One of the most favorable frequency bands for 5G technology is the 27.5 - 28.5 GHz band which has been used by Fixed Satellite System (FSS) service in the uplink direction. This potentially causes interference between the two systems. This study aims to analyze the interference that occurs between satellite earth stations and 5G access points (AP), and between 5G AP and satellite sky stations. The analysis is carried out based on simulations using the Spectrum Engineering Advanced Monte Carlo Analysis Tool (SEAMCAT) software, with two scenarios. The first scenario is to analyze interference between the 5G AP and the FSS sky station. With the C/I interference criterion of 40.2 dB, the simulation results show that the 5G AP will not interfere with the FSS sky station. The second scenario is the interference simulation between FSS earth station and 5G AP. The simulation is carried out by varying the distance between the earth station and the 5G AP, the height of the earth station, and the height of the 5G AP. Based on the simulations, it is shown that the FSS earth station can interfere with 5G AP with a probability of up to 60%, so it is necessary to adjust the distance between systems and the height of the antenna to minimize the interference. The shortest distance needed to minimize interference is 36 km with an earth station height of 5 meters.
{"title":"Interference Analysis Between 5G System and Fixed Satellite Service in the 28 GHz Band","authors":"Rafli Ghifari, Lydia Sari, R. Deiny Mardian W, Syah Alam, Indra Surjati","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i2.51040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i2.51040","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most favorable frequency bands for 5G technology is the 27.5 - 28.5 GHz band which has been used by Fixed Satellite System (FSS) service in the uplink direction. This potentially causes interference between the two systems. This study aims to analyze the interference that occurs between satellite earth stations and 5G access points (AP), and between 5G AP and satellite sky stations. The analysis is carried out based on simulations using the Spectrum Engineering Advanced Monte Carlo Analysis Tool (SEAMCAT) software, with two scenarios. The first scenario is to analyze interference between the 5G AP and the FSS sky station. With the C/I interference criterion of 40.2 dB, the simulation results show that the 5G AP will not interfere with the FSS sky station. The second scenario is the interference simulation between FSS earth station and 5G AP. The simulation is carried out by varying the distance between the earth station and the 5G AP, the height of the earth station, and the height of the 5G AP. Based on the simulations, it is shown that the FSS earth station can interfere with 5G AP with a probability of up to 60%, so it is necessary to adjust the distance between systems and the height of the antenna to minimize the interference. The shortest distance needed to minimize interference is 36 km with an earth station height of 5 meters.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"230 6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135366573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i1.63769
Yandhika Surya Akbar Gumilang, K. Krisdianto, Haitsam Haitsam, Moch. Aditya Rizky Fahreza, Aziz Alfayid
Technology development are going so fast. One of technology development on purposed reasearch is moving item technology. Moving item can be dangerous works for human. There are some dangerous case of moving item, heavy weight items, hazardous chemical compounds, etc. Purposed research is to minimize risk from previous problem. It can reduce work load energy and minimize an accident in terms of moving items for operator, which are often encountered in the industry sector. Purposed research made bluetooth wireless transporter mecanum wheeled robot with android smartphone controller for moving item. Robot made in prototype scale. Robot size is 28x13x15 cm(s). Robot made based on arduino uno and L293D driver motor shield with android smartphone controller. Using android controller was made user easier to use. This robot design equipped with 4 mecanum wheel (4 DC motors), two 1850 battery, Arduino Uno, L293D driver motor, HC-06 bluetooth module, LCD and two M90s Servos for gripper. Gripper has two motions, shift and lift motions. After several test of purposed transporter robot, it can conclude that purposed transporter robot can controlled wireless with bluetooth from 0 to 20 meters. Purposed robot gripper has two motion Gripper test result, purposed transporter robot can shift item up to 350 grams weight load and lift an item up to 200 grams. Robot can operate up to 128 minutes with full capacity batteries . From several test, main purposed of this robot can provided. It is to moving an item to another place. Purposed robot can implements in industry sector with adjustment specification, but if weight load and dimensions match with this research, then purposed robot can be used properly.
