Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131206
X. Wang, B. Ooi
It is pointed out that one application of PWM (pulse width modulation) converters is in the DC transmission grid where the voltage source (boost) type converters can be connected in parallel, each converter being capable of reversing the roles of rectification/inversion on command. It is shown that the fairly large transformer leakage inductances of HVDC stations are sufficient for the proper operation of the voltage source converters. Fairly low carrier frequency can be used, assuring low switching losses.<>
{"title":"High voltage direct current transmission system based on voltage source converters","authors":"X. Wang, B. Ooi","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131206","url":null,"abstract":"It is pointed out that one application of PWM (pulse width modulation) converters is in the DC transmission grid where the voltage source (boost) type converters can be connected in parallel, each converter being capable of reversing the roles of rectification/inversion on command. It is shown that the fairly large transformer leakage inductances of HVDC stations are sufficient for the proper operation of the voltage source converters. Fairly low carrier frequency can be used, assuring low switching losses.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116047402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131187
K. Harada, H. Sakamoto
A novel snubber circuit for high-frequency PWM (pulse width modulations) DC-to-DC and DC-to-AC converters is presented. The snubber is a series circuit of a capacitor and a snubber switch which is connected across the main switch. The main switch and the snubber switch are switched alternately with a short dead time. The condition of zero-voltage switching is satisfied both in the main switch and the snubber switch by applying the switched snubber. The turn-off surge due to parasitic inductance in the circuit and the recovery of the diode are eliminated by the switched snubber without increasing the voltage stress and the conduction losses in the main switch.<>
{"title":"Switched snubber for high frequency switching","authors":"K. Harada, H. Sakamoto","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131187","url":null,"abstract":"A novel snubber circuit for high-frequency PWM (pulse width modulations) DC-to-DC and DC-to-AC converters is presented. The snubber is a series circuit of a capacitor and a snubber switch which is connected across the main switch. The main switch and the snubber switch are switched alternately with a short dead time. The condition of zero-voltage switching is satisfied both in the main switch and the snubber switch by applying the switched snubber. The turn-off surge due to parasitic inductance in the circuit and the recovery of the diode are eliminated by the switched snubber without increasing the voltage stress and the conduction losses in the main switch.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117141002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131244
S. Schulz, B. Cho, F. Lee
Aspects of integrating subsystems to form a high-performance distributed power system are addressed. Both intermediate bus and system input filters are designed for a two-stage conversion topology to minimize bus interaction and degradation of loop-gains. The effect of a nonideal source on system performance is determined. It is shown that the impedances at the interface bus provide all of the necessary information to determine the location of the integrated system eigenvalues. The system eigenvalues can be determined graphically using the impedance comparison technique. The technique is particularly useful for large-scale systems where analytical equations ar not available.<>
{"title":"Design considerations for a distributed power system","authors":"S. Schulz, B. Cho, F. Lee","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131244","url":null,"abstract":"Aspects of integrating subsystems to form a high-performance distributed power system are addressed. Both intermediate bus and system input filters are designed for a two-stage conversion topology to minimize bus interaction and degradation of loop-gains. The effect of a nonideal source on system performance is determined. It is shown that the impedances at the interface bus provide all of the necessary information to determine the location of the integrated system eigenvalues. The system eigenvalues can be determined graphically using the impedance comparison technique. The technique is particularly useful for large-scale systems where analytical equations ar not available.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128030413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131191
C. Tse, K. M. Adams
A simple adaptive control strategy is proposed for regulating the output voltage of a DC-to-DC converter operating in continuous mode. The algorithm is derived by perturbing an approximate large-signal equation around a 'varying' operating point. This differs from the usual practice of applying the perturbation technique around a fixed operating condition. In the algorithm, the control equation as well as the control parameter is constantly adjusted according to the environmental changes to meet the specified dynamical requirement. Simulation results are presented.<>
