Pub Date : 2021-09-21DOI: 10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.170
Anuradha Singh, S. Patyal, V. Vasudev, V. Sharma, H. Trehan
Introduction: To study the ocular changes in patients on long term treatment with Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ); and detect means for early detection of toxicity.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study at a tertiary care hospital, in which 100 patients, male and female, aged 35 years or more, taking HCQ for 5 years or more were included. Patients with any known ocular or systemic diseases were not included. Indication, dosage, duration and cumulative dose of HCQ intake were recorded. History of ocular symptoms, visual acuity, colour vision, complete ophthalmic examination, visual field using Amsler grid and 10-2 Humphrey’s automated fields (HVF), Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT), colour fundus photography, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) were recorded. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis.Result: 15% of the study population showed signs of HCQ related ocular toxicity. 17%, 21% and 10% patients had abnormal SD-OCT, HVF and FAF findings respectively.Conclusion: HCQ related ocular toxicity has been found in patients in the absence of symptoms. Objective tests like HVF, SD- OCT and FAF were more useful in early detection of toxicity than subjective tests such as Amsler grid, colour vision and FFA.
{"title":"OCULAR CHANGES IN PATIENTS ON LONG TREATMENT WITH HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE","authors":"Anuradha Singh, S. Patyal, V. Vasudev, V. Sharma, H. Trehan","doi":"10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.170","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: To study the ocular changes in patients on long term treatment with Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ); and detect means for early detection of toxicity.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study at a tertiary care hospital, in which 100 patients, male and female, aged 35 years or more, taking HCQ for 5 years or more were included. Patients with any known ocular or systemic diseases were not included. Indication, dosage, duration and cumulative dose of HCQ intake were recorded. History of ocular symptoms, visual acuity, colour vision, complete ophthalmic examination, visual field using Amsler grid and 10-2 Humphrey’s automated fields (HVF), Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT), colour fundus photography, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) were recorded. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis.Result: 15% of the study population showed signs of HCQ related ocular toxicity. 17%, 21% and 10% patients had abnormal SD-OCT, HVF and FAF findings respectively.Conclusion: HCQ related ocular toxicity has been found in patients in the absence of symptoms. Objective tests like HVF, SD- OCT and FAF were more useful in early detection of toxicity than subjective tests such as Amsler grid, colour vision and FFA.","PeriodicalId":33128,"journal":{"name":"IJRETINA International Journal of Retina","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90604179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-21DOI: 10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.146
Marsha Alyssa Razief Fitri, A. Yudantha
Introduction: Vitreous hemorrhage is the presence of blood in the vitreous cavity. This condition could impair the visual function and hindered the clinician’s ability to examine the posterior segment of the eye. Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) not only act as a surgical treatment of choice but also diagnostic procedure. Immediate PPV has the advantage to optimalize visual acuity Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of vitreous hemorrhage patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy in Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia from January to December 2018 Result: There were 160 cases of vitreous hemorrhage cases undergoes pars plana vitrectomy in 2018. Most frequent etiology was proliferative diabetic retinopathy (49.4%). Rebleeding was found only in 8 cases within the period of three months follow up. Final visual acuity was improved in majority of the cases and found to be related to timing of the surgery. Conclusion: Early vitrectomy along with systemic control of underlying factors lead to improvement of visual acuity in vitreous hemorrhage.