{"title":"Design of Bluetooth Wireless Transporter Mecanum Wheeled Robot with Android Smartphone Controller for Moving Item","authors":"Yandhika Surya Akbar Gumilang, K. Krisdianto, Haitsam Haitsam, Moch. Aditya Rizky Fahreza, Aziz Alfayid","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i1.63769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i1.63769","url":null,"abstract":"Technology development are going so fast. One of technology development on purposed reasearch is moving item technology. Moving item can be dangerous works for human. There are some dangerous case of moving item, heavy weight items, hazardous chemical compounds, etc. Purposed research is to minimize risk from previous problem. It can reduce work load energy and minimize an accident in terms of moving items for operator, which are often encountered in the industry sector. Purposed research made bluetooth wireless transporter mecanum wheeled robot with android smartphone controller for moving item. Robot made in prototype scale. Robot size is 28x13x15 cm(s). Robot made based on arduino uno and L293D driver motor shield with android smartphone controller. Using android controller was made user easier to use. This robot design equipped with 4 mecanum wheel (4 DC motors), two 1850 battery, Arduino Uno, L293D driver motor, HC-06 bluetooth module, LCD and two M90s Servos for gripper. Gripper has two motions, shift and lift motions. After several test of purposed transporter robot, it can conclude that purposed transporter robot can controlled wireless with bluetooth from 0 to 20 meters. Purposed robot gripper has two motion Gripper test result, purposed transporter robot can shift item up to 350 grams weight load and lift an item up to 200 grams. Robot can operate up to 128 minutes with full capacity batteries . From several test, main purposed of this robot can provided. It is to moving an item to another place. Purposed robot can implements in industry sector with adjustment specification, but if weight load and dimensions match with this research, then purposed robot can be used properly.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74585205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i1.63817
A. Aditya, R. M. Utomo, Nur Rani Alham, Hilmansyah Hilmansyah
Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) is inseparable from the industrial revolution 4.0 and society 5.0. IoT allows all aspects to be connected at the same time. In industrial processes, the IoT controls the actuator and monitors the behavior system. Industrial IoT (IIoT) connected the Human Machine Interface (HMI) Haiwell C7S with the actuator (Schneider Altivar 12) and the controller (OMRON CP1E-NA20DRA). The communication between the variable speed drive and Haiwell C7S using Modbus protocol is connected with RS485. Schneider Altivar 12 is a variable-speed drive that controls the Induction Motor (IM) rotor speed using the conventional V/F method. The scalar control of IM controls supply frequency and voltage simultaneously. The success parameter of the proposed systems is a rotor speed response and voltage in various supply frequencies. The results show that the 5 Hz supply frequency makes the absolute error of rotor speed response 11.43% for tachometer measurement, 0.67% from VSD data, and 12.67% for rotary encoder measurement. This absolute error will decrease significantly when the supply frequency exceeds 20 Hz, or the rotor speed response exceeds 1200 rpm. The changes in the supply frequency change the voltage's magnitude. The voltage will increase proportionally, along with the increase in supply frequency.
