In order to provide sustainable development of agroecosystems and rational nature management, it is essential to make a transition to alternative farming methods. Organization of agricultural area is the first stage in the process of transforming a natural ecosystem into an agroecosystem. The limits of the types of agricultural area organization form natural boundaries of agroecosystems. The basis of conducting the research is the investigation of the ecological state of natural resources of agricultural enterprises of various forms of ownership in the eastern region of Opillia, namely the agroecosystems of two farms as a comparison of a traditional method of farming and a bioorganic one as well as their influence on the ecosystems on the territory of Berezhany district (investigation of the agroecosystems in TzOV “Zhyva Zemlia Potutory” in the village of Potutory Berezhany district (organic farming method), and TOV “Agroprodservis” in the village of Kozliv, Ternopil region). The research is aimed at the substantiation of ecological approaches and the analysis of practical recommendations on the formation of a mechanism of the development of ecologically-safe farming and at providing the ecological assessment of the agricultural landscapes in order to provide organic crop cultivation. Materials and methods corresponded to the methodology of a continuous soil-agrochemical monitoring of agricultural lands in Ukraine. In most cases, alternative farms cannot compete with traditional farms in terms of crop yield. Satisfactory crop yields absolutely depend on the amount of manure and compost applied as well as on the area that farmers can allocate for growing legumes.
{"title":"Investigation of the ecological state of natural resources at agricultural enterprises of various forms of ownership in the eastern region of Opllia","authors":"N. M. Glovyn, O. V. Pavliv","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet-a9818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-a9818","url":null,"abstract":"In order to provide sustainable development of agroecosystems and rational nature management, it is essential to make a transition to alternative farming methods. Organization of agricultural area is the first stage in the process of transforming a natural ecosystem into an agroecosystem. The limits of the types of agricultural area organization form natural boundaries of agroecosystems. The basis of conducting the research is the investigation of the ecological state of natural resources of agricultural enterprises of various forms of ownership in the eastern region of Opillia, namely the agroecosystems of two farms as a comparison of a traditional method of farming and a bioorganic one as well as their influence on the ecosystems on the territory of Berezhany district (investigation of the agroecosystems in TzOV “Zhyva Zemlia Potutory” in the village of Potutory Berezhany district (organic farming method), and TOV “Agroprodservis” in the village of Kozliv, Ternopil region). The research is aimed at the substantiation of ecological approaches and the analysis of practical recommendations on the formation of a mechanism of the development of ecologically-safe farming and at providing the ecological assessment of the agricultural landscapes in order to provide organic crop cultivation. Materials and methods corresponded to the methodology of a continuous soil-agrochemical monitoring of agricultural lands in Ukraine. In most cases, alternative farms cannot compete with traditional farms in terms of crop yield. Satisfactory crop yields absolutely depend on the amount of manure and compost applied as well as on the area that farmers can allocate for growing legumes.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44791215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sidashova, B. Gutyj, O. Stadnytska, U. Martyniuk, P. Vashchenko, I. P. Dudchak, V. Dutka, R. Oseredchuk, O. Bezaltychna, A. Kitaeva, A. V. Harbar, N. Y. Kibenko, O. Shevchenko, A. S. Fediaieva
The article is devoted to the development of ecological tourism in the agrarian territories of Ukraine, in particular, the creation of an organizational model of a living museum-ethno-farm, exhibits of which are productive gray cattle, whose herds a hundred years ago formed the basis of the economy disappearing. As objects of the tourist business, animals of the gray Ukrainian breed are beautiful to tourists: they have a beautiful appearance that is immediately memorable, have a calm, non-aggressive temperament, and have an excellent ability to get used to pastoral work. Today there are about a thousand animals of the aboriginal gray Ukrainian breed (in two state farms of Ukraine); this breed is recognized as a national heritage and has unique genetic and phenotypic qualities. The proposed model of a living open-air museum includes structural elements that allow creative use of local conditions of the modern Ukrainian village for the location of the ethno-farm and provide a vector of solutions to acute socio-cultural problems that will promote sustainable rural development: stop depopulation, expand to the history of their land, etc. The development of living museums-ethno-farms will reveal and use in the process of creative rethinking of folk traditions accumulated in previous generations invaluable qualities, namely: respect for rural labor and knowledge of the benefits of environmental management in environmental and social challenges.