{"title":"PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY FOR VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE IN CIPTOMANGUNKUSUMO HOSPITAL","authors":"Marsha Alyssa Razief Fitri, A. Yudantha","doi":"10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.146","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Vitreous hemorrhage is the presence of blood in the vitreous cavity. This condition could impair the visual function and hindered the clinician’s ability to examine the posterior segment of the eye. Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) not only act as a surgical treatment of choice but also diagnostic procedure. Immediate PPV has the advantage to optimalize visual acuity \u0000Methods: Retrospective descriptive study of vitreous hemorrhage patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy in Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia from January to December 2018 \u0000Result: There were 160 cases of vitreous hemorrhage cases undergoes pars plana vitrectomy in 2018. Most frequent etiology was proliferative diabetic retinopathy (49.4%). Rebleeding was found only in 8 cases within the period of three months follow up. Final visual acuity was improved in majority of the cases and found to be related to timing of the surgery. \u0000Conclusion: Early vitrectomy along with systemic control of underlying factors lead to improvement of visual acuity in vitreous hemorrhage. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":33128,"journal":{"name":"IJRETINA International Journal of Retina","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79816530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-21DOI: 10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.164
Melvina Nidya Sandra, Yumni Shabrina, T. W. Widayanti, Retno Ekantini, Agus Supartoto, M. B. Sasongko, S. Haryanto
Introduction: To evaluate whether the combination of diclofenac eye drops and bevacizumab intravitreal injection would provide additional benefits over bevacizumab alone in the treatment of naïve diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods: A total of 43 patients were enrolled consecutively and randomized into two groups to receive combination treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab and topical diclofenac (group 1) or bevacizumab alone (group 2). Group 1 patients received single bevacizumab intravitreal injection and got self-administered diclofenac eye drop four times daily for one month. Group 2 patients received single bevacizumab intravitreal injection alone. Outcome data were obtained from patient visits at baseline and at 1 month after bevacizumab intravitreal injection. All patients underwent measurement of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), a complete eye examination, and measurement of central macular thickness (CMT). Result: The mean reduction in CMT in the combination group was 130.42±32.57 µm (p<0.01), while in the bevacizumab alone group the reduction was 141.38±45.27 µm (p<0.01), there is no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.866). The mean improvement of BCVA was 0.32±0.10 log Mar in the combination group and 0.26±0.12 in group 2, there is no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.691). There was no adverse ocular event in the two groups. Conclusion: In patients with naïve DME, adding diclofenac eye drop as adjuvant of bevacizumab intravitreal injection are less likely to have a meaningful effect on reducing the central macular thickness. Keywords: Diabetic macular edema, NSAID, diclofenac, anti-VEGF, bevacizumab, central macular thickness
简介:评估双氯芬酸滴眼液和贝伐单抗玻璃体内注射联合治疗naïve糖尿病性黄斑水肿(DME)是否比贝伐单抗单独治疗更有益处。方法:连续纳入43例患者，随机分为两组，分别接受贝伐珠单抗玻璃体内联合双氯芬酸治疗(1组)和贝伐珠单抗单独治疗(2组)。1组患者接受单次贝伐珠单抗玻璃体内注射，同时自行给予双氯芬酸滴眼液，每日4次，连续1个月。2组患者单独接受单次贝伐单抗玻璃体内注射。结果数据来自基线和贝伐单抗玻璃体内注射后1个月的患者就诊。所有患者均接受最佳矫正视力(BCVA)测量、完整的眼部检查和黄斑中心厚度(CMT)测量。结果:联合用药组CMT平均减少量为130.42±32.57µm (p<0.01)，单用贝伐单抗组CMT平均减少量为141.38±45.27µm (p<0.01)，两组间差异无统计学意义(p=0.866)。联合治疗组BCVA平均改善率为0.32±0.10 log Mar, 2组平均改善率为0.26±0.12 log Mar，两组比较差异无统计学意义(p=0.691)。两组患者均未见眼部不良事件发生。结论:在naïve DME患者中，添加双氯芬酸滴眼液作为贝伐单抗玻璃体内注射的辅助剂，对降低中央黄斑厚度的效果不明显。关键词:糖尿病性黄斑水肿，非甾体抗炎药，双氯芬酸，抗vegf，贝伐单抗，中央黄斑厚度
