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2012 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)最新文献

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Measuring and modeling mobile phone charger energy consumption and environmental impact 测量和模拟手机充电器的能耗和环境影响
Pub Date : 2012-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2012.6214357
Mikko V. J. Heikkinen, J. Nurminen
This paper studies the electricity consumption of mobile phone chargers. The charger's electricity consumption varies depending on its state. We measured the electricity consumption of various phone and charger models in different states. We also did panel studies on the recharging behavior of smartphone users. Based on these and other sources, we are able to estimate mobile phone recharging electricity consumption, cost, and CO2 emissions both in Europe and in the USA. Our analysis shows that the actual recharging of batteries consumes only 40% of the total energy; the rest is wasted mainly by unnecessarily plugged-in chargers consuming 55% of the total energy.
本文对手机充电器的耗电量进行了研究。充电器的耗电量因其状态而异。我们测量了不同州的各种手机和充电器型号的用电量。我们还对智能手机用户的充电行为进行了小组研究。基于这些和其他来源,我们能够估算出欧洲和美国的手机充电电量消耗、成本和二氧化碳排放量。我们的分析表明,电池的实际充电只消耗总能量的40%;剩下的主要浪费在不必要插入的充电器上,消耗了总能量的55%。
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引用次数: 3
Performance evaluation of TCP in IEEE 802.16 networks IEEE 802.16网络中TCP的性能评估
Pub Date : 2012-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2012.6214309
Konstantinos G. Tsiknas, G. Stamatelos
An important application for the IEEE 802.16 technology (also called WiMAX) it to provide high-speed access to the Internet where the transmission control protocol (TCP) is the core transport protocol. In this paper we study through extensive simulation scenarios, the performance characteristics of five representative TCP schemes, namely TCP New Reno, Vegas, Veno, Westwood and BIC, in WiMAX networks, under the conditions of correlated wireless errors, asymmetric end-to-end capabilities and link congestion. The target is to evaluate how the above conditions would affect the TCP congestion control, and suggest the best schemes to be employed in WiMAX Networks.
IEEE 802.16技术(也称为WiMAX)的一个重要应用是提供高速访问Internet,其中传输控制协议(TCP)是核心传输协议。本文通过广泛的仿真场景,研究了WiMAX网络中TCP New Reno、Vegas、Veno、Westwood和BIC五种具有代表性的TCP方案在相关无线误差、端到端能力不对称和链路拥塞等条件下的性能特征。目的是评估上述条件对TCP拥塞控制的影响,并提出在WiMAX网络中采用的最佳方案。
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引用次数: 12
Self-interference aware MIMO filter design for non-regenerative multi-pair two-way relaying 非再生多对双向继电器自干扰感知MIMO滤波器设计
Pub Date : 2012-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2012.6214264
Holger Degenhardt, A. Klein
A multi-pair two-way relaying scenario with multi-antenna mobile stations is considered. The bidirectional communications between the mobile stations are supported by an intermediate non-regenerative multi-antenna relay station. It is assumed that the mobile stations can subtract the back-propagated self-interference. Different relay transceive filter design approaches which utilize the fact that the mobile stations can perform self-interference cancellation are introduced. First, a self-interference aware MMSE transceive filter is derived. Second, a multi-antenna MMSE extension of the zero-forcing block-diagonalization based approaches is proposed and an upper bound for these approaches is given. The proposed transceive filters require less antennas at the relay station and achieve higher sum rates compared to conventional relay transceive filter approaches which do not exploit the capability of the mobile stations to perform self-interference cancellation.
考虑了多天线移动站的多对双向中继方案。移动站之间的双向通信由中间非再生多天线中继站支持。假设移动台可以减去反向传播的自干扰。介绍了各种利用移动台自干扰消除的中继收发滤波器设计方法。首先,推导了一种自干扰感知MMSE收发滤波器。其次,提出了基于零强迫块对角化方法的多天线MMSE扩展,并给出了这些方法的上界。与传统的中继收发滤波器方法相比,所提出的收发滤波器需要更少的中继站天线,并实现更高的和速率,而传统的中继收发滤波器不利用移动站执行自干扰消除的能力。
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引用次数: 20
Enhanced MIMO subspace detection with interference cancellation 具有干扰抵消的增强MIMO子空间检测
Pub Date : 2012-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2012.6214254
Yejian Chen, S. Brink
A low-complexity detection algorithm is proposed for Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems with many transmit and receive antennas. We involve QR Decomposition (QRD) to triangularize the effective MIMO channel matrix so that several MIMO sub-systems can be individually established, which allow detecting several (possibly overlapping) groups of data streams separately. This method is referred to as MIMO Overlapped Subspace Detection (OSD). Further, we propose an OSD based non-iterative (i.e., without feedback from an outer channel decoder) Interference Cancellation (IC) approach where some streams are cancelled out as reliable interference. Link layer simulations for an 8×8 configuration show that this algorithm not only inherits the feature of OSD, yielding a scalable performance/complexity trade-off, but can also closely approach the MIMO ergodic capacity.
