Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i2.70830
Dwi Joko Suroso, Farid Yuli Martin Adiyatma, Panarat Cherntanomwong
Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) sensing utilization has been widespread, especially for human behavior/activity recognition. It provides high flexibility since it does not require the person/object to carry any device known as device-free. This "passive" concept is also helpful for another application of Wi-Fi sensing, i.e., indoor localization. The "sensing" is conducted using particular parameters extracted from communication links of Wi-Fi devices, i.e., channel state information (CSI). This paper explores the recent trends in CSI-based indoor localization with Wi-Fi technology as its core, including their advantages, challenges, and future directions. We found tremendous benefits can be gained by employing Wi-Fi sensing in localization supported by its performance and integrability for other intelligent systems for activity recognition.
{"title":"Wi-Fi Sensing for Indoor Localization via Channel State Information: A Survey","authors":"Dwi Joko Suroso, Farid Yuli Martin Adiyatma, Panarat Cherntanomwong","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i2.70830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i2.70830","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) sensing utilization has been widespread, especially for human behavior/activity recognition. It provides high flexibility since it does not require the person/object to carry any device known as device-free. This \"passive\" concept is also helpful for another application of Wi-Fi sensing, i.e., indoor localization. The \"sensing\" is conducted using particular parameters extracted from communication links of Wi-Fi devices, i.e., channel state information (CSI). This paper explores the recent trends in CSI-based indoor localization with Wi-Fi technology as its core, including their advantages, challenges, and future directions. We found tremendous benefits can be gained by employing Wi-Fi sensing in localization supported by its performance and integrability for other intelligent systems for activity recognition.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"28 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135412864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pole-mounted Metering Circuit Breaker (PMCB) is a medium voltage protection device. Problems in the PMCB because operating at medium voltage causes insulation problems. The isolation problem that arises is due to partial discharge. Partial discharge can trigger the risk of flashover. In addition, corona discharge causes corrosion of the conductor, the effect is a failure and disconnection of electricity. This control system aims to maintain the temperature and humidity of the PMCB at the nominal values according to the standard. Based on SPLN D3.021-1:2020, it is known that under normal service conditions, the ambient air temperature does not exceed 40°C and the average temperature for 24 hours does not exceed 35°C and the highest relative humidity is 100% RH. The control system uses an AC voltage controller which is used to control the input voltage of the heater and exhaust fan so that the temperature and humidity can reach nominal operating conditions. The control method used is an artificial neural network (ANN) to find the ignition angle of the AC voltage controller as a TRIAC control. The test results using the ANN control method, system simulation produces a temperature error of 1.029% and humidity error of 2.48% and the hardware system produces a temperature error of 2.364% and humidity error of 8.673% compared to the set point temperature of 35°C and humidity of 50% RH. It can be concluded that the ANN control method can maintain the PMCB temperature and humidity according to standards
{"title":"Temperature and Humidity Control System for Pole-Mounted Metering Circuit Breaker with Artificial Neural Network Methods","authors":"Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, Moh. Zaenal Efendi, Rachma Prilian Eviningsih","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i2.67933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i2.67933","url":null,"abstract":"Pole-mounted Metering Circuit Breaker (PMCB) is a medium voltage protection device. Problems in the PMCB because operating at medium voltage causes insulation problems. The isolation problem that arises is due to partial discharge. Partial discharge can trigger the risk of flashover. In addition, corona discharge causes corrosion of the conductor, the effect is a failure and disconnection of electricity. This control system aims to maintain the temperature and humidity of the PMCB at the nominal values according to the standard. Based on SPLN D3.021-1:2020, it is known that under normal service conditions, the ambient air temperature does not exceed 40°C and the average temperature for 24 hours does not exceed 35°C and the highest relative humidity is 100% RH. The control system uses an AC voltage controller which is used to control the input voltage of the heater and exhaust fan so that the temperature and humidity can reach nominal operating conditions. The control method used is an artificial neural network (ANN) to find the ignition angle of the AC voltage controller as a TRIAC control. The test results using the ANN control method, system simulation produces a temperature error of 1.029% and humidity error of 2.48% and the hardware system produces a temperature error of 2.364% and humidity error of 8.673% compared to the set point temperature of 35°C and humidity of 50% RH. It can be concluded that the ANN control method can maintain the PMCB temperature and humidity according to standards","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"281 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135412712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i2.68714
Neneng Suryani, Lussiana ETP
The Indonesian automotive industry has become an essential pillar in the country's manufacturing sector. As production capacity increases, problems will also increase, including disparities in the level of efficiency and productivity of each sub-sector of the manufacturing industry in Indonesia. This problem occurs due to the need for a good process path, such as the uneven distribution of work tasks machines in the work process so that it is possible to harm the company, so a solution is needed to increase the efficiency of the production line. This research aims to improve production efficiency, particularly concerning the use of electricity costs and operator wages on the cabin type S L assembly line, by applying the Ranked Positional Weight (RPW) method. The research phases include data collection, analysis, processing, and evaluation. Based on the SL-type cabin calculations using the RPW method, the track efficiency improved by 4.69% from the initial conditions, while the track effectiveness increased by 75.02% to 79.71%. Increased the production line efficiency has impacted on the decrease in production costs Rp. 13,827,249/month.
