Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.1109/VNC.2018.8628334
Chia-Cheng Yen, D. Ghosal, H. M. Zhang, C. Chuah, Hao Chen
In urban transportation, scheduling algorithms in traffic signal control (TSC) are important for achieving high throughput and low latency traffic flow, lowering accidents, and reducing emissions. As new scheduling algorithms are being developed particularly to leverage and accommodate connected and autonomous vehicles, there is increased potential for cyber-attacks on TSC that can undermine the benefits of new algorithms. Attackers can learn the behavior of scheduling algorithms and launch attacks to get scheduling priority and/or to create traffic panic and congestion. These attacks can compromise the system and significantly increase traffic delay and make TSC completely ineffective. In this paper, we compare the performance of different backpressure-based scheduling algorithms when they are under attack. We consider four different backpressure-based schemes, namely, delay-based, queue-based, sum-of-delay-based, and hybrid scheme that combines delay-based and queue-based schemes. We consider time spoofing attacks where individual vehicles arriving at an intersection can alter their arrival times. Through detailed simulation analysis we show that while the delay-based scheme has better fairness performance, it is more vulnerable to time spoofing attacks than the other schemes. We explore drawbacks of the delay-based scheme under different scenarios including non-homogeneous arrivals both for isolated intersection as well as multiple intersections. This study throws light on how to prevent time spoofing attacks on next generation TSC.
{"title":"Falsified Data Attack on Backpressure-based Traffic Signal Control Algorithms","authors":"Chia-Cheng Yen, D. Ghosal, H. M. Zhang, C. Chuah, Hao Chen","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2018.8628334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2018.8628334","url":null,"abstract":"In urban transportation, scheduling algorithms in traffic signal control (TSC) are important for achieving high throughput and low latency traffic flow, lowering accidents, and reducing emissions. As new scheduling algorithms are being developed particularly to leverage and accommodate connected and autonomous vehicles, there is increased potential for cyber-attacks on TSC that can undermine the benefits of new algorithms. Attackers can learn the behavior of scheduling algorithms and launch attacks to get scheduling priority and/or to create traffic panic and congestion. These attacks can compromise the system and significantly increase traffic delay and make TSC completely ineffective. In this paper, we compare the performance of different backpressure-based scheduling algorithms when they are under attack. We consider four different backpressure-based schemes, namely, delay-based, queue-based, sum-of-delay-based, and hybrid scheme that combines delay-based and queue-based schemes. We consider time spoofing attacks where individual vehicles arriving at an intersection can alter their arrival times. Through detailed simulation analysis we show that while the delay-based scheme has better fairness performance, it is more vulnerable to time spoofing attacks than the other schemes. We explore drawbacks of the delay-based scheme under different scenarios including non-homogeneous arrivals both for isolated intersection as well as multiple intersections. This study throws light on how to prevent time spoofing attacks on next generation TSC.","PeriodicalId":335017,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC)","volume":"373 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123320481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.1109/VNC.2018.8628350
Fabian Bronner, C. Sommer
Simulation is a key tool for studying new system designs, but its scalability is often limited by the complexity of underlying models. We investigate to what degree different channel models – in particular differently-complex signal representations and loss models – impact simulation performance. Measurements reveal that, if all effects relevant to typical vehicular network simulations are to be captured, use of a highly efficient signal representation that can exploit modern CPU features allows to cut its performance impact by an order of magnitude. Yet, measurements also reveal that in typical vehicular network simulations, runtime performance is dominated by that of loss modeling instead. To address this issue, we also present a universal approach that can speed up loss modeling. We show that this approach can improve the overall runtime performance of simulations by more than an order of magnitude with no loss in precision.
