Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-4-52-61
A. Maslov
Background. The lithogeochemical features of fine-grained detrital rocks (mudstones, shales, and fine-grained siltstones) allow, with a certain degree of success, the main parameters of the formation of sedimentary sequences to be reconstructed. These parameters include (primarily in terms of their REE and Th systematics) the types of river systems supplying thin terrigenous suspension in the sedimentation area: the rivers of the 1st category – large rivers with a catchment area of more than 100,000 km2; 2nd category – rivers feeding on the products of erosion of sedimentary deposits; 3rd category – rivers draining mainly igneous and metamorphic rocks; and 4th category – rivers carrying erosion products of volcanic associations.Aim. To reveal, based on the analysis of interrelationships between such parameters as (La/Yb)N, Eu/Eu* and the Th content, the types of river systems that fed the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous deposits of the Shaim oil and gas region (OGR) (Sherkalinsky, Tyumen, Abalak and Mulymya formations) and the region of the North Pokachevsky field of the Shirotnoe Priobye region (Sherkalinsky, Tyumen and Bazhenov formations, Lower Cretaceous deposits).Materials and methods. The ICP MS data for almost 100 samples of mudstones and fine-grained clayey siltstones were used to analyse the features of distribution of lanthanides and Th in the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous clayey rocks of the Shaim OGR and the area of the North Pokachevsky deposits. Individual and average composition points for formations, members and layers were plotted on the (La/Yb)N-Eu/Eu*, (La/Yb)N–Th diagrams developed by us with classification areas of the composition of fine suspended material of modern rivers of different categories.Results and conclusion. The results presented in the article showed that during the formation of the deposits of the Shaim OGR in the Early and Middle Jurassic, erosion affected either mainly sedimentary formations or paleo-catchment areas that were very variegated in their rock composition. In the Late Jurassic, the source area was, most likely, a volcanic province, composed mainly of igneous rocks of the basic composition, and located within the Urals. This conclusion suggested that the transfer of clastic material from the Urals to the Urals part of the West Siberian basin “revived” much earlier than the Hauterivian. The Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous section of the vicinity of the North Pokachevsky field was almost entirely composed of thin aluminosilicaclastics formed due to the erosion of volcanic formations. These volcanic formations were located, as followed from the materials of earlier performed paleogeographic reconstructions, probably within the Altai-Sayan region or Northern Kazakhstan. Thus, the supply of detrital material in the considered territories of the West Siberian basin had a number of significant differences in the Jurassic and early Cretaceous.
{"title":"Types of river sources of the thin-grained aluminosilicaclastics for the Jurassic and lower cretaceous deposits of the West Siberian megabasin","authors":"A. Maslov","doi":"10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-4-52-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-4-52-61","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The lithogeochemical features of fine-grained detrital rocks (mudstones, shales, and fine-grained siltstones) allow, with a certain degree of success, the main parameters of the formation of sedimentary sequences to be reconstructed. These parameters include (primarily in terms of their REE and Th systematics) the types of river systems supplying thin terrigenous suspension in the sedimentation area: the rivers of the 1st category – large rivers with a catchment area of more than 100,000 km2; 2nd category – rivers feeding on the products of erosion of sedimentary deposits; 3rd category – rivers draining mainly igneous and metamorphic rocks; and 4th category – rivers carrying erosion products of volcanic associations.Aim. To reveal, based on the analysis of interrelationships between such parameters as (La/Yb)N, Eu/Eu* and the Th content, the types of river systems that fed the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous deposits of the Shaim oil and gas region (OGR) (Sherkalinsky, Tyumen, Abalak and Mulymya formations) and the region of the North Pokachevsky field of the Shirotnoe Priobye region (Sherkalinsky, Tyumen and Bazhenov formations, Lower Cretaceous deposits).Materials and methods. The ICP MS data for almost 100 samples of mudstones and fine-grained clayey siltstones were used to analyse the features of distribution of lanthanides and Th in the Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous clayey rocks of the Shaim OGR and the area of the North Pokachevsky deposits. Individual and average composition points for formations, members and layers were plotted on the (La/Yb)N-Eu/Eu*, (La/Yb)N–Th diagrams developed by us with classification areas of the composition of fine suspended material of modern rivers of different categories.Results and conclusion. The results presented in the article showed that during the formation of the deposits of the Shaim OGR in the Early and Middle Jurassic, erosion affected either mainly sedimentary formations or paleo-catchment areas that were very variegated in their rock composition. In the Late Jurassic, the source area was, most likely, a volcanic province, composed mainly of igneous rocks of the basic composition, and located within the Urals. This conclusion suggested that the transfer of clastic material from the Urals to the Urals part of the West Siberian basin “revived” much earlier than the Hauterivian. The Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous section of the vicinity of the North Pokachevsky field was almost entirely composed of thin aluminosilicaclastics formed due to the erosion of volcanic formations. These volcanic formations were located, as followed from the materials of earlier performed paleogeographic reconstructions, probably within the Altai-Sayan region or Northern Kazakhstan. Thus, the supply of detrital material in the considered territories of the West Siberian basin had a number of significant differences in the Jurassic and early Cretaceous.","PeriodicalId":33343,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Geologiia i razvedka","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78638865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-4-39-51