针对多输入多输出多接收天线系统,提出了一种低复杂度的检测算法。我们使用QR分解(QRD)来三角化有效的MIMO信道矩阵,以便可以单独建立多个MIMO子系统,从而可以分别检测多个(可能重叠的)数据流组。这种方法被称为MIMO重叠子空间检测(OSD)。此外,我们提出了一种基于OSD的非迭代(即,没有来自外部信道解码器的反馈)干扰抵消(IC)方法,其中一些流作为可靠干扰被抵消。对8×8配置的链路层仿真表明,该算法不仅继承了OSD的特性,产生了可扩展的性能/复杂性权衡,而且可以接近MIMO遍历容量。
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引用次数: 6
Concurrent spectrum sensing and data transmission scheme in a CR system CR系统中的并发频谱感知和数据传输方案
Pub Date : 2012-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2012.6213985
Woongsup Lee, D. Cho
We propose a spectrum-sensing and data-transmission scheme that utilizes multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) technology to enable the spectrum to be sensed and data to be transmitted simultaneously. By using our proposed scheme, the degradation of quality of service (QoS) that is caused by spectrum sensing can be reduced and the system throughput of a cognitive radio (CR) system can be increased, while the accuracy of the spectrum sensing is unaffected. Even the CR system transmits data during the spectrum sensing, the interference to a primary user which is caused by the CR system will not increase compared to a conventional scheme. We also analyze the performance of the proposed scheme in the presence of channel estimation errors. Through performance evaluations, we show that the proposed scheme can increase the throughput and QoS of CR systems.
我们提出了一种利用多输入多输出(MIMO)技术的频谱传感和数据传输方案,使频谱传感和数据传输同时进行。该方案在不影响频谱感知精度的前提下,降低了由频谱感知引起的服务质量(QoS)下降,提高了认知无线电(CR)系统的吞吐量。即使在频谱感知过程中CR系统也在传输数据,与传统方案相比,CR系统对主用户的干扰不会增加。我们还分析了在存在信道估计误差的情况下所提出的方案的性能。通过性能评估,我们证明了该方案可以提高CR系统的吞吐量和QoS。
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引用次数: 11
Secondary access based on sensing and primary ARQ feedback in spectrum sharing systems 频谱共享系统中基于传感和主ARQ反馈的二次接入
Pub Date : 2012-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2012.6214016
Doha Hamza, S. Aïssa
In the context of primary/secondary spectrum sharing, we propose a randomized secondary access strategy with access probabilities that are a function of both the primary automatic repeat request (ARQ) feedback and the spectrum sensing outcome. The primary terminal operates in a time slotted fashion and is active only when it has a packet to send. The primary receiver can send a positive acknowledgment (ACK) when the received packet is decoded correctly. Lack of ARQ feedback is interpreted as erroneous reception or inactivity. We call this the explicit ACK scheme. The primary receiver may also send a negative acknowledgment (NACK) when the packet is received in error. Lack of ARQ feedback is interpreted as an ACK or no-transmission. This is called the explicit NACK scheme. Under both schemes, when the primary feedback is interpreted as a NACK, the secondary user assumes that there will be retransmission in the next slot and accesses the channel with a certain probability. When the primary feedback is interpreted as an ACK, the secondary user accesses the channel with either one of two probabilities based on the sensing outcome. Under these settings, we find the three optimal access probabilities via maximizing the secondary throughput given a constraint on the primary throughput. We compare the performance of the explicit ACK and explicit NACK schemes and contrast them with schemes based on either sensing or primary ARQ feedback only.
