Pub Date : 2021-12-13DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v6i3.8033
Somayeh Afshari, Soheila Damiri
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) publish annual reports on the world economic outlook. This study compared the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of different countries by these 2 institutions, before and after the Covid-19 pandemic. The countries were selected from the 6 regions of Africa, the Americas, the Eastern Mediterranean, Europe, Southeast Asia, and the Western Ocean. In order to be able to compare these countries, WB reports were selected as a model and then the corresponding economic data were extracted from the IMF.
{"title":"Comparison of Gross Domestic Product Forecasts before and after the Covid-19","authors":"Somayeh Afshari, Soheila Damiri","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v6i3.8033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v6i3.8033","url":null,"abstract":"The International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) publish annual reports on the world economic outlook. This study compared the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of different countries by these 2 institutions, before and after the Covid-19 pandemic. The countries were selected from the 6 regions of Africa, the Americas, the Eastern Mediterranean, Europe, Southeast Asia, and the Western Ocean. In order to be able to compare these countries, WB reports were selected as a model and then the corresponding economic data were extracted from the IMF.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122639915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Today, medical and health tourism is one of the most promising sectors in the tourism industry in the world, which has led the organizations involved ,and the countries interested in developing tourism ,to focus their attention on this aspect of the tourism industry and plan for it. Hence, the aim of this study was to design the marketing model of medical tourism using meta-synthesis method. Methods: The present study was designed as a meta-synthesis research in several stages for East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. Accordingly, after identifying the categories, concepts and marketing codes of medical tourism and evaluating its validity and reliability, the initial conceptual model of the research was formed. Out of 100 retrieved studies, 8 studies completely related to the purpose of the study were included in final analysis. In order to present the marketing model of medical tourism, the qualitative research method of meta-synthesis,s Sandlowski and Barroso (2006) was used. Results: The conceptual model in the present study consists of 5 dimensions, 10 components and 40 indicators which can show the marketing model of medical tourism. 5 main dimensions included; quality of medical and tourism services, price of medical and tourism services, development of tourism and medicine, medical and tourism facilities and equipment, and information and communication technology. Conclusion: The results of the research show that the dimensions, components and indicators extracted from the meta-synthesis method are approved by the panel of experts. The findings provide a new model and perspective on how to market medical tourism for the Iranian tourism industry, which will help managers, planners and policy makers of the healthcare system.
{"title":"Developing a Medical Tourism Marketing Model by a Meta-Synthesis Method","authors":"Alireza Pashaeifar, Mojtaba Ramezani, A. Janati, yaghoub alavi matin, Hossein Bodaghi Khajeh Noubar","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v6i3.8043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v6i3.8043","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Today, medical and health tourism is one of the most promising sectors in the tourism industry in the world, which has led the organizations involved ,and the countries interested in developing tourism ,to focus their attention on this aspect of the tourism industry and plan for it. Hence, the aim of this study was to design the marketing model of medical tourism using meta-synthesis method. \u0000Methods: The present study was designed as a meta-synthesis research in several stages for East Azerbaijan Province, Iran. Accordingly, after identifying the categories, concepts and marketing codes of medical tourism and evaluating its validity and reliability, the initial conceptual model of the research was formed. Out of 100 retrieved studies, 8 studies completely related to the purpose of the study were included in final analysis. In order to present the marketing model of medical tourism, the qualitative research method of meta-synthesis,s Sandlowski and Barroso (2006) was used. \u0000Results: The conceptual model in the present study consists of 5 dimensions, 10 components and 40 indicators which can show the marketing model of medical tourism. 5 main dimensions included; quality of medical and tourism services, price of medical and tourism services, development of tourism and medicine, medical and tourism facilities and equipment, and information and communication technology. \u0000Conclusion: The results of the research show that the dimensions, components and indicators extracted from the meta-synthesis method are approved by the panel of experts. The findings provide a new model and perspective on how to market medical tourism for the Iranian tourism industry, which will help managers, planners and policy makers of the healthcare system.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131200990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-14DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7180
Z. Ghasemi, F. Peiravian, M. Rahim, N. Yousefi
