Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2023-21-1-43-50
Е. В. Лемешко, С. Н. Васюкевич, С. В. Губкин, Yegor V. Lemeshko, Sergey N. Vasukevich, Sergey V. Goubkin
When conducting electrophysiological studies, electrodes are used to register bioelectrical signals, the correct choice and use of which determine the reliability and diagnostic significance of the data obtained. Recording an electrocardiogram is a standard procedure in medicine, but its monitoring is often limited to 24 hours.This is due to the limited performance of the electrodes. The properties of the skin/electrode interface determine the performance of medical equipment. Therefore, the surface conditions and the composition of the material from which the electrode is made should comply with the requirements of the electrocardiogram recording device. It is important to implement fast transmission of a useful signal with low losses and without artifacts. Modern electrodes using Ag/AgCl have a limited-service life, since their dehydration and surface degradation lead to the formation of various artifacts on the electrocardiogram record. Alternative – dry flexible electrodes. Such electrodes can be based on carbon materials (reduced graphene oxide or a diamond-like coating) on a plastic (film) substrate. The emphasis of modern research is aimed at carrying out work on the development of dry electrodes, which would provide an opportunity to carry out high-quality long-term registration of electrocardiosignals without gels and adhesives.
{"title":"Development of New Generation Electrodes for Registration of Heart Bioelectric Potentials","authors":"Е. В. Лемешко, С. Н. Васюкевич, С. В. Губкин, Yegor V. Lemeshko, Sergey N. Vasukevich, Sergey V. Goubkin","doi":"10.35596/1729-7648-2023-21-1-43-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2023-21-1-43-50","url":null,"abstract":"When conducting electrophysiological studies, electrodes are used to register bioelectrical signals, the correct choice and use of which determine the reliability and diagnostic significance of the data obtained. Recording an electrocardiogram is a standard procedure in medicine, but its monitoring is often limited to 24 hours.This is due to the limited performance of the electrodes. The properties of the skin/electrode interface determine the performance of medical equipment. Therefore, the surface conditions and the composition of the material from which the electrode is made should comply with the requirements of the electrocardiogram recording device. It is important to implement fast transmission of a useful signal with low losses and without artifacts. Modern electrodes using Ag/AgCl have a limited-service life, since their dehydration and surface degradation lead to the formation of various artifacts on the electrocardiogram record. Alternative – dry flexible electrodes. Such electrodes can be based on carbon materials (reduced graphene oxide or a diamond-like coating) on a plastic (film) substrate. The emphasis of modern research is aimed at carrying out work on the development of dry electrodes, which would provide an opportunity to carry out high-quality long-term registration of electrocardiosignals without gels and adhesives.","PeriodicalId":33565,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta informatiki i radioelektroniki","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48323986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2023-21-1-51-57
V. Alexeev, G. Piskun
The design features of medical electronic devices are considered. It is shown that the development of medical electronics is not an easy task and the designer must be prepared to face problems and regulations that are more strict than for household appliances, due to the fact that the failure of these devices to work properly can lead to tragic consequences, up to death. A number of difficulties that arise in the process of designing medical equipment is shown, which is presented in the form of a hierarchy of decisions. The main standards for designing devices of such type are given, among which there are IEC-60601-1-1 and IEC-60601-1-2 that deserve special attention, since compliance with their requirements is crucial for certification and release to the market of manufactured equipment. The use of a risk management matrix is proposed, which is used to provide quantitative indicators for each possible risk associated with a medical device in any mode of operation and possible malfunction.
{"title":"Features of Design of Medical Electronic Devices","authors":"V. Alexeev, G. Piskun","doi":"10.35596/1729-7648-2023-21-1-51-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2023-21-1-51-57","url":null,"abstract":"The design features of medical electronic devices are considered. It is shown that the development of medical electronics is not an easy task and the designer must be prepared to face problems and regulations that are more strict than for household appliances, due to the fact that the failure of these devices to work properly can lead to tragic consequences, up to death. A number of difficulties that arise in the process of designing medical equipment is shown, which is presented in the form of a hierarchy of decisions. The main standards for designing devices of such type are given, among which there are IEC-60601-1-1 and IEC-60601-1-2 that deserve special attention, since compliance with their requirements is crucial for certification and release to the market of manufactured equipment. The use of a risk management matrix is proposed, which is used to provide quantitative indicators for each possible risk associated with a medical device in any mode of operation and possible malfunction.","PeriodicalId":33565,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta informatiki i radioelektroniki","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47204720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2023-21-1-19-25
И. И. Ревинская, Ina I. Revinskaya
A mathematical model of the biomechanics of human respiration has been developed. To verify the proposed mathematical model, it is suggested to use a photo-optical method for recording the biomechanics of the chest and abdomen together with spirometry. Pilot studies were carried out among 10 men aged 20–22. The body mass index of the subjects ranged from 19.3 to 21.5 kg/m², height – from 169 to 182 cm, weight – from 55 to 70 kg. Correlation-regression analysis of the results showed a strong relationship between biomechanical movements of the chest and abdominal walls and changes in the diameters of the airways during continuous breathing (correlation coefficient r = 0.89, statistically significant test result p ≤ 0.05). The proposed mathematical model can be used for indirect estimation of lung volume.