{"title":"The Industrial IoT Control Design of Three Phase Induction Motor using Conventional V/F Method","authors":"A. Aditya, R. M. Utomo, Nur Rani Alham, Hilmansyah Hilmansyah","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i1.63817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i1.63817","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, the Internet of Things (IoT) is inseparable from the industrial revolution 4.0 and society 5.0. IoT allows all aspects to be connected at the same time. In industrial processes, the IoT controls the actuator and monitors the behavior system. Industrial IoT (IIoT) connected the Human Machine Interface (HMI) Haiwell C7S with the actuator (Schneider Altivar 12) and the controller (OMRON CP1E-NA20DRA). The communication between the variable speed drive and Haiwell C7S using Modbus protocol is connected with RS485. Schneider Altivar 12 is a variable-speed drive that controls the Induction Motor (IM) rotor speed using the conventional V/F method. The scalar control of IM controls supply frequency and voltage simultaneously. The success parameter of the proposed systems is a rotor speed response and voltage in various supply frequencies. The results show that the 5 Hz supply frequency makes the absolute error of rotor speed response 11.43% for tachometer measurement, 0.67% from VSD data, and 12.67% for rotary encoder measurement. This absolute error will decrease significantly when the supply frequency exceeds 20 Hz, or the rotor speed response exceeds 1200 rpm. The changes in the supply frequency change the voltage's magnitude. The voltage will increase proportionally, along with the increase in supply frequency.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86947453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i1.62083
Yugerita Firmance, S. Amalia, Kartiria Kartiria
The government's program to promote energy conservation efforts by reducing the occurrence of vampire power in the surrounding environment, particularly in the household sector. For this reason, modifications are made to the socket so that it can be controlled and monitored remotely through an application on a smartphone. The hardware design uses the NodeMCU ESP8266 V3 as a microcontroller. Combined with the PZEM-004T sensor module to read current, voltage, and power values. Relay module to secure the circuit in case of higher loads. So that in the system, the socket can be monitored 3 sockets simultaneously. While the software design uses the MIT app inventor as the user interface, and the Thingspeak platform as a server. The data is saved in.csv format, which can be opened in Microsoft Excel. The data stored is in the form of the name of the electronic equipment, the time of use, as well as the voltage, current, and power of the device. So that users can manage the use of electrical appliances at home and reduce the occurrence of electric vampires. The test results showed an average voltage error rate of 0.24% with a voltage range of 226 V–230 V, an average current error rate of 22.18%, and an error rate on power of 15.39%. This is caused by the measured load being too small, resulting in higher errors in current and power.
政府计划通过减少周边环境中，特别是家庭部门中吸血鬼电力的发生来促进节能工作。出于这个原因，对套接字进行了修改，以便可以通过智能手机上的应用程序远程控制和监视它。硬件设计采用NodeMCU ESP8266 V3作为微控制器。结合pzm - 004t传感器模块读取电流，电压和功率值。继电器模块，以确保电路在更高的负载情况下。从而在系统中可以同时对3个socket进行监控。而软件设计则使用麻省理工学院应用程序发明人作为用户界面，Thingspeak平台作为服务器。数据保存为。csv格式，可在Microsoft Excel中打开。存储的数据以电子设备的名称、使用时间以及设备的电压、电流和功率的形式存在。这样用户就可以对家中电器的使用进行管理，减少电吸血鬼的发生。测试结果表明，在226 V ~ 230 V电压范围内，平均电压错误率为0.24%，平均电流错误率为22.18%，功率错误率为15.39%。这是由于测量负载太小，导致电流和功率误差较大。
{"title":"Designing a Monitoring and Controlling System on IOT-Based Sockets","authors":"Yugerita Firmance, S. Amalia, Kartiria Kartiria","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i1.62083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i1.62083","url":null,"abstract":"The government's program to promote energy conservation efforts by reducing the occurrence of vampire power in the surrounding environment, particularly in the household sector. For this reason, modifications are made to the socket so that it can be controlled and monitored remotely through an application on a smartphone. The hardware design uses the NodeMCU ESP8266 V3 as a microcontroller. Combined with the PZEM-004T sensor module to read current, voltage, and power values. Relay module to secure the circuit in case of higher loads. So that in the system, the socket can be monitored 3 sockets simultaneously. While the software design uses the MIT app inventor as the user interface, and the Thingspeak platform as a server. The data is saved in.csv format, which can be opened in Microsoft Excel. The data stored is in the form of the name of the electronic equipment, the time of use, as well as the voltage, current, and power of the device. So that users can manage the use of electrical appliances at home and reduce the occurrence of electric vampires. The test results showed an average voltage error rate of 0.24% with a voltage range of 226 V–230 V, an average current error rate of 22.18%, and an error rate on power of 15.39%. This is caused by the measured load being too small, resulting in higher errors in current and power. ","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79831076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i1.63520
A. Farouq, R. Fathurrahman
Losing personal items such as a wallet or room keys is disturbing. Problems arise when clues to find the item are lacking or even non-existent. Of one hundred-two people who filled out the questionnaire about how often losing their belongings, 76% had experienced it. Because of that, it must be hard to remember where the last they put the stuff. Therefore people need tools that can help them easily find their item with a transmitter and connect to a mobile phone. Previous research showed that the transmitter with a frequency system had a detection distance of only 5 meters. From this weakness, the authors propose the development of a tracking items device that combines an Internet of Things-based Bluetooth transmitter and receiver system approach called D-Tags by combining Bluetooth routers, IoT, and mobile phones. The system is designed for both indoor and outdoor areas. Bluetooth testing allows the device to detect items up to 7.43 meters without wall obstacles. The system provided location information such as Living Room or Bedroom and the coordinates when outside the room. Regarding time, a single detection item is faster in the range of 15.13 seconds to 15.60 seconds than searching for two things simultaneously. From the tracking radius of the outdoor area, the device can track items up to 31.8 meters from the last item's position. All information tracking history can be seen on the web application. The experiment results prove that D-Tags can be used to track items by indicating their location and with a relatively short search duration.