{"title":"Cabin Assembly Balancing Line on Welding Using Ranked Positional Weight Method","authors":"Neneng Suryani, Lussiana ETP","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i2.68714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i2.68714","url":null,"abstract":"The Indonesian automotive industry has become an essential pillar in the country's manufacturing sector. As production capacity increases, problems will also increase, including disparities in the level of efficiency and productivity of each sub-sector of the manufacturing industry in Indonesia. This problem occurs due to the need for a good process path, such as the uneven distribution of work tasks machines in the work process so that it is possible to harm the company, so a solution is needed to increase the efficiency of the production line. This research aims to improve production efficiency, particularly concerning the use of electricity costs and operator wages on the cabin type S L assembly line, by applying the Ranked Positional Weight (RPW) method. The research phases include data collection, analysis, processing, and evaluation. Based on the SL-type cabin calculations using the RPW method, the track efficiency improved by 4.69% from the initial conditions, while the track effectiveness increased by 75.02% to 79.71%. Increased the production line efficiency has impacted on the decrease in production costs Rp. 13,827,249/month.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135413569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i2.63601
Miftahul Fikri, Christiono Christiono, Iwa Garniwa Mulyana K, Titi Ratnasari, Kurniawan Atmadja, Andi Amar Thahara, Muhammad Luthfiansyah Romadhoni
In many electrical networks in Indonesia, insulation failure due to high voltage phenomena like Corona Discharge (CD) still happens. This is a result of our inability to perform early Corona Discharge (CD) identification. This study’s objective is to optimalize the sound properties of Corona Discharge (CD) as a first step throught the early identification of insulation failure in the form of clustering 20 kV cubicle. Based on observations on the needle-rod electrode 3 cm apart, the smallest breakdown was obtained at 34.3 kV. So that the classification of CD sound by 3 clusters starting 20 kV cubicle voltage until before the failure occurs on 33 kV. The temperature in the cubical is between 27.5℃ - 35.3℃ and humidity ranges from 70% - 95%. It was stated in the study that the FcM method was the most widely used and successful method. In this case, FcM can obtain more flexible results that classify data into clusters easily. This research will be carried out using the Fuzzy c-Means (FcM) method. Feature extraction with linear predictive coding (LPC) method, then optimization by using the Fuzzy c-Means (FcM) method which is expected to be used as an initial step for early detection of insulation failure.
