Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.26565/2220-7929-2021-60-04
Sergey Litovchenko
The correspondence of Marcus Tullius Cicero during his term as proconsul of Cilicia provides an opportunity to better understand the complexities of governing Roman provinces during the crisis of the Republic, and above all to assess Rome’s ability to counter external threats. However, the genre of this source has strongly shaped the historiographical tradition, which has come to reflect the view of the events held by the author of most of the letters. Thus, works by modern scholars commonly justify and show full support for the proconsul’s actions. Those isolated studies that try to look critically at Cicero’s efforts during his proconsulship negatively assess the measures taken to counter the Parthian threat but identify the Roman proconsul himself as the culprit for their failure. In our view, Cicero’s correspondence allows us, at least in part, to consider the problem of the Roman provinces in the East as a whole, leaving aside the figure of one particular governor. It can be said with a high degree of confidence that the system of Roman provincial government during the late Republic did not meet the requirements of effective frontier defense in the East. The appointment of governors (proconsuls and propraetors) depended on too many random factors (as did the election of consuls and praetors) for professional managers and military men to always hold these key positions. Cicero’s example is the most striking, but obviously not unique. The elite’s focus on domestic politics automatically made foreign policy tasks secondary. Further, the governors had only limited resources, suitable for localized policing operations but inadequate even against a large-scale plunder raid, not to mention a major invasion. The allies, for many decades protecting the Roman borders with their troops and territories, now for the most part lost even the ability to control their own possessions. Traditional reliance on allied monarchs not only deprived the Romans of military support, but also led to misinformation about the situation at the border. The center’s quick response to instability on the periphery was hampered not only by slow communications, but also by the lack of a clear decision-making mechanism in Rome. Ironically, the Republic was saved by the absence of a real adversary in the East.
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Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.26565/2220-7929-2021-60-02
A. Zelinskyi
The appearance of this article was prompted by the discovery of a new block of inscriptions from the island of Kos, published in the 50th volume of the journal Chiron by D. Bosnakis and K. Hallof. Among these inscriptions, dating to 243 BC, of particular interest are two royal letters concerning the recognition of the right of asylum possessed by the temple of Asclepius in Kos. The first letter belongs to the king of Bithynia Ziaelas, and the second – to the Seleucid queen Laodice I, the mother of Seleucus II and Antiochus Hierax. Analysis of the contents of these documents compels us to rethink the commonly held assumptions about the foreign policy orientation of King Ziaelas from the second half of the 240s BC. Based on the already known earlier letter of Ziaelas to the citizens of Kos (IGXII, 4, 1, 209), together with the evidence of the Chronicle of Eusebius of Caesarea (Euseb. Chron. Schoene, I, 251), many researchers believe in the existence of a long-term alliance between this Bithynian king and Ptolemy III Everget, formed at the beginning of the second half of the 240s BC and lasting at least until the mid-230s BC. Instead, given the observations made on the basis of the new royal letters by D. Bosnakis, K. Hallof, and the author of this article, we can speak of only a very shortlived political partnership between Ziaelas and Ptolemy III. Afterwards, Ziaelas quickly returned to the Seleucid political orbit. This conclusion follows from the absence of references to Ptolemy III in the new letter of the Bithynian king, combined with indications of contacts between the latter and Laodice I, openly hostile to Everget. This move by Ziaelas was probably dictated by the lack of tangible military or political support from the Alexandrian ruler. The fact of the rupture of the short-lived relationship between Ziaelas and Ptolemy III, together with the testimony of the already known sources, suggests that the king of Bithynia continued permanently in the Seleucid sphere of influence.