{"title":"D-Tags Design by Combining Bluetooth Router, IoT, and Mobile Phone to Track Personal Items","authors":"A. Farouq, R. Fathurrahman","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i1.63520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i1.63520","url":null,"abstract":"Losing personal items such as a wallet or room keys is disturbing. Problems arise when clues to find the item are lacking or even non-existent. Of one hundred-two people who filled out the questionnaire about how often losing their belongings, 76% had experienced it. Because of that, it must be hard to remember where the last they put the stuff. Therefore people need tools that can help them easily find their item with a transmitter and connect to a mobile phone. Previous research showed that the transmitter with a frequency system had a detection distance of only 5 meters. From this weakness, the authors propose the development of a tracking items device that combines an Internet of Things-based Bluetooth transmitter and receiver system approach called D-Tags by combining Bluetooth routers, IoT, and mobile phones. The system is designed for both indoor and outdoor areas. Bluetooth testing allows the device to detect items up to 7.43 meters without wall obstacles. The system provided location information such as Living Room or Bedroom and the coordinates when outside the room. Regarding time, a single detection item is faster in the range of 15.13 seconds to 15.60 seconds than searching for two things simultaneously. From the tracking radius of the outdoor area, the device can track items up to 31.8 meters from the last item's position. All information tracking history can be seen on the web application. The experiment results prove that D-Tags can be used to track items by indicating their location and with a relatively short search duration.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86928497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i1.63847
A. Sunarso, Devi Andriani, Dovian Iswanda, Nurhaidah Nurhaidah, Tri Pratomo, Halasan Sihombing, Y. Yunita, Wendhi Yuniarto, R. Rusman
In this work, we propose the use of a low-cost PV monitoring system for providing accurate and comprehensive data required in the development of efficient and reliable solar PV plants. The system is developed based on an open-source Arduino platform with the capability to monitor solar irradiance, and electric outputs and temperature of multiple solar panels, which should enable the accurate assessment of solar energy resource, as well as electrical energy produced by PV plant under real operating conditions. To demonstrate its applicability, the system has been installed at the campus of Politeknik Negeri Pontianak in Pontianak City, and the data collected by the system is used to assess solar energy resource at the location. Data collected by the system from August 2020 to September 2021 shows that the values of solar irradiation are in the range of 2.9–4.1 kWh/m2 per day, and electric energy produced by commercial solar panels are in the range of 0.30–0.46 kWh/m2 per day, correspond to the monthly averaged efficiencies of 8–13%. The values of solar irradiation are 15–40 % lower than those obtained from the space-averaged satellite data which are in the range of 4.1–5.8 kWh/m2 per day. This shows the significant effects of local conditions, and confirms the advantage of assessment using the low-cost monitoring system that directly accounts for the effects of local conditions without the need of simulation using complex model and sophisticated software that required in the assessment using satellite-derived data.
