Minozzi G, Martino C, Ianni A, Palazzo F, D. Mg, Polli M, Di Paolo G, Giammarino A, Martino G
Infection with Schmallenberg virus (SBV) causes congenital musculoskeletal and vertebral malformations as well as neurological failures in fetuses of several ruminant species. In this study 1038 sheep samples from 10 flocks in the provinces of Chieti, Teramo and Pescara in Italy have been tested for antibodies against SBV by ELISA test. The purpose of the study was to ascertain the extent of SBV infections in sheep in Italy. The results of the ELISA test identified at least one positive animal in 9 of the 10 sheep flocks tested, and a mean within-flock prevalence of 8.57%. Furthermore, large variability of positive animals between flocks was observed (0 and 42.5%). These results demonstrate that SBV was endemic in this region and there could be is a risk of novel SBV infections in the following lambing season, raising serious concerns about its so rapid and pervasive spread. *Correspondence to: Minozzi G, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy, Tel: +390250318035; E-mail: giulietta.minozzi@unimi.it
{"title":"Serosurvey of schmallenberg virus infection in sheep in Abruzzo, Italy: Short report","authors":"Minozzi G, Martino C, Ianni A, Palazzo F, D. Mg, Polli M, Di Paolo G, Giammarino A, Martino G","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000166","url":null,"abstract":"Infection with Schmallenberg virus (SBV) causes congenital musculoskeletal and vertebral malformations as well as neurological failures in fetuses of several ruminant species. In this study 1038 sheep samples from 10 flocks in the provinces of Chieti, Teramo and Pescara in Italy have been tested for antibodies against SBV by ELISA test. The purpose of the study was to ascertain the extent of SBV infections in sheep in Italy. The results of the ELISA test identified at least one positive animal in 9 of the 10 sheep flocks tested, and a mean within-flock prevalence of 8.57%. Furthermore, large variability of positive animals between flocks was observed (0 and 42.5%). These results demonstrate that SBV was endemic in this region and there could be is a risk of novel SBV infections in the following lambing season, raising serious concerns about its so rapid and pervasive spread. *Correspondence to: Minozzi G, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy, Tel: +390250318035; E-mail: giulietta.minozzi@unimi.it","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132370828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Three autogenous vaccine trials were carried out on farms where Mycoplasma bovis had been identified as a major pathogen. The first trial was carried on a veal farm in the Lombardia region of northern Italy. Vaccine, prepared by saponising an M bovis strain taken from the farm some months before, was given as single inoculation to 24 calves on arrival while 19 were left unvaccinated. Six months later calves were sent to the abattoir where lungs were examined for gross pathological lesions. The mean weight of the vaccinated group was higher though not significantly so and mean lesion scores were similar; however the percentage of vaccinated calves with severe lung lesions and pleuritis was lower than in the non vaccinates. A second trial was carried out in northern England on a farm where monthly batches of male calves from a nearby dairy herd were reared under a feedlot system. One group of 27 calves were vaccinated with a saponised strain of M bovis isolated from the lungs of a pneumonic calf on the farm prior to the start of the trial. A second batch of 25 calves was left unvaccinated. The groups of calves were monitored for nine months prior to slaughter and records kept of antibiotic usage and mortality. The mortality rates in the vaccinated calves were about 15% compared to 28% in unvaccinated calves; however there was no difference in the number of times calves were treated for respiratory disease. A third batch of calves, treated with oxytetracycline on arrival because a number were already showing respiratory signs, had a lower mortality rate and fewer subsequent treatments. A third trial was carried out on a milk veal unit in the Veneto region of Italy. A group of 19 calves were vaccinated on arrival with a saponised isolate taken earlier from the farm; a similar number of calves of the same batch were left unvaccinated. After 6 months animals were routinely processed at the abattoir and lungs inspected. Results showed that vaccinated calves had higher mean body weights and although similar mean lung scores there was a smaller percentage of vaccinated calves with severe lung lesions and pleuritis. *Correspondence to: Nicholas RAJ, The Oaks, Nutshell Lane, Farnham, Surrey, UK, E-mail: robin.nicholas@btinternet.com