{"title":"An adaptive control for DC-to-DC converters","authors":"C. Tse, K. M. Adams","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131191","url":null,"abstract":"A simple adaptive control strategy is proposed for regulating the output voltage of a DC-to-DC converter operating in continuous mode. The algorithm is derived by perturbing an approximate large-signal equation around a 'varying' operating point. This differs from the usual practice of applying the perturbation technique around a fixed operating condition. In the algorithm, the control equation as well as the control parameter is constantly adjusted according to the environmental changes to meet the specified dynamical requirement. Simulation results are presented.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121959473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131189
R. Farrington, M. Jovanovic, F. Lee
The multi-resonant-switch concept is modified to provide constant-frequency operation. Complete DC analysis and designs of the constant frequency forward and half-bridge multi-resonant converters are presented. Different implementations for the half-bridge topology are discussed. The performances of a 50 W forward converter and a 100 W, offline, half-bridge converter are also presented. A significant constant improvement of the performance of the constant-frequency zero-voltage-switched multi-resonant converter is expected from the development of MOSFETs with very low on-resistance (synchronous rectifiers).<>
{"title":"Constant-frequency zero-voltage-switched multi-resonant converters: analysis, design, and experimental results","authors":"R. Farrington, M. Jovanovic, F. Lee","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131189","url":null,"abstract":"The multi-resonant-switch concept is modified to provide constant-frequency operation. Complete DC analysis and designs of the constant frequency forward and half-bridge multi-resonant converters are presented. Different implementations for the half-bridge topology are discussed. The performances of a 50 W forward converter and a 100 W, offline, half-bridge converter are also presented. A significant constant improvement of the performance of the constant-frequency zero-voltage-switched multi-resonant converter is expected from the development of MOSFETs with very low on-resistance (synchronous rectifiers).<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131287415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131264
I. Yamato, N. Tokunaga, Y. Matsuda, Y. Suzuki, H. Amaro
A power conversion system for a UPS (uninterruptible power supply) using a high-frequency link is described. The proposed UPS consists of a high-frequency inverter, a high-frequency transformer, and a cycloconverter with a new voltage clamper. The clamper effectively reduces the power loss of the conversion system. The voltage clamper gave an improved DC-AC conversion efficiency of about 10% more than when a conventional RC snubber was used. When source-commutation was used, DC-AC conversion efficiency was improved by about 5%. When the voltage clamper was used both DC-AC conversion efficiency and the output voltage characteristic without the automatic voltage regulator were improved to source commutation. Fabrication of a 10 kVA high-frequency-link DC-AC power converter is described and its loss reduction effect is demonstrated.<>
{"title":"High frequency link DC-AC converter for UPS with a new voltage clamper","authors":"I. Yamato, N. Tokunaga, Y. Matsuda, Y. Suzuki, H. Amaro","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131264","url":null,"abstract":"A power conversion system for a UPS (uninterruptible power supply) using a high-frequency link is described. The proposed UPS consists of a high-frequency inverter, a high-frequency transformer, and a cycloconverter with a new voltage clamper. The clamper effectively reduces the power loss of the conversion system. The voltage clamper gave an improved DC-AC conversion efficiency of about 10% more than when a conventional RC snubber was used. When source-commutation was used, DC-AC conversion efficiency was improved by about 5%. When the voltage clamper was used both DC-AC conversion efficiency and the output voltage characteristic without the automatic voltage regulator were improved to source commutation. Fabrication of a 10 kVA high-frequency-link DC-AC power converter is described and its loss reduction effect is demonstrated.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"253 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131960348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131178
K. Shenai
Accurate gate resistance measurement of advanced high-density power MOSFET technology is reported. Calorimetric gate power loss measurement using sinusoidal input signals shows that more than a fivefold reduction in gate resistance can be achieved by employing refractory metal/silicide gate and contact technologies. A further reduction in gate resistance was measured for power MOSFETs with integral Schottky diodes. A simple analysis is presented to relate power loss components to power FET die size and switching frequency. Using this formulation, a study of the output current-handling capability of a power device is made, and it is correlated with power conversion frequency. The results of this analysis, when applied to silicided power MOSFETs, suggest that gate silicidation can improve power-handling capability of a conventional power MOSFET by a factor of two. A reduction in gate resistance is shown to improve the maximum switching frequency. Silicidation of gate polysilicon is shown to improve the frequency bandwidth of a power MOSFET by more than a factor of five.<>