这篇文章的出现是由于在科斯岛发现了一块新的铭文，由D. Bosnakis和K. Hallof发表在《Chiron》杂志的第50卷上。在这些可追溯到公元前243年的铭文中，特别令人感兴趣的是两封关于承认科斯的阿斯克勒庇俄斯神庙拥有庇护权的王室信件。第一封信是比提尼亚国王齐亚拉的，第二封信是塞琉古王后老底斯一世的，她是塞琉古二世和安条克希拉克斯的母亲。对这些文件内容的分析迫使我们重新思考关于公元前240年代下半叶齐埃拉斯国王外交政策取向的普遍假设。根据已知的较早的西亚拉给科斯公民的信(IGXII, 4,1,209)，以及凯撒利亚的优西比乌(优西比乌)纪事的证据。时间。Schoene, I, 251)，许多研究人员认为，在这位比提尼亚国王和托勒密三世之间存在着长期的联盟，这种联盟形成于公元前240年代下半叶，至少持续到公元前230年代中期。相反，鉴于D. Bosnakis、K. Hallof和本文作者根据新的王室信件所作的观察，我们可以说齐亚拉斯和托勒密三世之间的政治伙伴关系非常短暂。之后，齐亚拉斯很快回到了塞琉古的政治轨道。这个结论是从没有提到托勒密三世在比提尼亚国王的新信，结合了后者和老底斯我之间的接触迹象，公开敌视埃弗吉特。齐亚拉斯的这一举动可能是由于缺乏亚历山大统治者的实际军事或政治支持。齐亚拉斯和托勒密三世之间短暂的关系破裂的事实，以及已知来源的证词，表明比提尼亚国王在塞琉古的影响范围内永久地继续存在。
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Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.26565/2220-7929-2021-60-03
S. Lyman
The article examines the contribution of Professor M. N. Petrov, Kharkiv University’s leading medievalist during the third quarter of the 19th century, to the study of key events and personalities of the Hundred Years’ War between England and France. Contextually, Petrov considered some of the events of the final stage of the war in his master’s dissertation “On the Nature of the Statesmanship of Louis XI” (1850). He was able to show that, in the war against the English, the French royal house was forced to make concessions to the great feudal lords of the realm in exchange for military support. Among the concessions made by Charles VII for the sake of victory over England, Petrov rightly singles out the anti-English Treaty of Arras (1435) between the French king and Duke Philip III of Burgundy. Nevertheless, the end of the Hundred Years’ War, development of the French national consciousness, and decline of feudal chivalry all objectively contributed to the strengthening of royal power. It is shown that Petrov became the first scholar at Kharkiv University and in the Ukrainian lands of the Russian Empire to publish a work entirely devoted to the Hundred Years’ War – “Jeanne d’Arc (Historical and Psychological Experience)” (1867). Petrov distinguished between the objective and subjective causes of the turn in the Hundred Years’ War and explained the success of the Maid of Orléans by the sympathy and support of the broad masses of the population. It is stressed that, in contrast to the French scholar J. Michelet, for whom Jeanne d’Arc was a messenger of Heaven, child of the Church, and servant of God, Petrov in his essay represented her actions as a manifestation of the French people’s growing self-awareness, rather than of the will of Providence. The author notes that such assessment of the role of the common people in the historical process was characteristic of the liberal medieval studies of the first post-reform years in the Russian Empire. A summary of the main events of the Hundred Years’ War was presented in the posthumous edition of Petrov’s Lectures in World History (1888). This was the first university textbook in this discipline in the Russian Empire. It is emphasized that Petrov’s treatment of the events of the Hundred Years’ War contributed to the popularization of medieval history, and that the objectivity of his interpretations stemmed primarily from the critical study of historical sources, including the Memoirs of Philippe de Commines, and adherence to the norms of positivism.
本文考察了哈尔科夫大学19世纪第三季度主要的中世纪学者M. N. Petrov教授对英法百年战争的关键事件和人物研究的贡献。彼得罗夫在他的硕士论文《论路易十一的政治才能的本质》(1850)中考虑了战争最后阶段的一些事件。他能够证明，在与英国的战争中，法国皇室被迫向封建领主做出让步，以换取军事支持。在查理七世为了战胜英格兰而做出的让步中，彼得罗夫正确地挑出了法国国王和勃艮第公爵菲利普三世之间的反英阿拉斯条约(1435年)。然而，百年战争的结束，法国民族意识的发展，封建骑士制度的衰落，客观上都促成了王权的加强。这表明，彼得罗夫成为哈尔科夫大学和俄罗斯帝国乌克兰土地上第一位出版完全致力于百年战争的著作的学者-“圣女贞德(历史和心理经验)”(1867)。彼得罗夫区分了百年战争转向的客观原因和主观原因，并解释了奥尔尔萨姆斯少女的成功是由于广大人民群众的同情和支持。值得强调的是，与法国学者米舍莱(J. Michelet)认为圣女贞德是天堂的使者、教会的孩子和上帝的仆人相反，彼得罗夫在他的文章中把她的行为描述为法国人民日益增长的自我意识的表现，而不是上帝意志的表现。作者指出，这种对平民在历史进程中的作用的评价是对俄罗斯帝国改革后最初几年的自由主义中世纪研究的特点。在彼得罗夫逝世后出版的《世界历史讲座》(1888)中，对百年战争的主要事件进行了总结。这是俄罗斯帝国这一学科的第一本大学教科书。它强调，彼得罗夫对百年战争事件的处理有助于中世纪历史的普及，他的解释的客观性主要源于对历史资料的批判性研究，包括菲利普·德·科米纳斯的回忆录，以及对实证主义规范的坚持。
