Hydrogels are a class of dimensional hydrophylic polymer networks capable of absorbing and retaining large amounts of water. Natural and synthetic components can serve as a material for the hydrogel production. Hydrogels have unique physico-chemical properties, which are determined by the material composition and concentration, its density, crosslinking methods, and production approaches. This review article describes natural materials used for the production of hydrogels having different properties. The natural components of hydrogels are collagen, elastin, gelatin, chitosan, dextran, hyaluronic acid, alginate, silk fibroin and glycosaminoglycans. These components are considered biodegradable and biocompatible, since they do not have a toxic effect on tissues. Natural materials provide good cell adhesion, the spread of bioactive signals as well as they affect the behavior of cells in vitro and in vivo. To obtain hydrogels, physical and chemical methods of crosslinking are used, which determine the properties of the final product. Also, hydrogels can be further modified by various active molecules, growth factors that increase their biological functionality. To date, hydrogels made of natural materials are widely used in ophthalmology, neurosurgery, in the treatment of skin wounds, in various cardiovascular pathologies, in restoring the volume of circulating blood, some cartilage defects, targeted delivery of pharmacological drugs, active molecules, etc. Thus, hydrogels produced from natural components are an extremely promising material for cellular technologies and tissue engineering.
{"title":"Natural components as the structure of hydrogels for cellular therapy and tissue engineering","authors":"N. Dremina, I. Trukhan, I. Shurygina","doi":"10.29413/abs.2023-8.5.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2023-8.5.3","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogels are a class of dimensional hydrophylic polymer networks capable of absorbing and retaining large amounts of water. Natural and synthetic components can serve as a material for the hydrogel production. Hydrogels have unique physico-chemical properties, which are determined by the material composition and concentration, its density, crosslinking methods, and production approaches. This review article describes natural materials used for the production of hydrogels having different properties. The natural components of hydrogels are collagen, elastin, gelatin, chitosan, dextran, hyaluronic acid, alginate, silk fibroin and glycosaminoglycans. These components are considered biodegradable and biocompatible, since they do not have a toxic effect on tissues. Natural materials provide good cell adhesion, the spread of bioactive signals as well as they affect the behavior of cells in vitro and in vivo. To obtain hydrogels, physical and chemical methods of crosslinking are used, which determine the properties of the final product. Also, hydrogels can be further modified by various active molecules, growth factors that increase their biological functionality. To date, hydrogels made of natural materials are widely used in ophthalmology, neurosurgery, in the treatment of skin wounds, in various cardiovascular pathologies, in restoring the volume of circulating blood, some cartilage defects, targeted delivery of pharmacological drugs, active molecules, etc. Thus, hydrogels produced from natural components are an extremely promising material for cellular technologies and tissue engineering.","PeriodicalId":32463,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"295 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139012296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.24
I. V. Bibik, E. Yu. Bibik, A. A. Pankov, K. A. Frolov, V. V. Dotsenko, S. G. Krivokolysko
Background . α-сyanothioacetamide derivatives are promising targets for the search for effective and safe antinociceptive agents with antipyretic and antiexudative activity. The aim . To conduct in vivo experimental study of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of new thienopyridines and 1,4-dihydropyridines derivatives. Materials and methods . The synthesized cyanothioacetamide derivatives were subjected to virtual bioscreening using Swiss Target Prediction online service. 140 laboratory rats were randomly distributed into intact and control (dextran edema) groups, reference groups (acetylsalicylic acid and nimesulide) and ten experimental groups for the investigated derivatives of thieno[2,3-b]pyridine and 1,4-dihydropyridine. The anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds at a dose of 5 mg/kg was evaluated by modeling acute dextran edema of rat paw. Determination of analgesic activity was carried out in the hotplate analgesic assay on 130 rats in comparison with sodium metamizole. Results . 1,4-dihydropyridines AZ331 and AZ420, as well as thienopyridine derivative AZ023 were determined to have strong anti-inflammatory activity (2.5 times more effective than nimesulide and 2.2 times more effective than acetylsalicylic acid). Compounds AZ023, AZ331 and AZ383 showed pronounced analgesic activity. The time of stay on the heated plate for rats of experimental groups that were fed with AZ331 and AZ383 for prophylactic purpose was respectively 9.56 and 9.93 times more than the same index in the reference group. The animals receiving AZ023 were characterized by an increase in the latent reaction time up to 241.2 seconds, which is 14.53 times higher than that in the rats received sodium metamizole. Conclusion . New thienopyridine and 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives with high antiinflammatory and analgesic activity were synthesized and studied; they were recognized as promising targets for further preclinical studies.