{"title":"Efficient Multi-Channel Simulation of Wireless Communications","authors":"Fabian Bronner, C. Sommer","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2018.8628350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2018.8628350","url":null,"abstract":"Simulation is a key tool for studying new system designs, but its scalability is often limited by the complexity of underlying models. We investigate to what degree different channel models – in particular differently-complex signal representations and loss models – impact simulation performance. Measurements reveal that, if all effects relevant to typical vehicular network simulations are to be captured, use of a highly efficient signal representation that can exploit modern CPU features allows to cut its performance impact by an order of magnitude. Yet, measurements also reveal that in typical vehicular network simulations, runtime performance is dominated by that of loss modeling instead. To address this issue, we also present a universal approach that can speed up loss modeling. We show that this approach can improve the overall runtime performance of simulations by more than an order of magnitude with no loss in precision.","PeriodicalId":335017,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115750009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.1109/VNC.2018.8628432
Gokhan Gurbilek, M. Koca, B. Turan, S. Ergen
Vehicular visible light communication (V2LC) has recently gained popularity as a complementary technology to radio frequency (RF) based vehicular communication schemes due to light emitting diode (LED)s’ readily availability on vehicles with its secure and RF-interference free nature. However, vehicular visible light communication (V2LC) system performance mainly depends on LED characteristics. Investigating various LED bulbs for their frequency response and optical OFDM (O-OFDM) based modulation performances, it has been observed that LED and DC-bias voltage selection is key for the V2LC system modulation performance. Experimental results indicate that, on contrary to simulation results in the literature, asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM (ACO-OFDM) is observed to perform better than unipolar OFDM (U-OFDM) as it inherits lower peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) with lower clipping noise which is crucial for LEDs under consideration with limited linear working region.
{"title":"Poster: Vehicular VLC Experimental Modulation Performance Comparison","authors":"Gokhan Gurbilek, M. Koca, B. Turan, S. Ergen","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2018.8628432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2018.8628432","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicular visible light communication (V2LC) has recently gained popularity as a complementary technology to radio frequency (RF) based vehicular communication schemes due to light emitting diode (LED)s’ readily availability on vehicles with its secure and RF-interference free nature. However, vehicular visible light communication (V2LC) system performance mainly depends on LED characteristics. Investigating various LED bulbs for their frequency response and optical OFDM (O-OFDM) based modulation performances, it has been observed that LED and DC-bias voltage selection is key for the V2LC system modulation performance. Experimental results indicate that, on contrary to simulation results in the literature, asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM (ACO-OFDM) is observed to perform better than unipolar OFDM (U-OFDM) as it inherits lower peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) with lower clipping noise which is crucial for LEDs under consideration with limited linear working region.","PeriodicalId":335017,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC)","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124862404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.1109/VNC.2018.8628409
Qi Ye, Lanqing Yang, Guangtao Xue
Gesture recognition has a rapidly growing market size which is forcasted to increase from 14 billion in 2012 to 44 billion in 2020. Applying gesture recognition for vehicle infotainment system control is considered a promising alternative against traditional buttons, touch screens, or even speech-based control for its numerous advantages. However, existing gesture control solutions either depend on camera which imposes privacy concern and is sensitive to light condition or require users to wear a device on their hand which makes it inconvenient to use. Therefore, the work proposes to use the acoustic-based device-free hand tracking technology for gesture recognition. Because it only requires an ordinary speaker and microphone which are already available on vehicles or equipped in smart phones, it doesn’t cast additional hardware cost or installation. We implement the proposed gesture control in Android phones and show it’s feasibility for vehicle infotainment system control.
{"title":"Hand-free Gesture Recognition for Vehicle Infotainment System Control","authors":"Qi Ye, Lanqing Yang, Guangtao Xue","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2018.8628409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2018.8628409","url":null,"abstract":"Gesture recognition has a rapidly growing market size which is forcasted to increase from 14 billion in 2012 to 44 billion in 2020. Applying gesture recognition for vehicle infotainment system control is considered a promising alternative against traditional buttons, touch screens, or even speech-based control for its numerous advantages. However, existing gesture control solutions either depend on camera which imposes privacy concern and is sensitive to light condition or require users to wear a device on their hand which makes it inconvenient to use. Therefore, the work proposes to use the acoustic-based device-free hand tracking technology for gesture recognition. Because it only requires an ordinary speaker and microphone which are already available on vehicles or equipped in smart phones, it doesn’t cast additional hardware cost or installation. We implement the proposed gesture control in Android phones and show it’s feasibility for vehicle infotainment system control.","PeriodicalId":335017,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127003110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.1109/VNC.2018.8628348
Chung-Wei Lin
System integration has became more challenging than ever. In this poster, we propose to use a formal approach to verify the Quality of Service (QoS) compatibility of components connected by the Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) [6]. We demonstrate that the formal approach, if realized, is applicable to various stages including specification definition of components to be developed, integration with existing components, runtime monitoring with adaptive components, and maintenance of components.