S. Guryanov
Background. The Anadyr depression has a marginal structure. It comprises four sub-regional elements. Disjunctive dislocations are widely developed within the area.Aim. To reconstruct the paleogeographic and litho-facies conditions of the formation of the Meso-Cenozoic sediments of the Anadyr depression. The reconstruction was performed by evaluating the initial data and developing paleogeographic and litho-facies maps. Data on the conditions of sediment formation in the study area, rich in hydrocarbon and mineral deposits, is essential from a practical standpoint.Materials and methods. Paleogeographic reconstructions of the Anadyr depression were performed based on an analysis of the sediment thickness and litho-facies composition of the relevant age. To build litho-facies maps, we used the data on the material composition of the Bering Sea sedimentary cover and adjacent areas, including well-drilling data, outcropping descriptions, thickness gradient analysis, seismic study results, etc.Results. In the course of the work, sedimentary environment maps were created. Litho-facies maps were developed for all four main sedimentary complexes of the Anadyr depression. Based on the generalised geological data and paleoreconstructions, we constructed forecasting schemes of the distribution of barrier formations in the study area.Conclusions. It was found that the formation of the sedimentary cover of the Anadyr depression took place mainly in shallow-water sedimentary environments. In addition, the depths of paleobasins did not overpass the internal relatively shallow marine shelf. Based on the analysis, two most probable reservoirs were selected. Regional fluid and potential seals were characterised.
{"title":"Paleogeographic and litho-facial conditions of meso-cenozoic sediment formation of the Anadyr depression","authors":"S. Guryanov","doi":"10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-4-39-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-4-39-51","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The Anadyr depression has a marginal structure. It comprises four sub-regional elements. Disjunctive dislocations are widely developed within the area.Aim. To reconstruct the paleogeographic and litho-facies conditions of the formation of the Meso-Cenozoic sediments of the Anadyr depression. The reconstruction was performed by evaluating the initial data and developing paleogeographic and litho-facies maps. Data on the conditions of sediment formation in the study area, rich in hydrocarbon and mineral deposits, is essential from a practical standpoint.Materials and methods. Paleogeographic reconstructions of the Anadyr depression were performed based on an analysis of the sediment thickness and litho-facies composition of the relevant age. To build litho-facies maps, we used the data on the material composition of the Bering Sea sedimentary cover and adjacent areas, including well-drilling data, outcropping descriptions, thickness gradient analysis, seismic study results, etc.Results. In the course of the work, sedimentary environment maps were created. Litho-facies maps were developed for all four main sedimentary complexes of the Anadyr depression. Based on the generalised geological data and paleoreconstructions, we constructed forecasting schemes of the distribution of barrier formations in the study area.Conclusions. It was found that the formation of the sedimentary cover of the Anadyr depression took place mainly in shallow-water sedimentary environments. In addition, the depths of paleobasins did not overpass the internal relatively shallow marine shelf. Based on the analysis, two most probable reservoirs were selected. Regional fluid and potential seals were characterised.","PeriodicalId":33343,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Geologiia i razvedka","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88456346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-30DOI: 10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-17-27
K. Ravelev, K. Vyatkin, P. Ilyushin
Background. Hydrochloric acid treatment is currently one of the main methods used for recovering and improving the reservoir properties of bottom-hole formation zones. In the process of acid treatment, during the reaction of the acid composition and the rock, highly conductive filtration channels are formed. The structure and shape of such channels characterise the treatment efficiency. As a result, much research attention is currently paid to predicting the formation of filtration channels and changes in the filtration characteristics of reservoirs with different properties and types of pore space.Aim. To study the factors that directly affect the formation of dissolution channels in core samples when simulating hydrochloric acid treatment of the bottom-hole zone of carbonate reservoirs on a filtration unit. The main objectives are to determine the significance of these factors and to establish dependencies reflecting their effect on the efficiency of technologies aimed at stimulating oil inflow.Materials and methods. We used the results of filtration and X-ray tomographic studies on core samples taken from the scientific base of the “Geology and Development of Oil and Gas Fields” Scientific and Educational Centre. The collection of rock samples is represented by various deposits confined to the oil and gas complexes of the Perm Territory.Results. The conducted analysis allowed us to identify the effect of various factors on the formation of highly conductive filtration channels during acid treatment. These factors were found to include the lithological and mineralogical composition and initial filtration parameters of core samples, as well as the type of pore structure. Dependences that characterise the efficiency of acid treatment were determined.Conclusions. The obtained results can be used when developing measures for the intensification of oil production, taking into account the revealed factors.