{"title":"Study of anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties of new derivatives of condensed 3-aminothieno[2,3-b]pyridines and 1,4-dihydropyridines","authors":"I. V. Bibik, E. Yu. Bibik, A. A. Pankov, K. A. Frolov, V. V. Dotsenko, S. G. Krivokolysko","doi":"10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.24","url":null,"abstract":"Background . α-сyanothioacetamide derivatives are promising targets for the search for effective and safe antinociceptive agents with antipyretic and antiexudative activity. The aim . To conduct in vivo experimental study of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of new thienopyridines and 1,4-dihydropyridines derivatives. Materials and methods . The synthesized cyanothioacetamide derivatives were subjected to virtual bioscreening using Swiss Target Prediction online service. 140 laboratory rats were randomly distributed into intact and control (dextran edema) groups, reference groups (acetylsalicylic acid and nimesulide) and ten experimental groups for the investigated derivatives of thieno[2,3-b]pyridine and 1,4-dihydropyridine. The anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds at a dose of 5 mg/kg was evaluated by modeling acute dextran edema of rat paw. Determination of analgesic activity was carried out in the hotplate analgesic assay on 130 rats in comparison with sodium metamizole. Results . 1,4-dihydropyridines AZ331 and AZ420, as well as thienopyridine derivative AZ023 were determined to have strong anti-inflammatory activity (2.5 times more effective than nimesulide and 2.2 times more effective than acetylsalicylic acid). Compounds AZ023, AZ331 and AZ383 showed pronounced analgesic activity. The time of stay on the heated plate for rats of experimental groups that were fed with AZ331 and AZ383 for prophylactic purpose was respectively 9.56 and 9.93 times more than the same index in the reference group. The animals receiving AZ023 were characterized by an increase in the latent reaction time up to 241.2 seconds, which is 14.53 times higher than that in the rats received sodium metamizole. Conclusion . New thienopyridine and 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives with high antiinflammatory and analgesic activity were synthesized and studied; they were recognized as promising targets for further preclinical studies.","PeriodicalId":32463,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.23
V. P. Maltsev, A. A. Govorukhina, O. A. Malkov
Studying not only individual students indicators of students, but complex intersystem interactions that reflect the specifics of adaptive capabilities is of scientific interest. The aim of the study . To reveal the features of intersystem interactions of indicators of the blood vessels functional state, morphological and neurodynamic characteristics of students with different types of autonomic regulation, living in the KhantyMansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra. Methods . 429 first–fourth-year students (348 girls, 80 boys) of the Surgut State Pedagogical University were examined. The initial type of autonomic regulation was determined by the average duration of electrocardiogram RR intervals. Anthropometry parameters (body length and weight) and body composition were assessed using Tanita BC-601 device (Tanita, Japan), vascular wall elasticity – using AngioScan-01 (AngioScan-Electronics Ltd, Russia), neurodynamic indicators – using NS-PsychoTest device (Neurosoft, Russia). Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistica 7.0 software (StatSoft Inc., USA). We used the nonparametric Mann – Whitney U-test to evaluate differences and the nonparametric Pearson R-test to analyze correlations. Results . An increase in the stiffness of the vascular wall of large and small arteries in girls is accompanied by an increase in parasympathetic activity. In young men, an increase in the stiffness of large arteries raises with an increase in sympathoadrenal activity, while a compensatory increase in the stiffness of small muscular arteries is noted with an increase in parasympathetic activity. In persons with the sympathicotonic type of autonomic regulation, an excess content of fat mass, an increased frequency of visceral obesity, and a deficiency in water content were registered. With the predominance of the parasympathetic component contribution to the regulation of cardiac rhythm, an increase in the processes of inhibition in the central nervous system was noted. In young men, reduced sensorimotor reactions are consistent with sympathetic activation in the regulation of heart rate. Correlation analysis made it possible to establish some features in the interaction of the vascular, morphological and central nervous systems. Conclusion . Differences in indicators of functional systems (physical development, blood flow, neurodynamic characteristics) in the examined groups of students are shown, taking into account gender and autonomic regulation type. Features of intersystem interactions of indicators of physiological systems of students’ bodies with different types of autonomic regulation were revealed.