在主次频谱共享的背景下,我们提出了一种随机的二次接入策略,其接入概率是主次自动重复请求(ARQ)反馈和频谱感知结果的函数。主终端以时隙方式运行,只有当它有数据包要发送时才活动。当接收到的数据包被正确解码时,主接收方可以发送一个积极的确认(ACK)。缺乏ARQ反馈被解释为错误接收或不活动。我们称之为显式ACK方案。当接收到错误的数据包时,主接收方也可以发送一个否定确认(NACK)。缺乏ARQ反馈被解释为ACK或不传输。这被称为显式NACK方案。在这两种方案中,当主反馈被解释为NACK时,从用户假设下一个时隙会有重传,并以一定的概率进入信道。当主反馈被解释为ACK时,辅助用户根据感知结果以两种概率中的一种访问通道。在这些设置下,我们通过在给定主吞吐量约束的情况下最大化辅助吞吐量来找到三个最优访问概率。我们比较了显式ACK和显式NACK方案的性能,并将它们与仅基于感知或主ARQ反馈的方案进行了对比。
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引用次数: 3
An efficient and versatile key management protocol for secure smart grid communications 一种高效、通用的安全智能电网通信密钥管理协议
Pub Date : 2012-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2012.6214081
Jung-Yoon Kim, Hyoung-kee Choi
Numerous entities in a smart grid network communicate with each other via unicast, multicast, and broadcast communications in order to enhance the efficiency, reliability, and intelligence of the power supply chain. This paper proposes an efficient and scalable key management protocol for secure unicast, multicast, and broadcast communications in a smart grid network. The proposed protocol is based on a binary tree approach, and supports all these three types of secure communications by using only one binary tree. The analysis and discussion show that the proposed protocol is versatile, and hence suitable for secure smart grid communications.
智能电网中的众多实体通过单播、多播和广播通信相互通信,以提高电力供应链的效率、可靠性和智能化。针对智能电网中单播、多播和广播通信的安全问题,提出了一种高效、可扩展的密钥管理协议。该协议基于二叉树方法,仅使用一棵二叉树就支持所有这三种类型的安全通信。分析和讨论表明,该协议具有通用性,适用于智能电网的安全通信。
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引用次数: 35
Mobile indoor location based on fractional differentiation 基于分数微分的移动室内定位
Pub Date : 2012-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2012.6214119
M. Dakkak, A. Nakib, B. Daachi, P. Siarry, J. Lemoine
While the static indoor location of a mobile terminal (MT) has been extensively studied on last decade, the prediction of the trajectory of a MT still is the major problem for building mobile location (tracking) systems (TSs). This problem is solved for outdoor TSs using global positioning system (GPS), however, it remains an essential obstacle to construct reliable indoor TSs. Different approaches were proposed in the literature, the most used is that based on prediction filters, such as linear filters (LF), Kalman filters (KF) and particle filters (PF). In this paper, we propose to enhance the performance of the predictors using digital fractional differentiation (DFD) to predict a MT trajectory. To illustrate the obtained results, three indoor trajectory scenarios inspired from real daily promenades are simulated (museum visit, hospital doctor walking and shopping in the market). Experimental results show a significant improvement of the performance of the classical predictors, particularly in noisy cases.