{"title":"Mathematical Model for Estimation of Volume Respiratory Parameters","authors":"И. И. Ревинская, Ina I. Revinskaya","doi":"10.35596/1729-7648-2023-21-1-19-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2023-21-1-19-25","url":null,"abstract":"A mathematical model of the biomechanics of human respiration has been developed. To verify the proposed mathematical model, it is suggested to use a photo-optical method for recording the biomechanics of the chest and abdomen together with spirometry. Pilot studies were carried out among 10 men aged 20–22. The body mass index of the subjects ranged from 19.3 to 21.5 kg/m², height – from 169 to 182 cm, weight – from 55 to 70 kg. Correlation-regression analysis of the results showed a strong relationship between biomechanical movements of the chest and abdominal walls and changes in the diameters of the airways during continuous breathing (correlation coefficient r = 0.89, statistically significant test result p ≤ 0.05). The proposed mathematical model can be used for indirect estimation of lung volume.","PeriodicalId":33565,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta informatiki i radioelektroniki","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69902829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2023-21-1-12-18
V. V. Sinitsyna, A. Prudnik
The problem of perception of visual information by people with color vision anomalies remains quite relevant, as evidenced by the interest in studying this problem not only in medicine, but also in the field of medical technology. Researchers around are working on the task to create algorithms and software that can transform images and videos in accordance with their correct perception by people with color blindness. However, today there are no algorithms that allow people with any type, form, and degree of color vision anomaly to correctly perceive the visual information surrounding them. Based on the considered advantages and disadvantages of existing algorithms, conclusions were drawn about the requirements for the designed recoloring algorithms, which are planned to be implemented in software to help people with color perception issues. Such algorithms will not only allow correct video conversion for people with dichromacy and monochromacy but will also enable users with any degree of anomalous trichromacy to perceive the world around them most accurately. In addition, these algorithms will be distinguished by the high speed of the recolorization process, and the “naturalness” of the colors obtained in the process of transformations.
{"title":"Designing Recolorization Algorithms to Help People with Color Vision Anomalies","authors":"V. V. Sinitsyna, A. Prudnik","doi":"10.35596/1729-7648-2023-21-1-12-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2023-21-1-12-18","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of perception of visual information by people with color vision anomalies remains quite relevant, as evidenced by the interest in studying this problem not only in medicine, but also in the field of medical technology. Researchers around are working on the task to create algorithms and software that can transform images and videos in accordance with their correct perception by people with color blindness. However, today there are no algorithms that allow people with any type, form, and degree of color vision anomaly to correctly perceive the visual information surrounding them. Based on the considered advantages and disadvantages of existing algorithms, conclusions were drawn about the requirements for the designed recoloring algorithms, which are planned to be implemented in software to help people with color perception issues. Such algorithms will not only allow correct video conversion for people with dichromacy and monochromacy but will also enable users with any degree of anomalous trichromacy to perceive the world around them most accurately. In addition, these algorithms will be distinguished by the high speed of the recolorization process, and the “naturalness” of the colors obtained in the process of transformations.","PeriodicalId":33565,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta informatiki i radioelektroniki","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43183722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-51-58
H. K. Saad, M. Loban
A method for selecting spoofing signals in consumer equipment with a multichannel antenna system is proposed. The method provides for consistent filtering of the received signals at the outputs of all antenna system elements and by ranging codes of all navigation satellites, detection and measurement of the time delay of the true and false navigation signals in each code channel by the output signal of one of the antenna system elements, measurement of the phase difference of the signals at the outputs of the antenna system elements and the selected reference element for the estimated time delay in each channel by code. Compensation of spoofing signals is carried out in the spatial domain by estimating the correlation matrix of processes at the outputs of the antenna system channels by the corresponding countdown of code channel signals after matched filtering and forming of a weight vector while minimizing the output power of spoofing signals by directly inverting the estimate of the correlation matrix and carrying out weight processing of the adopted implementation. The simulation results are presented, confirming the efficiency of the method.