{"title":"Optimization Objective Function Corona Discharge Acoustic Using Fuzzy c-Means (FcM )","authors":"Miftahul Fikri, Christiono Christiono, Iwa Garniwa Mulyana K, Titi Ratnasari, Kurniawan Atmadja, Andi Amar Thahara, Muhammad Luthfiansyah Romadhoni","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i2.63601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i2.63601","url":null,"abstract":"In many electrical networks in Indonesia, insulation failure due to high voltage phenomena like Corona Discharge (CD) still happens. This is a result of our inability to perform early Corona Discharge (CD) identification. This study’s objective is to optimalize the sound properties of Corona Discharge (CD) as a first step throught the early identification of insulation failure in the form of clustering 20 kV cubicle. Based on observations on the needle-rod electrode 3 cm apart, the smallest breakdown was obtained at 34.3 kV. So that the classification of CD sound by 3 clusters starting 20 kV cubicle voltage until before the failure occurs on 33 kV. The temperature in the cubical is between 27.5℃ - 35.3℃ and humidity ranges from 70% - 95%. It was stated in the study that the FcM method was the most widely used and successful method. In this case, FcM can obtain more flexible results that classify data into clusters easily. This research will be carried out using the Fuzzy c-Means (FcM) method. Feature extraction with linear predictive coding (LPC) method, then optimization by using the Fuzzy c-Means (FcM) method which is expected to be used as an initial step for early detection of insulation failure.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"284 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135412693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The control of electric motors, particularly three-phase induction motors, has developed rapidly due to their application in industry. Indirect Field Oriented Control (IFOC) is one of the most widely used control systems due to its ease of application. IFOC controls a three-phase induction motor in the same way as a DC motor. However, IFOC requires a Sliding Mode Control (SMC) controller with Lyapunov stability theory to ensure robustness and stability. In exceptional conditions, such as low-speed settings, the SMC-based IFOC requires unique sets to operate with a steady-state error (Ess) at a speed response of less than 2%. Other parameters to be considered are rise time and electromagnetic torque response at low speeds. The addition of the boundary layer of the hyperbolic tangent function to a first-order SMC can increase induction motor (IM) control up to 175 rpm with a value of Ess = 1.96% compared to the saturation and signum functions, which are only capable of a reference speed of 300 rpm in no-load conditions with a value of Ess = 2% for the saturation function and 1.94% for the signum function. SMC with the hyperbolic tangent function boundary layer performs best under load conditions. The rising time value does not significantly differ under no-load or torque-load conditions between the SMC with the saturation, hyperbolic tangent function boundary layers and without the boundary layer. Adding a boundary layer with the hyperbolic tangent function can reduce ripple significantly compared to the saturation function under no-load or load conditions.
{"title":"Rotor Speed Analysis of SMC-based IFOC for Low-Speed Induction Motor Control","authors":"Angga Wahyu Aditya, Ihsan Ihsan, Fachri Husaini, Faisal Faiiz Ramadhanu","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i2.67321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i2.67321","url":null,"abstract":"The control of electric motors, particularly three-phase induction motors, has developed rapidly due to their application in industry. Indirect Field Oriented Control (IFOC) is one of the most widely used control systems due to its ease of application. IFOC controls a three-phase induction motor in the same way as a DC motor. However, IFOC requires a Sliding Mode Control (SMC) controller with Lyapunov stability theory to ensure robustness and stability. In exceptional conditions, such as low-speed settings, the SMC-based IFOC requires unique sets to operate with a steady-state error (Ess) at a speed response of less than 2%. Other parameters to be considered are rise time and electromagnetic torque response at low speeds. The addition of the boundary layer of the hyperbolic tangent function to a first-order SMC can increase induction motor (IM) control up to 175 rpm with a value of Ess = 1.96% compared to the saturation and signum functions, which are only capable of a reference speed of 300 rpm in no-load conditions with a value of Ess = 2% for the saturation function and 1.94% for the signum function. SMC with the hyperbolic tangent function boundary layer performs best under load conditions. The rising time value does not significantly differ under no-load or torque-load conditions between the SMC with the saturation, hyperbolic tangent function boundary layers and without the boundary layer. Adding a boundary layer with the hyperbolic tangent function can reduce ripple significantly compared to the saturation function under no-load or load conditions.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"66 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135412714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i2.70381
Khairurizal Alfathdyanto, Adytia Darmawan, Ali Husein Alasiry, Ahmad Taufik
Quadruped, a robot that resembles four-legged animals, is developed for many purposes, such as surveillance and rescue. Such a caveat requires the robot to have the capability to overcome various terrain and obstacles. When moving across such a landscape, it is essential to maintain the robot's orientation steadily. Inclined terrains such as stairs have posed another challenge to the control strategy as the robot is unstable while climbing. Therefore, the contribution of this work is to address the need for heading control because of the relatively longer stairs used for the current competition compared to the past. The proposed control system simultaneously maintains the heading while keeping the body stable. The inertial measurement unit sensor carried by the robot would provide the pose needed for heading control calculations. The robot's heading becomes the base for the PD controller calculation. The final pose that stabilizes the robot while tackling heading error is a combination of correction from the PD controller and the stabilization part of the control strategy. Then, the leg servo angle determination deployed the inverse kinematics calculation from the suitable robot pose. The proposed method enabled the designed robot to maintain its heading with a 4.4-degree margin of error and stabilize the body. The quadruped also completes the stair climbing at the shortest time of 20 seconds with a speed of up to 5.5 centimeters per second.