{"title":"Creation of high-conductive filtration channels in core samples when simulating acid exposure at a filtering unit","authors":"K. Ravelev, K. Vyatkin, P. Ilyushin","doi":"10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-17-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-17-27","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Hydrochloric acid treatment is currently one of the main methods used for recovering and improving the reservoir properties of bottom-hole formation zones. In the process of acid treatment, during the reaction of the acid composition and the rock, highly conductive filtration channels are formed. The structure and shape of such channels characterise the treatment efficiency. As a result, much research attention is currently paid to predicting the formation of filtration channels and changes in the filtration characteristics of reservoirs with different properties and types of pore space.Aim. To study the factors that directly affect the formation of dissolution channels in core samples when simulating hydrochloric acid treatment of the bottom-hole zone of carbonate reservoirs on a filtration unit. The main objectives are to determine the significance of these factors and to establish dependencies reflecting their effect on the efficiency of technologies aimed at stimulating oil inflow.Materials and methods. We used the results of filtration and X-ray tomographic studies on core samples taken from the scientific base of the “Geology and Development of Oil and Gas Fields” Scientific and Educational Centre. The collection of rock samples is represented by various deposits confined to the oil and gas complexes of the Perm Territory.Results. The conducted analysis allowed us to identify the effect of various factors on the formation of highly conductive filtration channels during acid treatment. These factors were found to include the lithological and mineralogical composition and initial filtration parameters of core samples, as well as the type of pore structure. Dependences that characterise the efficiency of acid treatment were determined.Conclusions. The obtained results can be used when developing measures for the intensification of oil production, taking into account the revealed factors.","PeriodicalId":33343,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Geologiia i razvedka","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76781477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-30DOI: 10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-57-66
A. I. Bakhtin, A. V. Mukhametshin, O. N. Lopatin, V. Valeev, V. Nuzhdin, R. Khaibullin
Background. High-dose implantation of cobalt ions into the crystal structure of natural colourless quartz was carried out. Samples of crystal plates of rock crystal from the Svetlinskoye deposit in the South Urals plane-parallel were studied. All samples were crystallographically oriented perpendicular to the symmetry axis of the third order. Cobalt implantation into quartz was carried out using an ILU-3 ion-beam accelerator along the С axis of symmetry.Aim. To determine the ranges of thermal annealing for a controlled change in the sample colour and to establish the crystal-chemical features of the changes occurring in quartz matrix due to ionbeam modification of mineral properties.Materials and methods. Implantation modes included: room temperature, residual vacuum 10–5 torr, radiation dose from 1.0×1017 to 1.5×1017 ion/cm2 at a constant ion current density of 10 μA/cm2. Post-implantation heat treatment was carried out in three stages. The control of crystallochemical changes was carried out using a highly sensitive spectrophotometer with a wide range of wavelengths.Results. It was found that the revealed absorption bands are associated with electronic transitions in cobalt ions (Со2+ and Со 3+) coordinated in the crystal matrix of implanted and heat-treated rock crystal. The formation of an independent ultradispersed spinel phase in the irradiated quartz matrix was confirmed. The newly formed phase belongs to a partially reversed cobalt spinel.Conclusions. Taking into account the quantum-optical properties of cobalt spinel (laser shutters), the method of ion-beam modification of mineral crystal structures, quartz in particular, is highly promising in terms of creating new composite materials based on natural and artificial mineral raw materials.