{"title":"Spoofing’s Selection and Compensation in the Global Navigation Satellite System Consumer Navigation Equipment with Multi-Channel Antenna System","authors":"H. K. Saad, M. Loban","doi":"10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-51-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-51-58","url":null,"abstract":"A method for selecting spoofing signals in consumer equipment with a multichannel antenna system is proposed. The method provides for consistent filtering of the received signals at the outputs of all antenna system elements and by ranging codes of all navigation satellites, detection and measurement of the time delay of the true and false navigation signals in each code channel by the output signal of one of the antenna system elements, measurement of the phase difference of the signals at the outputs of the antenna system elements and the selected reference element for the estimated time delay in each channel by code. Compensation of spoofing signals is carried out in the spatial domain by estimating the correlation matrix of processes at the outputs of the antenna system channels by the corresponding countdown of code channel signals after matched filtering and forming of a weight vector while minimizing the output power of spoofing signals by directly inverting the estimate of the correlation matrix and carrying out weight processing of the adopted implementation. The simulation results are presented, confirming the efficiency of the method.","PeriodicalId":33565,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta informatiki i radioelektroniki","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42646042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-67-74
I. A. Zakharov, O. A. Karmanova, A. Gusinsky, M. M. Kasperovich, D. G. Bulavko, A. N. Kuzyukov, D. Lisov, Y. V. Shevaldina
{"title":"Element for Matching a Waveguide Transmission Line with a Diode","authors":"I. A. Zakharov, O. A. Karmanova, A. Gusinsky, M. M. Kasperovich, D. G. Bulavko, A. N. Kuzyukov, D. Lisov, Y. V. Shevaldina","doi":"10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-67-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-67-74","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33565,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta informatiki i radioelektroniki","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48682271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-42-50
A. V. Ausiannikau, V. Kozel
A histogram filter with smoothing parameter settings is discussed in the article. The histogram filter can be effectively applied in the problems of identification (recognition) of distribution laws for small amounts of data. The smoothing parameter is determined taking into account the available a priori information regarding the proposed distribution law. The relationship between the mathematical expectations of the chi-square fit criterion of the standard estimation histogram and the use of the histogram filter has been determined. This ratio is determined by the smoothing factor. The numerical value of the smoothing coefficient depends on the following parameters: the amount of data, the number of grouping intervals, and the shape parameters of the distribution law. The paper analyzes the feasibility of using a histogram filter, depending on the ratio of the above parameters. The dependence of the smoothing coefficient on the specified parameters allows one to determine the relationship between the number of data grouping intervals and their volume. The histogram filter is an easy-to-implement tool that can be easily integrated into any open distribution law identification (recognition) algorithm
{"title":"Histogram Filter with Smoothing Parameter Setting","authors":"A. V. Ausiannikau, V. Kozel","doi":"10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-42-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-42-50","url":null,"abstract":"A histogram filter with smoothing parameter settings is discussed in the article. The histogram filter can be effectively applied in the problems of identification (recognition) of distribution laws for small amounts of data. The smoothing parameter is determined taking into account the available a priori information regarding the proposed distribution law. The relationship between the mathematical expectations of the chi-square fit criterion of the standard estimation histogram and the use of the histogram filter has been determined. This ratio is determined by the smoothing factor. The numerical value of the smoothing coefficient depends on the following parameters: the amount of data, the number of grouping intervals, and the shape parameters of the distribution law. The paper analyzes the feasibility of using a histogram filter, depending on the ratio of the above parameters. The dependence of the smoothing coefficient on the specified parameters allows one to determine the relationship between the number of data grouping intervals and their volume. The histogram filter is an easy-to-implement tool that can be easily integrated into any open distribution law identification (recognition) algorithm","PeriodicalId":33565,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta informatiki i radioelektroniki","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44041257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-59-66
M. A. Yantsevich, G. Filipovich
{"title":"Broadband Matching of Patch-Antenna for Geolocation","authors":"M. A. Yantsevich, G. Filipovich","doi":"10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-59-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-59-66","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33565,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta informatiki i radioelektroniki","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47290824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-75-83
V. V. Bachilo, V. I. Dravitsa, N. Listopad
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of the Capabilities of IPv6 and IPv4 Protocols to Provide the Designated Quality of Service","authors":"V. V. Bachilo, V. I. Dravitsa, N. Listopad","doi":"10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-75-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-75-83","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33565,"journal":{"name":"Doklady Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta informatiki i radioelektroniki","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46564187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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