在牛支原体被确定为主要病原体的农场进行了三次自体疫苗试验。第一次试验是在意大利北部伦巴第地区的一个小牛肉农场进行的。疫苗是将几个月前从农场提取的牛分枝杆菌菌株皂化后制成的，在24头小牛抵达时一次性接种，其余19头小牛未接种。六个月后，小牛被送到屠宰场，在那里检查肺部的大体病理病变。接种疫苗组的平均体重较高，但差异不显著，平均病变评分相似;然而，接种疫苗的小牛患严重肺部病变和胸膜炎的比例低于未接种疫苗的小牛。第二次试验是在英格兰北部的一个农场进行的，该农场在饲养场系统下饲养每月一批的来自附近奶牛群的雄性小牛。在试验开始前，一组27头小牛接种了从该农场一只患肺炎的小牛的肺中分离出来的皂化的牛分枝杆菌菌株。第二批25头小牛没有接种疫苗。屠宰前对犊牛组进行了9个月的监测，并保存了抗生素使用和死亡率的记录。接种疫苗的小牛死亡率约为15%，而未接种疫苗的小牛死亡率为28%;然而，小牛接受呼吸道疾病治疗的次数没有差异。第三批小牛在抵达时接受了土霉素治疗，因为一些小牛已经出现呼吸症状，死亡率较低，后续治疗也较少。第三次试验是在意大利威尼托地区的一个小牛肉单位进行的。一组19头小牛在抵达时接种了早些时候从农场提取的皂化分离物;同一批次中，同样数量的小牛没有接种疫苗。6个月后，动物在屠宰场进行常规处理并检查肺部。结果表明，接种疫苗的小牛平均体重较高，尽管平均肺评分相似，但接种疫苗的小牛中有严重肺部病变和胸膜炎的比例较小。*通信:Nicholas RAJ, The Oaks，果壳巷，法纳姆，萨里，英国，E-mail: robin.nicholas@btinternet.com
{"title":"Effects of an inactivated vaccine for bovine mycoplasmosis on calves naturally affected with Mycoplasma bovis","authors":"R. Nicholas, G. Loria, S. Catania, R. Piccinini","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000161","url":null,"abstract":"Three autogenous vaccine trials were carried out on farms where Mycoplasma bovis had been identified as a major pathogen. The first trial was carried on a veal farm in the Lombardia region of northern Italy. Vaccine, prepared by saponising an M bovis strain taken from the farm some months before, was given as single inoculation to 24 calves on arrival while 19 were left unvaccinated. Six months later calves were sent to the abattoir where lungs were examined for gross pathological lesions. The mean weight of the vaccinated group was higher though not significantly so and mean lesion scores were similar; however the percentage of vaccinated calves with severe lung lesions and pleuritis was lower than in the non vaccinates. A second trial was carried out in northern England on a farm where monthly batches of male calves from a nearby dairy herd were reared under a feedlot system. One group of 27 calves were vaccinated with a saponised strain of M bovis isolated from the lungs of a pneumonic calf on the farm prior to the start of the trial. A second batch of 25 calves was left unvaccinated. The groups of calves were monitored for nine months prior to slaughter and records kept of antibiotic usage and mortality. The mortality rates in the vaccinated calves were about 15% compared to 28% in unvaccinated calves; however there was no difference in the number of times calves were treated for respiratory disease. A third batch of calves, treated with oxytetracycline on arrival because a number were already showing respiratory signs, had a lower mortality rate and fewer subsequent treatments. A third trial was carried out on a milk veal unit in the Veneto region of Italy. A group of 19 calves were vaccinated on arrival with a saponised isolate taken earlier from the farm; a similar number of calves of the same batch were left unvaccinated. After 6 months animals were routinely processed at the abattoir and lungs inspected. Results showed that vaccinated calves had higher mean body weights and although similar mean lung scores there was a smaller percentage of vaccinated calves with severe lung lesions and pleuritis. *Correspondence to: Nicholas RAJ, The Oaks, Nutshell Lane, Farnham, Surrey, UK, E-mail: robin.nicholas@btinternet.com","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123672680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Directors of veterinary services in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan: Sampson Charles Jenkin Bennett (Assistant Director and Senior Research Officer 1936-1944), 1925-1944","authors":"R. T. Wilson","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134368370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fasciolosis, caused by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantic, is one the most prevalent helminthes infections of ruminants in different parts of the district. It is one of the most important parasitic diseases that hamper livestock production in Ethiopia. Fasciolosis in cattle is considered to be of a great economic importance by both species of Fasciola. In Ethiopia, there is still a gap for many potential sites of the country and information is not available to review country wide prevalence and economic significance. A cross-sectional study was conducted with the objective of; to determining the prevalence of bovine fasciolosis in Hirna and its surrounding in western Hararghe based on coprological examinations. A total of 384 faecal samples were collected from different sites of the district. The faecal examination shows that out of the examined animals, 75(19.5%) were positive for fasciolosis. Fasciolosis is a common parasitic disease in the study site which are swampy or marshy grazing areas, prevailing favorable