{"title":"Assessment of Solar Energy Resource for PV Plant Development Using a Low-cost PV Monitoring System","authors":"A. Sunarso, Devi Andriani, Dovian Iswanda, Nurhaidah Nurhaidah, Tri Pratomo, Halasan Sihombing, Y. Yunita, Wendhi Yuniarto, R. Rusman","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i1.63847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i1.63847","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we propose the use of a low-cost PV monitoring system for providing accurate and comprehensive data required in the development of efficient and reliable solar PV plants. The system is developed based on an open-source Arduino platform with the capability to monitor solar irradiance, and electric outputs and temperature of multiple solar panels, which should enable the accurate assessment of solar energy resource, as well as electrical energy produced by PV plant under real operating conditions. To demonstrate its applicability, the system has been installed at the campus of Politeknik Negeri Pontianak in Pontianak City, and the data collected by the system is used to assess solar energy resource at the location. Data collected by the system from August 2020 to September 2021 shows that the values of solar irradiation are in the range of 2.9–4.1 kWh/m2 per day, and electric energy produced by commercial solar panels are in the range of 0.30–0.46 kWh/m2 per day, correspond to the monthly averaged efficiencies of 8–13%. The values of solar irradiation are 15–40 % lower than those obtained from the space-averaged satellite data which are in the range of 4.1–5.8 kWh/m2 per day. This shows the significant effects of local conditions, and confirms the advantage of assessment using the low-cost monitoring system that directly accounts for the effects of local conditions without the need of simulation using complex model and sophisticated software that required in the assessment using satellite-derived data.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72724322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i1.61351
Igor Levi Satriani, R. Munir, A. I. Natalisanto, D. Hamdani
Numerical simulation on HIT (Heterostructure with Intrinsic Thin Layer) solar cell using hetero-structure ITO/(p+)a-Si:H/(i)a-Si:H/(n)c-Si/Al solar cell has been done using AFORS-HET (Automate For Simulation of Heterostructure) software. The purpose of this study is to provide validation as well optimization model of solar cell enhanced performances. Data analysis shows a significant increase on solar power generation. An intrinsic thin layer given between the hetero-interface to reduce defect properties on solar cell structure. The optimization using an optimal value of acceptor-donor doping, dangling-bond defects ( ), thin conductive oxide work function ( ), and other input shows a reducing recombination-rates, as a validation Figure of Merits (FOMs) data reach a maximum efficiency value at 23,67% ( = 634,2 mV; = 51,2 mA/cm2; = 72,91%, this result achieved on peak data such = 5,2 eV, Na (doping) = 5.0 x 1019 cm-3, = 1.0 x 1018 cm-3, (interface defect) = 1.0 x 1010 cm-3. The results obtained from this simulation produce a number of optimum parameters that can be followed up experimentally to obtain better solar cell performances.
{"title":"Analysis of ITO/a-Si:H(p)/a-Si:H(i)/c-Si(n)/Al HIT (Heterostructure with Intrinsic Thin Layer) solar cell performances.","authors":"Igor Levi Satriani, R. Munir, A. I. Natalisanto, D. Hamdani","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i1.61351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i1.61351","url":null,"abstract":"Numerical simulation on HIT (Heterostructure with Intrinsic Thin Layer) solar cell using hetero-structure ITO/(p+)a-Si:H/(i)a-Si:H/(n)c-Si/Al solar cell has been done using AFORS-HET (Automate For Simulation of Heterostructure) software. The purpose of this study is to provide validation as well optimization model of solar cell enhanced performances. Data analysis shows a significant increase on solar power generation. An intrinsic thin layer given between the hetero-interface to reduce defect properties on solar cell structure. The optimization using an optimal value of acceptor-donor doping, dangling-bond defects ( ), thin conductive oxide work function ( ), and other input shows a reducing recombination-rates, as a validation Figure of Merits (FOMs) data reach a maximum efficiency value at 23,67% ( = 634,2 mV; = 51,2 mA/cm2; = 72,91%, this result achieved on peak data such = 5,2 eV, Na (doping) = 5.0 x 1019 cm-3, = 1.0 x 1018 cm-3, (interface defect) = 1.0 x 1010 cm-3. The results obtained from this simulation produce a number of optimum parameters that can be followed up experimentally to obtain better solar cell performances.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86859828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i1.62982
J. Julian, F. Wahyuni, Faiz Daffa Ulhaq
The development of the water management system has so far reached the stage of utilizing IoT technology in the monitoring and operation process. An essential factor in water that affects the quality of a substance is pH. The research aims to analyze and ensure that the devices have a small pH measurement error rate with TLC4502 & E201C. The calibration process was carried out using linear regression, and value of 0.99 was obtained. Analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD methods, and it was found that all data pairs rejected the null hypothesis (H0) and accepted the alternate hypothesis (H1). This hypothesis indicated a significant difference in the relative measurement error of pH in each condition. The standard error value of each measurement after filtration was 0.00, with an uncertainty value ranging from 0.07 to 0.02. If the sensor can provide measurement results with low error and high accuracy, then the sensor can be widely circulated and used. Through this research, the feasibility of a measuring instrument was developed based on the perspective of errors and high accuracy. A quality measuring instrument certainly helpful in various fields from the fisheries, hydroponics, and environmental sectors.
