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Response of phase-I MBBS students to anatomy teaching with three-dimensional models of the pelvic girdle 一期MBBS学生对骨盆带三维模型解剖教学的反应
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_54_23
Baneswar Baro, Ritu Saloi, B. Bora, G. Rabha
Background: Anatomical knowledge is an integral component of medical education. As there is little consensus over the best teaching methods, teachers may use a variety of teaching aids to help students understand a particular topic. Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of the study were to evaluate the impact of three-dimensional (3D) models as a teaching tool for the pelvis. Subjects and Methods: We conducted a study among 100 phase 1 MBBS students at a tertiary medical college to assess their level of understanding of pelvic anatomy from a teaching perspective. 3D models were constructed and used as teaching tools. Participants were evaluated using a Likert scale and knowledge-based tests, such as multiple-choice questions and identification questions. Results: The results showed that the teaching tool used significantly (P < 0.05) improved the understanding of the topic, and most of the students strongly agreed that the teaching was informative (71.4%) and interesting (73.7%). A total of 76.4% of students agreed that they could easily take notes. All students (100%) agreed that the teaching tool used was clear, audible, understandable, well organized, advancing their understanding of the subject, and helpful for revision and memory retention. Conclusions: The results suggest that using physical 3D models as a teaching tool improve the overall understanding of the pelvic region. However, further studies are required to assess the long-term impact of the 3D model as a teaching tool.
背景:解剖学知识是医学教育不可或缺的组成部分。由于对最佳教学方法几乎没有达成共识,教师可以使用各种教具来帮助学生理解特定的主题。目的和目的:本研究的目的和目的是评估三维(3D)模型作为骨盆教学工具的影响。受试者和方法:我们在一所高等医学院的100名MBBS一期学生中进行了一项研究,从教学角度评估他们对骨盆解剖的理解水平。构建了三维模型并将其用作教学工具。参与者使用Likert量表和基于知识的测试进行评估,如多项选择题和识别题。结果:教学工具的使用显著提高了对主题的理解(P<0.05),大多数学生强烈认为教学内容丰富(71.4%)和有趣(73.7%)。共有76.4%的学生同意他们可以轻松地记笔记。所有学生(100%)都认为所使用的教学工具清晰、可听、可理解、组织良好,有助于提高他们对该学科的理解,并有助于复习和记忆。结论:研究结果表明,使用物理三维模型作为教学工具可以提高对骨盆区域的整体理解。然而,还需要进一步的研究来评估3D模型作为教学工具的长期影响。
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引用次数: 0
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in patients with heart disease 心脏病患者对新冠肺炎疫苗的犹豫
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_208_22
R. Selvaraj, K. Yazhini
Introduction: COVID-19-infected people with preexisting comorbidities show high mortality. Vaccine hesitancy among this high-risk group was assessed through this study. We aimed to determine the proportion of patients with heart disease showing hesitancy to COVID-19 vaccination and to identify the factors contributing to hesitancy. Subjects and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including patients older than 18 years with any form of heart disease. Patients who had severe disease while at rest were excluded from the study. Patients attending the cardiology outpatient department were recruited if they met the inclusion criteria. Consenting patients were interviewed with a standard questionnaire. The proportion of hesitant patients was calculated. The importance of each of the causes contributing to hesitancy and methods used to overcome hesitancy were expressed as percentages. Results: The proportion of patients who were hesitant to vaccination was 69.1%. The main reason for hesitancy was “fear of danger in patients with heart disease when vaccinated.” Conclusions: COVID vaccine hesitancy is high in patients with heart disease. Targeting vaccine-hesitant groups with measures that are considered effective by the concerned population can help overcome vaccine hesitancy.