{"title":"Absorption spectra and crystal chemistry of quartz implanted with cobalt ions","authors":"A. I. Bakhtin, A. V. Mukhametshin, O. N. Lopatin, V. Valeev, V. Nuzhdin, R. Khaibullin","doi":"10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-57-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-57-66","url":null,"abstract":"Background. High-dose implantation of cobalt ions into the crystal structure of natural colourless quartz was carried out. Samples of crystal plates of rock crystal from the Svetlinskoye deposit in the South Urals plane-parallel were studied. All samples were crystallographically oriented perpendicular to the symmetry axis of the third order. Cobalt implantation into quartz was carried out using an ILU-3 ion-beam accelerator along the С axis of symmetry.Aim. To determine the ranges of thermal annealing for a controlled change in the sample colour and to establish the crystal-chemical features of the changes occurring in quartz matrix due to ionbeam modification of mineral properties.Materials and methods. Implantation modes included: room temperature, residual vacuum 10–5 torr, radiation dose from 1.0×1017 to 1.5×1017 ion/cm2 at a constant ion current density of 10 μA/cm2. Post-implantation heat treatment was carried out in three stages. The control of crystallochemical changes was carried out using a highly sensitive spectrophotometer with a wide range of wavelengths.Results. It was found that the revealed absorption bands are associated with electronic transitions in cobalt ions (Со2+ and Со 3+) coordinated in the crystal matrix of implanted and heat-treated rock crystal. The formation of an independent ultradispersed spinel phase in the irradiated quartz matrix was confirmed. The newly formed phase belongs to a partially reversed cobalt spinel.Conclusions. Taking into account the quantum-optical properties of cobalt spinel (laser shutters), the method of ion-beam modification of mineral crystal structures, quartz in particular, is highly promising in terms of creating new composite materials based on natural and artificial mineral raw materials.","PeriodicalId":33343,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Geologiia i razvedka","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90161670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-30DOI: 10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-91-99
V. Shuster, O. V. Tjukavkina, I. S. Permyakova, I. Kapitonova
Background. Additional exploration of oil and gas reserves requires the application of information technologies for modelling all technological processes and interpreting the results of geophysical well logging. Reliable models of the object under exploration and the use of best practices in the field of information systems reduce investment risks associated with planning exploration works, at the same time as optimizing the planning and design of the entire process of field development.Aim. Optimization of the selection process of multivolume, multiparameter logging data when modelling a complex oil reservoir at the stage of additional field exploration, grouping well data by quality, completeness and uniformity of their distribution over the study area, as well as identifying inaccuracies (errors) in the field data (registration of signals in probes, errors in measurements of directional survey, borehole picks, etc.).Materials and methods. Examples of well logging interpretation for a complex reservoir are given, along with its distribution options for a constructed lithology cube (2D, 3D) based on the data obtained during drilling from one pilot borehole – a horizontal well, a sidetrack and a directional well. It was established that the data obtained when distributing the reservoir and modelling the lithology cube of a complex development target can be significantly different for wells located close to each other. The results obtained when constructing 2D and 3D models by different specialists revealed discrepancies in the interpretation and cross-well correlation of well sections.Results. Local zones with a sharp change in the structure were established, in particular, the concentration of extrema around some wells. The presence of such anomalies points to the presence of wells, for which the values of stratigraphic depth marks for wells located close to each other are quite different. A geostatistical algorithm was applied to correct the well data using the “sliding window” method, which became a solution for the most accurate determination of the depths of the object under exploration.Conclusions. The possibility of using a geostatistical algorithm for correcting well data based on multiparameter geophysical data was assessed; the current state of modelling the processes of exploration and development of oil fields with a complex geological structure was analysed.
{"title":"Application of a geostatistical algorithm for correcting well logging data when modelling complex hydrocarbon deposits at the stage of additional field exploration","authors":"V. Shuster, O. V. Tjukavkina, I. S. Permyakova, I. Kapitonova","doi":"10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-91-99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-91-99","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Additional exploration of oil and gas reserves requires the application of information technologies for modelling all technological processes and interpreting the results of geophysical well logging. Reliable models of the object under exploration and the use of best practices in the field of information systems reduce investment risks associated with planning exploration works, at the same time as optimizing the planning and design of the entire process of field development.Aim. Optimization of the selection process of multivolume, multiparameter logging data when modelling a complex oil reservoir at the stage of additional field exploration, grouping well data by quality, completeness and uniformity of their distribution over the study area, as well as identifying inaccuracies (errors) in the field data (registration of signals in probes, errors in measurements of directional survey, borehole picks, etc.).Materials and methods. Examples of well logging interpretation for a complex reservoir are given, along with its distribution options for a constructed lithology cube (2D, 3D) based on the data obtained during drilling from one pilot borehole – a horizontal well, a sidetrack and a directional well. It was established that the data obtained when distributing the reservoir and modelling the lithology cube of a complex development target can be significantly different for wells located close to each other. The results obtained when constructing 2D and 3D models by different specialists revealed discrepancies in the interpretation and cross-well correlation of well sections.Results. Local zones with a sharp change in the structure were established, in particular, the concentration of extrema around some wells. The presence of such anomalies points to the presence of wells, for which the values of stratigraphic depth marks for wells located close to each other are quite different. A geostatistical algorithm was applied to correct the well data using the “sliding window” method, which became a solution for the most accurate determination of the depths of the object under exploration.Conclusions. The possibility of using a geostatistical algorithm for correcting well data based on multiparameter geophysical data was assessed; the current state of modelling the processes of exploration and development of oil fields with a complex geological structure was analysed.","PeriodicalId":33343,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Geologiia i razvedka","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76155890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-30DOI: 10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-67-76