{"title":"Accurate characterization of gate resistance and high-frequency switching efficiency of a power MOSFET","authors":"K. Shenai","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131178","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate gate resistance measurement of advanced high-density power MOSFET technology is reported. Calorimetric gate power loss measurement using sinusoidal input signals shows that more than a fivefold reduction in gate resistance can be achieved by employing refractory metal/silicide gate and contact technologies. A further reduction in gate resistance was measured for power MOSFETs with integral Schottky diodes. A simple analysis is presented to relate power loss components to power FET die size and switching frequency. Using this formulation, a study of the output current-handling capability of a power device is made, and it is correlated with power conversion frequency. The results of this analysis, when applied to silicided power MOSFETs, suggest that gate silicidation can improve power-handling capability of a conventional power MOSFET by a factor of two. A reduction in gate resistance is shown to improve the maximum switching frequency. Silicidation of gate polysilicon is shown to improve the frequency bandwidth of a power MOSFET by more than a factor of five.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"87 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133783695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131245
D. Patterson
Two separate electrical system designs for a solar-powered vehicle built for a race across Australia in November 1987 are described. A third system for a second race in November 1990 is also described. The design of motors, motor controllers, DC-DC power converters, and maximum power point trackers (MPPTs) under a specialized set of criteria is discussed.<>
{"title":"Electrical system design for a solar powered vehicle","authors":"D. Patterson","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131245","url":null,"abstract":"Two separate electrical system designs for a solar-powered vehicle built for a race across Australia in November 1987 are described. A third system for a second race in November 1990 is also described. The design of motors, motor controllers, DC-DC power converters, and maximum power point trackers (MPPTs) under a specialized set of criteria is discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132616259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131188
K. Harada, H. Sakamoto
A novel method of high frequency switching is presented, where a small saturable inductor is used for the zero-voltage switching. The saturated conditions of the inductor is satisfied by the use of a PWM (pulse width modulation) controller with a saturable core or by the use of a saturable transformer with current feedback. The switching losses and the switching surges are reduced without increasing the conduction losses. Using this method, a DC-to-DC converter with 90% efficiency at a 1 MHz switching frequency was obtained.<>
{"title":"On the saturable inductor commutation for zero-voltage switching","authors":"K. Harada, H. Sakamoto","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131188","url":null,"abstract":"A novel method of high frequency switching is presented, where a small saturable inductor is used for the zero-voltage switching. The saturated conditions of the inductor is satisfied by the use of a PWM (pulse width modulation) controller with a saturable core or by the use of a saturable transformer with current feedback. The switching losses and the switching surges are reduced without increasing the conduction losses. Using this method, a DC-to-DC converter with 90% efficiency at a 1 MHz switching frequency was obtained.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116341400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131222
S. Vukosavic, L. Peric, E. Levi, V. Vučković
Sensorless control of the SR (switched-reluctance) motor is proposed in which the rotor positron is estimated from the freewheeling (tail) current. The analytical design and experimental verification of the proposed control structure are given. It is concluded that stabilization of the SR motor running without position sensor can be done by affecting the pulse frequency by the freewheeling (tail) current or the initial current slope in a cheap and effective way. Analysis of the experimental current waveform shows that freewheeling current feedback gives better results for high torques, while slope feedback performs better for low and negative torques. The control scheme employs freewheeling current feedback and varies the advance angle according to the load changes. The scheme was tested through measurements on an experimental drive and showed stable operation in the whole monitoring regime.<>
{"title":"Sensorless operation of the SR motor with constant dwell","authors":"S. Vukosavic, L. Peric, E. Levi, V. Vučković","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131222","url":null,"abstract":"Sensorless control of the SR (switched-reluctance) motor is proposed in which the rotor positron is estimated from the freewheeling (tail) current. The analytical design and experimental verification of the proposed control structure are given. It is concluded that stabilization of the SR motor running without position sensor can be done by affecting the pulse frequency by the freewheeling (tail) current or the initial current slope in a cheap and effective way. Analysis of the experimental current waveform shows that freewheeling current feedback gives better results for high torques, while slope feedback performs better for low and negative torques. The control scheme employs freewheeling current feedback and varies the advance angle according to the load changes. The scheme was tested through measurements on an experimental drive and showed stable operation in the whole monitoring regime.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134380603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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