{"title":"Reliability Analysis of pH Measurement on TLC4502 with E201C Electrodes based on ATmega328P Microcontroller: Approach to Analysis of Variation with ANOVA","authors":"J. Julian, F. Wahyuni, Faiz Daffa Ulhaq","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i1.62982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i1.62982","url":null,"abstract":"The development of the water management system has so far reached the stage of utilizing IoT technology in the monitoring and operation process. An essential factor in water that affects the quality of a substance is pH. The research aims to analyze and ensure that the devices have a small pH measurement error rate with TLC4502 & E201C. The calibration process was carried out using linear regression, and value of 0.99 was obtained. Analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD methods, and it was found that all data pairs rejected the null hypothesis (H0) and accepted the alternate hypothesis (H1). This hypothesis indicated a significant difference in the relative measurement error of pH in each condition. The standard error value of each measurement after filtration was 0.00, with an uncertainty value ranging from 0.07 to 0.02. If the sensor can provide measurement results with low error and high accuracy, then the sensor can be widely circulated and used. Through this research, the feasibility of a measuring instrument was developed based on the perspective of errors and high accuracy. A quality measuring instrument certainly helpful in various fields from the fisheries, hydroponics, and environmental sectors.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80020792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i1.61245
Dicky Andrian Nugraha, Amirullah Amirullah
Nominal electricity rates always increase, so it is necessary to take steps to save electricity consumption. One of the steps to save electricity consumption is taken by implementing a remote electrical equipment control system based on the Smart Home Internet of Things (IoT) system. Besides being able to save money, IoT systems are also able to help simplify work and human activities. This research aims to implement Internet of Things (IoT) equipment to monitor, control, protect, and On/Off timers for household electrical appliances monitored by the Telegram application and 16×2 LCD. Monitored system parameters i.e. voltage, current, frequency, power, energy, and electricity rates for each device. Device hardware i.e. Arduino Uno, 1 Channel Relay, PZEM-004t Voltage Sensor, NodeMCU ESP8266, and Current Sensor (Current Transformer). The equipment has been successfully tested on 10 different household appliances i.e. charged cellphones, fans, charged laptops, solder, iron, fluorescent lamp 36 W, television (TV), set-top box (STB)-TV, printer, and 5 W bulb lamp. The results showed that the prototype is capable of monitoring, controlling, protecting, and On/Off timer settings as well as being able to be monitored from home electric appliances both near and far using the 16×2 LCD and the Telegram application, respectively. The sensor tool using the Telegram application is able to measure/monitor the parameters of voltage, current and frequency at 10 loads with an average error value of 0.32%, 12.83% and 0.1% respectively compared to measurements using a Multimeter. The IoT prototype is also able to provide more complete, faster (4-5 sec) monitoring, control, protection, timer On/Off parameters and superior performance compared to devices designed by a number of previous researchers.