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Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.26565/2220-7929-2021-60-01
Serhiy Karikov, I. Pidhorodetska
The article outlines the range of problems in the history of the Reformation explored in the oeuvre of the outstanding medievalist Yuri Golubkin. Golubkin authored more than 90 academic and popular works on medieval and early modern history. He was particularly interested in the writings of Martin Luther and in Luther’s participation in the events of the Reformation. The study employs the historical-typological, historicalgenetic, and historical-comparative methods and is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity. Its originality lies in identifying the main avenues of the study of the Reformation in the work of Yu. Golubkin and in defining the principal phases of his evolution as a scholar. The authors argue that the first phase (1970s–1980s) was marked by a focus on the socio-political views of Martin Luther and his participation in the early bourgeois revolution in Germany, while in the second phase (1990s–2000s) Golubkin was primarily interested in the formation of Luther’s religious beliefs and his participation in the creation of the Evangelical Church. The scholar’s articles and translations are notable for their distinctive style, characterized by expressiveness and wide use of metaphor, epithet, and idiom. The authors further suggest that translation of Luther’s main works was central to Golubkin’s research trajectory. The need to engage with Golubkin’s innovative approach to Martin Luther’s life and work determines the prospects for further exploration of the historian’s oeuvre as a significant contribution to Reformation studies.
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Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.26565/2220-7929-2021-60-05
Anastasiia Semybratska
The article considers the formation of the image of the goddess Athena as a member of the Olympian pantheon of gods. It should be noted that many aspects of ancient Greek religion and mythology still remain controversial. In particular, while the historiographical tradition has dwelled in relative detail on the cult of the goddess Athena and the Panathenaea, the essential origins of her image and theonym remain less studied and open to question. However, the investigation of this issue can help trace the transformation of the image of the goddess and determine her role and place among the Olympian gods. Analysis of the sources suggests that the image of the goddess Athena is quite ancient and dates back to the Cretan-Mycenaean era, while the theonym itself, according to linguistic analysis, is of Indo-European origin. Already in the Mycenaean period, the goddess was well known to the ancient Greek population; cities were named after her. The sources show an essential affinity between the image of the goddess Athena and the Minoan supreme female deity – here one can cite in particular the traces of zoomorphism in descriptions of her appearance and her association with the aegis – goat-skin shield. Statues depicting a goddess holding snakes have also been found in Crete, and most Greek myths register a close connection between Athena and snakes. This becomes more convincing when we consider the functional similarity between the Minoan deity and Athena proper. Further, the author offers an archetype analysis of the image of the goddess, highlighting such archetypes as the warrior, patroness of women’s and men’s crafts, and the personification of wisdom. Archetype analysis plays a supporting role in the article, making it possible to investigate the evolution of the functional characteristics of the goddess. Thus we can say that, although the theonym of the goddess is of Indo-European origin, the essential roots of her image go back to the Minoan religion.
