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Pravna regulativa usluga u nacionalnim zakonodavstvima i pravu Evropske Unije最新文献

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VRSTE FINANSIJSKIH USLUGA I ZAŠTITA KORISNIKA FINANSIJSKIH USLUGA
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.46793/xixmajsko.145p
Andrija Popović
Bearing in mind that the 21st century is the century of services and service law, it's not surprising to conclude that services are the main factor in the economic development of a certain society as a whole. It should be emphasized, on this occasion, that the service economy is more and more prevalent in real social relations and that it occupies an increasingly important place in the lives of all of us. The subject of the mentioned paper will be a review of some of the most important types of financial services provided to users of financial services, but, in addition, a special review will also be made of the mechanisms of legal protection of users of financial services.
考虑到21世纪是服务和服务法的世纪,得出服务是某个社会整体经济发展的主要因素的结论并不奇怪。在此应该强调的是,服务经济在现实社会关系中越来越普遍,它在我们所有人的生活中占有越来越重要的地位。上述文件的主题将是审查向金融服务用户提供的一些最重要类型的金融服务,但除此之外,还将特别审查对金融服务用户的法律保护机制。
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引用次数: 0
PRISTANAK DAVAOCA KAO USLOV DOPUSTIVOG UZIMANjA ORGANA SA UMRLOG LICA U SVRHU TRANSPLANTACIJE
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.46793/xixmajsko.573z
Dragica Živojinović
Harvesting the organs of the deceased is the primary source of procuring human organs adequate for transplantation. Therefore, the key issue that needs to be regulated in transplantation laws is the donor's consent for post-mortem harvesting of organs for the purpose of transplantation. In this paper, the author analyzes two dominant models of donor's consent in contemporary European legislation as a condition for permitted harvesting of the deceased person's organs – the model of express consent and the model of presumed consent, as well as the model of consent that has been adopted in Serbian law. The author's interest also revolves around other potential solutions: the mixed model, the system in which the harvesting of organs is justified by the necessity in emergency situations and the concept of mandatory choice. In this paper the author points to the advantages and weaknesses of each model and reviews how the regulations tackle the issue whether the lack of donor's consent for post-mortem harvesting of his organs can be replaced with the consent of family members. In the concluding remarks, the author presents the arguments why the models of express consent is a more acceptable option and argues that the choice of the donor's consent model is not crucial for increasing the number of organ donors, but rather the action coming from several levels aimed at raising the awarness of citizens of the significance of organ donation.
摘取死者的器官是获取适于移植的人体器官的主要来源。因此,在移植法律中需要规范的关键问题是,是否同意在死后摘取器官用于移植。在本文中,作者分析了当代欧洲立法中作为允许摘取死者器官的条件的捐献者同意的两种主要模式——明示同意模式和推定同意模式,以及塞尔维亚法律中采用的同意模式。作者的兴趣还围绕着其他可能的解决方案:混合模式,在紧急情况下摘取器官的必要性和强制性选择的概念是合理的。在本文中,作者指出了每种模式的优点和缺点,并回顾了条例如何解决是否可以用家庭成员的同意来取代缺乏捐赠者同意的死后摘取器官的问题。在结束语中,作者提出了为什么明确同意模式是一种更可接受的选择的论点,并认为捐赠者同意模式的选择对于增加器官捐赠者的数量并不重要,而是来自几个层面的行动,旨在提高公民对器官捐赠重要性的认识。
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引用次数: 0
MEDICINSKI I KRIVIČNOPRAVNI ASPEKT NEDOZVOLjENOG PREKIDA TRUDNOĆE
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.46793/xixmajsko.957s
Jelena Stanisavljević
In addition to other definitions, аbortion is a health service for terminating an unwanted pregnancy. In recent years, there are tendencies to change the existing legal solutions that regulate this area at the global and European levels. Namely, the Supreme Court of the United States of America overturned Roe v. Wade verdict and thereby repealed the 50-year-old constitutional right to abortion that was provided for in it. Certain European countries have also adopted new laws that make access to legal abortion much more difficult. In this paper, the author points to the latest changes concerning the legal regulation of abortion in the United States of America and Europe and then analyzes the medical and criminal aspects of the termination of pregnancy. Given that illegal termination of pregnancy is a blanket criminal offense, the author will first present the Law on Procedures for Termination of Pregnancy in a Health Institution, and then she will deal with the criminal offense of illegal termination of pregnancy. At the very end, the author will give concluding remarks on this topic.