{"title":"Intersystem interactions of physiological system indicators in students with different types of autonomic regulation","authors":"V. P. Maltsev, A. A. Govorukhina, O. A. Malkov","doi":"10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.23","url":null,"abstract":"Studying not only individual students indicators of students, but complex intersystem interactions that reflect the specifics of adaptive capabilities is of scientific interest. The aim of the study . To reveal the features of intersystem interactions of indicators of the blood vessels functional state, morphological and neurodynamic characteristics of students with different types of autonomic regulation, living in the KhantyMansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra. Methods . 429 first–fourth-year students (348 girls, 80 boys) of the Surgut State Pedagogical University were examined. The initial type of autonomic regulation was determined by the average duration of electrocardiogram RR intervals. Anthropometry parameters (body length and weight) and body composition were assessed using Tanita BC-601 device (Tanita, Japan), vascular wall elasticity – using AngioScan-01 (AngioScan-Electronics Ltd, Russia), neurodynamic indicators – using NS-PsychoTest device (Neurosoft, Russia). Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistica 7.0 software (StatSoft Inc., USA). We used the nonparametric Mann – Whitney U-test to evaluate differences and the nonparametric Pearson R-test to analyze correlations. Results . An increase in the stiffness of the vascular wall of large and small arteries in girls is accompanied by an increase in parasympathetic activity. In young men, an increase in the stiffness of large arteries raises with an increase in sympathoadrenal activity, while a compensatory increase in the stiffness of small muscular arteries is noted with an increase in parasympathetic activity. In persons with the sympathicotonic type of autonomic regulation, an excess content of fat mass, an increased frequency of visceral obesity, and a deficiency in water content were registered. With the predominance of the parasympathetic component contribution to the regulation of cardiac rhythm, an increase in the processes of inhibition in the central nervous system was noted. In young men, reduced sensorimotor reactions are consistent with sympathetic activation in the regulation of heart rate. Correlation analysis made it possible to establish some features in the interaction of the vascular, morphological and central nervous systems. Conclusion . Differences in indicators of functional systems (physical development, blood flow, neurodynamic characteristics) in the examined groups of students are shown, taking into account gender and autonomic regulation type. Features of intersystem interactions of indicators of physiological systems of students’ bodies with different types of autonomic regulation were revealed.","PeriodicalId":32463,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.25
D. D. Morikov, V. V. Kartashova, A. V. Shelekhov, N. A. Nikolaeva
In recent years, information on the increase in the incidence of infection associated with Clostridioides difficile (CDI) has appeared in the literature. It is known that C. difficile which causes pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) most often affects debilitated patients who receive treatment for the main pathology for a long time. That is why PMC is most common in cancer patients receiving long-term and aggressive anticancer treatment, which is often accompanied by the use of several courses of antibiotics. The result of the irrational use of antibiotics, incorrect PMC therapy may be the formation of toxic megacolon, intestinal perforation, sepsis, which in turn is fraught with a fatal outcome. It is this state of affairs that aroused our interest in the study of this topic. The steady increase in the incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection makes it particularly relevant to study CDI problem in relation to cancer patients, since they most often have a wide range of risk factors for developing clostridial infection. The article presents an overview of domestic and foreign sources describing this pathology, discusses epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture and current understanding of the CDI treatment. At the end of the review, we present a case of successful treatment of pseudomembranous colitis after stoma closure, which was complicated by the development of toxic megacolon. Colproctectomy was performed as part of the complex treatment of this pathology. The patient received respiratory, renal replacement, hepatoprotective, antibiotic and antifungal therapy and other treatments.
{"title":"Pseudomembranous colitis complicated by toxic megacolon in oncological patients","authors":"D. D. Morikov, V. V. Kartashova, A. V. Shelekhov, N. A. Nikolaeva","doi":"10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.25","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, information on the increase in the incidence of infection associated with Clostridioides difficile (CDI) has appeared in the literature. It is known that C. difficile which causes pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) most often affects debilitated patients who receive treatment for the main pathology for a long time. That is why PMC is most common in cancer patients receiving long-term and aggressive anticancer treatment, which is often accompanied by the use of several courses of antibiotics. The result of the irrational use of antibiotics, incorrect PMC therapy may be the formation of toxic megacolon, intestinal perforation, sepsis, which in turn is fraught with a fatal outcome. It is this state of affairs that aroused our interest in the study of this topic. The steady increase in the incidence of Clostridioides difficile infection makes it particularly relevant to study CDI problem in relation to cancer patients, since they most often have a wide range of risk factors for developing clostridial infection. The article presents an overview of domestic and foreign sources describing this pathology, discusses epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture and current understanding of the CDI treatment. At the end of the review, we present a case of successful treatment of pseudomembranous colitis after stoma closure, which was complicated by the development of toxic megacolon. Colproctectomy was performed as part of the complex treatment of this pathology. The patient received respiratory, renal replacement, hepatoprotective, antibiotic and antifungal therapy and other treatments.","PeriodicalId":32463,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.26