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Pub Date : 2021-12-10DOI: 10.26565/2220-7929-2021-60-06
Serhiy Dyachkov
In 1993-1999, a joint expedition of Kharkiv State University and the Tauric Chersonesos National Preserve carried out a study of the “barracks” — an extensive architectural and archaeological complex within the boundaries of the Chersonesos city-site. This group of buildings and other structures with a total area of over 500 square meters is located near a 4th-century BC city gate and the sixteenth curtain wall. In the first centuries AD, a large economic and residential complex arose and functioned here. The area of the “Barracks Center” and Room 38 accommodated an atrium. Production facilities were located in the northern and eastern part of the “barracks” on the site of medieval rooms. In Roman times, two cisterns were cut into the rock on the site of Rooms 35 and 36, and a press platform with a large lever stone was constructed. Thus, the structural remains, stratigraphic features, and artifacts found in the area of Rooms 35 and 36 all indicate that a fairly powerful winery operated in the northern part of the “barracks” during the 1st to 3rd centuries. The filling of the winery cisterns yielded a rich collection of red-lacquered pottery of the 1st to 3rd centuries, which is extremely rarely found in such amounts in the complexes of Chersonesos. The finds illustrate the great diversity of ceramic wares used in Chersonesos. Imported vessels predominate. Fragments of an oinophore from the city of Knidus in Asia Minor, for example, are of considerable interest. Most similar oinophores from the Eastern Mediterranean date to the 2nd century AD, as do most of the ceramic imports from Knidus to the Northern Black Sea coast. Epigraphic and anepigraphic stamps on red slip plates represent a special subset of finds. In Roman times, the estate included a home sanctuary. This is evidenced by the finds of a fluted limestone column, a damaged female sculpture, fragments of a frieze-free entablature, and copious remnants of polychrome plaster. Rare finds include a ring with a gem of Athena and an elegant miniature pendant made of Egyptian faience, which depicts Cybele or Isis on a throne. Excavations of the “barracks” show that in the first centuries AD there was a significant change in the functional purpose of the port area of Chersonesos. Numerous immigrants from the Balkan and Anatolian provinces of the Roman Empire appeared among the city’s inhabitants. The changes in the social and ethnic makeup of the local population should be connected with the prolonged presence of a Roman garrison in the city citadel.
{"title":"Chersonesos “Barracks”: A Large Urban Estate of the 1st - 3rd Centuries AD","authors":"Serhiy Dyachkov","doi":"10.26565/2220-7929-2021-60-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2220-7929-2021-60-06","url":null,"abstract":"In 1993-1999, a joint expedition of Kharkiv State University and the Tauric Chersonesos National Preserve carried out a study of the “barracks” — an extensive architectural and archaeological complex within the boundaries of the Chersonesos city-site. This group of buildings and other structures with a total area of over 500 square meters is located near a 4th-century BC city gate and the sixteenth curtain wall. In the first centuries AD, a large economic and residential complex arose and functioned here. The area of the “Barracks Center” and Room 38 accommodated an atrium. Production facilities were located in the northern and eastern part of the “barracks” on the site of medieval rooms. In Roman times, two cisterns were cut into the rock on the site of Rooms 35 and 36, and a press platform with a large lever stone was constructed. Thus, the structural remains, stratigraphic features, and artifacts found in the area of Rooms 35 and 36 all indicate that a fairly powerful winery operated in the northern part of the “barracks” during the 1st to 3rd centuries. The filling of the winery cisterns yielded a rich collection of red-lacquered pottery of the 1st to 3rd centuries, which is extremely rarely found in such amounts in the complexes of Chersonesos. The finds illustrate the great diversity of ceramic wares used in Chersonesos. Imported vessels predominate. Fragments of an oinophore from the city of Knidus in Asia Minor, for example, are of considerable interest. Most similar oinophores from the Eastern Mediterranean date to the 2nd century AD, as do most of the ceramic imports from Knidus to the Northern Black Sea coast. Epigraphic and anepigraphic stamps on red slip plates represent a special subset of finds. In Roman times, the estate included a home sanctuary. This is evidenced by the finds of a fluted limestone column, a damaged female sculpture, fragments of a frieze-free entablature, and copious remnants of polychrome plaster. Rare finds include a ring with a gem of Athena and an elegant miniature pendant made of Egyptian faience, which depicts Cybele or Isis on a throne. Excavations of the “barracks” show that in the first centuries AD there was a significant change in the functional purpose of the port area of Chersonesos. Numerous immigrants from the Balkan and Anatolian provinces of the Roman Empire appeared among the city’s inhabitants. The changes in the social and ethnic makeup of the local population should be connected with the prolonged presence of a Roman garrison in the city citadel.","PeriodicalId":33522,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Ekonomika","volume":"124 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77878845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.26565/2313-6693-2021-43-07
E. Nikolenko, I. Adamovych, K. Vovk