condition for the survival of intermediate host, snail. The tenth study site (Awujemijim, Burahisa, Gara-Qufa, Gamachis, KiraKufiss, Libu-Dukeb, Kufa-Kass, Oda-Nagaya, Oda-Belina and Reketa-Fura) prevalence rate as determined from faecal examination indicates a higher Libu-Dukeb (37.83%) followed by Oda-Belina (31.25%) and lower in Kufa-Kass (9.09%) and Burahisa (8.33%). Statistical analysis of the coprological result was made on the basis of sex and age. The influence of age on the prevalence of fasciolosis was found nil (P > 0.05). The result of the study indicated that sex has significant difference (χ2= 8.71, P< 0.05) on the prevalence of fasciolosis. Based on selected site prevalence and local factors, appropriate control strategies pertinent to local situation have been designed and forwarded so as to reduce the disease problem on livestock production. *Correspondence to: Girma Y, Ministry of Agriculture, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Tel: 251912906079; E-mail: girmayeshibelay@gmail.com
{"title":"Study on the prevalence of bovine fasciolosis in hirna and its suroundings, western hararghe, Ethiopia","authors":"Girma Y, Delelegn M","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000158","url":null,"abstract":"Fasciolosis, caused by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantic, is one the most prevalent helminthes infections of ruminants in different parts of the district. It is one of the most important parasitic diseases that hamper livestock production in Ethiopia. Fasciolosis in cattle is considered to be of a great economic importance by both species of Fasciola. In Ethiopia, there is still a gap for many potential sites of the country and information is not available to review country wide prevalence and economic significance. A cross-sectional study was conducted with the objective of; to determining the prevalence of bovine fasciolosis in Hirna and its surrounding in western Hararghe based on coprological examinations. A total of 384 faecal samples were collected from different sites of the district. The faecal examination shows that out of the examined animals, 75(19.5%) were positive for fasciolosis. Fasciolosis is a common parasitic disease in the study site which are swampy or marshy grazing areas, prevailing favorable condition for the survival of intermediate host, snail. The tenth study site (Awujemijim, Burahisa, Gara-Qufa, Gamachis, KiraKufiss, Libu-Dukeb, Kufa-Kass, Oda-Nagaya, Oda-Belina and Reketa-Fura) prevalence rate as determined from faecal examination indicates a higher Libu-Dukeb (37.83%) followed by Oda-Belina (31.25%) and lower in Kufa-Kass (9.09%) and Burahisa (8.33%). Statistical analysis of the coprological result was made on the basis of sex and age. The influence of age on the prevalence of fasciolosis was found nil (P > 0.05). The result of the study indicated that sex has significant difference (χ2= 8.71, P< 0.05) on the prevalence of fasciolosis. Based on selected site prevalence and local factors, appropriate control strategies pertinent to local situation have been designed and forwarded so as to reduce the disease problem on livestock production. *Correspondence to: Girma Y, Ministry of Agriculture, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Tel: 251912906079; E-mail: girmayeshibelay@gmail.com","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127246931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marshall G. Miller, Donald E. Smith, B. Shukitt-Hale
Housing of laboratory animals has changed dramatically in the last 20 years; however, the effect of modern rodent housing on behavior has not been extensively evaluated and published findings are conflicting. In the present study, aged (19 mo) Sprague-Dawley rats were single-housed in either suspended wire-mesh cages or suspended plastic cages for two months. Thereafter, rats completed a battery of balance, coordination, and strength tests, including walking on a horizontal rod, planks of varying widths, and rotarod as well as clinging to an inclined screen and horizontal wire. Rats also completed a working memory task in the water maze. Following introduction to the rodent housing, plastic cage-housed rats initially lost body weight but returned to baseline when water was made available through an additional route. Although no pathologies were observed in the rats’ extremities, analysis of behavioral data showed that plastic-housed rats balanced significantly longer on medium and wide planks and were able to cling longer to an inclined screen. No housing effects were observed in results from the water maze. These findings support concerns that modernization of rodent housing may impact measures of both motor and ingestive behavior.