A. Dorofeeva, S. Titkov
Background. Natural brown diamonds with fancy yellow, orange, red and green tints are valuable jewelry raw materials. Their colour is associated with post-crystallisation plastic deformation occurring during transportation from the mantle to the Earth’s surface.Aim. To study point defects in plastically deformed diamonds using optical and IR spectroscopy.Materials and methods. Faceted brown diamonds with fancy tints presented on the Russian market were studied spectroscopically. Selected samples were examined using UV-visible optical absorption spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy.Results. We discovered unusual optical centres in the absorption spectra of the UV-visible region. In addition, the known continuous absorption increasing from the red to the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, as well as the N3 and H3 nitrogen centres and a band at 550 nm, were revealed. In the spectra of yellowish-brown diamonds, the bands at 512.9 nm and 519.9 nm and an accompanying broad band with a maximum of 480 nm were found. The appearance of a yellowish tint of crystals was associated with these optical centres. The bands 506.5 nm, 516.1 nm and 679.7 nm were established in the spectrum of orange-brown diamond samples. An additional absorption continuum associated with single nitrogen atoms and centres (NV)– were observed in greenish-brown diamond samples. Their simultaneous presence causes the appearance of a greenish tint in the diamond colour.Conclusion. The information obtained using IR spectroscopy indicates that an intense brown colour can occur not only in the most common Ia type crystals according to the physical classification of diamonds, but also in relatively rare Ib + IaA type diamonds.
{"title":"Unusual optical centres in fancy brown diamonds","authors":"A. Dorofeeva, S. Titkov","doi":"10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-67-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-67-76","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Natural brown diamonds with fancy yellow, orange, red and green tints are valuable jewelry raw materials. Their colour is associated with post-crystallisation plastic deformation occurring during transportation from the mantle to the Earth’s surface.Aim. To study point defects in plastically deformed diamonds using optical and IR spectroscopy.Materials and methods. Faceted brown diamonds with fancy tints presented on the Russian market were studied spectroscopically. Selected samples were examined using UV-visible optical absorption spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy.Results. We discovered unusual optical centres in the absorption spectra of the UV-visible region. In addition, the known continuous absorption increasing from the red to the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, as well as the N3 and H3 nitrogen centres and a band at 550 nm, were revealed. In the spectra of yellowish-brown diamonds, the bands at 512.9 nm and 519.9 nm and an accompanying broad band with a maximum of 480 nm were found. The appearance of a yellowish tint of crystals was associated with these optical centres. The bands 506.5 nm, 516.1 nm and 679.7 nm were established in the spectrum of orange-brown diamond samples. An additional absorption continuum associated with single nitrogen atoms and centres (NV)– were observed in greenish-brown diamond samples. Their simultaneous presence causes the appearance of a greenish tint in the diamond colour.Conclusion. The information obtained using IR spectroscopy indicates that an intense brown colour can occur not only in the most common Ia type crystals according to the physical classification of diamonds, but also in relatively rare Ib + IaA type diamonds.","PeriodicalId":33343,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Geologiia i razvedka","volume":"56 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72430933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-30DOI: 10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-42-56
E. Lavrenova, S. Guryanov, V. Kerimov
Background. The issues of hydrocarbon (HC) forecasting and prospecting on sea shelves remain relevant. In this paper, an experience of assessing the hydrocarbon potential of the Bering Sea using the method of basin modelling is demonstrated.Aim. To assess the hydrocarbon potential of the Bering Sea and to identify prospective areas on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of factual data and the results of modelling sedimentary basins and hydrocarbon systems.Materials and methods. A large volume of geological and geophysical materials and the results of geochemical studies were analysed. Modelling was carried out based on factual data, which made it possible to design space-time digital models of sedimentary basins and hydrocarbon (HC) systems for the main horizons of oil and gas source rocks. Geochemical and lithological studies, as well as modelling, were performed using the Schlumberger PetroMod and QGIS software. A smallscale modelling of sedimentary basins and hydrocarbon systems of the region under study was conducted. In the process of preparing the input data for modelling, a number of necessary structural constructions, lithological-paleogeographic and paleodynamic reconstructions and other special studies were performed, which made it possible to determine the modelling boundary conditions.Results. The studied hydrocarbon systems of the Bering Sea differ in the area and size of the generation source, and consequently, in the volumes of generated hydrocarbons. The maximum specific (per unit area of the generation-accumulation hydrocarbon system (GAHS)) volumes of generated hydrocarbons are predicted in the Mainitsko-Sobolkovskaya GAHS of the East Anadyr depression, the Nikolaevskaya Mainitsko-Sobolkovskaya and Mainitsko-Sobolkovskaya of the Lagoon trough. However, even the most promising areas are attributed to the V category due to the low quality of kerogen and a low accumulation coefficient.Conclusion. In the water area of the Anadyr trough, prospective areas were identified. Two promising levels of oil and gas potential were determined. A quantitative assessment of the hydrocarbon potential of the GAHS was carried out.
