Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131257
M. Darwish, P. Mehta
A new family of switched-capacitor (SC) circuits that can be used for a variety of applications is proposed. A typical circuit consists of several branches connected in parallel, each branch incorporating a capacitor in series with a semiconductor switch. The SC circuits are classified into three categories: (1) single-switch single-capacitor; (2) double-switched double-capacitor; and (3) triple-switch double-capacitor. Applications of these circuits, including reactive power control and active filters are presented.<>
{"title":"Switched-capacitor technique for power electronic applications","authors":"M. Darwish, P. Mehta","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131257","url":null,"abstract":"A new family of switched-capacitor (SC) circuits that can be used for a variety of applications is proposed. A typical circuit consists of several branches connected in parallel, each branch incorporating a capacitor in series with a semiconductor switch. The SC circuits are classified into three categories: (1) single-switch single-capacitor; (2) double-switched double-capacitor; and (3) triple-switch double-capacitor. Applications of these circuits, including reactive power control and active filters are presented.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"398 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134051475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131195
T. Ninomiya, M. Nakahara, T. Higashi, K. Harada
A general computer algorithm is presented for analyzing various resonant converters. Based on this algorithm an actual program is implemented for a personal computer. This program automatically determines the states of the converter and their sequence, and finds out its static and dynamic characteristics in a few iterations. As a result, a variety of resonant converters is investigated, including the standard type, the multiresonant type, and the class-E type, with respect to the effect of parasitic losses and the frequency response of the loop transfer function in the low-frequency region.<>
{"title":"Personal-computer-based analysis of resonant converters with parasitic element","authors":"T. Ninomiya, M. Nakahara, T. Higashi, K. Harada","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131195","url":null,"abstract":"A general computer algorithm is presented for analyzing various resonant converters. Based on this algorithm an actual program is implemented for a personal computer. This program automatically determines the states of the converter and their sequence, and finds out its static and dynamic characteristics in a few iterations. As a result, a variety of resonant converters is investigated, including the standard type, the multiresonant type, and the class-E type, with respect to the effect of parasitic losses and the frequency response of the loop transfer function in the low-frequency region.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131967720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131265
S. Vukosavic, L. Peric, E. Levi, V. Vučković
Inverters in UPS (uninterruptible power supply) systems feeding nonlinear or step-changing loads must be capable of providing good output-voltage-waveform quality in spite of all load and line disturbances. A switching algorithm applying output filter state feedback in order to control the output-voltage instantaneous value is presented. The algorithm requires a synchronous pulse-width modulator to be placed in the feedback loop. The modulator introduces nonlinearity, and special attention is paid to stability limits of the resulting nonlinear discrete-time system. Results are applicable to any converter controlled by the pulse-width modulator in the closed loop.<>
{"title":"Reduction of the output impedance of PWM inverters for uninterruptible power supply","authors":"S. Vukosavic, L. Peric, E. Levi, V. Vučković","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131265","url":null,"abstract":"Inverters in UPS (uninterruptible power supply) systems feeding nonlinear or step-changing loads must be capable of providing good output-voltage-waveform quality in spite of all load and line disturbances. A switching algorithm applying output filter state feedback in order to control the output-voltage instantaneous value is presented. The algorithm requires a synchronous pulse-width modulator to be placed in the feedback loop. The modulator introduces nonlinearity, and special attention is paid to stability limits of the resulting nonlinear discrete-time system. Results are applicable to any converter controlled by the pulse-width modulator in the closed loop.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115933690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131233
H. Nochi, H. Fujieda, T. Mizumura, T. Ryu, H. Tohya
A new type of isolating multi-output resonant power converter based on the full-wave current resonant technique is proposed. It is shown that a multi-output converter can be realized by controlling the frequency modulation and pulse width modulation independently of each other by using a single power MOSFET. It is found that a zero-current switching circuit must be specially built if the control range is to be broadened. The prototype model of the converter showed numerous advantages. For example, each output shows highly stable output voltage characteristics despite a wide input voltage range and changes in the output current. In addition, the efficiency of the converter in its entirety shows a high value. According to these results, this new multi-output converter has sufficient performance to be used in practical applications. The full-wave current resonant type was found to be most effective in the design of multi-output resonant converters.<>