{"title":"Heading control for quadruped stair climbing based on PD controller for the KRSRI competition","authors":"Khairurizal Alfathdyanto, Adytia Darmawan, Ali Husein Alasiry, Ahmad Taufik","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i2.70381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i2.70381","url":null,"abstract":"Quadruped, a robot that resembles four-legged animals, is developed for many purposes, such as surveillance and rescue. Such a caveat requires the robot to have the capability to overcome various terrain and obstacles. When moving across such a landscape, it is essential to maintain the robot's orientation steadily. Inclined terrains such as stairs have posed another challenge to the control strategy as the robot is unstable while climbing. Therefore, the contribution of this work is to address the need for heading control because of the relatively longer stairs used for the current competition compared to the past. The proposed control system simultaneously maintains the heading while keeping the body stable. The inertial measurement unit sensor carried by the robot would provide the pose needed for heading control calculations. The robot's heading becomes the base for the PD controller calculation. The final pose that stabilizes the robot while tackling heading error is a combination of correction from the PD controller and the stabilization part of the control strategy. Then, the leg servo angle determination deployed the inverse kinematics calculation from the suitable robot pose. The proposed method enabled the designed robot to maintain its heading with a 4.4-degree margin of error and stabilize the body. The quadruped also completes the stair climbing at the shortest time of 20 seconds with a speed of up to 5.5 centimeters per second.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"11 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135366574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Digital system has been a part of human life since the invention of the computer with a microprocessor as the central brain. At the heart of a processor is an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) that handles arithmetic and logic operations. The need for high-speed computation to handle complex computations demands microprocessors with higher performance. The existing 4-opcode 8-bit ALU cannot handle multiplication operations, so a solution is needed. In this research, while raising the appeal of beginners, a 12-bit ALU with eight operation codes (opcode) was designed and implemented in Xilinx’s Field Programmable Gate Array using a schematic diagram approach through logic gates. The designed and implemented ALU provides addition, subtraction, multiplication, square, AND, OR, NAND, and XOR operations. The multiplication operation was tested by performing the computation to provided datasets to obtain the distance travelled by ten military aircraft based on their maximum speed and air travel duration to ensure its performance. The computation performance comparison with an 8-bit ALU with four opcodes was also done. The computation was done for air travel between 10 to 60 minutes with a 10-minute difference. It was found that the 12-bit ALU with eight opcodes outperformed its contender with computation differences between 130.815 ns and 1,468.214 ns. This high performance is supported by the multiply operation that does repeated addition at one time. Based on this finding, the 8-opcode 12-bit ALU is more efficient in the context of computation time, with consistent accuracy. Moreover, the computation time required to calculate military aircraft data with different maximum speeds and air travel duration is only 119.501 ns.