除其他定义外,堕胎是一项终止意外怀孕的保健服务。近年来,出现了在全球和欧洲两级改变管理这一领域的现有法律解决办法的趋势。也就是说,美国最高法院推翻了罗伊诉韦德案的判决,从而废除了其中规定的长达50年的宪法堕胎权。某些欧洲国家还通过了新的法律,使获得合法堕胎更加困难。在本文中,提交人指出了美国和欧洲关于堕胎法律规定的最新变化,然后分析了终止妊娠的医疗和刑事方面的问题。鉴于非法终止妊娠是一种综合性刑事犯罪,提交人将首先提出《保健机构终止妊娠程序法》,然后她将处理非法终止妊娠的刑事犯罪。在文章的最后,笔者将对本课题进行总结。
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引用次数: 0
ZAŠTITA PRAVA INTELEKTUALNOG VLASNIŠTVA NASTALOG U OKVIRU RADNOG ODNOSA
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.46793/xixmajsko.503r
Dženana Radončić, Ivana Grubešić
The general rule for regulating the position of the worker in relation to the employer, in cases where the worker is the creator of a certain intellectual creation, provides that the right to intellectual property of the worker created within the framework of the employment relationship belongs to the employer, with certain time and content limitations. The scope of the rights acquired by the employer, the time at which the transfer of rights was carried out or other rules governing the ownership of the intellectual property of the employee may differ, considering the type of intellectual property in question, the special provisions of the employment contract that the parties agreed or special provisions provided by legal instruments. These specific situations will be the subject of consideration in the paper from the perspective of law of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with reference to comparative solutions.
在工人是某种智力创造的创造者的情况下,规范工人与雇主之间地位的一般规则规定,在雇佣关系框架内创造的工人的知识产权属于雇主,有一定的时间和内容限制。雇主获得的权利的范围、进行权利转让的时间或管理雇员知识产权所有权的其他规则可能因所涉知识产权的类型、双方商定的雇佣合同的特别条款或法律文书的特别条款而有所不同。本文件将从波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那法律的角度,参照比较的解决办法,审议这些具体情况。
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引用次数: 0
PRAVO RODITELjA DA OBRAZUJU DETE U KONTEKSTU USLUGA OBAVEZNOG OSNOVNOG OBRAZOVANjA
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.46793/xixmajsko.825v
Veljko Vlašković
Mass, compulsory and free primary education is one of the most important achievements of civilization, which is recognized in a whole series of international treaties on human rights. In this sense, the minimum core obligations of states is to provide every child with access to primary education within the framework of the right to education, as an expression of formal education and a key segment of the child's right to education in general. On the other hand, the parents or guardians of the child have the duty to educate the child. Parents are granted the autonomy to do so in accordance with their religious and moral convictions if they do not violate the rights of the child and the aims of education proclaimed in international human rights treaties. In this context, parents have the obligation to make primary education available to their children, while retaining the right to choose a public or appropriate private primary school in accordance with the law. In an effort to enable the application of the best interests of the child to each specific child, the legislation of Serbia in the domain of primary education also recognizes forms of schooling at home or at a distance, but only if the child has previously been enrolled in primary school. Parents cannot refuse to enroll a child in primary school, although the sanctions provided for such behavior are ineffective. In this way, parents could not decide to take over exclusively the provision of primary education services to the child, referring to their religious or philosophical convictions. In such cases, the Family Law of Serbia can offer a more adequate approach to solving the problem in the form of measures of corrective supervision over the exercise of parental rights and, ultimately, court decisions on protecting the child's right to education or depriving the parents of their duty to educate the child.
