Pub Date : 2007-03-25DOI: 10.4288/KISORON1954.34.49
虎 小山
In this paper, I try to defend Presentism. First of all, I explore how Presentism diverges to its versions and show that none of them, which include the currently standard Presentism that invokes tense logic, are tenable. Next, I point out that some philosophers argue that by replacing the Quinean criterion of existence with the Truthmaker Principle, another version of Presentism, which invokes tensed properties, can emerges. However, this version has a highly implausible conclusion. Finally, I argue that it can be avoided by taking the evidences of the past or future truths to be typical truthmakers of them.
{"title":"現在主義・時制・Truthmaker","authors":"虎 小山","doi":"10.4288/KISORON1954.34.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4288/KISORON1954.34.49","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I try to defend Presentism. First of all, I explore how Presentism diverges to its versions and show that none of them, which include the currently standard Presentism that invokes tense logic, are tenable. Next, I point out that some philosophers argue that by replacing the Quinean criterion of existence with the Truthmaker Principle, another version of Presentism, which invokes tensed properties, can emerges. However, this version has a highly implausible conclusion. Finally, I argue that it can be avoided by taking the evidences of the past or future truths to be typical truthmakers of them.","PeriodicalId":331954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123492093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-03-25DOI: 10.4288/KISORON1954.34.1
Katsuhiko Sano, Y. Nakayama
This paper proposes a bimodal logic with an additional modality (called the irreflexive modality), which corresponds semantically to the intersection of the accessibility relation and the inequality. First, we show that we can define, within this framework, several properties that are undefinable in the unimodal language; irreflexivity is one of such properties. Second, with respect to the frame expressivity, we compare our language with the unimodal language and another bimodal language with the difference operator that is studied by de Rijke. Finally, we give a Hilbert-style axiomatization of our logic and prove that certain familiar modal systems, such as S4 and S5, enjoy Kripke completeness in our language.
{"title":"Bimodal Logic with the Irreflxive Modality","authors":"Katsuhiko Sano, Y. Nakayama","doi":"10.4288/KISORON1954.34.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4288/KISORON1954.34.1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a bimodal logic with an additional modality (called the irreflexive modality), which corresponds semantically to the intersection of the accessibility relation and the inequality. First, we show that we can define, within this framework, several properties that are undefinable in the unimodal language; irreflexivity is one of such properties. Second, with respect to the frame expressivity, we compare our language with the unimodal language and another bimodal language with the difference operator that is studied by de Rijke. Finally, we give a Hilbert-style axiomatization of our logic and prove that certain familiar modal systems, such as S4 and S5, enjoy Kripke completeness in our language.","PeriodicalId":331954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science","volume":"413 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122866418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2004-03-25DOI: 10.4288/KISORON1954.31.1
中根 美知代
{"title":"W.R.ハミルトンの自然観とエネルギー保存則","authors":"中根 美知代","doi":"10.4288/KISORON1954.31.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4288/KISORON1954.31.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":331954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134337677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Truths about Socrates : Presentism and the Grounding Problem","authors":"T. Sakon","doi":"10.4288/KISORON.41.1_37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4288/KISORON.41.1_37","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":331954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121874299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4288/KISORON.45.1-2_51
Masahide Yotsu
In this paper I attempt a new analysis of utterances that (implicitly) convey typicality or nontypicality, which have been regarded as cases of conversational implicatures since Grice’s classical analysis of them. Leading accounts of such utterances—Horn’s and Levinson’s—appear inadequate for a kind of them. I take it that utterances conveying typicality split up into two groups and they are different in their ways of generating a typicality implicature. And I regard utterances conveying nontypicality as more closely related with metalinguistic negation than Horn and
{"title":"On Utterances That Convey Typicality or Nontypicality","authors":"Masahide Yotsu","doi":"10.4288/KISORON.45.1-2_51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4288/KISORON.45.1-2_51","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper I attempt a new analysis of utterances that (implicitly) convey typicality or nontypicality, which have been regarded as cases of conversational implicatures since Grice’s classical analysis of them. Leading accounts of such utterances—Horn’s and Levinson’s—appear inadequate for a kind of them. I take it that utterances conveying typicality split up into two groups and they are different in their ways of generating a typicality implicature. And I regard utterances conveying nontypicality as more closely related with metalinguistic negation than Horn and","PeriodicalId":331954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122191756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Three Dimensions of : A Feature of Modern Ages of the Mind","authors":"Mikirou Zitukawa","doi":"10.4288/KISORON.38.2_55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4288/KISORON.38.2_55","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":331954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128292722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to draw a connection between organismic evolution and machine learning as recursive optimization processes. Optimization of complex systems presupposes certain forms or designs of the input-output functions. Recent literatures in evolutionary developmental biology have discussed various design features of the genotype-phenotype mapping, including neardecomposability, generative entrenchment, standardization, plasticity, canalization, and scaffolding as means to solve complex adaptive problems through recursive evolution. I point out similar problems and/or techniques exist in the machine learning literature, and sketch some common features in these two distinct fields.
{"title":"Design Problems in Life and AI","authors":"J. Otsuka","doi":"10.4288/kisoron.46.2_71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.46.2_71","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to draw a connection between organismic evolution and machine learning as recursive optimization processes. Optimization of complex systems presupposes certain forms or designs of the input-output functions. Recent literatures in evolutionary developmental biology have discussed various design features of the genotype-phenotype mapping, including neardecomposability, generative entrenchment, standardization, plasticity, canalization, and scaffolding as means to solve complex adaptive problems through recursive evolution. I point out similar problems and/or techniques exist in the machine learning literature, and sketch some common features in these two distinct fields.","PeriodicalId":331954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130365427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we discuss an uncertainty of mental concepts. In the application of mental concepts, we often face disagreement. For example, observing a behavior, some person judges he/she is sad, but others do not. Surprisingly, in his Last Writings on the Philosophy of Psychology , Wittgenstein says that there is an uncertainty of criteria in the mental concepts. In other words, he thinks disagreement in judgements about other’s mental state originates from conceptual di-mension rather than empirical dimension. (e.g., differences in context and information quantity) The goal of our study is to clarify why mental concepts have this kind of uncertainty.
{"title":"On Uncertainty of Mental Concepts: From the Viewpoint of Wittgenstein’s Philosophy of Psychology","authors":"Yuuki Tanida","doi":"10.4288/kisoron.49.1_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.49.1_1","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we discuss an uncertainty of mental concepts. In the application of mental concepts, we often face disagreement. For example, observing a behavior, some person judges he/she is sad, but others do not. Surprisingly, in his Last Writings on the Philosophy of Psychology , Wittgenstein says that there is an uncertainty of criteria in the mental concepts. In other words, he thinks disagreement in judgements about other’s mental state originates from conceptual di-mension rather than empirical dimension. (e.g., differences in context and information quantity) The goal of our study is to clarify why mental concepts have this kind of uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":331954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121645849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"大塚淳著『統計学を哲学する』書評","authors":"M. Matsuo","doi":"10.4288/kisoron.49.1_65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4288/kisoron.49.1_65","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":331954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127882491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Scientific Explanation and Pseudo-Scientific Explanation","authors":"K. Morita","doi":"10.4288/KISORON.39.1_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4288/KISORON.39.1_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":331954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Japan Association for Philosophy of Science","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127884363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：