Pub Date : 1995-03-05DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1995.469080
Shaotang Chen, T. Lipo
A new type of soft-switched inverter which has particular potential for battery powered applications such as electric vehicle drives is proposed. The topology is derived from the passively clamped quasi resonant link (PCQRL) circuit. By introducing magnetic coupling between the two resonant inductors, the auxiliary switches can be reduced from two to one and only a single magnetic core is required for the resonant DC link. An analysis of this novel PCQRL topology with coupled inductors is presented to reveal the various soft switching characteristics. In comparison with the conventional passively clamped continuously resonant DC link inverter, this novel soft switched inverter can reduce voltage stresses from more than 2 p.u. to 1.1-1.3 p.u. It can also provide soft-switched PWM operation. Simulation and experiment are performed to backup the analysis.<>
{"title":"Soft-switched inverter for electric vehicle drives","authors":"Shaotang Chen, T. Lipo","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1995.469080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1995.469080","url":null,"abstract":"A new type of soft-switched inverter which has particular potential for battery powered applications such as electric vehicle drives is proposed. The topology is derived from the passively clamped quasi resonant link (PCQRL) circuit. By introducing magnetic coupling between the two resonant inductors, the auxiliary switches can be reduced from two to one and only a single magnetic core is required for the resonant DC link. An analysis of this novel PCQRL topology with coupled inductors is presented to reveal the various soft switching characteristics. In comparison with the conventional passively clamped continuously resonant DC link inverter, this novel soft switched inverter can reduce voltage stresses from more than 2 p.u. to 1.1-1.3 p.u. It can also provide soft-switched PWM operation. Simulation and experiment are performed to backup the analysis.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":335367,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition - APEC'95","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117229212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-03-05DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1995.469056
A. Kislovski
An important issue in uninterruptible power systems is recharging of the storage battery after line interruptions. Recharging may become marginal if the load absorbs constant power, and if the rectifiers feature a constant-current limit. It is shown that in the recharging mode the constant-power rectifiers perform better than their constant-current counterparts.<>
{"title":"Optimizing the reliability of DC power plants with backup batteries and constant-power loads","authors":"A. Kislovski","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1995.469056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1995.469056","url":null,"abstract":"An important issue in uninterruptible power systems is recharging of the storage battery after line interruptions. Recharging may become marginal if the load absorbs constant power, and if the rectifiers feature a constant-current limit. It is shown that in the recharging mode the constant-power rectifiers perform better than their constant-current counterparts.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":335367,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition - APEC'95","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128299742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-03-05DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1995.469013
A. F. Petrie, C. Hymowitz
Berkeley SPICE is the most popular program for simulating the behavior of electronic circuits. The biggest stumbling block that most engineers run into is turning company specifications or vendor data sheets into SPICE device models that emulate real devices and run without problems. This is especially true for power devices, like IGBTs, where the cost of testing and possibly destroying devices is prohibitive. This paper describes the first known SPICE subcircuit macro model for IGBTs. Simulation results and a simple software solution for extracting SPICE models from data sheet parameters are presented.<>
{"title":"A SPICE model for IGBTs","authors":"A. F. Petrie, C. Hymowitz","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1995.469013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1995.469013","url":null,"abstract":"Berkeley SPICE is the most popular program for simulating the behavior of electronic circuits. The biggest stumbling block that most engineers run into is turning company specifications or vendor data sheets into SPICE device models that emulate real devices and run without problems. This is especially true for power devices, like IGBTs, where the cost of testing and possibly destroying devices is prohibitive. This paper describes the first known SPICE subcircuit macro model for IGBTs. Simulation results and a simple software solution for extracting SPICE models from data sheet parameters are presented.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":335367,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition - APEC'95","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128422023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-03-05DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1995.469096
W. Moussa
The use of the CC-PWM switch model for the average large and small-signal modeling of a current-programmed control DC-to-DC SEPIC converter, operating in the continuous conduction mode is presented. Derivation of the model and its use in the performance evaluation of a practical 5 V regulator are shown. Predicted simulation results are confirmed by measurements for both load transient and the loop-gain frequency response for stability conditions.<>
采用CC-PWM开关模型对工作在连续导通模式下的电流编程控制dc - dc SEPIC变换器进行平均大信号和小信号建模。给出了该模型的推导及其在实际5v稳压器性能评估中的应用。预测的仿真结果被负载暂态和稳定条件下的环增益频率响应的测量所证实。