Background: The supply of medicines in every country is vital in any country, and access to appropriate medicines ensures the health of that community by preventingthe spread of smuggling. The present study aimed to evaluate the current policies of Iran to supply medicines through importation and examine the application of the ABC-VED (Always, Better, Control-Vital, Essential, Desirable) method in assisting policymakers in making decisions on the medicine importation. Method: The present research study was conducted in qualitative and quantitative phases. In the qualitative phase, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 13 health experts in the field of production and import of medicine and their "content analysis" was done using MaxQDA 18 software.In the quantitative phase, to determine the nature of imported drug items, the ABC-VED analysis matrix and the information available in the pharmaceutical statistics of 2019 were used. Then, the distribution of drugs in each of the matrix categories was determined. Result: In the qualitative phase of the study, experts pointed to the impact of restrictive policies on importation of medicines, reducing access to medicines, increasing smuggling, reducing innovation, weakening marketing, and reducing the quality and increasing price of domestically produced medicines. In the quantitative phase, it was found that AV category consists of 36, AE 145, AD 85, BV 31, BE 240, CV 126, CE 970, and CD 672 type of medicines using the ABC-VED matrix. Finally, 21.5 % of medicines were categorized in group I belonging to vital and expensive medicines, 7.2 % in group II that are essential medicnies with moderate prices, and finaly 1 % were categorized in group III which are desirable medicines with lower prices. Conclusion: According to the opinions of experts in the country pharmaceutical industry, Iran's policy on drug importations has always been contractionary. Although it has led to lower prices and increased patients' access to medicines, it made side effects on the pharmaceutical system. Thses side effects includ sectional medical shortages over time. Policymakers can restrict the import of expensive and small quantities of drugs and allocate more funds to the supply of vital drugs. The analyses used cannot be the criterion for decision alone and can only indicate drug priorities in budget shortages and must make decisions within a multi-criteria decision framework.
{"title":"Evaluation of Iran's pharmaceutical policies in the import of drugs and determining the nature of imported drugs using the ABC-VED Method","authors":"Z. Ghasemi, F. Peiravian, M. Rahim, N. Yousefi","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7180","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The supply of medicines in every country is vital in any country, and access to appropriate medicines ensures the health of that community by preventingthe spread of smuggling. The present study aimed to evaluate the current policies of Iran to supply medicines through importation and examine the application of the ABC-VED (Always, Better, Control-Vital, Essential, Desirable) method in assisting policymakers in making decisions on the medicine importation. \u0000Method: The present research study was conducted in qualitative and quantitative phases. In the qualitative phase, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 13 health experts in the field of production and import of medicine and their \"content analysis\" was done using MaxQDA 18 software.In the quantitative phase, to determine the nature of imported drug items, the ABC-VED analysis matrix and the information available in the pharmaceutical statistics of 2019 were used. Then, the distribution of drugs in each of the matrix categories was determined. \u0000Result: In the qualitative phase of the study, experts pointed to the impact of restrictive policies on importation of medicines, reducing access to medicines, increasing smuggling, reducing innovation, weakening marketing, and reducing the quality and increasing price of domestically produced medicines. In the quantitative phase, it was found that AV category consists of 36, AE 145, AD 85, BV 31, BE 240, CV 126, CE 970, and CD 672 type of medicines using the ABC-VED matrix. Finally, 21.5 % of medicines were categorized in group I belonging to vital and expensive medicines, 7.2 % in group II that are essential medicnies with moderate prices, and finaly 1 % were categorized in group III which are desirable medicines with lower prices. \u0000Conclusion: According to the opinions of experts in the country pharmaceutical industry, Iran's policy on drug importations has always been contractionary. Although it has led to lower prices and increased patients' access to medicines, it made side effects on the pharmaceutical system. Thses side effects includ sectional medical shortages over time. Policymakers can restrict the import of expensive and small quantities of drugs and allocate more funds to the supply of vital drugs. The analyses used cannot be the criterion for decision alone and can only indicate drug priorities in budget shortages and must make decisions within a multi-criteria decision framework.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127425145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-14DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7175
M. Aghaei, M. Yunesian
Although the vaccination has begun in many countries around the world, experts declare that there is a long way to go in coronavirus battle, and it will take a long time for the vaccine to have a significant effect. Therefore many questions have arisen about “the necessity to keep taking health protocols” and “how long does it take for people to return to normal activities and reduce or even abandon health protocols after receiving the Covid-19 vaccine”. According to CDC (Centers for Disease Control and prevention) reports, significant immunity is expected to occur approximately 2 weeks after receiving the second dose of the vaccine, however getting the vaccine does not mean the end of public health and preventive measures, and all full vaccinated people need to keep taking all health protocols and precautions for the reasons discussed in this letter to editor.