{"title":"Design and Implementation of 12-Bit Arithmetic Logic Unit with 8 Operation Codes to Field Programmable Gate Array","authors":"Arwin Datumaya Wahyudi Sumari, Sukriya Hijriana, Denny Dermawan","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i2.64041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i2.64041","url":null,"abstract":"Digital system has been a part of human life since the invention of the computer with a microprocessor as the central brain. At the heart of a processor is an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) that handles arithmetic and logic operations. The need for high-speed computation to handle complex computations demands microprocessors with higher performance. The existing 4-opcode 8-bit ALU cannot handle multiplication operations, so a solution is needed. In this research, while raising the appeal of beginners, a 12-bit ALU with eight operation codes (opcode) was designed and implemented in Xilinx’s Field Programmable Gate Array using a schematic diagram approach through logic gates. The designed and implemented ALU provides addition, subtraction, multiplication, square, AND, OR, NAND, and XOR operations. The multiplication operation was tested by performing the computation to provided datasets to obtain the distance travelled by ten military aircraft based on their maximum speed and air travel duration to ensure its performance. The computation performance comparison with an 8-bit ALU with four opcodes was also done. The computation was done for air travel between 10 to 60 minutes with a 10-minute difference. It was found that the 12-bit ALU with eight opcodes outperformed its contender with computation differences between 130.815 ns and 1,468.214 ns. This high performance is supported by the multiply operation that does repeated addition at one time. Based on this finding, the 8-opcode 12-bit ALU is more efficient in the context of computation time, with consistent accuracy. Moreover, the computation time required to calculate military aircraft data with different maximum speeds and air travel duration is only 119.501 ns.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"68 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135413003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i2.69981
Yusuf Aziz Amrulloh, Bayu Dwi Prasetyo, Ummatul Khoiriyah, Hesti Gunarti, Dwikisworo Setyowireni, Rina Triasih, Roni Naning, Amalia Setyati
Pneumonia is a lower tract respiratory infection due to bacteria or viruses. It is a severe disease in the pediatric population. Pneumonia is the leading cause of mortality in children under five years worldwide. One of the problems with pneumonia is the diagnosis, as the symptoms of pneumonia may overlap with other diseases, such as asthma and bronchiolitis. In this work, we propose to develop a method for classifying pneumonia and non-pneumonia using X-ray images. We collected 60 X-ray images from Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and the dataset from Kaggle. We processed these images through pre-processing algorithms to enhance the image quality, segmentation, white pixel computation, and classification. The novelty of our method is using the ratio of the white pixels from edge detection using the Canny algorithm with the white pixels from segmentation for classifying pneumonia/non-pneumonia. In the Kaggle dataset, our proposed method achieved an accuracy of 86.7%, a sensitivity of 100%, and a specificity of 85%. The classification using the dataset from Dr. Sardjito Hospital yields sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 80%, 60%, and 66.7%, respectively. Despite the low performance in the results, we proved our novel feature, ratio of white pixels, can be used to classify pneumonia/non-pneumonia. We also identified that the local dataset is essential in the algorithm development as it has a different quality from the dataset from modern countries. Further, our simple method can be developed further to support pneumonia diagnosis in resource-limited settings where the advanced computing devices or cloud connection are not available.
{"title":"Computer Aided Classification of X-ray Images from Pediatric Pneumonia Subjects Collected in Developing Countries","authors":"Yusuf Aziz Amrulloh, Bayu Dwi Prasetyo, Ummatul Khoiriyah, Hesti Gunarti, Dwikisworo Setyowireni, Rina Triasih, Roni Naning, Amalia Setyati","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i2.69981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i2.69981","url":null,"abstract":"Pneumonia is a lower tract respiratory infection due to bacteria or viruses. It is a severe disease in the pediatric population. Pneumonia is the leading cause of mortality in children under five years worldwide. One of the problems with pneumonia is the diagnosis, as the symptoms of pneumonia may overlap with other diseases, such as asthma and bronchiolitis. In this work, we propose to develop a method for classifying pneumonia and non-pneumonia using X-ray images. We collected 60 X-ray images from Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, and the dataset from Kaggle. We processed these images through pre-processing algorithms to enhance the image quality, segmentation, white pixel computation, and classification. The novelty of our method is using the ratio of the white pixels from edge detection using the Canny algorithm with the white pixels from segmentation for classifying pneumonia/non-pneumonia. In the Kaggle dataset, our proposed method achieved an accuracy of 86.7%, a sensitivity of 100%, and a specificity of 85%. The classification using the dataset from Dr. Sardjito Hospital yields sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 80%, 60%, and 66.7%, respectively. Despite the low performance in the results, we proved our novel feature, ratio of white pixels, can be used to classify pneumonia/non-pneumonia. We also identified that the local dataset is essential in the algorithm development as it has a different quality from the dataset from modern countries. Further, our simple method can be developed further to support pneumonia diagnosis in resource-limited settings where the advanced computing devices or cloud connection are not available.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135413714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i2.68293
Muhammad Amrullah, Awang Wardana, Agus Arif
In the process industry, a control system is important to ensure the process runs smoothly and keeps the product under predetermined specifications. Oscillations in process variables can affect the decreasing profitability of the plant. It is important to detect the oscillation before it becomes a problem for profitability. Various methods have been developed; however, the methods still need to improve when implemented online for multi-oscillation. Therefore, this research uses a machine learning-based method with the K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) algorithm to detect multi-oscillation in the control loop, and the detection methods are made to carry out online detection from real plants. The developed method simulated the Tennessee Eastman Process (TEP), and it used Python programming to create a KNN model and extract time series data into the frequency domain. The Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) communication protocol has been used to implement as an online system. The result of the implementation showed that two KNN models were made with different window size variations to get the best performance model. The best model for multi-oscillation detection was obtained with an F1 score of 76% for detection.