{"title":"Modeling and performance evaluation of a DC/DC SEPIC converter","authors":"W. Moussa","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1995.469096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1995.469096","url":null,"abstract":"The use of the CC-PWM switch model for the average large and small-signal modeling of a current-programmed control DC-to-DC SEPIC converter, operating in the continuous conduction mode is presented. Derivation of the model and its use in the performance evaluation of a practical 5 V regulator are shown. Predicted simulation results are confirmed by measurements for both load transient and the loop-gain frequency response for stability conditions.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":335367,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition - APEC'95","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132851310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-03-05DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1995.468984
M. T. Zhang, Yimin Jiang, F. C. Lee, Milan M. Jovanovic
In many single-phase power factor correction (PFC) applications, the power level can reach several kilowatts; and in some situations, the input voltage can be quite high too. For high power and/or high voltage applications, the major concerns of the conventional boost PFC converter are the inductor volume and weight, and losses on the power devices, which will affect converter cost, efficiency, and power density. In this paper, a three-level boost converter is adopted for single-phase PFC, which uses a much smaller inductor and lower voltage devices than the conventional boost PFC converter does, yielding high power density, high efficiency, and low cost.<>
{"title":"Single-phase three-level boost power factor correction converter","authors":"M. T. Zhang, Yimin Jiang, F. C. Lee, Milan M. Jovanovic","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1995.468984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1995.468984","url":null,"abstract":"In many single-phase power factor correction (PFC) applications, the power level can reach several kilowatts; and in some situations, the input voltage can be quite high too. For high power and/or high voltage applications, the major concerns of the conventional boost PFC converter are the inductor volume and weight, and losses on the power devices, which will affect converter cost, efficiency, and power density. In this paper, a three-level boost converter is adopted for single-phase PFC, which uses a much smaller inductor and lower voltage devices than the conventional boost PFC converter does, yielding high power density, high efficiency, and low cost.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":335367,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition - APEC'95","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130934002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-03-05DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1995.469031
Jae-Ho Choi, Ga-Woo Park, S. Dewan
This paper presents a standby power supply/active power filter (SPS/APF) system. This system provides combined functions of high efficiency power backup and harmful harmonics elimination. Based on the bilateral power converter using a current forced switching scheme, the line current can be sinusoidally regulated with unity power factor in APF mode and the voltage waveform distortion can be kept small in SPS mode by instantaneous voltage control. Introduction of the harmonic problems generated by the nonlinear loads, the calculation method of the instantaneous reactive current components achieving current distortion compensation and power factor correction, and the full digital control hardware and software schemes using a TMS320C25 digital signal processor are discussed in detail. Finally, the theoretical analysis is verified both by simulated and experimental results in a 3 kW laboratory prototype system.<>
{"title":"Standby power supply with active power filter ability using digital controller","authors":"Jae-Ho Choi, Ga-Woo Park, S. Dewan","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1995.469031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1995.469031","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a standby power supply/active power filter (SPS/APF) system. This system provides combined functions of high efficiency power backup and harmful harmonics elimination. Based on the bilateral power converter using a current forced switching scheme, the line current can be sinusoidally regulated with unity power factor in APF mode and the voltage waveform distortion can be kept small in SPS mode by instantaneous voltage control. Introduction of the harmonic problems generated by the nonlinear loads, the calculation method of the instantaneous reactive current components achieving current distortion compensation and power factor correction, and the full digital control hardware and software schemes using a TMS320C25 digital signal processor are discussed in detail. Finally, the theoretical analysis is verified both by simulated and experimental results in a 3 kW laboratory prototype system.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":335367,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition - APEC'95","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130214144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-03-05DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1995.469103
A. Salih, R. Slocumb, P. Hadizad, C. Thero
High voltage (100-1000 V) GaAs rectifiers were fabricated and found to improve circuit performance by increasing frequency and power density. Schottky diodes give small stored charge (5 nC) and are ideal for high frequency power supplies. GaAs p-n rectifiers allowing large current and soft recovery are advantageous as IGBT-freewheeling diodes.<>
{"title":"GaAs rectifiers for power supply and motor control applications","authors":"A. Salih, R. Slocumb, P. Hadizad, C. Thero","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1995.469103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1995.469103","url":null,"abstract":"High voltage (100-1000 V) GaAs rectifiers were fabricated and found to improve circuit performance by increasing frequency and power density. Schottky diodes give small stored charge (5 nC) and are ideal for high frequency power supplies. GaAs p-n rectifiers allowing large current and soft recovery are advantageous as IGBT-freewheeling diodes.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":335367,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition - APEC'95","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126751030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-03-05DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1995.469091