{"title":"The Necessity to Keep Taking Health Protocols in People Receiving the Covid-19 Vaccine","authors":"M. Aghaei, M. Yunesian","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7175","url":null,"abstract":"Although the vaccination has begun in many countries around the world, experts declare that there is a long way to go in coronavirus battle, and it will take a long time for the vaccine to have a significant effect. Therefore many questions have arisen about “the necessity to keep taking health protocols” and “how long does it take for people to return to normal activities and reduce or even abandon health protocols after receiving the Covid-19 vaccine”. According to CDC (Centers for Disease Control and prevention) reports, significant immunity is expected to occur approximately 2 weeks after receiving the second dose of the vaccine, however getting the vaccine does not mean the end of public health and preventive measures, and all full vaccinated people need to keep taking all health protocols and precautions for the reasons discussed in this letter to editor.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125657513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-14DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7181
N. Tavakoli, M. Hosseini, R. Jahangiri, S. Sarkhosh, R. Shirani, Saeed BagheriFaradenbeh
Background: Admission and dispatch of patients is considered as part of the patient treatment process. The aim of this study was to investigate the status and income effects of admission and dispatch of patients in need of vascular surgery in hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2018-2019. Methods: The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional study in which a checklist was compiled and the required information about admission and dispatch of patients in Iran University of Medical Sciences was extracted from the MCMC (Medical Care Monitoring Center) system. In order to extract the income of services related to vascular surgery service from the average income of each patient file in need of this service, university hospitals were used. The sampling method was census and 14,481 patients admitted and dispatched were examined. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using Excel software. Results: The total number of registrations for dispatch of vascular surgery service was 605, 378 of which were successful. Of these, 145 were from hospitals affiliated to private hospitals and other hospitals affiliated to other medical universities, 233 were related to vascular surgery admissions, and 227 patients were related to failure to dispatch and death. The lost income due to dispatching patients is equal to 4,875,100,680 Rials. Also, the hospitals affiliated to the university have gained income equal to 7,833,782,472 Rials by admitting and not dispatching these patients. Conclusion: The findings showed that the lost income due to dispatching patients requiring vascular surgery is 4,875,100,680 Rials. Also, the earned income resulting from the existence of medical facilities in the field of the patients’ admission to the hospitals affiliated to the university is 7,833,782,472 Rials.
{"title":"Evaluation of Status and Income Effects of Admission and Referral of Patients in Need of Vascular Surgery Service in Hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences","authors":"N. Tavakoli, M. Hosseini, R. Jahangiri, S. Sarkhosh, R. Shirani, Saeed BagheriFaradenbeh","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7181","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Admission and dispatch of patients is considered as part of the patient treatment process. The aim of this study was to investigate the status and income effects of admission and dispatch of patients in need of vascular surgery in hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2018-2019. \u0000Methods: The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional study in which a checklist was compiled and the required information about admission and dispatch of patients in Iran University of Medical Sciences was extracted from the MCMC (Medical Care Monitoring Center) system. In order to extract the income of services related to vascular surgery service from the average income of each patient file in need of this service, university hospitals were used. The sampling method was census and 14,481 patients admitted and dispatched were examined. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics using Excel software. \u0000Results: The total number of registrations for dispatch of vascular surgery service was 605, 378 of which were successful. Of these, 145 were from hospitals affiliated to private hospitals and other hospitals affiliated to other medical universities, 233 were related to vascular surgery admissions, and 227 patients were related to failure to dispatch and death. The lost income due to dispatching patients is equal to 4,875,100,680 Rials. Also, the hospitals affiliated to the university have gained income equal to 7,833,782,472 Rials by admitting and not dispatching these patients. \u0000Conclusion: The findings showed that the lost income due to dispatching patients requiring vascular surgery is 4,875,100,680 Rials. Also, the earned income resulting from the existence of medical facilities in the field of the patients’ admission to the hospitals affiliated to the university is 7,833,782,472 Rials. ","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127353525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-14DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7179
R. Sadeghian
Background: The tools to control COVID-19 virus and this epidemic have been tested in all countries and at different levels. At the community level, they include observing hygienic principles, such as observing social distance, wearing masks, washing hands, observing cleanliness, observing personal belongings, and etc. Also at the macro level, governments have taken measures to combat the virus, such as closing cities, purchasing vaccines hygiene training. Given the high costs of closing cities and purchasing vaccines for governments, they may be willing to select and use a combination of them to control the virus. Considering these 2 factors as 2 competitors in the effectiveness of COVID-19 control, this study sought to find an equilibrium point to control the virus. Methods: An infinite 2-player game was defined by considering the number of cities closed per person-day and the number of vaccine purchased per person, both of which have continuous and infinite space. On the other hand, a significant basic criterion for governments can be the cost and number of patients with the disease. Hence, the game was defined based on 2 criteria. A case study was also solved for the sake of clarity. Results: The government must close offices for at least 12 days and inject 2 doses of the vaccine to about 28 million people in order to achieve its goal of reducing costs and reducing the incidence of the disease. Conclusion: By solving the proposed model, it was found that for the initial control of the disease, the purchase and injection of vaccines can be more effective, but in order to further reduce and control the disease, it is better to close jobs. Analyses also showed that governments that are less willing to spend money on disease control could close jobs.