{"title":"Poster: Formal QoS Compatibility Verification for Components on Time-Sensitive Networking","authors":"Chung-Wei Lin","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2018.8628348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2018.8628348","url":null,"abstract":"System integration has became more challenging than ever. In this poster, we propose to use a formal approach to verify the Quality of Service (QoS) compatibility of components connected by the Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) [6]. We demonstrate that the formal approach, if realized, is applicable to various stages including specification definition of components to be developed, integration with existing components, runtime monitoring with adaptive components, and maintenance of components.","PeriodicalId":335017,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130970649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.1109/VNC.2018.8628376
Jeric G. Brioso, Alberto S. Banacia, H. Sawada, K. Ishizu, Kazuo Ibuka, T. Matsumura, F. Kojima
The exchange of information between vehicles and highway infrastructure also known as vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communications has been viewed as one solution to lessen some of the problems in transportation. Currently, V2I communication uses ITS band of 5.9 GHz frequency which is more susceptible to attenuation and has propagation coverage limitation. Over the past years, the use of Television white space (TVWS) has gained popularity because of its superior propagation characteristics due to its low operating frequency. In this study, V2I communications in the TVWS spectrum using the IEEE 802.11af compliant devices has been implemented at the campus of the University of San Carlos in Cebu City, Philippines and evaluated in terms of received signal strength (RSS), throughput and packet loss rate as a function of the modulation coding scheme used. The calculated path losses were modeled as log-normal shadowing and path loss exponents between 3.05 to 3.63 were obtained. At a transmit power of 20 dBm coupled with a 14.3 dBi-12-ring Yagi antenna under line of sight scenario, a 3.76 Mbps throughput was achieved at the receiver end that used a 3 dBi omnidirectional antenna. There was a 15% reduction in throughput observed in non-line of sight scenario caused by multipath propagation influenced by trees, vegetation, and buildings present between the transmitter and the receiver. However, the data obtained when V2I communication was established suggests the feasibility of utilizing TVWS for V2I communications in support of the goals of the ITS.
{"title":"Evaluation of IEEE 802.11af Compliant Devices for Vehicle to Infrastructure Communications in Suburban Environment","authors":"Jeric G. Brioso, Alberto S. Banacia, H. Sawada, K. Ishizu, Kazuo Ibuka, T. Matsumura, F. Kojima","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2018.8628376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2018.8628376","url":null,"abstract":"The exchange of information between vehicles and highway infrastructure also known as vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communications has been viewed as one solution to lessen some of the problems in transportation. Currently, V2I communication uses ITS band of 5.9 GHz frequency which is more susceptible to attenuation and has propagation coverage limitation. Over the past years, the use of Television white space (TVWS) has gained popularity because of its superior propagation characteristics due to its low operating frequency. In this study, V2I communications in the TVWS spectrum using the IEEE 802.11af compliant devices has been implemented at the campus of the University of San Carlos in Cebu City, Philippines and evaluated in terms of received signal strength (RSS), throughput and packet loss rate as a function of the modulation coding scheme used. The calculated path losses were modeled as log-normal shadowing and path loss exponents between 3.05 to 3.63 were obtained. At a transmit power of 20 dBm coupled with a 14.3 dBi-12-ring Yagi antenna under line of sight scenario, a 3.76 Mbps throughput was achieved at the receiver end that used a 3 dBi omnidirectional antenna. There was a 15% reduction in throughput observed in non-line of sight scenario caused by multipath propagation influenced by trees, vegetation, and buildings present between the transmitter and the receiver. However, the data obtained when V2I communication was established suggests the feasibility of utilizing TVWS for V2I communications in support of the goals of the ITS.","PeriodicalId":335017,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC)","volume":"203 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114210410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.1109/VNC.2018.8628412
Keno Garlichs, M. Wegner, L. Wolf
Vehicles equipped with V2X communication technology are expected to be launched within a year. These vehicles will be shipped with a basic set of applications attributed to Cooperative Awareness (CA) and Decentralized Environmental Notification (DEN) services. Yet, research and standardization of advanced services is under way, e. g., to realize a Collective Perception of vehicles: With local perception sensors such as radar sensors continuously capturing the surroundings, previous research has shown the significant benefit of sharing such detected objects with other V2X-capable vehicles. In this paper, we present the current advancements compared to previous research as well as open research questions regarding the standardization process of a Collective Perception service in the European Telecommunications Standards Institute as well as its evaluation in the established simulation framework Artery.