S. Ben-Yaakov, M. Gulko
Design requirement and performance evaluation were carried out on an experimental electronic ballast for high pressure sodium (HPS) lamp. The ballast included a high voltage ignitor and dimming capability. It was used to drive and examine the high frequency characteristics of a commercial HPS lamp (NAV-T 150 W (SON-T), OSRAM). The experimental results reveal that for the frequency range of this study (27-75 kHz), the lamp is free of the acoustic resonance problem. It was also found that for the present experimental conditions, the lamp is purely resistive and that the resistance is practically independent of the power level and operating frequency. The lamp exhibited stable operation over a very large dimming range, down to about 7% of nominal power. The 2.8 kV ignition pulse was found to be sufficient for both cold and hot start up under the proposed operating conditions.<>
{"title":"Design and performance of an electronic ballast for high pressure sodium (HPS) lamps","authors":"S. Ben-Yaakov, M. Gulko","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1995.469091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1995.469091","url":null,"abstract":"Design requirement and performance evaluation were carried out on an experimental electronic ballast for high pressure sodium (HPS) lamp. The ballast included a high voltage ignitor and dimming capability. It was used to drive and examine the high frequency characteristics of a commercial HPS lamp (NAV-T 150 W (SON-T), OSRAM). The experimental results reveal that for the frequency range of this study (27-75 kHz), the lamp is free of the acoustic resonance problem. It was also found that for the present experimental conditions, the lamp is purely resistive and that the resistance is practically independent of the power level and operating frequency. The lamp exhibited stable operation over a very large dimming range, down to about 7% of nominal power. The 2.8 kV ignition pulse was found to be sufficient for both cold and hot start up under the proposed operating conditions.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":335367,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition - APEC'95","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126416562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-03-05DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1995.469105
S. Clemente
This paper presents a simple method to predict the losses in the power semiconductors of an inverter where the output sinewave is obtained by pulse-width modulation of a high frequency carrier. This is accomplished by means of accurate device models based on a large number of measurements on a statistically representative population. Closed form expressions to calculate conduction and switching losses are also presented. With this information and the thermal environment specific to the application, a simple spreadsheet can be designed that provides a breakdown of losses and temperatures for any operating condition, including regeneration, locked rotor and third harmonic distortion.<>
{"title":"A simple tool for the selection of IGBTs for motor drives and UPSs","authors":"S. Clemente","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1995.469105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1995.469105","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a simple method to predict the losses in the power semiconductors of an inverter where the output sinewave is obtained by pulse-width modulation of a high frequency carrier. This is accomplished by means of accurate device models based on a large number of measurements on a statistically representative population. Closed form expressions to calculate conduction and switching losses are also presented. With this information and the thermal environment specific to the application, a simple spreadsheet can be designed that provides a breakdown of losses and temperatures for any operating condition, including regeneration, locked rotor and third harmonic distortion.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":335367,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition - APEC'95","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114272717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-03-05DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1995.468981
T. Uematsu, R. S. Wallace
Low cost, high reliability, and competitive weight and efficiency combine to make the switched reluctance (SR) motor drive a strong candidate for application in future electric vehicle (EV) propulsion systems. This paper presents methods and results of a prototype SR motor design study. Finite element analysis and transient simulation results predict performance, efficiency, and weight that are competitive with existing EV propulsion systems, which have been tested in compact automobiles and small trucks.<>
{"title":"Design of a 100 kW switched reluctance motor for electric vehicle propulsion","authors":"T. Uematsu, R. S. Wallace","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1995.468981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1995.468981","url":null,"abstract":"Low cost, high reliability, and competitive weight and efficiency combine to make the switched reluctance (SR) motor drive a strong candidate for application in future electric vehicle (EV) propulsion systems. This paper presents methods and results of a prototype SR motor design study. Finite element analysis and transient simulation results predict performance, efficiency, and weight that are competitive with existing EV propulsion systems, which have been tested in compact automobiles and small trucks.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":335367,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of 1995 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition - APEC'95","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131415699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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