Introduction. Currently, the coronavirus pandemic remains high on the world community, and it is discussed on a daily basis, posing a serious threat. Despite the fact, that most people recover from coronavirus infection, many suffer from the manifestations of the post-COVID syndrome that became a significant social problem due to disruption the normal lifestyle and daily functioning, reduced quality of life. The fact, that the development of the mechanism of post-COVID conditions has not been studied much is a challenge for medical community, so its efforts should be aimed at the analysis of these mechanisms. Objective: to assess the prevalence of post-COVID symptoms among residents of Kharkiv and to provide recommendations regarding the management of such patients. Materials and methods. The study involved 60 respondents, including 43 females and 17 males, all participants were older than 20 years. Using a self-designed questionnaire applying in Google Docs, the incidence of symptoms due to post-COVID syndrome was assessed among all respondents, as well as separately among males and females, and depending on the time since the disease, whether physical activity remained at the same level, and, also whether such patients seek medical help. Results. The study has shown the primary role of tiredness and fatigue, it was noted by 37 respondents (61.7 %), difficulty thinking and concentrating (so-called «foggy brain») – 35 participants (58.3 %), decrease the exercise tolerance – 34 respondents (56.7 %), muscle pain – 27 respondents (45 %), sleep disorders and joint pain at the same level – 26 respondents (43.3 %). The gender-specific was analyzed, so there were some differences. It was found that physical activity in 35 respondents (58.3 %) was decreased that leads to hypodynamy resulting in a reduced quality of life. Conclusion. Bearing this in mind, the authors consider it necessary to create a comprehensive rehabilitation plan with the participation of a physical therapist and other professionals, using the recommendations of reputable institutions such as the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
{"title":"Prevalence of post-covid syndrome among inhabitants of Kharkiv","authors":"E. Nikolenko, I. Adamovych, K. Vovk","doi":"10.26565/2313-6693-2021-43-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2313-6693-2021-43-07","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Currently, the coronavirus pandemic remains high on the world community, and it is discussed on a daily basis, posing a serious threat. Despite the fact, that most people recover from coronavirus infection, many suffer from the manifestations of the post-COVID syndrome that became a significant social problem due to disruption the normal lifestyle and daily functioning, reduced quality of life. The fact, that the development of the mechanism of post-COVID conditions has not been studied much is a challenge for medical community, so its efforts should be aimed at the analysis of these mechanisms. Objective: to assess the prevalence of post-COVID symptoms among residents of Kharkiv and to provide recommendations regarding the management of such patients. Materials and methods. The study involved 60 respondents, including 43 females and 17 males, all participants were older than 20 years. Using a self-designed questionnaire applying in Google Docs, the incidence of symptoms due to post-COVID syndrome was assessed among all respondents, as well as separately among males and females, and depending on the time since the disease, whether physical activity remained at the same level, and, also whether such patients seek medical help. Results. The study has shown the primary role of tiredness and fatigue, it was noted by 37 respondents (61.7 %), difficulty thinking and concentrating (so-called «foggy brain») – 35 participants (58.3 %), decrease the exercise tolerance – 34 respondents (56.7 %), muscle pain – 27 respondents (45 %), sleep disorders and joint pain at the same level – 26 respondents (43.3 %). The gender-specific was analyzed, so there were some differences. It was found that physical activity in 35 respondents (58.3 %) was decreased that leads to hypodynamy resulting in a reduced quality of life. Conclusion. Bearing this in mind, the authors consider it necessary to create a comprehensive rehabilitation plan with the participation of a physical therapist and other professionals, using the recommendations of reputable institutions such as the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).","PeriodicalId":33522,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Ekonomika","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76694833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.26565/2313-6693-2021-43-13
H. Maksymyuk, O. Yastremska, Andriy Kost, Natalija Boykiv
The medical community is gaining increased attention to streamlining a clear mechanism for reporting critical test results in the clinic. DSTU ISO 15189: 2015 requires laboratories to report critical test results to clinitians within a specified period of time. Moreover, they should have a clearly established procedure in place. In order to standardize processes and avoid misunderstandings between stakeholders, international organizations (RCPA, AACB, CLSI) have developed terminology, communication algorithm and requirements for data documentation. In order to harmonize this part, a lot of surveys have been conducted as to which analytes should be included in the notification sheet and, in particular, the limits of their values for hematological, hemostasiological and biochemical studies. According to ICSH recommendations, critical risk results include hemoglobin, leukocytes, neutrophils, platelets, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT) / international normalization ratio (INR) and fibrinogen. The laboratories include different biochemical tests in the alert list. The most common analytes are glucose, potassium, sodium and calcium. It should be noted that this alert list is only recommended for clinical laboratories, such as the number of indicators and alert threshold of analytes should be agreed with the clinicians of a particular medical institution, taking into account their experience and local patient population. The developed recommendations will allow to react as quickly as possible to situations that may threaten patient’s life, provide qualified medical care in a timely manner and adjust work processes in accordance with the requirements of international standards.
