluka,2018;Masanowic、Corluka和Milosevic,2018;Vukotic2018)。摘要成功的必要条件之一
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引用次数: 0
Scientific Artical of the Lecturers from the Faculty for Sport and Physical Education in Niksic Published in the Journal Sport Mont between 2016 and 2018: A Content Analysis 尼基奇体育学院讲师2016年至2018年发表在《体育月刊》上的科学论文:内容分析
Pub Date : 2019-10-11 DOI: 10.26773/jaspe.191009
B. Banjević
Uvod Crnogorska sportska akademija je osnovana 2003. godine, kada je pokrenut i naučni časopis Sport Mont. Ovaj naučni časopis ima dugogodišnju tradiciju, koja baštini visoke standarde i norme stručnog, naučnog, moralnog i etičkog digniteta. Prepoznatljiv u okruženju, regionalno i mnogo šire, Sport Mont predstavlja značajnu naučnu bazu, u kojoj se mogu naći radovi eminentnih stručnjaka iz oblasti sportskih nauka, medicine i fizičkog vaspitanja. Zapravo, on pokriva veliki broj naučnih disciplina čiji su izvori saznanja od posebnog značaja za razumijevanje brojnih kinezioloških fenomena. To se prije svega odnosi na biomehaniku, fiziologiju, kineziterapiju, fizikalnu terapiju, traumatologiju sportskih povreda, trenažnu tehnologiju, antropologiju sporta, pedagogiju-sociologiju i psihologiju sporta, sportski menadžment i sve ostale aspekte vježbanja, zdravlja i sporta. Časopis je indeksiran u 23 međunarodne naučne baze podataka, od kojih je Scopus najprestižnija. Izlazi tri puta godišnje i radovi koji su objavljeni u njemu su većinom predstavljeni na naučnoj konferenciji Crnogorske sportske akademije, koja se tradicionalno održava svake godine. Pored originalnih naučnih radova, Sport Mont objavljuje pregledne radove, uvodnike, kratke izvještaje, nagrade radova u oblasti sportskih nauka i medicine i funkcioniše kao otvoreni forum za diskusiju o značajnim aktuelnim pitanjima. Ovaj časopis obezbjeđuje transparentnost i dostupnost naučnim radnicima širom svjetskih meridijana. Stoga, on pruža online otvoren pristup, brzo objavljivanje, mišljenje stručnjaka i istraživača, post publikacijske alate za pokazivanje kvaliteta i učinka, zajednicu zasnovanu na zajedničkom jeziku članaka i svjetsku medijsku pokrivenost. Abstract
黑山体育学院成立于2003年。这本科学杂志有着悠久的传统,提倡高标准和科学、科学、道德和伦理尊严。运动山是体育科学、医学和物理领域的一个重要科学基地。事实上,它涵盖了大量的科学学科,这些学科是理解中国许多现象的特别重要的知识来源。首先,这适用于生物力学、生理学、动力学、物理治疗、运动创伤、训练技术、运动人类学、教育学、社会学和运动心理学、运动管理以及运动、健康和体育的所有其他方面。该时钟被编入23个国际科学数据库的索引,Scopus是最负盛名的数据库。黑山体育学院传统上每年举行一次科学会议,每年三次,并在会上发表论文。除了原创科学作品外,Sport Mont还出版作品评论、大会、简短报告、体育科学和医学奖项,并作为重要主题讨论的开放论坛。该杂志为世界各地的科学工作者提供了透明度和可用性。Stoga,在pruža在线otvoren pristup上,brzo objavljivanje,mišljenje stručnjaka i istraživača,post publikacijske alate za pokazivanje kvaliteta i učinka,zajednicu zasnovanu na zajedničkom jezikučlanaka i svjetsku medijku pokrivenost。摘要
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Anthropology of Sport and Physical Education
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