{"title":"Assessment of the hydrocarbon potential of the Bering Sea","authors":"E. Lavrenova, S. Guryanov, V. Kerimov","doi":"10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-42-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-42-56","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The issues of hydrocarbon (HC) forecasting and prospecting on sea shelves remain relevant. In this paper, an experience of assessing the hydrocarbon potential of the Bering Sea using the method of basin modelling is demonstrated.Aim. To assess the hydrocarbon potential of the Bering Sea and to identify prospective areas on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of factual data and the results of modelling sedimentary basins and hydrocarbon systems.Materials and methods. A large volume of geological and geophysical materials and the results of geochemical studies were analysed. Modelling was carried out based on factual data, which made it possible to design space-time digital models of sedimentary basins and hydrocarbon (HC) systems for the main horizons of oil and gas source rocks. Geochemical and lithological studies, as well as modelling, were performed using the Schlumberger PetroMod and QGIS software. A smallscale modelling of sedimentary basins and hydrocarbon systems of the region under study was conducted. In the process of preparing the input data for modelling, a number of necessary structural constructions, lithological-paleogeographic and paleodynamic reconstructions and other special studies were performed, which made it possible to determine the modelling boundary conditions.Results. The studied hydrocarbon systems of the Bering Sea differ in the area and size of the generation source, and consequently, in the volumes of generated hydrocarbons. The maximum specific (per unit area of the generation-accumulation hydrocarbon system (GAHS)) volumes of generated hydrocarbons are predicted in the Mainitsko-Sobolkovskaya GAHS of the East Anadyr depression, the Nikolaevskaya Mainitsko-Sobolkovskaya and Mainitsko-Sobolkovskaya of the Lagoon trough. However, even the most promising areas are attributed to the V category due to the low quality of kerogen and a low accumulation coefficient.Conclusion. In the water area of the Anadyr trough, prospective areas were identified. Two promising levels of oil and gas potential were determined. A quantitative assessment of the hydrocarbon potential of the GAHS was carried out.","PeriodicalId":33343,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Geologiia i razvedka","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73024524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-30DOI: 10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-8-16
Shuxin Qiu, N. Kasyanova
Background. In terms of oil and gas, the territory of the Chezhen depression has been studied insufficiently compared to the neighbouring same-range depressions. These depressions complicate the first-order Jiyang depression, geographically coinciding with the largest Shengli hydrocarbon field. In recent years, much geological and geophysical information about the oil geologyof the Chezhen depression has been accumulated, which allows its prospecting oil and gas potential to be assessed.Aim. To reveal regular features of the geological structure and location of oil deposits in the Chezhen depression in order to support the prospecting and exploration work within the Chezhen block of the Shengli field.Materials and methods. A comprehensive analysis of literature data and collected materials was conducted. A historical and geodynamic study of the evolution of the studied area according to literature data was carried out, along with an analysis of the most recent geological and geophysical information and exploration data based on the materials of the “Shengli AKOO Sinopek” oil company. The analysis was based on the data from 52 drilling wells and the results of seismic surveys performed in the central part of the Chezhen depression.Results. Specific features of the block geological structure of the area under study were established, which formed under the repeated influence of large-scale horizontal tectonic movements occurring at different periods of geological history. The role of the most recent fault system in the modern spatial distribution of oil deposits was determined.Conclusions. Our studies demonstrate a great prospecting potential of the Chezhen depression territory, where the discovery of new industrial oil deposits can be expected.