{"title":"Effects of housing on rodent behavior: Wire vs. solid plastic caging","authors":"Marshall G. Miller, Donald E. Smith, B. Shukitt-Hale","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000177","url":null,"abstract":"Housing of laboratory animals has changed dramatically in the last 20 years; however, the effect of modern rodent housing on behavior has not been extensively evaluated and published findings are conflicting. In the present study, aged (19 mo) Sprague-Dawley rats were single-housed in either suspended wire-mesh cages or suspended plastic cages for two months. Thereafter, rats completed a battery of balance, coordination, and strength tests, including walking on a horizontal rod, planks of varying widths, and rotarod as well as clinging to an inclined screen and horizontal wire. Rats also completed a working memory task in the water maze. Following introduction to the rodent housing, plastic cage-housed rats initially lost body weight but returned to baseline when water was made available through an additional route. Although no pathologies were observed in the rats’ extremities, analysis of behavioral data showed that plastic-housed rats balanced significantly longer on medium and wide planks and were able to cling longer to an inclined screen. No housing effects were observed in results from the water maze. These findings support concerns that modernization of rodent housing may impact measures of both motor and ingestive behavior.","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115309796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Iodine, an effective substance against the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Rezaeipuor Mohamad","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000190","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125117041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study evaluates external parasites in domestic dogs referred to veterinary clinics of Mazandaran Province (Northern Iran). The results of this study show that 110 Dogs (36.6%) infected with external parasites than among 52 Dogs (17.3%) infected with Rhipicephalus bursa . 41 dogs (13.6%) infected with Ctenocephalides canis and 17 dogs (5.6%) infected with both of Rhipicephalus bursa and Ctenocephalides canis . Considering the importance of external parasitic infection in domestic animals and the issue of public health, necessity of hygiene, prevention and control of these factors are very important.
{"title":"Study of external parasitic infection in domestic dogs referred to Mazandaran veterinary clinic (Northern Iran)","authors":"N. VahediNouri, A. Salehi, M. Masoumi, A. Mohsen","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000172","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates external parasites in domestic dogs referred to veterinary clinics of Mazandaran Province (Northern Iran). The results of this study show that 110 Dogs (36.6%) infected with external parasites than among 52 Dogs (17.3%) infected with Rhipicephalus bursa . 41 dogs (13.6%) infected with Ctenocephalides canis and 17 dogs (5.6%) infected with both of Rhipicephalus bursa and Ctenocephalides canis . Considering the importance of external parasitic infection in domestic animals and the issue of public health, necessity of hygiene, prevention and control of these factors are very important.","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133491929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was conducted to determine the concentrations of mineral substances calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in the thigh and breast muscle of broiler chicks after application of humic substances. Eighty-one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups of 20 animals. Group 1 (G1) was supplemented with 0.7% Humac Natur (HN), G2 with 0.7% Humac Natur Monogastric (HNM) and G3 with 0.5% HNM and control group (CG) received basal diet without any supplements. The samples of muscles were analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrometry method (AAS). The statistically significantly higher levels of Ca and Zn (p<0.01) were found in breast and thigh muscles in G1 in comparison to the CG. An addition of the 0.7% HNM in G2 caused the significantly higher levels of the Ca (p<0.05) and Zn (p<0.01) in both types of muscles in comparison to the CG. The addition of 0.7% HNM (p<0.05) and 0.5% HNM (p<0.01) in feed significantly reduced the amount of the Cu in the breast muscle versus the addition of 0.7% HN. Significantly lower Zn contents (p<0.01) were found in the breast and thigh muscle of broilers of CG in comparison to the G1 with addition of 0.7% HN. In the group G1 was achieved a strong positive correlation in the thigh muscle between the Mg and the Zn (r=0.9660) after application of 0.7% HN. According to the results, significant positive correlation between the Zn and the Mg (r=0.8187) in the breast muscle was observed in the group G2. In conclusion, HN and HMN can be considered a good additive with a positive impact on the nutrition value of poultry meat.