{"title":"Realizing Collective Perception in the Artery Simulation Framework","authors":"Keno Garlichs, M. Wegner, L. Wolf","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2018.8628412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2018.8628412","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicles equipped with V2X communication technology are expected to be launched within a year. These vehicles will be shipped with a basic set of applications attributed to Cooperative Awareness (CA) and Decentralized Environmental Notification (DEN) services. Yet, research and standardization of advanced services is under way, e. g., to realize a Collective Perception of vehicles: With local perception sensors such as radar sensors continuously capturing the surroundings, previous research has shown the significant benefit of sharing such detected objects with other V2X-capable vehicles. In this paper, we present the current advancements compared to previous research as well as open research questions regarding the standardization process of a Collective Perception service in the European Telecommunications Standards Institute as well as its evaluation in the established simulation framework Artery.","PeriodicalId":335017,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115047872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.1109/VNC.2018.8628453
Yuhui Sun, Yongzhao Zhang, Guangtao Xue
Vehicles are providing increasing number of functions for drivers than they were designed, including streaming music from the Internet, answering calls, showing the latest news from drivers’ social networks, advising drivers the route and road condition, and etc. Traditionally, drivers use buttons and switches on control panel or a touch screen to access all the functions. However, a flat design may turn a car into a button-fest which may confuse even daily drivers. On the other hand, hierarchical UI requires drivers to click buttons or screens several times to navigate the menus is time intensive and may take drivers’ eyes from the road. To address these problems, we propose SmartWheelTag. SmartWheelTag is a RFID tag on a slap bracelet so drivers can easily attach and disattach it onto a steering wheel. When drivers touch the different part of the SmartWheelTag, different phases are detected. We further develop an Android APP so drivers can pre-define gestures to map their actions on SmartWheelTag to vehicle functions. Since SmartWheelTag can be installed at the most comfortable place and provide customized functions, drivers can easily access the desired vehicle functions quickly while concentrating on the roads.
{"title":"SmartWheelTag: Flexible and Battery-less User Interface for Drivers","authors":"Yuhui Sun, Yongzhao Zhang, Guangtao Xue","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2018.8628453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2018.8628453","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicles are providing increasing number of functions for drivers than they were designed, including streaming music from the Internet, answering calls, showing the latest news from drivers’ social networks, advising drivers the route and road condition, and etc. Traditionally, drivers use buttons and switches on control panel or a touch screen to access all the functions. However, a flat design may turn a car into a button-fest which may confuse even daily drivers. On the other hand, hierarchical UI requires drivers to click buttons or screens several times to navigate the menus is time intensive and may take drivers’ eyes from the road. To address these problems, we propose SmartWheelTag. SmartWheelTag is a RFID tag on a slap bracelet so drivers can easily attach and disattach it onto a steering wheel. When drivers touch the different part of the SmartWheelTag, different phases are detected. We further develop an Android APP so drivers can pre-define gestures to map their actions on SmartWheelTag to vehicle functions. Since SmartWheelTag can be installed at the most comfortable place and provide customized functions, drivers can easily access the desired vehicle functions quickly while concentrating on the roads.","PeriodicalId":335017,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121773493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.1109/VNC.2018.8628370
Michael Jernigan, S. Alsweiss, J. Cathcart, R. Razdan
This paper highlights a conceptual sensors testing framework for autonomous vehicles. This framework is part of the efforts by the Advanced Mobility Institute (AMI) at Florida Polytechnic University to establish a state-of-the-art sensors testing facility for autonomous vehicles. The conceptual sensors testing framework will address the different types of sensors and communication schemes related to autonomous vehicles and provide a versatile approach to perform testing scenarios in a way similar to what happens in the physical world.