T. I. Dergacheva, S. V. Michurina, I. Yu. Ishchenko, E. V. Starkova
Metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus are characterized by the accumulation of toxic metabolic products in the internal environment of the organism. The development of innovative medicines based on a sorbent matrix modified with biologically active molecules remains relevant. The sorbent composition from aluminum oxide and polydimethylsiloxane is considered promising. The aim of the study . To investigate the effect of the sorbent composition from aluminum oxide and polydimethylsiloxane on the uterus and ovaries of db/db mice with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods . The sorbent composition (0.665 g/kg in 200 μl of distilled water) was administered to 14-week-old animals through an intragastric tube once a day for 7 days. The comparison groups were female rats injected with placebo (daily intragastrical administration of 200 µl of water for 7 days) and intact animals. Digital images of light-optical preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin were processed using Image-Pro Plus 4.1 software. In the ovaries, the numerical density of primordial, primary, secondary follicles and corpus luteum was determined. The width of the uterus layers, the diameters of the blood and lymphatic vessels, the width of the interstitial fissures in both organs were measured. The statistical significance of differences was determined using the Mann – Whitney test. Results . In the myometrium and endometrium of the uterus of db/db mice, dilatation of arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels and edema were noted due to the accumulation of tissue fluid in the interstitium layers. There were no tertiary follicles in the ovaries. The introduction of the sorbent composition contributed to a decrease in the diameters of arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels of the uterus, a decrease in edema in both organs due to the narrowing of the prelymphatic slits, and stimulated an increase in the numerical density of secondary follicles. Conclusion . A corrective effect of the sorbent composition of aluminum oxide and polydimethylsiloxane on prelymphatic slits, blood and lymphatic vessels in the uterus and ovaries in db/db mice with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus was revealed.
代谢综合征、肥胖、2型糖尿病的特点是有毒代谢产物在机体内环境中积累。基于生物活性分子修饰的吸附剂基质的创新药物的开发仍然是相关的。由氧化铝和聚二甲基硅氧烷组成的吸附剂被认为是有前途的。研究的目的。目的:探讨氧化铝和聚二甲基硅氧烷吸附剂对肥胖2型糖尿病db/db小鼠子宫和卵巢的影响。材料和方法。以200 μl蒸馏水中0.665 g/kg的吸附剂组合物通过灌胃给药，每天1次，连用7 d。对照组为雌性大鼠注射安慰剂(每天灌胃200µl水，连续7天)和完整动物。采用Image-Pro Plus 4.1软件对苏木精和伊红染色的光学制剂进行数字图像处理。测定卵巢内原始、初级、次级卵泡和黄体的数量密度。测量子宫各层的宽度、血液和淋巴管的直径、两个器官间质裂隙的宽度。采用Mann - Whitney检验确定差异的统计学意义。结果。在db/db小鼠的子宫肌层和子宫内膜中，由于组织液积聚在间质层中，可见动脉、静脉、淋巴管扩张和水肿。卵巢未见第三卵泡。吸收剂成分的引入减少了子宫动脉、静脉和淋巴管的直径，减少了两个器官因淋巴前裂隙缩小而造成的水肿，并刺激了次级卵泡数值密度的增加。结论。研究了氧化铝和聚二甲基硅氧烷对肥胖和2型糖尿病db/db小鼠子宫和卵巢淋巴前裂隙、血液和淋巴管的矫正作用。
{"title":"Effect of a sorbent composition based on aluminum oxide and polydimethylsiloxane on the reproductive system of <i>db/db</i> female mice with genetically determined obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"T. I. Dergacheva, S. V. Michurina, I. Yu. Ishchenko, E. V. Starkova","doi":"10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.26","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus are characterized by the accumulation of toxic metabolic products in the internal environment of the organism. The development of innovative medicines based on a sorbent matrix modified with biologically active molecules remains relevant. The sorbent composition from aluminum oxide and polydimethylsiloxane is considered promising. The aim of the study . To investigate the effect of the sorbent composition from aluminum oxide and polydimethylsiloxane on the uterus and ovaries of db/db mice with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods . The sorbent composition (0.665 g/kg in 200 μl of distilled water) was administered to 14-week-old animals through an intragastric tube once a day for 7 days. The comparison groups were female rats injected with placebo (daily intragastrical administration of 200 µl of water for 7 days) and intact animals. Digital images of light-optical preparations stained with hematoxylin and eosin were processed using Image-Pro Plus 4.1 software. In the ovaries, the numerical density of primordial, primary, secondary follicles and corpus luteum was determined. The width of the uterus layers, the diameters of the blood and lymphatic vessels, the width of the interstitial fissures in both organs were measured. The statistical significance of differences was determined using the Mann – Whitney test. Results . In the myometrium and endometrium of the uterus of db/db mice, dilatation of arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels and edema were noted due to the accumulation of tissue fluid in the interstitium layers. There were no tertiary follicles in the ovaries. The introduction of the sorbent composition contributed to a decrease in the diameters of arteries, veins, lymphatic vessels of the uterus, a decrease in edema in both organs due to the narrowing of the prelymphatic slits, and stimulated an increase in the numerical density of secondary follicles. Conclusion . A corrective effect of the sorbent composition of aluminum oxide and polydimethylsiloxane on prelymphatic slits, blood and lymphatic vessels in the uterus and ovaries in db/db mice with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus was revealed.","PeriodicalId":32463,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135347271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.22