{"title":"Telegram Application for Monitoring, Controlling and Protecting the Consumption of Household Electrical Appliances","authors":"Dicky Andrian Nugraha, Amirullah Amirullah","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i1.61245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i1.61245","url":null,"abstract":"Nominal electricity rates always increase, so it is necessary to take steps to save electricity consumption. One of the steps to save electricity consumption is taken by implementing a remote electrical equipment control system based on the Smart Home Internet of Things (IoT) system. Besides being able to save money, IoT systems are also able to help simplify work and human activities. This research aims to implement Internet of Things (IoT) equipment to monitor, control, protect, and On/Off timers for household electrical appliances monitored by the Telegram application and 16×2 LCD. Monitored system parameters i.e. voltage, current, frequency, power, energy, and electricity rates for each device. Device hardware i.e. Arduino Uno, 1 Channel Relay, PZEM-004t Voltage Sensor, NodeMCU ESP8266, and Current Sensor (Current Transformer). The equipment has been successfully tested on 10 different household appliances i.e. charged cellphones, fans, charged laptops, solder, iron, fluorescent lamp 36 W, television (TV), set-top box (STB)-TV, printer, and 5 W bulb lamp. The results showed that the prototype is capable of monitoring, controlling, protecting, and On/Off timer settings as well as being able to be monitored from home electric appliances both near and far using the 16×2 LCD and the Telegram application, respectively. The sensor tool using the Telegram application is able to measure/monitor the parameters of voltage, current and frequency at 10 loads with an average error value of 0.32%, 12.83% and 0.1% respectively compared to measurements using a Multimeter. The IoT prototype is also able to provide more complete, faster (4-5 sec) monitoring, control, protection, timer On/Off parameters and superior performance compared to devices designed by a number of previous researchers.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"352 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73754739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.26418/elkha.v15i1.62095
S. Sungkono, Gillang Al Azhar, Adi Candra Kusuma, Syarifatul Izza
The Implementation of wheeled robot technology in the development of transportation vehicles makes them capable for operating automatically. In order to operate automatically, a vehicle requires stable control system which including motion kinematic algorithm where is developed in a robotic system. With the aim of being able to build an Unmanned Grounded Vehicle (UGV), in this study an UGV prototype was made in the form of a wheeled robot with Differential Drive Mobile Robot (DDMR) system. The robot is controlled by motion kinematic control algorithm and a trajectory tracking system that is used to get an estimate of the position caused by the robot’s movement, beside it made the robot can operate automatically. To support the performance of the control system, the robot prototype is added with a compass sensor which used as the wheel odometry sensor’s support. The process of combining wheel odometry and compass sensor data is carried out by using the sensor fusion algorithm, where the limit value for the RMS error for the position accuracy is not more than 0.15 meters. As the result of the trials, by adding a compass sensor and implementing sensor fusion algorithm is able to reduce the average RMS (Root Mean Square) error value of the motion accuracy into below 0.15 meters which previously worth 0.392 meters decreased into 0.075 meters.
{"title":"Differential Drive Mobile Robot Motion Accuracy Improvement with Odometry-Compass Sensor Fusion Implementation","authors":"S. Sungkono, Gillang Al Azhar, Adi Candra Kusuma, Syarifatul Izza","doi":"10.26418/elkha.v15i1.62095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26418/elkha.v15i1.62095","url":null,"abstract":"The Implementation of wheeled robot technology in the development of transportation vehicles makes them capable for operating automatically. In order to operate automatically, a vehicle requires stable control system which including motion kinematic algorithm where is developed in a robotic system. With the aim of being able to build an Unmanned Grounded Vehicle (UGV), in this study an UGV prototype was made in the form of a wheeled robot with Differential Drive Mobile Robot (DDMR) system. The robot is controlled by motion kinematic control algorithm and a trajectory tracking system that is used to get an estimate of the position caused by the robot’s movement, beside it made the robot can operate automatically. To support the performance of the control system, the robot prototype is added with a compass sensor which used as the wheel odometry sensor’s support. The process of combining wheel odometry and compass sensor data is carried out by using the sensor fusion algorithm, where the limit value for the RMS error for the position accuracy is not more than 0.15 meters. As the result of the trials, by adding a compass sensor and implementing sensor fusion algorithm is able to reduce the average RMS (Root Mean Square) error value of the motion accuracy into below 0.15 meters which previously worth 0.392 meters decreased into 0.075 meters.","PeriodicalId":32754,"journal":{"name":"Elkha Jurnal Teknik Elektro","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80973735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：