{"title":"Features of the geological structure, tectonic development and oil and gas potential of the Chezhen depression (Bohai bay basin)","authors":"Shuxin Qiu, N. Kasyanova","doi":"10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-8-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-8-16","url":null,"abstract":"Background. In terms of oil and gas, the territory of the Chezhen depression has been studied insufficiently compared to the neighbouring same-range depressions. These depressions complicate the first-order Jiyang depression, geographically coinciding with the largest Shengli hydrocarbon field. In recent years, much geological and geophysical information about the oil geologyof the Chezhen depression has been accumulated, which allows its prospecting oil and gas potential to be assessed.Aim. To reveal regular features of the geological structure and location of oil deposits in the Chezhen depression in order to support the prospecting and exploration work within the Chezhen block of the Shengli field.Materials and methods. A comprehensive analysis of literature data and collected materials was conducted. A historical and geodynamic study of the evolution of the studied area according to literature data was carried out, along with an analysis of the most recent geological and geophysical information and exploration data based on the materials of the “Shengli AKOO Sinopek” oil company. The analysis was based on the data from 52 drilling wells and the results of seismic surveys performed in the central part of the Chezhen depression.Results. Specific features of the block geological structure of the area under study were established, which formed under the repeated influence of large-scale horizontal tectonic movements occurring at different periods of geological history. The role of the most recent fault system in the modern spatial distribution of oil deposits was determined.Conclusions. Our studies demonstrate a great prospecting potential of the Chezhen depression territory, where the discovery of new industrial oil deposits can be expected.","PeriodicalId":33343,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Geologiia i razvedka","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87231857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-30DOI: 10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-77-90
T. H. Phan, A. Petrov, M. Do, M. Lai, T. L. Nguyen
Background. The central regions of Vietnam are of strategic importance for the Republic, being, in fact, the gateway to the ASEAN countries. Investing in the exploration and evaluation of mineral resources, in particular ore minerals hidden at great depths, is a specific and necessary task for the country.Aim. To clarify the structural-tectonic scheme of the analysed area and to identify the main fault systems and zoning of the Central Vietnam area by the gravitational field based on classification algorithms.Materials and methods. The objectives were achieved by assessing the total gradient of the gravitational field, analysing the distribution of the field variance and the results of tracing the axes of the gravitational field anomaly. Interpretation processing of gravity data was carried out using the “COSCAD 3D” computer technology of statistical and spectral correlation data analysis.Results. The defined fault systems, which play an important role in the processes of mineral formation, have a northwestern, northeastern and latitudinal strike. The zoning of the study area according to the gravitational field, its characteristics and available geological information made it possible to identify 13 homogeneous areas. Each area is characterised by a certain level of gravitational field, the values of dispersion and total field gradient, as well as correlations between attributes. The classification results confirms the complexity of the geological structure of the area under study and the presence of three main strikes of the systems of tectonic dislocations – northwestern, northeastern and latitudinal.Conclusions. A large number of tectonic dislocations of various strikes and intensities, revealed using the methods of the probabilistic-statistical approach, implemented in the “COSCAD 3D” computer technology, indicates that the area under study is promising in terms of ore deposits.
{"title":"Geological structure of central Vietnam by interpretation processing of gravitational survey data using the “COSCAD 3D” computer technology","authors":"T. H. Phan, A. Petrov, M. Do, M. Lai, T. L. Nguyen","doi":"10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-77-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-77-90","url":null,"abstract":"Background. The central regions of Vietnam are of strategic importance for the Republic, being, in fact, the gateway to the ASEAN countries. Investing in the exploration and evaluation of mineral resources, in particular ore minerals hidden at great depths, is a specific and necessary task for the country.Aim. To clarify the structural-tectonic scheme of the analysed area and to identify the main fault systems and zoning of the Central Vietnam area by the gravitational field based on classification algorithms.Materials and methods. The objectives were achieved by assessing the total gradient of the gravitational field, analysing the distribution of the field variance and the results of tracing the axes of the gravitational field anomaly. Interpretation processing of gravity data was carried out using the “COSCAD 3D” computer technology of statistical and spectral correlation data analysis.Results. The defined fault systems, which play an important role in the processes of mineral formation, have a northwestern, northeastern and latitudinal strike. The zoning of the study area according to the gravitational field, its characteristics and available geological information made it possible to identify 13 homogeneous areas. Each area is characterised by a certain level of gravitational field, the values of dispersion and total field gradient, as well as correlations between attributes. The classification results confirms the complexity of the geological structure of the area under study and the presence of three main strikes of the systems of tectonic dislocations – northwestern, northeastern and latitudinal.Conclusions. A large number of tectonic dislocations of various strikes and intensities, revealed using the methods of the probabilistic-statistical approach, implemented in the “COSCAD 3D” computer technology, indicates that the area under study is promising in terms of ore deposits.","PeriodicalId":33343,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Geologiia i razvedka","volume":"189 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77947320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-30DOI: 10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-28-41