导言:先前存在合并症的covid -19感染者死亡率高。本研究评估了这一高危人群的疫苗犹豫。我们的目的是确定对COVID-19疫苗接种有犹豫的心脏病患者的比例,并确定导致犹豫的因素。对象和方法:这是一项横断面研究,包括18岁以上患有任何形式心脏病的患者。在休息时患有严重疾病的患者被排除在研究之外。符合纳入标准的心脏病门诊患者被纳入研究。采用标准问卷对同意的患者进行访谈。计算犹豫患者的比例。每一种导致犹豫的原因的重要性和用来克服犹豫的方法都以百分比表示。结果:对疫苗接种犹豫不决的比例为69.1%。犹豫的主要原因是“担心接种疫苗后心脏病患者会有危险”。结论:心脏病患者COVID - 19疫苗犹豫率较高。针对疫苗犹豫群体采取相关人群认为有效的措施,有助于克服疫苗犹豫。
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引用次数: 0
The application of automated cell population data for early diagnosis of dengue fever 自动细胞群数据在登革热早期诊断中的应用
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_21_23
P. Rajeswaran, P. Kumar, Karthikeyan Shanmugam
Background: Dengue fever is a common tropical illness caused by an arbovirus. A complete blood count is one of the standard investigations performed on a febrile patient. The automated hematology analyzer utilizes the principle of volume (V), conductivity (C), and scatter (S) to generate total and differential leukocyte counts. The present study analyzed the utility of volume, conductivity, and scatter (VCS) parameters in the early diagnosis of dengue. Subjects and Methods: In this study, 700 blood samples were analyzed in the Beckman Coulter LH 780 analyzer. Their total, differential leukocyte counts, lymphocyte, and monocyte VCS parameters were collected. Demographic and clinical details of the patients were retrieved, and statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS statistics, version 23.0. Results: Among the 700 cases, 271 (38.7%) had viral illnesses and 429 (61.3%) were patients who had diagnoses of nonviral causes. Of 271 viral illnesses, 168 (62%) cases had dengue. There were statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in total and differential leukocyte counts and VCS parameters of lymphocytes and monocytes in dengue and nondengue viral causes when compared with nonviral causes. For the diagnosis of dengue, mean lymphocyte volume at a cutoff value of above 77 achieved a sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 61% and mean monocyte volume above 145 had a sensitivity and specificity of 62% and 59%, respectively. Conclusion: This study showed changes in VCS parameters of lymphocytes and monocytes, which can be utilized for the early diagnosis of dengue. They can be used, without incurring additional costs, to generate flags to prompt specific testing independent of clinical suspicion.
背景:登革热是一种常见的由虫媒病毒引起的热带疾病。全血细胞计数是对发热病人进行的标准检查之一。自动血液学分析仪利用体积(V),电导率(C)和散射(S)的原理来生成白细胞总数和差异计数。本研究分析了体积、电导率和散射(VCS)参数在登革热早期诊断中的应用。研究对象和方法:在本研究中,700份血液样本在Beckman Coulter LH 780分析仪中进行分析。收集他们的白细胞总数、差异计数、淋巴细胞和单核细胞VCS参数。检索患者的人口学和临床详细信息,并使用IBM SPSS statistics, version 23.0进行统计分析。结果:700例患者中,病毒性疾病271例(38.7%),非病毒性疾病429例(61.3%)。271例病毒性疾病中,168例(62%)为登革热。登革和非登革病毒病因与非病毒病因的总白细胞计数、差异白细胞计数、淋巴细胞和单核细胞VCS参数比较,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。对于登革热的诊断,平均淋巴细胞体积在临界值大于77时的敏感性为60%,特异性为61%,平均单核细胞体积大于145时的敏感性和特异性分别为62%和59%。结论:本研究显示淋巴细胞和单核细胞VCS参数的变化,可用于登革热的早期诊断。它们可以在不产生额外费用的情况下用于产生标志,以提示独立于临床怀疑的特定检测。
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引用次数: 0
A comparative study of conventional cold dissection and coblation method of tonsillectomy 传统冷剥离法与消融法扁桃体切除术的比较研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/2349-4220.370129
Nevil Varghese, Jyolsna Nelson, Andrews C Joseph, A. Menon, R. Antony
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引用次数: 0
Perioperative blood management: Current transfusion practices and challenges 围手术期血液管理:当前输血实践和挑战
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_113_23
S. Vinayagam, S. Dhanger
Perioperative blood management is a crucial aspect of the care of any surgical patient. A multidisciplinary approach involving anesthesiologists, surgeons, and transfusion specialists is needed for the safe transfusion practice. It should span the entire perioperative period from preoperative evaluation until discharge from the hospital. Even though the current practice of blood management is supported by scientific research and evidence-based knowledge, many challenges still need to be addressed. Planning about blood management should start from the patient's first visit to the hospital through careful assessment and optimal preparation, including preoperative anemia management, which is found to reduce the transfusion need in the intraoperative period. It is also possible to avoid allogeneic blood transfusions by taking stringent measures to minimize intraoperative blood loss and implementing blood conservation strategies. Every institution must have a protocol for initiating and managing massive transfusions in surgical patients. Implementing a patient blood management program in every hospital can significantly contribute to accomplishing this objective. The judicious use of blood products during the perioperative phase can be ensured by establishing a blood transfusion committee, developing institutional policies, conducting routine audits, and organizing frequent training sessions.