{"title":"The Living Museum is an ethno farm of gray Ukrainian cattle as a model of the location of rural green tourism facilities","authors":"S. Sidashova, B. Gutyj, O. Stadnytska, U. Martyniuk, P. Vashchenko, I. P. Dudchak, V. Dutka, R. Oseredchuk, O. Bezaltychna, A. Kitaeva, A. V. Harbar, N. Y. Kibenko, O. Shevchenko, A. S. Fediaieva","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet-a9829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-a9829","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the development of ecological tourism in the agrarian territories of Ukraine, in particular, the creation of an organizational model of a living museum-ethno-farm, exhibits of which are productive gray cattle, whose herds a hundred years ago formed the basis of the economy disappearing. As objects of the tourist business, animals of the gray Ukrainian breed are beautiful to tourists: they have a beautiful appearance that is immediately memorable, have a calm, non-aggressive temperament, and have an excellent ability to get used to pastoral work. Today there are about a thousand animals of the aboriginal gray Ukrainian breed (in two state farms of Ukraine); this breed is recognized as a national heritage and has unique genetic and phenotypic qualities. The proposed model of a living open-air museum includes structural elements that allow creative use of local conditions of the modern Ukrainian village for the location of the ethno-farm and provide a vector of solutions to acute socio-cultural problems that will promote sustainable rural development: stop depopulation, expand to the history of their land, etc. The development of living museums-ethno-farms will reveal and use in the process of creative rethinking of folk traditions accumulated in previous generations invaluable qualities, namely: respect for rural labor and knowledge of the benefits of environmental management in environmental and social challenges.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43323938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Norway, all the necessary conditions have been created for the work of farm enterprises in the dairy direction of productivity. Proper treatment of animals, the creation of comfortable conditions for them, and financial support from the state are necessary components for the development of the dairy business in the country. The article describes the main components of the technology for producing ecological milk from cows at the farm Iver Tyldum, the city of Høylannet, Norway. This farm is the most potent milk production enterprise in Hoi Lannet. The total number of cows is 147, including 64 dairy cows. This is an “ecological farm”, the only one in the region, which is essential in the modern market conditions of production. The main advantage of such products is the creation of comfortable conditions for cows, proper care for them, and feeding plenty of young animals with natural feed, i.e., whole milk. The system of keeping animals is stall-pasture, and the method of keeping is untethered. An essential indicator of the profitability of ecological production is the milk productivity of cows. In the eco-economic enterprise Iver Tyldum, when evaluating cows' milk productivity, the energy adjustment technique is used. DeLaval VMSTM 310 robotic milking machine is used for milking cows. This is the most modern milking installation of the latest generation. The reproduction process of the herd is controlled by the innovative ReProTM system, which provides a reproduction control system, detects cows in heat, and determines a fixed calving date. In addition, this system excludes the need to check the animal's body with a veterinary medicine doctor. It allows you to see a clear picture of the reproductive status of each animal. Using this technology of milk production, the farmer achieves a correct and precise balance regarding milk quotas and maintains a sufficient level of profitability in his production.
{"title":"Characteristics of modern methods in milk production at the eco-economic enterprise Iver Tyldum (Norway)","authors":"S. O. Karlov, L. V. Karlova","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet-a9819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-a9819","url":null,"abstract":"In Norway, all the necessary conditions have been created for the work of farm enterprises in the dairy direction of productivity. Proper treatment of animals, the creation of comfortable conditions for them, and financial support from the state are necessary components for the development of the dairy business in the country. The article describes the main components of the technology for producing ecological milk from cows at the farm Iver Tyldum, the city of Høylannet, Norway. This farm is the most potent milk production enterprise in Hoi Lannet. The total number of cows is 147, including 64 dairy cows. This is an “ecological farm”, the only one in the region, which is essential in the modern market conditions of production. The main advantage of such products is the creation of comfortable conditions for cows, proper care for them, and feeding plenty of young animals with natural feed, i.e., whole milk. The system of keeping animals is stall-pasture, and the method of keeping is untethered. An essential indicator of the profitability of ecological production is the milk productivity of cows. In the eco-economic enterprise Iver Tyldum, when evaluating cows' milk productivity, the energy adjustment technique is used. DeLaval VMSTM 310 robotic milking machine is used for milking cows. This is the most modern milking installation of the latest generation. The reproduction process of the herd is controlled by the innovative ReProTM system, which provides a reproduction control system, detects cows in heat, and determines a fixed calving date. In addition, this system excludes the need to check the animal's body with a veterinary medicine doctor. It allows you to see a clear picture of the reproductive status of each animal. Using this technology of milk production, the farmer achieves a correct and precise balance regarding milk quotas and maintains a sufficient level of profitability in his production.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46568167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. P. Paranjak, B. Gutyj, N. Lytvyn, Yu. O. Didorenko
One of the aspects of military conflicts is environmental. A specific and rather intense impact accompanies the conduct of hostilities and preparations for war on the environment. Although ecological damage is not usually a goal of warfare, such damage is integral to most armed conflicts. There is no single model of how war affects the environment. At the same time, war, like most human activity, changes the environment, damaging natural ecosystems and destroying human habitats. Numerous attempts to classify the environmental consequences of military confrontation boil down to the fact that it is expedient to distinguish direct and indirect implications on different scales and at various stages of military conflict. The destruction of natural systems of Ukraine during the armed aggression of the Russian Federation and the accompanying environmental challenges are numerous and diverse: the use of ammunition and damage to enterprises of various industries, including the chemical industry, the rise of radioactive dust into the air due to the movement of heavy equipment in the Chornobyl zone and strikes on nuclear power plants and associated infrastructure facilities, destruction of gas pipelines and oil storage facilities, numerous fires in populated areas, mining of large areas and the impact of shock waves and combustion products on the components of natural and anthropogenically altered ecosystems, etc. The consequences of hostilities will affect nature, people, and society even after these actions are over. Among other things, the territories and objects of the PZF are in the risk zone. It is essential to record and document the facts of environmental crimes and develop long-term plans to neutralize their consequences.