尽管近十年来人们对移动终端的室内静态定位进行了广泛的研究,但移动终端的运动轨迹预测仍然是构建移动定位(跟踪)系统的主要问题。利用全球定位系统(GPS)解决了室外TSs的这一问题,但它仍然是构建可靠的室内TSs的主要障碍。文献中提出了不同的方法,其中使用最多的是基于预测滤波器的方法,如线性滤波器(LF)、卡尔曼滤波器(KF)和粒子滤波器(PF)。在本文中,我们建议使用数字分数微分(DFD)来提高预测器的性能,以预测MT轨迹。为了说明所获得的结果,模拟了三个室内轨迹场景,这些场景的灵感来自于真实的日常散步(博物馆参观,医院医生散步和市场购物)。实验结果表明,经典预测器的性能有了显著提高,特别是在有噪声的情况下。
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引用次数: 4
Intra-site CoMP in LTE-A systems: An antenna-selection-based solution LTE-A系统中的站点内比较:基于天线选择的解决方案
Pub Date : 2012-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2012.6214487
B. Liao, Wen-Rong Wu, Hung-Tao Hsieh
It is known that in cellular systems, the users in cell edge suffer from the interference from interfering cells. In LTE-A, coordinated multi-point (CoMP) processing was proposed to solve the problem. In CoMP, the transmitted/received signals of the users in neighbor cells can be jointly processed such that interference can be either avoided or estimated as desired signals. In the current CoMP operations, precoding is only conducted between individual base-stations and the served user. If we take all the base-stations and the served user into consideration, a network multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system can be constructed. Precoding in such system will have better performance but require a high-dimension codebook which is not supported by current LTE-A systems. In this paper, we first propose a method to solve the problem. The idea is to use the antenna selection technique reducing the number of transmitted antennas such that the existing codebooks can still be used. Existing selection criteria for the maximum likelihood receivers often require sophisticated matrix operations such as QR-decomposition (QRD). Thus, the required computational complexity is high. We then propose some selection criteria without involving matrix operations. Simulations show that while the antenna-selection based precoding method can reduce the feedback overhead and at the same time improve the precoding performance. Also, the performance of the proposed low-complexity criteria is similar to that of the QRD-based criteria.
在蜂窝系统中,处于蜂窝边缘的用户受到干扰蜂窝的干扰。在LTE-A中,提出了协调多点(CoMP)处理方法来解决这个问题。在CoMP中,可以联合处理相邻小区中用户的发送/接收信号,从而可以避免干扰或估计为所需信号。在目前的CoMP操作中,预编码仅在单个基站和服务用户之间进行。如果考虑到所有的基站和服务用户,就可以构建一个网络多输入多输出(MIMO)系统。在这种系统中进行预编码将有更好的性能,但需要高维码本,这是目前LTE-A系统所不支持的。本文首先提出了一种解决这一问题的方法。这个想法是使用天线选择技术减少发射天线的数量,这样现有的密码本仍然可以使用。现有的最大似然接收机选择标准通常需要复杂的矩阵运算,如qr分解(QRD)。因此,所需的计算复杂度很高。然后,我们提出了一些不涉及矩阵运算的选择标准。仿真结果表明,基于天线选择的预编码方法在减少反馈开销的同时提高了预编码性能。此外,所提出的低复杂度标准的性能与基于qrd的标准相似。
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引用次数: 3
Multi-device service continuity with adaptive resources provisioning under ubiquitous network 泛在网络下自适应资源配置的多设备业务连续性
Pub Date : 2012-04-01 DOI: 10.1109/WCNC.2012.6214296
Jie Chang, Wen’an Zhou, Junde Song
The service continuity mechanism is to provide multimedia application with seamless multimedia experience over multiple networks (Wifi, 3G, Wimax, LTE) as well as multiple devices (mobile, PCs, PDA, Settop box) in ubiquitous network. However, most of the proposed approaches of service continuity are either not adaptive resources provisioning or based on a specific definition of context in ubiquitous network environment. This paper presents a multi-device service continuity with adaptive resources provisioning mechanism under ubiquitous network relying on IMS which helps perform service continuity according to user's contexts (such as preferences and habits), network context, service context and device context. The contribution of this paper is to propose: 1) service continuity scenario, architecture and requirements; 2) signaling flow of resource switching for the proposed scenario is proposed; 3) process of adaptive resources provisioning is put forward. Evaluation results show that the service continuity approach based on context-aware, multi-device coordination and adaptive resources provisioning process outperforms the traditional service continuity.
业务连续性机制是在泛在网络中,通过多个网络(Wifi、3G、Wimax、LTE)以及多个设备(手机、pc、PDA、机顶盒)为多媒体应用提供无缝的多媒体体验。然而,大多数提出的服务连续性方法要么不是自适应的资源配置,要么是基于泛在网络环境中上下文的特定定义。本文提出了一种基于IMS的泛在网络下具有自适应资源供应机制的多设备业务连续性方案,根据用户的环境(如偏好和习惯)、网络环境、服务环境和设备环境来实现业务连续性。本文的贡献在于提出:1)服务连续性场景、架构和需求;2)给出了建议场景下资源交换的信令流程;3)提出了适应性资源配置过程。评估结果表明,基于上下文感知、多设备协同和自适应资源发放流程的业务连续性方法优于传统的业务连续性方法。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
2012 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)
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