{"title":"CENTRAL MACULAR THICKNESS AFTER COMBINED THERAPY OF BEVACIZUMAB INTRAVITREAL INJECTION AND TOPICAL DICLOFENAC COMPARED WITH BEVACIZUMAB INTRAVITREAL INJECTION ALONE IN DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA","authors":"Melvina Nidya Sandra, Yumni Shabrina, T. W. Widayanti, Retno Ekantini, Agus Supartoto, M. B. Sasongko, S. Haryanto","doi":"10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.164","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: To evaluate whether the combination of diclofenac eye drops and bevacizumab intravitreal injection would provide additional benefits over bevacizumab alone in the treatment of naïve diabetic macular edema (DME). \u0000Methods: A total of 43 patients were enrolled consecutively and randomized into two groups to receive combination treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab and topical diclofenac (group 1) or bevacizumab alone (group 2). Group 1 patients received single bevacizumab intravitreal injection and got self-administered diclofenac eye drop four times daily for one month. Group 2 patients received single bevacizumab intravitreal injection alone. Outcome data were obtained from patient visits at baseline and at 1 month after bevacizumab intravitreal injection. All patients underwent measurement of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), a complete eye examination, and measurement of central macular thickness (CMT). \u0000Result: The mean reduction in CMT in the combination group was 130.42±32.57 µm (p<0.01), while in the bevacizumab alone group the reduction was 141.38±45.27 µm (p<0.01), there is no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.866). The mean improvement of BCVA was 0.32±0.10 log Mar in the combination group and 0.26±0.12 in group 2, there is no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.691). There was no adverse ocular event in the two groups. \u0000Conclusion: In patients with naïve DME, adding diclofenac eye drop as adjuvant of bevacizumab intravitreal injection are less likely to have a meaningful effect on reducing the central macular thickness. \u0000Keywords: Diabetic macular edema, NSAID, diclofenac, anti-VEGF, bevacizumab, central macular thickness","PeriodicalId":33128,"journal":{"name":"IJRETINA International Journal of Retina","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77529408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-21DOI: 10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.161
Sindi Dwijayanti, Irawati Irfani, Susanti Natalya Sirait, Elsa Gustianty, Erwin Iskandar, R. A. Kartiwa
Introduction: Impaired blood flow is an early sign of retinal dysfunction in diabetes. Impaired blood flow of the radial peripapillary capillaries can affect the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL) or ganglion cell function. Methods: This was an analytic cross-sectional study in February-April 2019 at Bandung. The subjects of this study were 41 people (79 eyes) divided into two groups, group A (healthy subjects) 19 people (37 eyes) and group B (DM type 2 without diabetic retinopathy) 22 people (42 eyes). Peripapillary retinal perfusion was assesed using OCT Angiography and RNFL thickness was assesed using OCT. Pearson or Spearman correlation statistics test was used to analyze the result. P value ≤0.05 was consiedered significant. Results: There was a decrease in peripapillary retinal perfusion density in the inferior quadrant (P = 0.003) and flux index throughout the peripapillary retinal quadrant (P = 0.0001) but an increase in RNFL thickness in the peripapillary temporal quadrant (P = 0.012) compared to control grup. Positive correlation was found between peripapillary retinal perfusion density and RNFL thickness globally (r = 0.480, P = 0.001), superior quadrant (r = 0.436, P = 0.004), and inferior quadrant (r = 0.608, P = 0.000). A positive correlation was also found between the peripapillary flux and RNFL thickness globally (r = 0.517, P = 0.000), superior quadrant (r = 0.630, P = 0.000), and inferior quadrant (r = 0.519, P = 0.000). Conclusions: There was a relationship between peripapillary retinal perfusion and RNFL thickness in DM patients without diabetic retinopathy. Keywords: Peripapillary perfusion, RNFL thickness, Diabetes.