{"title":"Effect of humic substances on the mineral composition of chicken meat","authors":"M. Skalická, P. Nad, L. Bujňák, M. Hudák","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000168","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to determine the concentrations of mineral substances calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in the thigh and breast muscle of broiler chicks after application of humic substances. Eighty-one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups of 20 animals. Group 1 (G1) was supplemented with 0.7% Humac Natur (HN), G2 with 0.7% Humac Natur Monogastric (HNM) and G3 with 0.5% HNM and control group (CG) received basal diet without any supplements. The samples of muscles were analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrometry method (AAS). The statistically significantly higher levels of Ca and Zn (p<0.01) were found in breast and thigh muscles in G1 in comparison to the CG. An addition of the 0.7% HNM in G2 caused the significantly higher levels of the Ca (p<0.05) and Zn (p<0.01) in both types of muscles in comparison to the CG. The addition of 0.7% HNM (p<0.05) and 0.5% HNM (p<0.01) in feed significantly reduced the amount of the Cu in the breast muscle versus the addition of 0.7% HN. Significantly lower Zn contents (p<0.01) were found in the breast and thigh muscle of broilers of CG in comparison to the G1 with addition of 0.7% HN. In the group G1 was achieved a strong positive correlation in the thigh muscle between the Mg and the Zn (r=0.9660) after application of 0.7% HN. According to the results, significant positive correlation between the Zn and the Mg (r=0.8187) in the breast muscle was observed in the group G2. In conclusion, HN and HMN can be considered a good additive with a positive impact on the nutrition value of poultry meat.","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127782571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Harvima Rj, Halonen P, Pirinen E, Kolehmainen-Harvima Ks, Harvima It
An older of about 11-year-old Labrador retriever dog developed arthrosis especially in the right elbow with a traumatic loosened fragment that was removed in a small operation. The dog was treated first with conventional antiinflammatory drugs, e.g., paracetamol, paracetamol-codeine combination, meloxicam, and finally carprofen-tramadol combination. After these treatments failed to give an adequate response, 40-80 mg methylprednisolone was administered i.m. or s.c. at one to two-month intervals. Skin dermatitis with marked hair loss appeared with clinical appearance of impetigo-like purulent infection seen as multiple lesions. Therefore, cephalexin was administered orally for 4 weeks together with topical antimicrobial treatments with chlorhexidine. In addition, nodular itchy tumors developed. Skin biopsies taken both from areas of dermatitis and nodular lesions revealed marked skin calcification that was treated with oral tetracycline 500 mg bid for 2 months and thereafter 500 mg per day for another 2 months. The itch disappeared in 2 weeks, dermatitis in about 2-3 weeks, and nodular tumors disappeared, and the hair regrew in about 3 months after the end of tetracycline treatment.
{"title":"Successful treatment of iatrogenically developed cutaneous calci-fication by tetracycline in labrador retriever","authors":"Harvima Rj, Halonen P, Pirinen E, Kolehmainen-Harvima Ks, Harvima It","doi":"10.15761/AHDVS.1000180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/AHDVS.1000180","url":null,"abstract":"An older of about 11-year-old Labrador retriever dog developed arthrosis especially in the right elbow with a traumatic loosened fragment that was removed in a small operation. The dog was treated first with conventional antiinflammatory drugs, e.g., paracetamol, paracetamol-codeine combination, meloxicam, and finally carprofen-tramadol combination. After these treatments failed to give an adequate response, 40-80 mg methylprednisolone was administered i.m. or s.c. at one to two-month intervals. Skin dermatitis with marked hair loss appeared with clinical appearance of impetigo-like purulent infection seen as multiple lesions. Therefore, cephalexin was administered orally for 4 weeks together with topical antimicrobial treatments with chlorhexidine. In addition, nodular itchy tumors developed. Skin biopsies taken both from areas of dermatitis and nodular lesions revealed marked skin calcification that was treated with oral tetracycline 500 mg bid for 2 months and thereafter 500 mg per day for another 2 months. The itch disappeared in 2 weeks, dermatitis in about 2-3 weeks, and nodular tumors disappeared, and the hair regrew in about 3 months after the end of tetracycline treatment.","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132124193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to