大规模、义务和免费的初等教育是文明最重要的成就之一,这在一系列国际人权条约中得到了承认。从这个意义上说,国家的最低核心义务是在受教育权的框架内为每个儿童提供接受初等教育的机会,这是正规教育的一种表现,也是儿童一般受教育权的一个关键部分。另一方面,孩子的父母或监护人有义务教育孩子。如果父母不违反儿童的权利和国际人权条约所宣布的教育目标,父母有权根据其宗教和道德信念这样做。在这方面,父母有义务为子女提供初等教育,同时保留依法选择公立或适当的私立小学的权利。为了使儿童的最大利益适用于每一个具体的儿童,塞尔维亚在初等教育领域的立法也承认家庭或远程教育的形式,但前提是儿童以前曾就读过小学。父母不能拒绝让孩子上小学,尽管对这种行为的制裁是无效的。这样,父母就不能根据他们的宗教或哲学信仰,决定完全接管向儿童提供初等教育服务。在这种情况下,塞尔维亚的《家庭法》可以提供一种更适当的办法来解决这一问题,其形式是对父母权利的行使采取纠正性监督措施,并最终由法院就保护儿童受教育的权利或剥夺父母教育儿童的义务作出裁决。
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引用次数: 0
THE DANGER OF MISCONCEPTION IN THE LATEST PRACTICE OF THE EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE 误解的危险在欧洲法院的最新实践
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.46793/xixmajsko.491s
Milica Šutova, Ksenija Paunović
The notion of similarity of trademarks and products has as much to do with the likelihood of confusion as a specific requirement for protection. In order to determine the danger of misconception, numerous circumstances should be taken into account, especially the known trademark on the market, the degree of similarity between the trademark and the sign, as well as between the products and services with which they are marked, and the relationship established between the new signs and the trademark. The authors analyze the decision of the European Court of Justice in case C-766/18, through Article 10 of the preamble of Directive 89/104 and Article 66 of Directive 207/2009 and through the prism of legal theoretical concepts they give their opinions and recommendation.
商标和产品相似的概念既与混淆的可能性有关,也与保护的具体要求有关。为了确定误解的危险,应该考虑许多情况,特别是市场上已知的商标,商标与标志之间的相似程度,以及它们所标记的产品和服务之间的相似程度,以及新标志与商标之间建立的关系。作者通过89/104号指令序言第10条和207/2009号指令第66条,通过法律理论概念的棱镜,分析了欧洲法院在C-766/18号案件中的决定,并给出了他们的意见和建议。
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引用次数: 0
OBAVEZA OBEZBEĐENjA JASNE IDENTIFIKACIJE OGLAŠIVAČA KOD INTERNET OGLAŠAVANjA 提供明确广告商标识的义务 广告互联网守则
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.46793/xixmajsko.427m
Maša Mišković
In this paper the author examines the sale of goods using electronic platforms, as well as the Internet advertising of users of such platforms. The operator of the electronic platform acts as a transmitter of advertising message in case of internet advertisements and is obliged, according to the Serbian Law on Advertising, to ensure clear identification of the advertiser (the person being advertised). The Law on Advertising does not specify the data, which provide a clear advertiser’s identification, but refers to the Law on Electronic Commerce, which states that these are different data, with the special emphasis on the user’s IP address. However, in certain situations, a mere IP address is not sufficient to consider that the operator of the electronic platform as the transmitter of the advertising message has fulfilled the legal obligation to ensure clear identification of the person being advertised. It is necessary to take into account whether that person is engaged in trade as a business activity, because in such a situation it is necessary for the electronic platform to collect and store the data that clearly identify that person as trader according to the Law on Trade.
在本文中,作者考察了使用电子平台的商品销售,以及这些平台的用户的互联网广告。电子平台的运营商在互联网广告中充当广告信息的发送者,根据《塞尔维亚广告法》,有义务确保清楚地识别广告客户(被广告的人)。《广告法》没有明确规定数据,这提供了明确的广告商身份,但参考了《电子商务法》,其中规定这些是不同的数据,特别强调了用户的IP地址。但是,在某些情况下,仅仅是IP地址不足以认为电子平台的经营者作为广告信息的发送者已经履行了确保明确识别被广告人的法律义务。有必要考虑该人是否从事贸易作为商业活动,因为在这种情况下,电子平台有必要根据《贸易法》收集和存储明确识别该人为交易者的数据。
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引用次数: 0
UTICAJ AKTUELNIH PRIVREDNIH I DRUŠTVENIH KRETANjA NA ZAŠTITU PUTNIKA U AVIO-SAOBRAĆAJU
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.46793/xixmajsko.103s
A. Sekulić
System of protection of air passenger implies a set of special and individual rights. Special rights from this set of rights are: right to information, right to care, right to reimbursement and re-routing, right to redress. In current level of protection of air passenger can influence economic and social movements. In that movements are mirrored the most significiant contemporary tendencies in air transport are pandemic of virus covid-19, global warming and insolvency of air transporter. Through this paper we will introduce contemporary tendencies in current level of protection of air passengers which is are caused by this risks. Aim of this paper would be analysis of current level of protection of air passenger through individual analysis of special rights of air passenger. Also, we will give a review on influence of contemporary tendencies on level of protection of air passengers.