围手术期血液管理是任何外科患者护理的一个重要方面。安全输血需要麻醉师、外科医生和输血专家参与的多学科方法。它应该涵盖从术前评估到出院的整个围手术期。尽管目前的血液管理实践得到了科学研究和循证知识的支持,但仍有许多挑战需要解决。血液管理的规划应从患者第一次就诊开始,经过仔细评估和最佳准备,包括术前贫血管理,这可以减少术中的输血需求。通过采取严格措施尽量减少术中失血和实施血液保护策略,也可以避免异基因输血。每个机构都必须有一个方案来启动和管理外科患者的大量输血。在每家医院实施患者血液管理计划可以为实现这一目标做出重大贡献。通过建立输血委员会、制定机构政策、进行常规审计和组织频繁的培训课程,可以确保在围手术期明智地使用血液制品。
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引用次数: 0
Balancing evidence-based medicine: Weighing the pros and cons of randomized controlled trials and big data science 平衡循证医学:权衡随机对照试验和大数据科学的利弊
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_159_23
V. Menon, V. Kate
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引用次数: 0
Monochromatic excimer light in south indian patients (Skin type IV, V, and VI) with palmoplantar psoriasis: A case series 南印度掌跖银屑病患者(皮肤类型IV、V和VI)的单色准分子光:一系列病例
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_257_22
S. Mohanan, D. Thappa
Monochromatic excimer light (MEL) is available in India, although there is not much data on Indian patients. MEL was offered to 10 Indian patients with palmoplantar psoriasis and a response was noted. The mean percentage fall in erythema, scaling, infiltration, and fissuring score among our patients was 62% (standard deviation [SD] 17.2%) in the mean of 10.4 sessions (SD: 4.1). Thus, MEL appears to be a promising treatment option for Indian patients.