M. V. Sinitsyn, N. A. Pozdeyeva
Background . Many patients after penetrating keratoplasty (PK) experience induced postkeratoplastic astigmatism, which is often irregular and causes an increase in corneal aberrations that reduce visual acuity and quality. The aim of the study . To conduct a comparative analysis of the effect of rigid gas permeable scleral lenses and the MyoRing implantation method on clinical and functional parameters in patients with IPA. Material and methods . The clinical study included 60 patients (60 eyes). The age of patients with IPA was from 25 to 42 years. All patients underwent penetrating keratoplasty. All patients were divided into two groups depending on the method for irregular postkeratoplastic astigmatism correction. Group I included 30 patients (30 eyes) who were fitted with rigid gas permeable scleral lenses. Group II consisted of 30 patients (30 eyes) who underwent implantation of the MyoRing into a penetrating corneal graft. The observation period was 1 year. Results . After 12 months of observation, there was a greater increase in uncorrected visual acuity by an average of 3 lines, in corrected visual acuity – by 2 lines; a greater decrease in corneal aberrations in photo- (root mean square (RMS) of total aberrations (RMS total) by 0.30 ± 0.08 µm, RMS of higher order aberrations (RMS HOA) – by 1.01 ± 0.24 μm) and mesopic conditions (RMS total – by 0.33 ± 0.09 μm, RMS HOA – by 0.08 ± 0.03 μm) in patients wearing rigid gas permeable scleral lenses compared with patients after MyoRing implantation into a penetrating corneal graft. Conclusion . Patients of group I, wearing rigid gas permeable scleral lenses, showed a greater improvement in visual acuity and a decrease in corneal aberrations in photo- and mesopic conditions compared to the patients of group II (after MyoRing implantation) at a follow-up period of 12 months.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of the correction of irregular postkeratoplastic astigmatism with scleral lenses and intrastromal ring implantation","authors":"M. V. Sinitsyn, N. A. Pozdeyeva","doi":"10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.22","url":null,"abstract":"Background . Many patients after penetrating keratoplasty (PK) experience induced postkeratoplastic astigmatism, which is often irregular and causes an increase in corneal aberrations that reduce visual acuity and quality. The aim of the study . To conduct a comparative analysis of the effect of rigid gas permeable scleral lenses and the MyoRing implantation method on clinical and functional parameters in patients with IPA. Material and methods . The clinical study included 60 patients (60 eyes). The age of patients with IPA was from 25 to 42 years. All patients underwent penetrating keratoplasty. All patients were divided into two groups depending on the method for irregular postkeratoplastic astigmatism correction. Group I included 30 patients (30 eyes) who were fitted with rigid gas permeable scleral lenses. Group II consisted of 30 patients (30 eyes) who underwent implantation of the MyoRing into a penetrating corneal graft. The observation period was 1 year. Results . After 12 months of observation, there was a greater increase in uncorrected visual acuity by an average of 3 lines, in corrected visual acuity – by 2 lines; a greater decrease in corneal aberrations in photo- (root mean square (RMS) of total aberrations (RMS total) by 0.30 ± 0.08 µm, RMS of higher order aberrations (RMS HOA) – by 1.01 ± 0.24 μm) and mesopic conditions (RMS total – by 0.33 ± 0.09 μm, RMS HOA – by 0.08 ± 0.03 μm) in patients wearing rigid gas permeable scleral lenses compared with patients after MyoRing implantation into a penetrating corneal graft. Conclusion . Patients of group I, wearing rigid gas permeable scleral lenses, showed a greater improvement in visual acuity and a decrease in corneal aberrations in photo- and mesopic conditions compared to the patients of group II (after MyoRing implantation) at a follow-up period of 12 months.","PeriodicalId":32463,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"440 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135482196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.21
K. Yu. Krasner, O. V. Poveshchenko, M. A. Surovtseva, A. N. Trunov, I. I. Kim, N. A. Bondarenko, V. V. Chernykh
The article presents a literature review of the modern concept of anatomical and physiological structure and functioning of the cornea. The strict morphological structure and corneal tissue homeostasis ensure its transparency. Studying the mechanisms that regulate the constancy of the corneal tissue internal environment allows us to get closer to understanding the prospects forregenerative therapy for the corneal stroma pathology. The article discusses in detail the role and functional potential of corneal stromal cells, which are capable of reverse cytologic differentiation, which primarily ensures the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and corneal transparency. The functional activity of corneal cells can change for a number of reasons, which may be exogenous, iatrogenic (trauma, infection, etc.) or endogenous. Endogenous causes include: cell autoregulation pathologies (for example, enzyme defects); defects in transport systems leading to tissue hypoxia; disorders of the neuro-humoral regulation of trophism. The physical reason forthe violation of the corneal transparency is an increase in the light scattering. The article presents five main causes of increased light scattering in the opaque cornea, and also provides an overview of the main substances – components and products of cellular synthesis of corneal stromal cells: cytokines and growth factors (complex of the signal molecule and the SDF1/CXCR4 receptor, insulin-like growth factor 1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, erythropoietin, neurotrophic factors, etc.). Thus, corneal opacity can be caused by a single pathogenic mechanism or be the result of a complex effect of several factors. The main processes of tissue homeostasis regulation are aimed at maintaining the unique morphological structure of the cornea.