航空旅客保护制度包含了一套特殊的、个人的权利。这一套权利中的特殊权利包括:知情权、护理权、报销权和改道权、补救权。在目前的保护水平下,航空乘客可以影响经济和社会流动。在这种情况下,航空运输中最重要的当代趋势是covid-19病毒大流行、全球变暖和航空运输公司破产。通过本文,我们将介绍当代的趋势,在目前的保护水平的航空乘客,这是由这种风险造成的。本文旨在通过对航空旅客特殊权利的个体分析,分析我国航空旅客保护的现状。此外,我们还将回顾当代趋势对航空旅客保护水平的影响。
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引用次数: 0
EKSPROPRIJACIJA KAO PREDUSLOV ZA PRUŽANjE USLUGA OD OPŠTEG INTERESA
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.46793/xixmajsko.269p
Nina Planojević
Due to the wide range of their beneficiaries and the fact that without them it is not possible for one social community to normally function and even exist, public interest services represent the most important type of services. One of the conditions for their uninterrupted delivery is also to ensure location for construction of objects and for their core activity, which is a difficult task especially in cities and densely inhabited places where there are not many free land lots. This turns into particularly large issue when delivery of these services requires one and specific type of immovable asset which is someone’s private ownership. The only solution for these situations, where there is a conflict of general and individual interest, is to apply expropriation institute which then becomes precondition for public interest services. Therefore, subject of this paper is elaboration of solutions for expropriation in the domestic law, through the analysis of the following segments of this institute: notion, subjects, types, development, functions and elements of expropriation (object, public interest, expropriation procedure and compensation). In the concluding part of the paper, the author summarises results of her analysis, indicating coherence between expropriation and public interest services.
由于公益服务的受惠者范围广泛,没有公益服务,一个社会就不可能正常运转,甚至不可能存在,因此公益服务是最重要的服务类型。它们不间断交付的条件之一,也是保证物体建设和核心活动的地点,这是一项艰巨的任务,特别是在城市和人口密集的地方,没有多少免费的土地。当这些服务的交付需要一种特定类型的不动产(即某人的私人所有权)时,这就变成了一个特别大的问题。在公共利益与个人利益发生冲突的情况下,唯一的解决办法是适用征收制度,征收制度成为公共利益服务的前提。因此,本文的主题是阐述征收的国内法解决方案,通过对该研究所征收的概念、主体、类型、发展、功能和要素(征收对象、公共利益、征收程序和补偿)的分析。在论文的最后部分,作者总结了她的分析结果,指出了征收与公共利益服务之间的一致性。
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引用次数: 0
MEDIJI – POJAM I VRSTE
Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.46793/xixmajsko.547k
Ružica Kijevčanin
The new challenges that modern life imposes on us require a good knowledge of information resources without which everyday life cannot be imagined. The media is a basic means of communication and a source of knowledge of various information. Familiarity with current events, but also enriching knowledge, are certainly ways of personality development, which is the first and necessary obligation of human nature towards the social community. The dynamics of life bring changes that concern all areas, and technological development has left the greatest impression on the field of media. That's why the author will try to define the media in the work, referring to the factual situation and needs, on the one hand, that is, to the normative regulation and legal order, on the other hand. The paper mentions the types or forms of media in order to complete the concept as much as possible and bring it closer to the readers. Mastering the concept and way of functioning of the media brings many benefits and conveniences, and above all reduces the risk and danger to which young people and children are most exposed, due to the networked and still unsettled space that technological development has brought with it.
现代生活给我们带来的新挑战需要良好的信息资源知识,没有这些知识,日常生活就无法想象。媒体是一种基本的传播手段,是各种信息的知识来源。熟悉时事,丰富知识,当然是人格发展的方式,这是人性对社会共同体的首要和必要的义务。生活的动态带来了涉及各个领域的变化,技术的发展给媒体领域留下了最大的印象。这就是为什么作者会在作品中尝试对媒体进行界定,一方面参照实际情况和需要,即参照规范规定和法律秩序,另一方面。本文提到媒体的类型或形式,是为了尽可能完善这个概念,使之更贴近读者。掌握媒体的概念和运作方式带来了许多好处和便利,最重要的是减少了年轻人和儿童最容易面临的风险和危险,这是由于技术发展带来的网络化和仍然不稳定的空间。
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引用次数: 0
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Pravna regulativa usluga u nacionalnim zakonodavstvima i pravu Evropske Unije
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