A. Shakhverdiev, S. Arefyev, A. A. Polishchuk, B. P. Vaynerman, R. Yunusov, A. Denisov
Background. In the Russian Federation, as well as in many other oil and gas producing countries, waterflooding technology is frequently used as a secondary method of oil production. This technology is aimed, on the one hand, at reservoir pressure maintenance (RPM), and, on the other, at enhancing oil recovery and intensifying oil production. The negative consequences of non-stationary waterflooding can be the premature watering of the produced wells and the imbalance of the reservoir pressure maintenance system, as well as the formation of stagnant and weakly drained zones of the reservoir with residual reserves of hard-to-recover oil.Aim. To improve the efficiency of non-stationary waterflooding under the conditions of high geological and anthropogenic heterogeneity of oil and gas reservoirs in a floating oil reservoir propped up by edge and bottom waters.Materials and methods. We used geological and field information collected on the site of the AB1-2 development object of the Kechimovskoye field in the Western Siberian region. A new methodological approach to optimizing the process of non-stationary waterflooding under complicated conditions of geological and anthropogenic heterogeneity is proposed, including the construction of an improved geological model and the solution of a number of experimental problems using the Hurst method, the Pareto distribution principle and the theory of catastrophes.Results. Using a new version of the geological model of the area of the AB1-2 development object of the Kechimovskoye field and the available geological and field information, we clarified the position of the oil-water contact (OWC) and the correlation of the well section, taking into account the working intervals of production and injection wells. Geological and technical measures were formulated to improve the efficiency of the object under development.Conclusions. An effective development of the geologically complex AB1-2object of the Kechimovskoye field is impossible without updating its geological model. Such updating should be aimed at determining the location of residual reserves in the area and section of the reservoirs, identifying the regularities of the mechanism of oil reserve recovery, assessing the efficiency of the reservoir pressure maintenance system, and developing complex geological-technological measures for achieving the approved value of the final oil recovery factor. The expected efficiency of the proposed optimization methodology provides for additional oil production, a reduction in the flow rate of injected and withdrawal of produced water.
{"title":"Updating a reservoir geological model in order to optimize waterflooding when extracting residual oil reserves from stagnant zones","authors":"A. Shakhverdiev, S. Arefyev, A. A. Polishchuk, B. P. Vaynerman, R. Yunusov, A. Denisov","doi":"10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-28-41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32454/0016-7762-2020-63-5-28-41","url":null,"abstract":"Background. In the Russian Federation, as well as in many other oil and gas producing countries, waterflooding technology is frequently used as a secondary method of oil production. This technology is aimed, on the one hand, at reservoir pressure maintenance (RPM), and, on the other, at enhancing oil recovery and intensifying oil production. The negative consequences of non-stationary waterflooding can be the premature watering of the produced wells and the imbalance of the reservoir pressure maintenance system, as well as the formation of stagnant and weakly drained zones of the reservoir with residual reserves of hard-to-recover oil.Aim. To improve the efficiency of non-stationary waterflooding under the conditions of high geological and anthropogenic heterogeneity of oil and gas reservoirs in a floating oil reservoir propped up by edge and bottom waters.Materials and methods. We used geological and field information collected on the site of the AB1-2 development object of the Kechimovskoye field in the Western Siberian region. A new methodological approach to optimizing the process of non-stationary waterflooding under complicated conditions of geological and anthropogenic heterogeneity is proposed, including the construction of an improved geological model and the solution of a number of experimental problems using the Hurst method, the Pareto distribution principle and the theory of catastrophes.Results. Using a new version of the geological model of the area of the AB1-2 development object of the Kechimovskoye field and the available geological and field information, we clarified the position of the oil-water contact (OWC) and the correlation of the well section, taking into account the working intervals of production and injection wells. Geological and technical measures were formulated to improve the efficiency of the object under development.Conclusions. An effective development of the geologically complex AB1-2object of the Kechimovskoye field is impossible without updating its geological model. Such updating should be aimed at determining the location of residual reserves in the area and section of the reservoirs, identifying the regularities of the mechanism of oil reserve recovery, assessing the efficiency of the reservoir pressure maintenance system, and developing complex geological-technological measures for achieving the approved value of the final oil recovery factor. The expected efficiency of the proposed optimization methodology provides for additional oil production, a reduction in the flow rate of injected and withdrawal of produced water.","PeriodicalId":33343,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiia vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Geologiia i razvedka","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86061521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：