医学界越来越重视精简明确的机制，以报告诊所的关键检测结果。DSTU ISO 15189: 2015要求实验室在规定的时间内向临床医生报告关键的测试结果。此外，它们应该有一个明确确立的程序。为了使流程标准化，避免利益相关者之间的误解，国际组织(RCPA、AACB、CLSI)制定了数据文档的术语、通信算法和要求。为了协调这一部分，已经进行了大量的调查，哪些分析物应该包括在通报表中，特别是血液学，止血学和生化研究的值的限制。根据ICSH的建议，关键风险结果包括血红蛋白、白细胞、中性粒细胞、血小板、活化的部分凝血活素时间(aPTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT) /国际正常化比率(INR)和纤维蛋白原。这些实验室在警报清单中包括了不同的生化测试。最常见的分析物是葡萄糖、钾、钠和钙。需要注意的是，本警报清单仅建议用于临床实验室，如指标的数量和分析物的警报阈值应与特定医疗机构的临床医生商定，考虑到他们的经验和当地患者人口。制定的建议将使我们能够尽快对可能威胁患者生命的情况作出反应，及时提供合格的医疗服务，并根据国际标准的要求调整工作程序。
{"title":"Critical results in medical laboratory. management and communication","authors":"H. Maksymyuk, O. Yastremska, Andriy Kost, Natalija Boykiv","doi":"10.26565/2313-6693-2021-43-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2313-6693-2021-43-13","url":null,"abstract":"The medical community is gaining increased attention to streamlining a clear mechanism for reporting critical test results in the clinic. DSTU ISO 15189: 2015 requires laboratories to report critical test results to clinitians within a specified period of time. Moreover, they should have a clearly established procedure in place. In order to standardize processes and avoid misunderstandings between stakeholders, international organizations (RCPA, AACB, CLSI) have developed terminology, communication algorithm and requirements for data documentation. In order to harmonize this part, a lot of surveys have been conducted as to which analytes should be included in the notification sheet and, in particular, the limits of their values for hematological, hemostasiological and biochemical studies. According to ICSH recommendations, critical risk results include hemoglobin, leukocytes, neutrophils, platelets, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT) / international normalization ratio (INR) and fibrinogen. The laboratories include different biochemical tests in the alert list. The most common analytes are glucose, potassium, sodium and calcium. It should be noted that this alert list is only recommended for clinical laboratories, such as the number of indicators and alert threshold of analytes should be agreed with the clinicians of a particular medical institution, taking into account their experience and local patient population. The developed recommendations will allow to react as quickly as possible to situations that may threaten patient’s life, provide qualified medical care in a timely manner and adjust work processes in accordance with the requirements of international standards.","PeriodicalId":33522,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Ekonomika","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81337053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.26565/2313-6693-2021-43-08
K. Pavlikova, T. Liadova, O. Volobuieva, Alla Hamilovska, N. Shepileva
Abstract. The study of the role of Epstein-Barr virus infection in the development of various human pathological conditions is of great importance. This is due to the significant epidemiological role and social significance, because according to epidemiological data, more than 90 % of people are infected with VEB when they reach adulthood. The steady increase in the number of diseases caused by VEB in both adults and children is associated with its specific susceptibility to immunocompetent cells, lifelong persistence and latent course, which necessitates a comprehensive study and development of effective treatments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ribonucleic acid in the correction of immune disorders in patients with infectious mononucleosis caused by Epstein-Barr virus. Materials and methods: To achieve this goal, 110 patients with IM were examined, including 58 women (52.7 %), men – 52 (47.3 %). The mean age of patients was 23.3 ± 4.2 years. The material for the study was the serum of patients obtained in the dynamics of the disease. The complex of examination of patients with IM included clinical and biochemical methods, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, polymerase chain reaction method, immunogram. The results of the research were processed by the method of variation and correlation statistics using the program «Statistica 10.0 for Windows». The analysis of the obtained results allowed to establish that in patients with IM changes in the system of cellular and humoral parts of the immune system and the diversity of the immune response were detected. The progressive nature of changes in immune parameters indicates the formation of secondary cellular immune imbalance, activation of the humoral link, a change in the balance of immunoregulatory mediators towards Th2 cells. In the acute period, probable disorders of the cellular immune system, characterized by an increase in the number of cells with killer activity: mature T-lymphocytes (CD3+), cytotoxic T-suppressor cells (CD8+), cells expressing the activation marker CD25+ (receptor IL2) and increase Th1/Th2. Under the influence of complex immunomodulatory and antiviral action with the appointment of ribonucleic acid, there is a more positive dynamics of immunological parameters compared with patients who received only basic therapy, which is manifested by an increase in the proliferative response. Conclusions. For the correction of immune disorders in patients with IM, associated with VEB the use of complex therapy with the drug nuclex (ribonucleic acid) (250 mg) 2 capsules 3 times a day for 14 days and valaciclovir (500 mg) at a dose of 1000 mg (2 table) 3 times a day for 14 days.