{"title":"Modern anatomical and physiological bases for maintaining the transparency of the corneal stroma","authors":"K. Yu. Krasner, O. V. Poveshchenko, M. A. Surovtseva, A. N. Trunov, I. I. Kim, N. A. Bondarenko, V. V. Chernykh","doi":"10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.21","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a literature review of the modern concept of anatomical and physiological structure and functioning of the cornea. The strict morphological structure and corneal tissue homeostasis ensure its transparency. Studying the mechanisms that regulate the constancy of the corneal tissue internal environment allows us to get closer to understanding the prospects forregenerative therapy for the corneal stroma pathology. The article discusses in detail the role and functional potential of corneal stromal cells, which are capable of reverse cytologic differentiation, which primarily ensures the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and corneal transparency. The functional activity of corneal cells can change for a number of reasons, which may be exogenous, iatrogenic (trauma, infection, etc.) or endogenous. Endogenous causes include: cell autoregulation pathologies (for example, enzyme defects); defects in transport systems leading to tissue hypoxia; disorders of the neuro-humoral regulation of trophism. The physical reason forthe violation of the corneal transparency is an increase in the light scattering. The article presents five main causes of increased light scattering in the opaque cornea, and also provides an overview of the main substances – components and products of cellular synthesis of corneal stromal cells: cytokines and growth factors (complex of the signal molecule and the SDF1/CXCR4 receptor, insulin-like growth factor 1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, erythropoietin, neurotrophic factors, etc.). Thus, corneal opacity can be caused by a single pathogenic mechanism or be the result of a complex effect of several factors. The main processes of tissue homeostasis regulation are aimed at maintaining the unique morphological structure of the cornea.","PeriodicalId":32463,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135483235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.16
O. S. Gruzdeva, R. V. Gruzdev, I. A. Rylskiy, K. G. Shapovalov
Background . Cold injury is one of the most significant problems for the northern regions of the Russian Federation. Frostbite is defined as a complex of changes caused by the action of low temperatures, which lead to morphological changes in damaged tissue structures. As a result, the skin with underlying tissues and the intercellular matrix, the components of which are collagen fibers, are damaged, which eventually leads to remodeling and a protracted course of the wound process. Morphometric studies in combination with quantitative analysis of microphotographs (histological specimens) using GIS technologies make it possible to distinguish altered collagen fibers under the influence of low temperatures from relatively healthy tissues. The aim of the study . To assess the possibility of using computer analysis of microphotographs in a complex of morphometric studies of collagen fibers in local cold injury. Materials and methods . The study included 84 patients with III and IV degree frostbite of the lower extremities. Morphological study of tissues and microphotography were performed using Leica DM2500 microscope (Leica, Germany). The thickness of collagen fibers was measured based on visual measurements of characteristic areas of the microphotograph. Computer analysis of tissue microphotographs of the zone of cryoinjury was performed using the ArcINFO software (Esri, USA). Statistical processing of the study results was carried out using the SPSS Statistics software package (IBM Corp., USA). Graphs and diagrams were constructed using MS Office Excel (Microsoft Corp., USA). Results . With frostbite, severe tissue damage occurs, accompanied by the destructive processes of the extracellular matrix components. Low temperatures contribute to changes in the width and orientation of collagen fibers in the damaged area. In this regard, a change in the texture of the histological specimen image leads to achange in the numerical characteristics of the standard deviation of the curvature coefficient in the studied area of the microphotograph. Thus, in the late reactive period, the described complex of morphometric studies makes it possible to classify particular microphotograph as having pathological signs or as a sample of healthy tissue.
