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Electrically Tunable Gyrohelitrons with Crossed Fields 具有交叉场的电可调谐回旋管
Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-92-98
A. Kurayev, V. Matveyenka
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引用次数: 0
Non-Stationary Electrolysis of a Tin-Copper Alloy 锡铜合金的非稳态电解
Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-21-27
D. Y. Gulpa, I. I. Kuzmar, L. Kushner
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Rapid Thermal Annealing Conditions on the Specific Resistance of the Ohmic Contacts of Ti/Al/Ni/Au Metallization to the GaN/AlGaN Heterostructure 快速热处理条件对Ti/Al/Ni/Au金属化欧姆接触GaN/AlGaN异质结构比电阻的影响
Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-14-20
A. Yunik, J. Solovjov
Effect of rapid thermal annealing conditions on the specific resistance of the ohmic contacts of Ti/Al/Ni/Au metallization with layer thicknesses of 20/120/40/40 nm to the GaN/AlGaN heterostructure with a two-dimensional electron gas on a sapphire substrate has been discovered by transmission line measurement. Rapid thermal annealing of the samples was carried out by the contact heating from the sapphire substrate side in a nitrogen atmosphere at the temperature range from 750 to 1000 °C for 30, 60, and 90 s. It has been discovered that the dependence of the specific contact resistance on the temperature contains two temperature optimums, at which the specific contact resistance of the ohmic contact is less than 1 ⋅  10–4 Ohm⋅ cm2. The appearance of the first temperature optimum is due to the decrease of the distance from the diffusion front of the low-resistance layer of intermetallic compounds formed during the rapid thermal annealing of the Ti/Al/Ni/Au metallization to the region of the two-dimensional electron gas. Outside the first temperature optimum, an increase in the specific contact resistance of up to 9 ⋅  10–3 Ohm⋅ cm2 is observed, due to the absorption of the AlGaN layer by a low-resistance layer of intermetallic compounds, which leads to the degradation of the two-dimensional electron gas under the contacts and deterioration of its conductive properties. The second temperature optimum is due to the passage of the diffusion front of the two-dimensional electron gas region and the establishment of a side contact between the low-resistance intermetallic layer and the two-dimensional electron gas, which leads to the decrease in the specific contact resistance. With an increase in the fast thermal annealing time from 30 to 90 s the shift of the interval of the first temperature optimum from 800 to 775 °C for the lower boundary and from 825 to 800 °C for the upper boundary, and for the second temperature optimum from 875 to 850 °C for the lower boundary, and from 950 to 875 °C for the upper boundary is observed, which is due to an equivalent increase in the diffusion depth of the Ti/Al/Ni/Au metallization components. The results obtained can be used in the technology for creating GaN-based products with a two-dimensional electron gas.
通过传输线测量,发现了快速退火条件对层厚为20/120/40/40 nm的Ti/Al/Ni/Au金属化欧姆触点对蓝宝石衬底上具有二维电子气的GaN/AlGaN异质结构电阻的影响。在氮气气氛中,从蓝宝石衬底侧在750 ~ 1000℃的温度范围内进行了30、60和90 s的接触加热,对样品进行了快速退火。发现比接触电阻对温度的依赖关系包含两个温度最优,在这两个温度最优处,欧姆接触的比接触电阻小于1⋅10-4 Ohm⋅cm2。第一个温度最优的出现是由于Ti/Al/Ni/Au金属化快速热退火过程中形成的金属间化合物低阻层扩散前缘到二维电子气体区域的距离减小所致。在第一个最佳温度之外,由于金属间化合物的低电阻层对AlGaN层的吸收,导致接触下二维电子气体的降解,其导电性能下降,比接触电阻增加了9⋅10-3 Ohm⋅cm2。第二个温度最优是由于二维电子气区的扩散锋通过,低阻金属间层与二维电子气之间建立了侧接触,导致比接触电阻降低。与快速热退火时间从30到90年代第一温度区间的最优的转变,从800年到775°C下边界和从825年到800°C的上边界,和第二温度优化从875年到850°C下边界,从950年到875°C的上限是观察到的,这是由于一个等效的扩散深度增加钛/铝/镍/金金属化组件。所得结果可用于用二维电子气体制备氮化镓基产品的技术。
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引用次数: 0
Features of the Crystal Structure and Magnetic Characteristics of the Solid Solutions Ni1–xMxMnSb (M = Fe, Co) Systems 固溶体Ni1-xMxMnSb (M = Fe, Co)体系的晶体结构和磁性特征
Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-5-13
G. S. Rymski, V. Fedosyuk, A. Rutkauskas, E. V. Duzeva-Maltseva, A. Tuan, T. Ngoc
The results of studying the effect on the crystal structure and magnetic properties of compounds based on NiMnSb when Ni cations are replaced by Fe and Co cations are presented. The solid solution Ni1–xMxMnSb (M = Fe, Co) systems were synthesized by the method of solid-phase reactions. With the help of X-ray diffraction analysis, the presence of a concentration structural transition was established. Using the ponderomotive method, it was found that the temperatures of the “magnetic order – magnetic disorder” phase transformation decrease as nickel is replaced by iron and cobalt. The field dependences of the specific magnetization demonstrate the typical behavior of a magnetically soft ferromagnet. The results of an experiment on the study of the crystal and magnetic structure of solid solutions of the Ni0.90M0.10MnSb (M = Fe, Co) systems using thermal neutron diffraction in the temperature range of ~(3–300) K are presented. It is found that the studied compositions exhibit ferromagnetic ordering along the c axis. On the spectra of Ni0.90Co0.10MnSb solid solutions in the region of 2Θ  = 28.6° the appearance of a reflection indicating the formation of antiferromagnetic ordering is observed. Within the framework of the density functional theory, an ab initio calculation of the magnetic moments for Ni1-xMxMnSb (M = Fe, Co; x = 0; 0.125; 0.250) was carried out. The results of theoretical calculations predict the existence of magnetic moments for Fe and Co ions, and they are antiferromagnetically coupled to the spins of Mn and Ni ions.