{"title":"Full-wave current resonant multi-output converters","authors":"H. Nochi, H. Fujieda, T. Mizumura, T. Ryu, H. Tohya","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131233","url":null,"abstract":"A new type of isolating multi-output resonant power converter based on the full-wave current resonant technique is proposed. It is shown that a multi-output converter can be realized by controlling the frequency modulation and pulse width modulation independently of each other by using a single power MOSFET. It is found that a zero-current switching circuit must be specially built if the control range is to be broadened. The prototype model of the converter showed numerous advantages. For example, each output shows highly stable output voltage characteristics despite a wide input voltage range and changes in the output current. In addition, the efficiency of the converter in its entirety shows a high value. According to these results, this new multi-output converter has sufficient performance to be used in practical applications. The full-wave current resonant type was found to be most effective in the design of multi-output resonant converters.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124574054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131234
J. Sebastián, J. Uceda, M. Pérez, M. Rico, F. Aldana
A novel solution to the problem of obtaining an additional fully regulated output in zero current-switched quasi-resonant power converters (ZCS-QRCs) is presented. The solution consists of connecting low-power PWM (pulse width modulation) topology to the resonant switch and modulating the duty cycle (in addition to the switching frequency) in the power transistor. The PWM topology must have a transformer or a tapped-inductor to overcome a constraint between the output voltage gain in both outputs. The converter obtained has a nonzero-current-switching, but the increase in switching losses is very small if the power handled by the new output is much smaller than the one delivered by the main output.<>
{"title":"A very simple method to obtain one additional fully regulated output in zero-current-switched quasiresonant converters","authors":"J. Sebastián, J. Uceda, M. Pérez, M. Rico, F. Aldana","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131234","url":null,"abstract":"A novel solution to the problem of obtaining an additional fully regulated output in zero current-switched quasi-resonant power converters (ZCS-QRCs) is presented. The solution consists of connecting low-power PWM (pulse width modulation) topology to the resonant switch and modulating the duty cycle (in addition to the switching frequency) in the power transistor. The PWM topology must have a transformer or a tapped-inductor to overcome a constraint between the output voltage gain in both outputs. The converter obtained has a nonzero-current-switching, but the increase in switching losses is very small if the power handled by the new output is much smaller than the one delivered by the main output.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"18 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130381294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131180
K. Reinmuth, C.H. Xu
Circuit simulation was performed using a new power MOSFET model in order to investigate avalanche effects in such devices. Experimental measurements were also conducted and correlated with the simulation. It is shown that the avalanche effect taking place on the edge of the p-well can lead to destruction of the device and should be avoided, whereas the avalanche effect taking place at the bottom of the p-well is less critical. This effect can be alleviated by the circuit design, e.g. a Schottky diode at the input or a sufficient output current. However, the circuit designer must take into account that this avalanche mode causes additional losses, and a careful circuit design should avoid the avalanche effect.<>
{"title":"Experimental investigation, simulation and analyses of avalanche effects on power MOSFETs","authors":"K. Reinmuth, C.H. Xu","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131180","url":null,"abstract":"Circuit simulation was performed using a new power MOSFET model in order to investigate avalanche effects in such devices. Experimental measurements were also conducted and correlated with the simulation. It is shown that the avalanche effect taking place on the edge of the p-well can lead to destruction of the device and should be avoided, whereas the avalanche effect taking place at the bottom of the p-well is less critical. This effect can be alleviated by the circuit design, e.g. a Schottky diode at the input or a sufficient output current. However, the circuit designer must take into account that this avalanche mode causes additional losses, and a careful circuit design should avoid the avalanche effect.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128976886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131224
H. Hess, D. Divan
A novel method for extending the range of thyristor-based load-commutated inverters (LCIs) is proposed. Using conventional single- and three phase LCI topologies, voltage and current waveforms are generated containing a dominant higher-frequency (leading power factor) switching component. A lower-frequency load component is concurrently produced, enabling an LCI to supply lagging power factor and even DC loads. A state-space model is used to apply methods of optimal control in order to improve three-phase LCI operation. Both simulation and experimental results are presented.<>