{"title":"Automated morphometric studies of collagen fibers as an auxiliary method for diagnosing cold injury","authors":"O. S. Gruzdeva, R. V. Gruzdev, I. A. Rylskiy, K. G. Shapovalov","doi":"10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.16","url":null,"abstract":"Background . Cold injury is one of the most significant problems for the northern regions of the Russian Federation. Frostbite is defined as a complex of changes caused by the action of low temperatures, which lead to morphological changes in damaged tissue structures. As a result, the skin with underlying tissues and the intercellular matrix, the components of which are collagen fibers, are damaged, which eventually leads to remodeling and a protracted course of the wound process. Morphometric studies in combination with quantitative analysis of microphotographs (histological specimens) using GIS technologies make it possible to distinguish altered collagen fibers under the influence of low temperatures from relatively healthy tissues. The aim of the study . To assess the possibility of using computer analysis of microphotographs in a complex of morphometric studies of collagen fibers in local cold injury. Materials and methods . The study included 84 patients with III and IV degree frostbite of the lower extremities. Morphological study of tissues and microphotography were performed using Leica DM2500 microscope (Leica, Germany). The thickness of collagen fibers was measured based on visual measurements of characteristic areas of the microphotograph. Computer analysis of tissue microphotographs of the zone of cryoinjury was performed using the ArcINFO software (Esri, USA). Statistical processing of the study results was carried out using the SPSS Statistics software package (IBM Corp., USA). Graphs and diagrams were constructed using MS Office Excel (Microsoft Corp., USA). Results . With frostbite, severe tissue damage occurs, accompanied by the destructive processes of the extracellular matrix components. Low temperatures contribute to changes in the width and orientation of collagen fibers in the damaged area. In this regard, a change in the texture of the histological specimen image leads to achange in the numerical characteristics of the standard deviation of the curvature coefficient in the studied area of the microphotograph. Thus, in the late reactive period, the described complex of morphometric studies makes it possible to classify particular microphotograph as having pathological signs or as a sample of healthy tissue.","PeriodicalId":32463,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135645947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.20
O. V. Pisarevskaya, A. G. Shchuko, Ye. P. Ivleva, L. S. Khlebnikova
The aim of the study . To develop a mathematical model of changes in corneal refraction during femtosecond laser-assisted lenticule extraction through a small surgical incision and, on this basis, to propose a technology for modified calculation of surgical parameters and to prove its effectiveness. Material and methods . The study included 191 patients with high myopia. They were divided into two groups: group 1 consisted of 55 patients who were had SMILE (SMall Incision Lenticule Extraction) surgery with standard calculations; group 2 included 136 patients who had SMILE surgery with a modified calculation of surgical parameters based on the developed mathematical model of the refractive effect of the surgery. Results . When assessing the refractive effect of patients who were operated using standard technology, it was found that it was possible to achieve a refraction different from emmetropia for ± 0.5 D only in 51 % of cases; in the remaining patients, the planned residual refractive effect was obtained and averaged –1.96 ± 0.29 D. In patients operated using the modified technology, a statistically significantly better refractive result was achieved already on the first day. A refractive error of more than ± 1.0 D was obtained in only 1 % of cases; a deviation from the calculated refraction of ± 0.5 D was achieved in 82 % of cases, with the average values by 1 year –0.24 ± 0.57 D. Conclusions . The developed technology of a modified calculation of the parameters of the SMILE surgery for high myopia correction makes it possible to obtain an optimal refractive effect in compliance with safety rules when the structural and functional parameters of the eye are initially unfavorable for refractive surgery.