本文介绍了用Fe和Co离子代替Ni离子对NiMnSb基化合物晶体结构和磁性能影响的研究结果。采用固相反应法制备了Ni1-xMxMnSb (M = Fe, Co)体系。借助x射线衍射分析,确定了存在浓度结构跃迁。用质动力法发现,当镍被铁和钴取代时,“磁有序-磁无序”相变温度降低。比磁化强度的场依赖性证明了磁性软铁磁体的典型行为。本文介绍了在~(3-300)K温度范围内用热中子衍射研究Ni0.90M0.10MnSb (M = Fe, Co)体系固溶体晶体和磁性结构的实验结果。发现所研究的组合物沿c轴呈现铁磁有序。在Ni0.90Co0.10MnSb固溶体2Θ = 28.6°区域的光谱上观察到一个反射现象,表明反铁磁有序的形成。在密度泛函理论的框架下,从头计算了Ni1-xMxMnSb (M = Fe, Co;X = 0;0.125;0.250)。理论计算结果预测了Fe和Co离子磁矩的存在,它们与Mn和Ni离子的自旋是反铁磁耦合的。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of Parameters of Two-Beam Laser Twelding of Quartz Raw Materials 石英原材料双光束激光整形参数的优化
Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-34-41
V. Emelyanov, E. B. Shershnev, Y. Nikitjuk, S. I. Sokolov, I. Y. Aushev
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引用次数: 0
The Technique for Manufacturing Flexible Electromagnetic Shields Based on Resistive Materials 基于电阻材料的柔性电磁屏蔽制造技术
Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-8-28-33
H. Ayad
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引用次数: 1
Prediction of the Ability to Develop the Relaxation Skill in Drivers of Locomotive Crews 机车车组驾驶员放松技能培养能力的预测
Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-7-95-101
N. V. Shcherbina
The effectiveness of biofeedback training for the development of relaxation skills using the NeuroDog hardware-software complex is investigated. The relaxation skill is one of the conditions for maintaining the functional state of drivers and assistant drivers of locomotive crews at an optimal level during a working trip, and it is also one of the factors for a successful inter-trip rest. A multiple regression analysis has been carried out, which allows to predict the indicators characterizing the success of developing the relaxation skill, depending on the severity of psychophysiological and personal indicators of drivers and assistant drivers of locomotive crews. Two regression models have been constructed to explain the dependence of the indicators of developing the skill of achieving relaxation on the psychophysiological and personal characteristics of drivers and assistant drivers of locomotive crews. Models are characterized by sufficient quality. Quality indicators: of the first regression model – coefficient of determination R2 = 0.71 (with F(40, 65) = 4.06, p = 0.00000027), Durbin-Watson statistics d = 1.81, of the second regression model – R2 = 0.75 (with F(49, 56) = 3.51, p = 0.0000043), d = 2.09. To predict the indicators of developing the skill of achieving relaxation, regression equations were obtained depending on the severity of psychophysiological and personal indicators of locomotive crew drivers.
使用NeuroDog硬件-软件复合体的生物反馈训练对放松技能发展的有效性进行了调查。放松技巧是使机车乘员驾驶员和副驾驶员在工作行程中保持最佳功能状态的条件之一,也是确保车组间休息成功的因素之一。通过多元回归分析,可以根据机车乘务员驾驶员和辅助驾驶员的心理生理和个人指标的严重程度,预测表征放松技巧发展成功的指标。建立了两个回归模型来解释机车乘员驾驶员和辅助驾驶员的心理生理和个人特征对放松技能发展指标的依赖关系。模型的特点是有足够的质量。质量指标:第一个回归模型-决定系数R2 = 0.71(其中F(40,65) = 4.06, p = 0.00000027), Durbin-Watson统计量d = 1.81;第二个回归模型- R2 = 0.75(其中F(49,56) = 3.51, p = 0.0000043), d = 2.09。为了预测机车乘务员放松技能发展的指标,根据机车乘务员的心理生理严重程度和个人指标建立了回归方程。
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引用次数: 0
Image Compression Using Walsh Functions 使用沃尔什函数的图像压缩
Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-7-88-94
A. A. Budzko, T. Dvornikova, E. A. Misulin, R. U. Snapko
Currently, image transfer and storage require compression. In this article, the hybrid compression algorithm is used for color/black and white images. It includes the discrete wavelet transformation and the Walsh transformation that is used for quantization. The Walsh transform coefficients are quantized and arithmetically encoded. At the output, the combined data is compressed and can be stored on any device or transmitted over any available network in the shortest time. The compressed image is decoded and the original image is decompressed using the inverse conversion operation.