血流受损是糖尿病视网膜功能障碍的早期征兆。桡动脉乳头周围毛细血管血流受损可影响视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)或神经节细胞功能。方法:这是2019年2月至4月在万隆进行的一项分析横断面研究。本研究的受试者41人(79只眼)分为两组，A组(健康受试者)19人(37只眼)和B组(无糖尿病视网膜病变的2型糖尿病患者)22人(42只眼)。采用OCT血管造影评估乳头状周围视网膜灌注，采用OCT评估视网膜厚度，采用Pearson或Spearman相关统计检验分析结果。P值≤0.05为显著性。结果:与对照组相比，下象限乳头周围视网膜灌注密度降低(P = 0.003)，整个乳头周围视网膜象限的通量指数降低(P = 0.0001)，而乳头周围颞象限的RNFL厚度增加(P = 0.012)。整体、上象限(r = 0.436, P = 0.004)、下象限(r = 0.608, P = 0.000)与乳突周围视网膜灌注密度呈正相关。整体、上象限(r = 0.630, P = 0.000)、下象限(r = 0.519, P = 0.000)、乳头周围流量与RNFL厚度均呈正相关。结论:无糖尿病视网膜病变的DM患者乳头周围视网膜灌注与RNFL厚度之间存在相关性。关键词:乳头周围灌注，RNFL厚度，糖尿病。
{"title":"Relationship of Peripapillary Retinal Perfusion with Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Diabetes Mellitus Patients without Diabetic Retinopathy","authors":"Sindi Dwijayanti, Irawati Irfani, Susanti Natalya Sirait, Elsa Gustianty, Erwin Iskandar, R. A. Kartiwa","doi":"10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.161","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Impaired blood flow is an early sign of retinal dysfunction in diabetes. Impaired blood flow of the radial peripapillary capillaries can affect the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL) or ganglion cell function. \u0000Methods: This was an analytic cross-sectional study in February-April 2019 at Bandung. The subjects of this study were 41 people (79 eyes) divided into two groups, group A (healthy subjects) 19 people (37 eyes) and group B (DM type 2 without diabetic retinopathy) 22 people (42 eyes). Peripapillary retinal perfusion was assesed using OCT Angiography and RNFL thickness was assesed using OCT. Pearson or Spearman correlation statistics test was used to analyze the result. P value ≤0.05 was consiedered significant. \u0000Results: There was a decrease in peripapillary retinal perfusion density in the inferior quadrant (P = 0.003) and flux index throughout the peripapillary retinal quadrant (P = 0.0001) but an increase in RNFL thickness in the peripapillary temporal quadrant (P = 0.012) compared to control grup. Positive correlation was found between peripapillary retinal perfusion density and RNFL thickness globally (r = 0.480, P = 0.001), superior quadrant (r = 0.436, P = 0.004), and inferior quadrant (r = 0.608, P = 0.000). A positive correlation was also found between the peripapillary flux and RNFL thickness globally (r = 0.517, P = 0.000), superior quadrant (r = 0.630, P = 0.000), and inferior quadrant (r = 0.519, P = 0.000). \u0000Conclusions: There was a relationship between peripapillary retinal perfusion and RNFL thickness in DM patients without diabetic retinopathy. \u0000Keywords: Peripapillary perfusion, RNFL thickness, Diabetes.","PeriodicalId":33128,"journal":{"name":"IJRETINA International Journal of Retina","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75528104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-21DOI: 10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.168
Bobby Kristianto, Anak Agung Ayu Sukartini Djelantik, Ariani Andayani, Gusti Ayu Indah Triana Juliari, Anak Agung Mas Putrawati, N. M. A. Suryathi, G. R. Widiana
Introduction: To determine the difference in the quality of life and cognitive function in patients with and without AMD. Methods: This research is an observational analytic study, a prospective cross sectional study in the polyclinic of RSUP Sanglah, Denpasar. Result: Study samples’s total are 66 people selected by consecutive sampling with 33 people in the group with AMD, and 33 people in the group without AMD. The results of the study showed the average age of the group with AMD 68 years and the group without AMD 67 years old. Most of the male sex and residence in denpasar in both groups. Most AMD with the wet type by 60.6 %. On the measurement of quality of life, it showed decreasing in all subscale in the group with AMD compared to the group without AMD with total average 27.2 % and also decreasing in cognitive function measured by MMSE in the group of AMD compared to the group of non – AMD with 6.8%, even though the MMSE score of the groups are within normal limits. All these things stated significant differences (p<0.05) statistically. Conclusion: There are decreasing quality of life and cognitive function in AMD groupd compared to Non-AMD group which is needed more treatment and screening in the future.