{"title":"Government's Policy on Controlling the Covid-19 Virus Based on the Game Theory Approach: Closing Jobs or Purchasing Vaccines","authors":"R. Sadeghian","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7179","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The tools to control COVID-19 virus and this epidemic have been tested in all countries and at different levels. At the community level, they include observing hygienic principles, such as observing social distance, wearing masks, washing hands, observing cleanliness, observing personal belongings, and etc. Also at the macro level, governments have taken measures to combat the virus, such as closing cities, purchasing vaccines hygiene training. Given the high costs of closing cities and purchasing vaccines for governments, they may be willing to select and use a combination of them to control the virus. Considering these 2 factors as 2 competitors in the effectiveness of COVID-19 control, this study sought to find an equilibrium point to control the virus. \u0000Methods: An infinite 2-player game was defined by considering the number of cities closed per person-day and the number of vaccine purchased per person, both of which have continuous and infinite space. On the other hand, a significant basic criterion for governments can be the cost and number of patients with the disease. Hence, the game was defined based on 2 criteria. A case study was also solved for the sake of clarity. \u0000Results: The government must close offices for at least 12 days and inject 2 doses of the vaccine to about 28 million people in order to achieve its goal of reducing costs and reducing the incidence of the disease. \u0000Conclusion: By solving the proposed model, it was found that for the initial control of the disease, the purchase and injection of vaccines can be more effective, but in order to further reduce and control the disease, it is better to close jobs. Analyses also showed that governments that are less willing to spend money on disease control could close jobs.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132349699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-14DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7182
P. Bastani, Atefeh Golriz, R. Ravangard, Z. Kavosi, R. Rezaee, V. Keshtkaran, M. Bahrami
Introduction: Curriculum revision based on stakeholders' needs assessment is one of the essential and continuous functions of educational systems. The aim of this study was to assess the educational needs of BSc degree of healthcare management from the perspective of students. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. 40 undergraduate students of healthcare management participated in the study. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed in a pilot study. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and SPSS 20 software. Results: 64.1 % of the participants had chosen their field of study without or with little prior familiarity. More than 60 % of them had chosen the field solely to take advantages of their degree. Only 22.5 % of the participants had high and very high satisfaction with studying in the field of healthcare management. However, 65 % of them assessed the entrepreneurial ability of the graduates of this field as moderate and above. The majority of respondents considered field training useful in meeting job needs and agreed with the current method of conducting field training courses. The educational content required for undergraduate degree of healthcare management was identified and classified into 18 categories. Conclusion: Findings showed that current curriculum of the BSc degree of healthcare management needs to be revised and improved.