avoid ruminal acidosis, increasing the amount of energy supplied from roughage (high-cellulose diets) should be considered. The objective is to develop a novel in vitro procedure to evaluate the contribution of micropulverized roughage for which the nutritional value was increased. Ruminal bacteria collected from a Japanese shorthorn cow were continuously cultivated for over 60 days at pH 6.5 using artificial saliva and used to evaluate the nutritional value of 10 or 20 g of dried roughage. The digestion of roughage was monitored using a pH meter to detect the beginning and end of digestion, and the amounts of VFAs (i.e., acetic, propionic, and butyric acids) produced during the digestion were determined by HPLC. The nutritional value (mol-VFAs/kg-substrate; mean ± SE) of microcrystalline cellulose, Italian ryegrass silage, rice straw, alfalfa hay, and micropulverized Japanese cedar were 6.76 ± 0.25, 4.64 ± 0.10, 3.05 ± 0.20, 1.52 ± 0.09, and 0.88 ± 0.10 respectively. By micropulverizing rice straw to an average particle diameter of 20–50 μm, the value of this processed roughage was increased by 135% (4.11 ± 0.27). During cultivation, ruminal bacteria were observed to form biofilms on the surface of feed fragments. The micropulverized roughage became enveloped by these biofilms and was digested by the microbiota growing synergistically within. The digestible nutrients of 20g of roughage were completely digested by feed particleassociated bacteria within approximately 24 h. The microbiota constituted a cellulose metabolic pathway for the conversion of roughage to VFAs. The in vitro procedure measures the accessibility of cellulolytic bacteria to the cellulose of roughage and the amount of digestible cellulose contained in roughage. The procedure is suitable for evaluating the nutritional value of micropulverized roughage and will accelerate the development of it for use in animal feed. *Correspondence to: Hitosi Agematu, Akita National College of Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, Akita, Japan, Tel: +81-18-847-6063; Fax: +81-18-847-6066; E-mail: agematu@akita-nct.ac.jp
{"title":"An in vitro rumen-mimetic continuous cultivation system for evaluating the nutritional value of micropulverized roughage based on volatile fatty acid production","authors":"H. Agematu, Takehiko Takahashi, Y. Hamano","doi":"10.15761/ahdvs.1000154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/ahdvs.1000154","url":null,"abstract":"In order to avoid ruminal acidosis, increasing the amount of energy supplied from roughage (high-cellulose diets) should be considered. The objective is to develop a novel in vitro procedure to evaluate the contribution of micropulverized roughage for which the nutritional value was increased. Ruminal bacteria collected from a Japanese shorthorn cow were continuously cultivated for over 60 days at pH 6.5 using artificial saliva and used to evaluate the nutritional value of 10 or 20 g of dried roughage. The digestion of roughage was monitored using a pH meter to detect the beginning and end of digestion, and the amounts of VFAs (i.e., acetic, propionic, and butyric acids) produced during the digestion were determined by HPLC. The nutritional value (mol-VFAs/kg-substrate; mean ± SE) of microcrystalline cellulose, Italian ryegrass silage, rice straw, alfalfa hay, and micropulverized Japanese cedar were 6.76 ± 0.25, 4.64 ± 0.10, 3.05 ± 0.20, 1.52 ± 0.09, and 0.88 ± 0.10 respectively. By micropulverizing rice straw to an average particle diameter of 20–50 μm, the value of this processed roughage was increased by 135% (4.11 ± 0.27). During cultivation, ruminal bacteria were observed to form biofilms on the surface of feed fragments. The micropulverized roughage became enveloped by these biofilms and was digested by the microbiota growing synergistically within. The digestible nutrients of 20g of roughage were completely digested by feed particleassociated bacteria within approximately 24 h. The microbiota constituted a cellulose metabolic pathway for the conversion of roughage to VFAs. The in vitro procedure measures the accessibility of cellulolytic bacteria to the cellulose of roughage and the amount of digestible cellulose contained in roughage. The procedure is suitable for evaluating the nutritional value of micropulverized roughage and will accelerate the development of it for use in animal feed. *Correspondence to: Hitosi Agematu, Akita National College of Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, Akita, Japan, Tel: +81-18-847-6063; Fax: +81-18-847-6066; E-mail: agematu@akita-nct.ac.jp","PeriodicalId":332812,"journal":{"name":"Animal Husbandry, Dairy and Veterinary Science","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125343325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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