{"title":"Multi-oscillations Detection for Process Variables Based on K-Nearest Neighbor","authors":"Muhammad Amrullah, Awang Wardana, Agus Arif","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i2.68293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i2.68293","url":null,"abstract":"In the process industry, a control system is important to ensure the process runs smoothly and keeps the product under predetermined specifications. Oscillations in process variables can affect the decreasing profitability of the plant. It is important to detect the oscillation before it becomes a problem for profitability. Various methods have been developed; however, the methods still need to improve when implemented online for multi-oscillation. Therefore, this research uses a machine learning-based method with the K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) algorithm to detect multi-oscillation in the control loop, and the detection methods are made to carry out online detection from real plants. The developed method simulated the Tennessee Eastman Process (TEP), and it used Python programming to create a KNN model and extract time series data into the frequency domain. The Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) communication protocol has been used to implement as an online system. The result of the implementation showed that two KNN models were made with different window size variations to get the best performance model. The best model for multi-oscillation detection was obtained with an F1 score of 76% for detection.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"15 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135366420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i2.68481
Muslimin Muslimin, Tantra Diwa Larasati, Agung Tandiminanga
The main function of a power generation system is to provide reliable electrical energy. This study aims to determine the reliability of Biomass Power Plants at PT. Tanjung Bayu Perkasa Plantation (PT. TBPP) in the years 2020, 2021, and 2022 using the Loss of Load Probability (LOLP) index calculation method. LOLP is a reliability index that indicates the possibility that the power plant cannot meet the demand. The LOLP of biomass power plants at PT. TBPP in 2020 amounted to 1.2769 days per year. However, the LOLP in 2020 does not comply with the standards set by the Republic of Indonesia Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Decree in 2018. In contrast, in 2021, it was 0.53403 days per year, and in 2022, it was 0.41748 days per year, both of which meet the standards of the Republic of Indonesia Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Decree in 2018. The LOLP is affected by the Forced Outage Rate (FOR) and demands exceeding the capacity. Based on the LOLP of biomass power plants at PT. TBPP in 2020, 2021, and 2022, it can be concluded that the reliability of biomass power plants at PT. TBPP is at a higher level of reliability compared to the micro-hydro power plant in Pantai Baru Pandasimo with a LOLP of 51.3627 days per year and the steam power plant at Pertamina EP Asset IV Field Sukowati with LOLP of 4.259535 days per year. The recommendation for future research is to explore ways better to optimize boiler operations in steam power plants at PT. TBPP.
发电系统的主要功能是提供可靠的电能。本研究旨在利用负荷损失概率(LOLP)指数计算方法，确定丹戎巴渝竹林(PT. Tanjung Bayu Perkasa Plantation, PT. TBPP)生物质发电厂在2020年、2021年和2022年的可靠性。LOLP是一个可靠性指标，表示电厂不能满足需求的可能性。2020年PT. TBPP生物质能电厂的LOLP为1.2769天/年。然而，2020年的LOLP不符合印度尼西亚共和国能源和矿产资源部2018年法令规定的标准。相比之下，2021年为每年0.53403天，2022年为每年0.41748天，均符合2018年印度尼西亚共和国能源和矿产资源部法令的标准。LOLP受到强制停机率(FOR)和超出容量的需求的影响。根据2020年、2021年和2022年PT. TBPP生物质发电厂的LOLP，可以得出PT. TBPP生物质发电厂的可靠性相对于LOLP为51.3627天/年的Pantai Baru Pandasimo微型水力发电厂和LOLP为4.259535天/年的Pertamina EP Asset IV Field Sukowati蒸汽发电厂处于较高的可靠性水平。建议未来的研究是探索更好地优化PT. TBPP蒸汽发电厂锅炉运行的方法。
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