{"title":"Mathematical modeling of the refractive effect of SMILE surgery in high degree myopia correction","authors":"O. V. Pisarevskaya, A. G. Shchuko, Ye. P. Ivleva, L. S. Khlebnikova","doi":"10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.20","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study . To develop a mathematical model of changes in corneal refraction during femtosecond laser-assisted lenticule extraction through a small surgical incision and, on this basis, to propose a technology for modified calculation of surgical parameters and to prove its effectiveness. Material and methods . The study included 191 patients with high myopia. They were divided into two groups: group 1 consisted of 55 patients who were had SMILE (SMall Incision Lenticule Extraction) surgery with standard calculations; group 2 included 136 patients who had SMILE surgery with a modified calculation of surgical parameters based on the developed mathematical model of the refractive effect of the surgery. Results . When assessing the refractive effect of patients who were operated using standard technology, it was found that it was possible to achieve a refraction different from emmetropia for ± 0.5 D only in 51 % of cases; in the remaining patients, the planned residual refractive effect was obtained and averaged –1.96 ± 0.29 D. In patients operated using the modified technology, a statistically significantly better refractive result was achieved already on the first day. A refractive error of more than ± 1.0 D was obtained in only 1 % of cases; a deviation from the calculated refraction of ± 0.5 D was achieved in 82 % of cases, with the average values by 1 year –0.24 ± 0.57 D. Conclusions . The developed technology of a modified calculation of the parameters of the SMILE surgery for high myopia correction makes it possible to obtain an optimal refractive effect in compliance with safety rules when the structural and functional parameters of the eye are initially unfavorable for refractive surgery.","PeriodicalId":32463,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135645674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-04DOI: 10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.17
V. M. Vdovin, E. V. Suzopov, I. I. Shakhmatov, I. P. Bobrov, D. A. Orekhov, A. Yu. Dolgatov, A. P. Momot
Background . In our previously published studies, we demonstrated a high hemostatic activity of a low dose of exogenous fibrin monomer during its systemic administration in a model of dosed liver injury with preliminary inhibition of platelet aggregation. However, the analysis of platelet involvement in the mechanisms of local fibrin formation has not been analyzed. The aim of the study . To conduct a comparative analysis of the cellular composition of venous and wound blood, as well as blood in the wound vessels to assess the contribution of platelets to the hemostatic effect of exogenously administered fibrin monomers in dosed liver injury under conditions of pharmacologically determined thrombocytopathy. Methods . In a model of dosed liver injury in rabbits after inhibition of platelet aggregation by acetylsalicylic acid in combination with clopidogrel, the effect of the administration of fibrin monomer was evaluated in comparison with the use of tranexamic acid. We studied the number of platelets in venous and wound blood smears, as well as in the contents of wound vessels. Results . It has been established that with the systemic administration of exogenous fibrin monomer, the number of platelets in wound blood smears decreases by 17.2 % in comparison with free circulating venous blood. Platelets in wound blood form aggregates and are in an activated state. In the wound vessels, the number of these cells was maximum (150 per lower field) compared with the number of platelets in the placebo and tranexamic acid groups (55 and 84 per lower field, respectively). Also in the wound blood, erythrocytes with altered forms (echinocytes, schistocytes, stomatocytes and ovalocytes) were found. Conclusion . Systemic administration of exogenous fibrin monomer affects the redistribution of platelets between the systemic circulation, wound vessels and wound blood, determining its hemostatic effect and local wound fibrin formation in dosed liver injury. The presence of receptor-mediated platelets recruitment due to fibrin monomer in the wound vessels with the participation of damaged erythrocytes is assumed.
{"title":"Morphological determinants for the local hemostatic effect of exogenous fibrin monomer in its systemic administration after injury with inhibition of platelet aggregation in the experiment","authors":"V. M. Vdovin, E. V. Suzopov, I. I. Shakhmatov, I. P. Bobrov, D. A. Orekhov, A. Yu. Dolgatov, A. P. Momot","doi":"10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29413/abs.2023-8.4.17","url":null,"abstract":"Background . In our previously published studies, we demonstrated a high hemostatic activity of a low dose of exogenous fibrin monomer during its systemic administration in a model of dosed liver injury with preliminary inhibition of platelet aggregation. However, the analysis of platelet involvement in the mechanisms of local fibrin formation has not been analyzed. The aim of the study . To conduct a comparative analysis of the cellular composition of venous and wound blood, as well as blood in the wound vessels to assess the contribution of platelets to the hemostatic effect of exogenously administered fibrin monomers in dosed liver injury under conditions of pharmacologically determined thrombocytopathy. Methods . In a model of dosed liver injury in rabbits after inhibition of platelet aggregation by acetylsalicylic acid in combination with clopidogrel, the effect of the administration of fibrin monomer was evaluated in comparison with the use of tranexamic acid. We studied the number of platelets in venous and wound blood smears, as well as in the contents of wound vessels. Results . It has been established that with the systemic administration of exogenous fibrin monomer, the number of platelets in wound blood smears decreases by 17.2 % in comparison with free circulating venous blood. Platelets in wound blood form aggregates and are in an activated state. In the wound vessels, the number of these cells was maximum (150 per lower field) compared with the number of platelets in the placebo and tranexamic acid groups (55 and 84 per lower field, respectively). Also in the wound blood, erythrocytes with altered forms (echinocytes, schistocytes, stomatocytes and ovalocytes) were found. Conclusion . Systemic administration of exogenous fibrin monomer affects the redistribution of platelets between the systemic circulation, wound vessels and wound blood, determining its hemostatic effect and local wound fibrin formation in dosed liver injury. The presence of receptor-mediated platelets recruitment due to fibrin monomer in the wound vessels with the participation of damaged erythrocytes is assumed.","PeriodicalId":32463,"journal":{"name":"Acta Biomedica Scientifica","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135645946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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