{"title":"Educational Need Assessment of Bsc Degree of Healthcare Management Based on the Iran’s National Medical Education Evolution and Innovation Plan","authors":"P. Bastani, Atefeh Golriz, R. Ravangard, Z. Kavosi, R. Rezaee, V. Keshtkaran, M. Bahrami","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7182","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Curriculum revision based on stakeholders' needs assessment is one of the essential and continuous functions of educational systems. The aim of this study was to assess the educational needs of BSc degree of healthcare management from the perspective of students. \u0000Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. 40 undergraduate students of healthcare management participated in the study. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed in a pilot study. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and SPSS 20 software. \u0000Results: 64.1 % of the participants had chosen their field of study without or with little prior familiarity. More than 60 % of them had chosen the field solely to take advantages of their degree. Only 22.5 % of the participants had high and very high satisfaction with studying in the field of healthcare management. However, 65 % of them assessed the entrepreneurial ability of the graduates of this field as moderate and above. The majority of respondents considered field training useful in meeting job needs and agreed with the current method of conducting field training courses. The educational content required for undergraduate degree of healthcare management was identified and classified into 18 categories. \u0000Conclusion: Findings showed that current curriculum of the BSc degree of healthcare management needs to be revised and improved.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124558680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-14DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7177
M. Amirkhani, Shohreh Ghorbanshiroudi, Mohammad Reza Zarbakhsh Bahri, Seyed Ahmad Seyed Alinaghei
Background: HIV patients are exposed to many psychological problems, including psychological inflexibility. It seems that psychological interventions can be effective to improve the psychological state of these patients. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of interventions with 2 methods of Compassion-Focused Therapy (CFT) and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program on psychological flexibility of HIV patients in Imam Khomeini Hospital. Methods: The present study was a descriptive-analytical study that was performed as an intervention in the period from May to January in 2020 on 54 HIV patients referred to Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) center of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex. The samples of the study mode were selected by available sampling and randomly divided in 3 groups of 18 people based on CFT, MBSR session and the control group. Each treatment was presented to 2 experimental groups for 10 sessions per week and the control group was placed on a waiting lists. Patients' psychological flexibility was assessed by the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire- II "AAQ-II" in 3 stages: pre-test, post-test and follow-up. SPSS 23 software and analysis of covariance, bonferoni test and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that CFT and MBSR were effective on increasing psychological flexibility of HIV patients (p < 0.01). Comparison of the effectiveness of the 2 therapies showed that CFT caused a further increase on increasing psychological flexibility (p < 0.01). Changes in follow-up 3 months after treatment also remained stable (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Findings of the study show that the use of therapies in this study can be effective in planning psychological interventions to promote and improve mental health in HIV patients.
{"title":"A Comparison of Effectiveness of Compassion-Focused Therapy (CFT) and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) on Psychological Flexibility of HIV Patients in Imam Khomeini Hospital","authors":"M. Amirkhani, Shohreh Ghorbanshiroudi, Mohammad Reza Zarbakhsh Bahri, Seyed Ahmad Seyed Alinaghei","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7177","url":null,"abstract":"Background: HIV patients are exposed to many psychological problems, including psychological inflexibility. It seems that psychological interventions can be effective to improve the psychological state of these patients. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of interventions with 2 methods of Compassion-Focused Therapy (CFT) and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program on psychological flexibility of HIV patients in Imam Khomeini Hospital. \u0000Methods: The present study was a descriptive-analytical study that was performed as an intervention in the period from May to January in 2020 on 54 HIV patients referred to Voluntary Counseling and Testing (VCT) center of Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex. The samples of the study mode were selected by available sampling and randomly divided in 3 groups of 18 people based on CFT, MBSR session and the control group. Each treatment was presented to 2 experimental groups for 10 sessions per week and the control group was placed on a waiting lists. Patients' psychological flexibility was assessed by the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire- II \"AAQ-II\" in 3 stages: pre-test, post-test and follow-up. SPSS 23 software and analysis of covariance, bonferoni test and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. \u0000Results: The results showed that CFT and MBSR were effective on increasing psychological flexibility of HIV patients (p < 0.01). Comparison of the effectiveness of the 2 therapies showed that CFT caused a further increase on increasing psychological flexibility (p < 0.01). Changes in follow-up 3 months after treatment also remained stable (p < 0.01). \u0000Conclusion: Findings of the study show that the use of therapies in this study can be effective in planning psychological interventions to promote and improve mental health in HIV patients.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133420432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-14DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7176
Marziyeh Azadiyan, A. Vosoogh Moghaddam, Ali farhadi mahalli
Background: Good governance in the last two decades attracted the attention of scientific and international circles around the world. It is a type of governance that is committed to supporting and promoting human health. In order to achieve good governance, components have been identified that knowledge of the weight and importance of each component is undoubtedly necessary to achieve the desired results in the policy-making of the Iranian health system. Methods: This research is descriptive-survey in terms of goal setting and methodology. The multi-stage stratification and availability method was used for sampling and the theoretical saturation rule was used to determine the sample size. In order to define and explain the concept of components of good governance and health policy-making, the library method and review of reference sources were used. 100 survey managers and experts in the Ministry of Health and Golestan, Mazandaran and Neishabour Universities of Medical Sciences were interviewed using a survey method and using a checklist tool (researcher-made (pairwise comparisons)). To analyze the data, Chang's improved fuzzy AHP method and Expert choice software were used. Results: Among the components of good governance (for the policy-making process of the Iranian health system), the rule of law included the most important component. After the rule of law, consensus and agreement, transparency, accountability, justice and fairness, effectiveness and efficiency and ethics were in the next ranks. Conclusion: Good governance is a new narrative of concepts such as democracy, human rights and justice to pursue people-centered human development goals. The rankings obtained from the analyses of this research indicate the need to pay more attention to the rule of law in the health policy-making cycle. It is suggested that in designing the health sector of the seventh economic, social and cultural development plan, executive strategies are paid attention to strengthening the components of good governance, respectively.