摘要研究爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒感染在人类各种病理状况发展中的作用具有重要意义。这是由于具有重要的流行病学作用和社会意义，因为根据流行病学数据，90%以上的人在成年后感染VEB。VEB在成人和儿童中引起的疾病数量的稳步增加与其对免疫活性细胞的特异性易感性、终身持续性和潜伏期有关，这需要全面研究和开发有效的治疗方法。本研究的目的是评价核糖核酸在纠正由eb病毒引起的传染性单核细胞增多症患者免疫功能障碍中的有效性。材料和方法:为了达到这一目标，我们对110例IM患者进行了检查，其中女性58例(52.7%)，男性52例(47.3%)。患者平均年龄23.3±4.2岁。该研究的材料是在疾病动力学中获得的患者血清。IM患者的综合检查包括临床生化法、酶联免疫吸附法、聚合酶链反应法、免疫图。使用“Statistica 10.0 for Windows”程序对研究结果进行变异和相关统计方法的处理。对所获得的结果进行分析，可以确定在IM患者中，免疫系统的细胞和体液部分的系统变化以及免疫反应的多样性被检测到。免疫参数变化的进行性表明继发性细胞免疫失衡的形成，体液联系的激活，免疫调节介质对Th2细胞平衡的改变。在急性期，细胞免疫系统可能紊乱，特征是具有杀伤活性的细胞数量增加:成熟t淋巴细胞(CD3+)、细胞毒性t抑制细胞(CD8+)、表达活化标记CD25+(受体IL2)的细胞和Th1/Th2增加。在核糖核酸预约的复杂免疫调节和抗病毒作用的影响下，与仅接受基础治疗的患者相比，免疫参数有更积极的动态变化，表现为增殖反应的增加。结论。为了纠正与VEB相关的IM患者的免疫紊乱，使用药物nuclex(核糖核酸)(250 mg) 2粒胶囊，每天3次，持续14天，伐昔洛韦(500 mg)，剂量为1000 mg(2表)，每天3次，持续14天。
{"title":"Clinical and immunological efficiency of different therapy schemes in patients with infectious mononucleosis caused by Epstein-Barr virus","authors":"K. Pavlikova, T. Liadova, O. Volobuieva, Alla Hamilovska, N. Shepileva","doi":"10.26565/2313-6693-2021-43-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2313-6693-2021-43-08","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The study of the role of Epstein-Barr virus infection in the development of various human pathological conditions is of great importance. This is due to the significant epidemiological role and social significance, because according to epidemiological data, more than 90 % of people are infected with VEB when they reach adulthood. The steady increase in the number of diseases caused by VEB in both adults and children is associated with its specific susceptibility to immunocompetent cells, lifelong persistence and latent course, which necessitates a comprehensive study and development of effective treatments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of ribonucleic acid in the correction of immune disorders in patients with infectious mononucleosis caused by Epstein-Barr virus. Materials and methods: To achieve this goal, 110 patients with IM were examined, including 58 women (52.7 %), men – 52 (47.3 %). The mean age of patients was 23.3 ± 4.2 years. The material for the study was the serum of patients obtained in the dynamics of the disease. The complex of examination of patients with IM included clinical and biochemical methods, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, polymerase chain reaction method, immunogram. The results of the research were processed by the method of variation and correlation statistics using the program «Statistica 10.0 for Windows». The analysis of the obtained results allowed to establish that in patients with IM changes in the system of cellular and humoral parts of the immune system and the diversity of the immune response were detected. The progressive nature of changes in immune parameters indicates the formation of secondary cellular immune imbalance, activation of the humoral link, a change in the balance of immunoregulatory mediators towards Th2 cells. In the acute period, probable disorders of the cellular immune system, characterized by an increase in the number of cells with killer activity: mature T-lymphocytes (CD3+), cytotoxic T-suppressor cells (CD8+), cells expressing the activation marker CD25+ (receptor IL2) and increase Th1/Th2. Under the influence of complex immunomodulatory and antiviral action with the appointment of ribonucleic acid, there is a more positive dynamics of immunological parameters compared with patients who received only basic therapy, which is manifested by an increase in the proliferative response. Conclusions. For the correction of immune disorders in patients with IM, associated with VEB the use of complex therapy with the drug nuclex (ribonucleic acid) (250 mg) 2 capsules 3 times a day for 14 days and valaciclovir (500 mg) at a dose of 1000 mg (2 table) 3 times a day for 14 days.","PeriodicalId":33522,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Ekonomika","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83673672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.26565/2313-6693-2021-43-09
O. Salyenkova, S. Danyliuk, Y. Ovcharenko