{"title":"A method to extend the low frequency operation of load commutated inverters","authors":"H. Hess, D. Divan","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131224","url":null,"abstract":"A novel method for extending the range of thyristor-based load-commutated inverters (LCIs) is proposed. Using conventional single- and three phase LCI topologies, voltage and current waveforms are generated containing a dominant higher-frequency (leading power factor) switching component. A lower-frequency load component is concurrently produced, enabling an LCI to supply lagging power factor and even DC loads. A state-space model is used to apply methods of optimal control in order to improve three-phase LCI operation. Both simulation and experimental results are presented.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127095374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131169
W. Karl, S. Leeb, L. Jones, J. Kirtley, G. Verghese
A class of nonlinear filters with potential application in power electronics is considered. The class of filters is characterized by the inclusion of a sorting element in the signal path. The sorting operation allows these filters to suppress impulsive noise while preserving edges and monotonic sections of signals. They are generally simple to implement offline and should be included as an additional set of analysis tools for the power systems designer. Emphasis is placed on the median filter, since it is the most accessible filter of the class. A working knowledge of issues arising in design and implementation is developed.<>
{"title":"Applications of a class of nonlinear filters to problems in power electronics","authors":"W. Karl, S. Leeb, L. Jones, J. Kirtley, G. Verghese","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131169","url":null,"abstract":"A class of nonlinear filters with potential application in power electronics is considered. The class of filters is characterized by the inclusion of a sorting element in the signal path. The sorting operation allows these filters to suppress impulsive noise while preserving edges and monotonic sections of signals. They are generally simple to implement offline and should be included as an additional set of analysis tools for the power systems designer. Emphasis is placed on the median filter, since it is the most accessible filter of the class. A working knowledge of issues arising in design and implementation is developed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127605956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131203
K. Ramani, V. Sastry
The use of force-commutated current source converter to compensate for the reactive current in distribution networks is described. A 16 bit microcomputer controls the compensator to optimize the current drawn from the mains. Thus, the application of a reactive power compensator (RPC) to a load may allow addition of new loads to existing feeders or substations. It can provide for both lagging and leading reactive power, although the software in the present form mainly caters to lagging power factor loads. This RPC is suited to dynamic compensation of balanced three-phase loads.<>
{"title":"A three phase real-time optimal reactive power compensator","authors":"K. Ramani, V. Sastry","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131203","url":null,"abstract":"The use of force-commutated current source converter to compensate for the reactive current in distribution networks is described. A 16 bit microcomputer controls the compensator to optimize the current drawn from the mains. Thus, the application of a reactive power compensator (RPC) to a load may allow addition of new loads to existing feeders or substations. It can provide for both lagging and leading reactive power, although the software in the present form mainly caters to lagging power factor loads. This RPC is suited to dynamic compensation of balanced three-phase loads.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131028975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1990-06-11DOI: 10.1109/PESC.1990.131243
G. A. Franz, G. W. Ludwig, R. Steigerwald
A method for efficiently analyzing distributed power systems during the design process is presented. Individual DC-DC power converters are modeled by using averaged or device-level representations. The averaged models for basic power converter topologies are combined with behavioral models for the control loop. Simulation accuracies close to those for a full component-level model can be achieved with more than an order-of-magnitude reduction of the simulation time. The newly developed models are used for system-level simulation. System stability for fully distributed loads is readily determined for a number of power systems configurations.<>
{"title":"Modelling and simulation of distributed power systems","authors":"G. A. Franz, G. W. Ludwig, R. Steigerwald","doi":"10.1109/PESC.1990.131243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PESC.1990.131243","url":null,"abstract":"A method for efficiently analyzing distributed power systems during the design process is presented. Individual DC-DC power converters are modeled by using averaged or device-level representations. The averaged models for basic power converter topologies are combined with behavioral models for the control loop. Simulation accuracies close to those for a full component-level model can be achieved with more than an order-of-magnitude reduction of the simulation time. The newly developed models are used for system-level simulation. System stability for fully distributed loads is readily determined for a number of power systems configurations.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":330807,"journal":{"name":"21st Annual IEEE Conference on Power Electronics Specialists","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134265849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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