{"title":"Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process )AHP( of Good Governance Components for Health System Policy-Making in the Islamic Republic of Iran","authors":"Marziyeh Azadiyan, A. Vosoogh Moghaddam, Ali farhadi mahalli","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7176","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Good governance in the last two decades attracted the attention of scientific and international circles around the world. It is a type of governance that is committed to supporting and promoting human health. In order to achieve good governance, components have been identified that knowledge of the weight and importance of each component is undoubtedly necessary to achieve the desired results in the policy-making of the Iranian health system. \u0000Methods: This research is descriptive-survey in terms of goal setting and methodology. The multi-stage stratification and availability method was used for sampling and the theoretical saturation rule was used to determine the sample size. In order to define and explain the concept of components of good governance and health policy-making, the library method and review of reference sources were used. 100 survey managers and experts in the Ministry of Health and Golestan, Mazandaran and Neishabour Universities of Medical Sciences were interviewed using a survey method and using a checklist tool (researcher-made (pairwise comparisons)). To analyze the data, Chang's improved fuzzy AHP method and Expert choice software were used. \u0000Results: Among the components of good governance (for the policy-making process of the Iranian health system), the rule of law included the most important component. After the rule of law, consensus and agreement, transparency, accountability, justice and fairness, effectiveness and efficiency and ethics were in the next ranks. \u0000Conclusion: Good governance is a new narrative of concepts such as democracy, human rights and justice to pursue people-centered human development goals. The rankings obtained from the analyses of this research indicate the need to pay more attention to the rule of law in the health policy-making cycle. It is suggested that in designing the health sector of the seventh economic, social and cultural development plan, executive strategies are paid attention to strengthening the components of good governance, respectively.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130177404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-10DOI: 10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7174
Reza Goudarzi, Khalil Kalavani
The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic go beyond public health, affecting not only the physical health of individuals, but also the economies of families, governments, health centers, and the insurance industry. By rising unemployment or declining incomes, many people are forced out of health insurance. In fact, COVID-19 has had a devastating effect on the health economics of families and communities. These changes can be examined in 4 main areas of health, including community, hospitals, insurances, and family households. The present article dealt with the long- and short-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given that a large number of the threats posed by the disease can be investigated, it is necessary that policy makers take immediate actions to prevent disastrous outcomes and develop stricter health economics regulations on insurance and care prices.
{"title":"The Economic Impact of COVID-19 on Various Areas of Health","authors":"Reza Goudarzi, Khalil Kalavani","doi":"10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/mshsj.v6i2.7174","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic go beyond public health, affecting not only the physical health of individuals, but also the economies of families, governments, health centers, and the insurance industry. By rising unemployment or declining incomes, many people are forced out of health insurance. In fact, COVID-19 has had a devastating effect on the health economics of families and communities. These changes can be examined in 4 main areas of health, including community, hospitals, insurances, and family households. The present article dealt with the long- and short-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given that a large number of the threats posed by the disease can be investigated, it is necessary that policy makers take immediate actions to prevent disastrous outcomes and develop stricter health economics regulations on insurance and care prices.","PeriodicalId":324632,"journal":{"name":"Quarterly Journal of Management Strategies in Health System","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127052954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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