{"title":"THE DIFFERENCE OF QUALITY OF LIFE AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH AND WITHOUT AGE-RELATED MACULA DEGENERATION (AMD)","authors":"Bobby Kristianto, Anak Agung Ayu Sukartini Djelantik, Ariani Andayani, Gusti Ayu Indah Triana Juliari, Anak Agung Mas Putrawati, N. M. A. Suryathi, G. R. Widiana","doi":"10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.168","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: To determine the difference in the quality of life and cognitive function in patients with and without AMD. \u0000Methods: This research is an observational analytic study, a prospective cross sectional study in the polyclinic of RSUP Sanglah, Denpasar. \u0000Result: Study samples’s total are 66 people selected by consecutive sampling with 33 people in the group with AMD, and 33 people in the group without AMD. The results of the study showed the average age of the group with AMD 68 years and the group without AMD 67 years old. Most of the male sex and residence in denpasar in both groups. Most AMD with the wet type by 60.6 %. On the measurement of quality of life, it showed decreasing in all subscale in the group with AMD compared to the group without AMD with total average 27.2 % and also decreasing in cognitive function measured by MMSE in the group of AMD compared to the group of non – AMD with 6.8%, even though the MMSE score of the groups are within normal limits. All these things stated significant differences (p<0.05) statistically. \u0000Conclusion: There are decreasing quality of life and cognitive function in AMD groupd compared to Non-AMD group which is needed more treatment and screening in the future.","PeriodicalId":33128,"journal":{"name":"IJRETINA International Journal of Retina","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79356991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-21DOI: 10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.165
Elluru Pandu Rangaiah, Madhavi Latha Gangisetty, S. K., Latha A, Meena Syed
Introduction: Hypertensive disorders complicate 5-10% in all pregnant and together form the deadly triad and hemorrhage and heart disease that contribute greatly to maternal morbidity or mortality. This study aims to identify retinal changes in pregnancy-induced hypertension and analyze the association between retinal changes and hypertension severity. Method: A total of 100 pregnant admitted with pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH) were included. Patients with pre-existing hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and renal diseases were excluded from the study. The vision, anterior segment, and Fundus were examined. Result: Higher number of PIH were recorded in the 21-30 years age group. Fifty-four pregnant women suffered from mild preeclampsia, 40 pregnant women with severe preeclampsia, and six pregnant women with eclampsia with seizures. 41% of pregnant had normal fundus, and 24% of pregnant had hypertensive retinopathy. Whereas grade 2,3, and 4 retinopathy was observed in 22%, 6%, and 2% of pregnant women. Two percent of pregnants had macular edema, and 3% had central serous retinopathy. No association was observed between the fundus findings with age/gravida. Whereas a significant positive correlation was observed between the fundus findings and hypertension severity (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Overall, 54% of pregnants were recorded with hypertensive retinopathy. A positive correlation was observed between fundus changes with the hypertension severity. This study reports the importance of routine fundus examination in pregnant with hypertension. Retinal change during pregnancy is an important indicator to decide the pregnancy termination or any other opt.