Introduction. The skin biopsies of 30 patients with androgenetic alopecia before and after treatment with platelet-rich plasma in combination with 2 % minoxidil were examined by immunohistochemistry. Goal. The study looked at immunohistochemical changes in the scalp biopsies of patients with stage I-II androgenetic alopecia according to the Ludwig scale and to identify possible changes after injection of platelet-rich plasma in combination with topical 2 % minoxidil lotion. Materials and methods. Skin biopsies of 30 patients with androgenetic alopecia were examined using an immunohistochemical study before and after treatment, which lasted 3 months and included 3 sessions of PRP (once per month) and topical application of minoxidil 2 % lotion twice a day. Results. It was found that androgenetic alorecia is accompanied by inflammatory perifollicular infiltration by T-lymphocytes CD3 +, CD4 + and CD8 +, macrophages (CD68 +); imbalance of germ polypeptides VEGF, TGF-β1, EGFR; accumulation of oxidative stress enzymes eNOS and iNOS; accumulation of pathological fraction of collagen IV. Injections of platelet-rich plasma in combination with topical administration of 2 % minoxidil as a treatment for androgenetic alopecia lead to normalization of immunohistochemical parameters of the skin, which indicates the possibility of using this combination for long-term therapeutic effect. Conclusions. This study complemented the understanding of the pathogenesis of AGA and serves as a basis for improving treatment regimens for this pathology. However, additional studies are needed to further study the pathomorphology of androgenetic alopecia and to standardize the technique of using platelet-rich plasma in patients with this disease.
{"title":"Immunomorphological features of women's skin with androgenetic alopecia in the treatment of plasma enriched with platelets in combination with topical minoxidil 2 % lotion","authors":"O. Salyenkova, S. Danyliuk, Y. Ovcharenko","doi":"10.26565/2313-6693-2021-43-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26565/2313-6693-2021-43-09","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The skin biopsies of 30 patients with androgenetic alopecia before and after treatment with platelet-rich plasma in combination with 2 % minoxidil were examined by immunohistochemistry. Goal. The study looked at immunohistochemical changes in the scalp biopsies of patients with stage I-II androgenetic alopecia according to the Ludwig scale and to identify possible changes after injection of platelet-rich plasma in combination with topical 2 % minoxidil lotion. Materials and methods. Skin biopsies of 30 patients with androgenetic alopecia were examined using an immunohistochemical study before and after treatment, which lasted 3 months and included 3 sessions of PRP (once per month) and topical application of minoxidil 2 % lotion twice a day. Results. It was found that androgenetic alorecia is accompanied by inflammatory perifollicular infiltration by T-lymphocytes CD3 +, CD4 + and CD8 +, macrophages (CD68 +); imbalance of germ polypeptides VEGF, TGF-β1, EGFR; accumulation of oxidative stress enzymes eNOS and iNOS; accumulation of pathological fraction of collagen IV. Injections of platelet-rich plasma in combination with topical administration of 2 % minoxidil as a treatment for androgenetic alopecia lead to normalization of immunohistochemical parameters of the skin, which indicates the possibility of using this combination for long-term therapeutic effect. Conclusions. This study complemented the understanding of the pathogenesis of AGA and serves as a basis for improving treatment regimens for this pathology. However, additional studies are needed to further study the pathomorphology of androgenetic alopecia and to standardize the technique of using platelet-rich plasma in patients with this disease.","PeriodicalId":33522,"journal":{"name":"Visnik Kharkivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu imeni VN Karazina Seriia Ekonomika","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89125746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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