单色准分子光(MEL)在印度是可用的,尽管没有太多关于印度患者的数据。向10名印度掌跖银屑病患者提供MEL,并观察到有反应。在平均10.4个疗程(SD:4.1)中,我们的患者红斑、结垢、浸润和裂开评分的平均下降百分比为62%(标准差[SD]17.2%)。因此,MEL似乎是印度患者的一个有前途的治疗选择。
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引用次数: 0
Prognostic utility of a modified pediatric index of mortality 3 score incorporating nutritional status: An observational study 结合营养状况的改良儿童死亡率指数3评分的预后效用:一项观察性研究
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_214_22
ZahidSayeed Iqbal, N. Parameswaran
{"title":"Prognostic utility of a modified pediatric index of mortality 3 score incorporating nutritional status: An observational study","authors":"ZahidSayeed Iqbal, N. Parameswaran","doi":"10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_214_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_214_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":32355,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70739428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association of clinicopathological features with DNA mismatch repair status among colorectal cancer patients presenting to a Tertiary Care Cancer Hospital 癌症三级医院大肠癌癌症患者的临床病理特征与DNA错配修复状态的相关性
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_243_20
G. Nair, V. Nair, U. Abraham
Background: About 12%–15% of sporadic colorectal cancers (CRCs) display a defect in the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) system resulting in microsatellite instability (MSI). Many authors have described certain clinicopathological predictors of MSI and confirmed with ancillary studies. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinicopathological features and their association with MMR deficiency (dMMR) among CRC patients. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed among patients presented with CRC. A predesigned proforma was used to document the particulars of the patient along with histological parameters to be assessed. Cases were analyzed for dMMR using MLH1 and MSH2 immunostains and categorized into dMMR and MMR-proficient. The association of clinicopathological features with MMR status was statistically analyzed. Results: Sixty-four CRC cases were analyzed in the study. Thirteen out of 64 cases showed dMMR. Most of the dMMR tumors were located in the right-sided colon (P < 0.001). Three patients with a family history of CRC exclusively had dMMR (P = 0.01). Mucinous (P = 0.04), signet ring cell differentiation (P = 0.04), and lack of dirty necrosis (P < 0.001) showed a significant difference between deficient and proficient MMR categories. Gender, mean tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes per hpf, Crohn's-like reaction, and tumor stage did not show any significant difference between the two categories. Conclusions: Clinicopathological features such as family history, tumor location, tumor size, histologic type, tumor differentiation, mucinous, signet ring cell component, and dirty necrosis are associated with MMR status in CRC.
背景:约12%-15%的散发性结直肠癌(CRC)显示DNA错配修复(MMR)系统缺陷,导致微卫星不稳定(MSI)。许多作者已经描述了MSI的某些临床病理预测因素,并通过辅助研究进行了证实。本研究的目的是确定CRC患者的临床病理特征及其与MMR缺乏症(dMMR)的关系。材料和方法:设计了一项针对CRC患者的横断面研究。预先设计的形式表用于记录患者的详细信息以及待评估的组织学参数。使用MLH1和MSH2免疫染色分析病例的dMMR,并将其分为dMMR和精通MMR。对临床病理特征与MMR状态的关系进行统计学分析。结果:本研究分析了64例CRC病例。64例中有13例出现dMMR。大多数dMMR肿瘤位于右侧结肠(P<0.001)。三名有CRC家族史的患者仅患有dMMR(P=0.01)。粘液性(P=0.04)、印戒细胞分化(P=0.05)和无脏坏死(P<001)显示MMR缺陷和熟练类别之间存在显著差异。性别、每hpf的平均肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞数、克罗恩反应和肿瘤分期在这两类之间没有显示出任何显著差异。结论:临床病理特征,如家族史、肿瘤位置、肿瘤大小、组织学类型、肿瘤分化、粘液、印戒细胞成分和脏性坏死,与CRC的MMR状态有关。
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引用次数: 0
Chronic pancreatitis associated with pancreatic stone impaction at the ampulla and subsequent gallbladder perforation 慢性胰腺炎伴壶腹胰石嵌塞及胆囊穿孔
Pub Date : 2022-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/ijamr.ijamr_15_22
O. Shaikh, U. Kumbhar, C. Vijayakumar, S. Chakkalakkoombil, N. Gaur
Obstructive jaundice due to pancreatic stone is very rare. We report a case of obstructive jaundice in a patient with chronic pancreatitis, occurring due to the pancreatic stone getting impacted at the ampulla and subsequently, leading to gallbladder perforation, without any dilatation of the biliary tree. This could be explained due to the lower insertion of the cystic duct. Such instances can be managed with percutaneous tube cholecystostomy, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, pancreatic stone extraction, and stenting of both the main pancreatic duct and the common bile duct.
梗阻性黄疸由胰腺结石引起是非常罕见的。我们报告一例慢性胰腺炎患者的梗阻性黄疸,由于胰石在壶腹受到影响,随后导致胆囊穿孔,而没有任何胆道扩张。这可能是由于囊管的下插入。这种情况可以通过经皮管胆囊造瘘术、内镜逆行胆管造影术、胰石取出术以及主胰管和胆总管支架置入术来治疗。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Advanced Medical and Health Research
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