{"title":"A Study on Fundus changes in Pregnancy-induced hypertension: A Four-year Observation","authors":"Elluru Pandu Rangaiah, Madhavi Latha Gangisetty, S. K., Latha A, Meena Syed","doi":"10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.165","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hypertensive disorders complicate 5-10% in all pregnant and together form the deadly triad and hemorrhage and heart disease that contribute greatly to maternal morbidity or mortality. This study aims to identify retinal changes in pregnancy-induced hypertension and analyze the association between retinal changes and hypertension severity. \u0000Method: A total of 100 pregnant admitted with pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH) were included. Patients with pre-existing hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and renal diseases were excluded from the study. The vision, anterior segment, and Fundus were examined. \u0000Result: Higher number of PIH were recorded in the 21-30 years age group. Fifty-four pregnant women suffered from mild preeclampsia, 40 pregnant women with severe preeclampsia, and six pregnant women with eclampsia with seizures. 41% of pregnant had normal fundus, and 24% of pregnant had hypertensive retinopathy. Whereas grade 2,3, and 4 retinopathy was observed in 22%, 6%, and 2% of pregnant women. Two percent of pregnants had macular edema, and 3% had central serous retinopathy. No association was observed between the fundus findings with age/gravida. Whereas a significant positive correlation was observed between the fundus findings and hypertension severity (P < 0.001). \u0000Conclusion: Overall, 54% of pregnants were recorded with hypertensive retinopathy. A positive correlation was observed between fundus changes with the hypertension severity. This study reports the importance of routine fundus examination in pregnant with hypertension. Retinal change during pregnancy is an important indicator to decide the pregnancy termination or any other opt.","PeriodicalId":33128,"journal":{"name":"IJRETINA International Journal of Retina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82890804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-21DOI: 10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.162
Dorukcan Akıncıoğlu, M. Kucukevcilioglu, A. Durukan
Introduction: To evaluate whether posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) improves treatment outcomes.Methods:The medical records of treatment-naive patients followed up for a minimum of six months due to retinal vein occlusion between January 2007 and January 2016 were reviewed. Patients with initial PVD were excluded. Correlation analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to determine the relationship between categorical variables and treatment outcomes. A subgroup analysis (steroids vs anti-VEGFs) was also performed.Results: The study included 95 eyes of 95 patients with macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion. Patients in both groups [central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO)] were similar in terms of demographic data and showed similar improvement during the study. The patients who underwent intravitreal steroid injection (IVD or IVTA) were 12.35 times (95% CI: 4.03-37.85) more likely to develop PVD. The patients in steroid group had a statistically significantly high correlation with visual and anatomic improvements, especially after 5 months of follow-up. The median time of PVD was 5 months (2-11).Conclusion: Commonly used drugs in intravitreal pharmacotherapy induce PVD, which plays an important role for the treatment of underlying macular edema.
{"title":"The effect of posterior vitreous detachment induced by intravitreal injections on macular edema with retinal vein occlusion","authors":"Dorukcan Akıncıoğlu, M. Kucukevcilioglu, A. Durukan","doi":"10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.162","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: To evaluate whether posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) improves treatment outcomes.Methods:The medical records of treatment-naive patients followed up for a minimum of six months due to retinal vein occlusion between January 2007 and January 2016 were reviewed. Patients with initial PVD were excluded. Correlation analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to determine the relationship between categorical variables and treatment outcomes. A subgroup analysis (steroids vs anti-VEGFs) was also performed.Results: The study included 95 eyes of 95 patients with macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion. Patients in both groups [central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO)] were similar in terms of demographic data and showed similar improvement during the study. The patients who underwent intravitreal steroid injection (IVD or IVTA) were 12.35 times (95% CI: 4.03-37.85) more likely to develop PVD. The patients in steroid group had a statistically significantly high correlation with visual and anatomic improvements, especially after 5 months of follow-up. The median time of PVD was 5 months (2-11).Conclusion: Commonly used drugs in intravitreal pharmacotherapy induce PVD, which plays an important role for the treatment of underlying macular edema.","PeriodicalId":33128,"journal":{"name":"IJRETINA International Journal of Retina","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85045274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-21DOI: 10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.166
Madhurima Roy, Sangeeta Roy, A. Maiti, N. Yadav
A 59 years male presented with painless diminution of vision in right eye for 4 months. His vision was 20/100 in right eye and 20/30 in left eye. Fundus examination revealed epiretinal membrane in right eye with central macular thickness of 747 μm for which he underwent 25 guage pars plana vitrectomy. Intraoperatively after internal limiting membrane peeling, during removal of the pieces of the membrane from the forceps with the endoilluminator pipe, accidentally one blade from the tip of ILM peeling forceps broke. In this report, we describe first case of inadvertent intraoperative fracture of 25- gauge Grieshaber DSP End-Grasping ILM forceps in a case of ERM who underwent vitrectomy and removal of ERM with successful removal of fractured tip of ILM forceps.