{"title":"Conceptual Sensors Testing Framework for Autonomous Vehicles","authors":"Michael Jernigan, S. Alsweiss, J. Cathcart, R. Razdan","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2018.8628370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2018.8628370","url":null,"abstract":"This paper highlights a conceptual sensors testing framework for autonomous vehicles. This framework is part of the efforts by the Advanced Mobility Institute (AMI) at Florida Polytechnic University to establish a state-of-the-art sensors testing facility for autonomous vehicles. The conceptual sensors testing framework will address the different types of sensors and communication schemes related to autonomous vehicles and provide a versatile approach to perform testing scenarios in a way similar to what happens in the physical world.","PeriodicalId":335017,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130845487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.1109/VNC.2018.8628425
Wen-Hsuan Shen, Po-Wen Chen, Hsin-Mu Tsai
State-of-the-art vehicular visible light communication (V2LC) systems utilize either a photodiode or a camera as the receiver, while both have their drawbacks. A photodiode-based receiver lacks the capability to separate signals from sources transmitting at the same time and is more vulnerable to interference. On the other hand, a camera-based receiver suffers from low system throughput, resulting from the low image frame rate of commodity cameras. In this paper, we investigate a solution which attempts to combine the best of both, and mitigate their drawbacks.We propose to use a new type of CMOS vision sensor: a dynamic vision sensor (DVS). Instead of recording still frames, a DVS only generates outputs when it senses a significant change of brightness in a pixel. The output of a DVS is a stream of events on the pixel basis with 1 μs resolution, which greatly increase the bandwidth. We investigate the key requirements of the modulation wave form when using a DVS camera-based receiver, and propose a new pulse wave form that maintains the same average luminance level while extending the operational range of the system. Preliminary experimental results show that the proposed wave form nearly triples the range to 8 m, compared to the range of 3 m when using the conventional inverse pulse position modulation wave form.
{"title":"Vehicular Visible Light Communication with Dynamic Vision Sensor: A Preliminary Study","authors":"Wen-Hsuan Shen, Po-Wen Chen, Hsin-Mu Tsai","doi":"10.1109/VNC.2018.8628425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VNC.2018.8628425","url":null,"abstract":"State-of-the-art vehicular visible light communication (V2LC) systems utilize either a photodiode or a camera as the receiver, while both have their drawbacks. A photodiode-based receiver lacks the capability to separate signals from sources transmitting at the same time and is more vulnerable to interference. On the other hand, a camera-based receiver suffers from low system throughput, resulting from the low image frame rate of commodity cameras. In this paper, we investigate a solution which attempts to combine the best of both, and mitigate their drawbacks.We propose to use a new type of CMOS vision sensor: a dynamic vision sensor (DVS). Instead of recording still frames, a DVS only generates outputs when it senses a significant change of brightness in a pixel. The output of a DVS is a stream of events on the pixel basis with 1 μs resolution, which greatly increase the bandwidth. We investigate the key requirements of the modulation wave form when using a DVS camera-based receiver, and propose a new pulse wave form that maintains the same average luminance level while extending the operational range of the system. Preliminary experimental results show that the proposed wave form nearly triples the range to 8 m, compared to the range of 3 m when using the conventional inverse pulse position modulation wave form.","PeriodicalId":335017,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference (VNC)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122479181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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