目前,图像传输和存储都需要压缩。在本文中,混合压缩算法用于彩色/黑白图像。它包括离散小波变换和用于量化的沃尔什变换。沃尔什变换系数是量化和算术编码。在输出时,合并的数据被压缩,可以在最短的时间内存储在任何设备上或通过任何可用的网络传输。对压缩后的图像进行解码,并使用逆转换操作对原始图像进行解压缩。
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引用次数: 0
Model for Prediction of Testing Time of a Computer Program for Automated Reliability Evaluation of Semiconductor Devices 半导体器件可靠性自动评估计算机程序测试时间的预测模型
Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-7-72-80
V. Kaziuchyts, S. Borovikov, E. Shneiderov
The KLASS computer program planned for development is designed to work as a part of the ARION-plus software package and allows you to perform an automated assessment of the reliability of electronic products, including semiconductor devices. At the stage of work planning on the creation of the KLASS program, as a module of the ARION-plus complex, the question arose about the working time allotted for the procedure for testing a computer program. The approaches described in the scientific literature used to assess the operational reliability of computer programs, taking into account their testing, proceed from the fact that the program code has been written and debugged and there are certain data on the results of testing the computer program. Software developers would like to know the predicted testing time, which ensures a given operational reliability of a computer program, even before starting work on writing program code. Based on the analysis of the experimental data on the reliability of computer programs in various fields of application, a model is proposed for determining the testing time required to ensure the operational reliability of programs. The model was used for the computer program KLASS planned for development and takes into account the programming language, the amount of program code, the speed of the computer processor, and the scope of the program. Based on the obtained model, a nomogram with two binary fields was constructed, which allows one to quickly determine the predicted time for testing computer programs.
计划开发的KLASS计算机程序被设计为orion -plus软件包的一部分,并允许您对包括半导体设备在内的电子产品的可靠性进行自动评估。在创建KLASS程序的工作规划阶段,作为orion -plus综合体的一个模块,出现了关于测试计算机程序的程序分配工作时间的问题。考虑到计算机程序的测试,科学文献中描述的用于评估计算机程序运行可靠性的方法,是从程序代码已经编写和调试以及计算机程序测试结果有一定数据这一事实出发的。软件开发人员甚至在开始编写程序代码之前,就想知道预测的测试时间,以确保计算机程序的给定操作可靠性。在分析各种应用领域计算机程序可靠性实验数据的基础上,提出了保证程序运行可靠性所需测试时间的确定模型。该模型用于KLASS计划开发的计算机程序,并考虑了编程语言、程序代码量、计算机处理器速度和程序范围。在此基础上,构造了具有两个二元域的态图,可以快速确定计算机程序测试的预测时间。
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引用次数: 0
Multithreaded Convolution Implementation Based on Block Methods 基于块方法的多线程卷积实现
Pub Date : 2022-12-12 DOI: 10.35596/1729-7648-2022-20-7-81-87
A. V. Sharamet
A multithreaded convolution implementation based on block algorithms is considered. Convolution is essentially the basis of many methods that solve the problem of determining the degree of similarity or independence of two processes, in other words, when it is necessary to determine the degree of correlation. The algorithm itself is executed with a significant delay, because for its execution it is necessary to accumulate the entire signal and then process it. The analysis showed that one of the possible ways to reduce time costs is a multithreaded implementation of convolution based on block algorithms. The article shows the main features of the convolution implementation by the overlap method with addition and the overlap method with addition, as well as numerical examples. The results obtained show that the application of these methods without the use of a window function leads to significant distortions in the signal spectrum. Based on the results of the analysis, a universal scheme for performing convolution based on multithreaded processing of an input data block is proposed. This allows to achieve a good compromise between computational complexity, system architecture, and time costs.
提出了一种基于块算法的多线程卷积实现方法。卷积本质上是许多解决确定两个过程的相似程度或独立程度问题的方法的基础,换句话说,当需要确定相关程度时。算法本身的执行有很大的延迟,因为它的执行需要累积整个信号,然后对其进行处理。分析表明,减少时间成本的可能方法之一是基于块算法的多线程卷积实现。本文介绍了叠加法和叠加法实现卷积的主要特点,并给出了数值算例。结果表明,在不使用窗函数的情况下应用这些方法会导致信号频谱的明显失真。在分析结果的基础上,提出了一种基于输入数据块多线程处理的通用卷积方案。这允许在计算复杂性、系统架构和时间成本之间实现一个很好的折衷。
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引用次数: 0
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Doklady Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta informatiki i radioelektroniki
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