{"title":"INTRAOPERATIVE BREAKAGE OF A REUSED 25 GAUGE ILM PEELING FÓRCEPS","authors":"Madhurima Roy, Sangeeta Roy, A. Maiti, N. Yadav","doi":"10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35479/ijretina.2021.vol004.iss002.166","url":null,"abstract":"A 59 years male presented with painless diminution of vision in right eye for 4 months. His vision was 20/100 in right eye and 20/30 in left eye. Fundus examination revealed epiretinal membrane in right eye with central macular thickness of 747 μm for which he underwent 25 guage pars plana vitrectomy. Intraoperatively after internal limiting membrane peeling, during removal of the pieces of the membrane from the forceps with the endoilluminator pipe, accidentally one blade from the tip of ILM peeling forceps broke. In this report, we describe first case of inadvertent intraoperative fracture of 25- gauge Grieshaber DSP End-Grasping ILM forceps in a case of ERM who underwent vitrectomy and removal of ERM with successful removal of fractured tip of ILM forceps.","PeriodicalId":33128,"journal":{"name":"IJRETINA International Journal of Retina","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90679547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-03DOI: 10.35479/ijretina.2020.vol003.iss002.105
Herman C. I. Themen, J. Toelsie, Jerrel C. Pawiroredjo, Dinesh Jiawan, R. Bipat
Introduction Macular Edema is a rather disabling condition that can be the consequence of several disorders of the eye. Most of the time it occurs in patients suffering from diabetic eye retinopathy. The exact pathophysiological mechanism of this condition is not clear, but it is probably the result of inflammatory processes or structural and mechanical disturbances of the vitreomacular tissue. Due to this obscure pathophysiological mechanism, a targeted efficient treatment is still lacking. However, accumulating evidence is suggesting that local application of insulin might reduce the structural and functional defects of this disorder. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of sequential applied benzalkonium chloride and Insulin eye drops on the visual acuity and central macular thickness of eyes suffering from macular edema. Methods Patients refractive to or refusing treatment with anti-VEGF agents were selected. Their visual acuity and central macular thickness were measured immediately before and until six months after treatment. The treatment consisted of twice a day application of specially prepared benzalkonium chloride and Insulin eye drops. Results are expressed as mean ± SD. The procedures followed were all in line with the guides for ethics of the hospital and were not in conflict with the declaration of Helsinki. Result After six months, the mean visual acuity increased significantly from 0.28±0.17 to 0.53±0.27 (p = 0.001) and the central macular thickness decreased from 393±122 µm to 250±72 µm (p = 0.0001). Conclusion Sequential applied benzalkonium chloride and insulin eye drops improve visual acuity and reduce central macular thickness in eyes suffering from macular edema. Further studies to elucidate the exact mechanism of action are necessary. Apart from this, the use of these drops may prove to be a cheaper and more efficient method to treat the rather disabling condition.
{"title":"Sequential applied Benzalkonium Chloride and Insulin Eye Drops Reduces Ocular Central Macular Thickness and Improves vision of Diabetics and Non-Diabetics","authors":"Herman C. I. Themen, J. Toelsie, Jerrel C. Pawiroredjo, Dinesh Jiawan, R. Bipat","doi":"10.35479/ijretina.2020.vol003.iss002.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35479/ijretina.2020.vol003.iss002.105","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction \u0000 Macular Edema is a rather disabling condition that can be the consequence of several disorders of the eye. Most of the time it occurs in patients suffering from diabetic eye retinopathy. The exact pathophysiological mechanism of this condition is not clear, but it is probably the result of inflammatory processes or structural and mechanical disturbances of the vitreomacular tissue. Due to this obscure pathophysiological mechanism, a targeted efficient treatment is still lacking. However, accumulating evidence is suggesting that local application of insulin might reduce the structural and functional defects of this disorder. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of sequential applied benzalkonium chloride and Insulin eye drops on the visual acuity and central macular thickness of eyes suffering from macular edema. \u0000Methods \u0000Patients refractive to or refusing treatment with anti-VEGF agents were selected. Their visual acuity and central macular thickness were measured immediately before and until six months after treatment. The treatment consisted of twice a day application of specially prepared benzalkonium chloride and Insulin eye drops. Results are expressed as mean ± SD. The procedures followed were all in line with the guides for ethics of the hospital and were not in conflict with the declaration of Helsinki. \u0000Result \u0000After six months, the mean visual acuity increased significantly from 0.28±0.17 to 0.53±0.27 (p = 0.001) and the central macular thickness decreased from 393±122 µm to 250±72 µm (p = 0.0001). \u0000Conclusion \u0000Sequential applied benzalkonium chloride and insulin eye drops improve visual acuity and reduce central macular thickness in eyes suffering from macular edema. Further studies to elucidate the exact mechanism of action are necessary. Apart from this, the use of these drops may prove to be a cheaper and more efficient method to treat the rather disabling condition.","PeriodicalId":33128,"journal":{"name":"IJRETINA International Journal of Retina","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81309053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-18DOI: 10.35479/ijretina.2019.vol002.iss002.95
Linda Susanti, Safaruddin Refa, Mirza Metita, N. Dewi
Introduction: To report a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who developed proliferative leukemic retinopathy with bilateral exudative retinal detachments and optic disc swelling. Case Report: A 11-year-old girl diagnosed with ALL-L2 on maintenance chemotherapy presented with severe blurred vision in both eyes for the past 1 year. Her visual acuity was 0,5/60 for both eyes. Slit-lamp examination of the anterior segment was found normal. Dilated fundus examination revealed tortuous retinal vessels, retinal haemorrhage, retinal and optic disc neovascularizations, optic disc with indistinct margins, and total retinal detachments in both eyes, as well as vitreous haemorrhage in the left eye. The ultrasonography examination revealed bilateral subretinal fluid. Discussion: The patient was diagnosed with bilateral proliferative leukemic retinopathy with exudative retinal detachments and infiltrative optic neuropathy, and left eye vitreous haemorrhage due to ALL. Conservative treatment was given. She continued the maintenance chemotherapy from pediatric department. After 2 months follow up, the visual acuity did not improve although retinal detachments were reduced. There were atrophic changes at the retina of her both eyes. Conclusion: It was reported a rare case of proliferative leukemic retinopathy with bilateral exudative retinal detachments and optic disc swelling. Early recognition and treatment is crucial to improve prognosis.
{"title":"PROLIFERATIVE LEUKEMIC RETINOPATHY WITH BILATERAL EXUDATIVE RETINAL DETACHMENTS AND OPTIC DISC SWELLING IN A PATIENT WITH ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA","authors":"Linda Susanti, Safaruddin Refa, Mirza Metita, N. Dewi","doi":"10.35479/ijretina.2019.vol002.iss002.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35479/ijretina.2019.vol002.iss002.95","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: To report a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who developed proliferative leukemic retinopathy with bilateral exudative retinal detachments and optic disc swelling. \u0000Case Report: A 11-year-old girl diagnosed with ALL-L2 on maintenance chemotherapy presented with severe blurred vision in both eyes for the past 1 year. Her visual acuity was 0,5/60 for both eyes. Slit-lamp examination of the anterior segment was found normal. Dilated fundus examination revealed tortuous retinal vessels, retinal haemorrhage, retinal and optic disc neovascularizations, optic disc with indistinct margins, and total retinal detachments in both eyes, as well as vitreous haemorrhage in the left eye. The ultrasonography examination revealed bilateral subretinal fluid. \u0000Discussion: The patient was diagnosed with bilateral proliferative leukemic retinopathy with exudative retinal detachments and infiltrative optic neuropathy, and left eye vitreous haemorrhage due to ALL. Conservative treatment was given. She continued the maintenance chemotherapy from pediatric department. After 2 months follow up, the visual acuity did not improve although retinal detachments were reduced. There were atrophic changes at the retina of her both eyes. \u0000Conclusion: It was reported a rare case of proliferative leukemic retinopathy with bilateral exudative retinal detachments and optic disc swelling. Early recognition and treatment is crucial to improve prognosis.","PeriodicalId":33128,"journal":{"name":"IJRETINA International Journal of Retina","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80083010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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