{"title":"Problems of environmental protection as an aspect of military confrontation","authors":"R. P. Paranjak, B. Gutyj, N. Lytvyn, Yu. O. Didorenko","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet-a9832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet-a9832","url":null,"abstract":"One of the aspects of military conflicts is environmental. A specific and rather intense impact accompanies the conduct of hostilities and preparations for war on the environment. Although ecological damage is not usually a goal of warfare, such damage is integral to most armed conflicts. There is no single model of how war affects the environment. At the same time, war, like most human activity, changes the environment, damaging natural ecosystems and destroying human habitats. Numerous attempts to classify the environmental consequences of military confrontation boil down to the fact that it is expedient to distinguish direct and indirect implications on different scales and at various stages of military conflict. The destruction of natural systems of Ukraine during the armed aggression of the Russian Federation and the accompanying environmental challenges are numerous and diverse: the use of ammunition and damage to enterprises of various industries, including the chemical industry, the rise of radioactive dust into the air due to the movement of heavy equipment in the Chornobyl zone and strikes on nuclear power plants and associated infrastructure facilities, destruction of gas pipelines and oil storage facilities, numerous fires in populated areas, mining of large areas and the impact of shock waves and combustion products on the components of natural and anthropogenically altered ecosystems, etc. The consequences of hostilities will affect nature, people, and society even after these actions are over. Among other things, the territories and objects of the PZF are in the risk zone. It is essential to record and document the facts of environmental crimes and develop long-term plans to neutralize their consequences.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47141252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Hryshchuk, L. Kovalyova, S. Huralska, L. G. Yevtukh, P. Kovalyov
In recent years, the number of small domestic animals, which have become cohabitants of people both in cities and in rural areas, has increased significantly. Keeping cats indoors with the use of artificial lighting has led to the fact that anestrus falls out of their sexual cycle, and the stages of arousal are manifested in them throughout the year. This phenomenon is the cause of various inflammatory processes in the uterus. The most common gynecological diseases in cats are pyometra, endometritis, and vaginitis. Violation of the hormonal status in the hypothalamus-pituitary chain in the absence of contact with natural partners is accompanied by a disorder of the function of the ovaries and uterus. A change in the hormonal balance, manifested by a violation of the ratio of estradiol and progesterone concentrations in the blood, affects the function of the endometrium and provokes an increase in the secretory activity of the uterine glands. Initiated in the arousal stage of the sexual cycle, it does not fade away but progresses even more. This is how the conditions for the emergence of an inflammatory process in the uterus are created and maintained. The course of the disease is accompanied by persistent morphological changes in the state of the uterus and all organs and their systems. Diagnosis of the disease is well-developed and does not present any difficulties in veterinary clinical practice. However, the approaches to substantiating the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease and the effectiveness and expediency of a conservative or operative treatment method are controversial. There are also limited reports on the histostructure of certain areas of the fallopian tubes and uterus, depending on the functional state of the cat’s body. The research aimed to investigate the histological structure of the uterus and ovaries of cats with pyometra. Ten explanted uteri and ovaries were subjected to histological examination in 10 cases of surgical treatment of cats with pyometra. In this research, it has been established that the pathohistological changes of the uterine wall due to pyometra are characterized by endometrial hypertrophy, the basis of which is hyperplasia with the formation of various forms of outgrowths covered with epithelium, followed by their dystrophy and the formation of detritus, which locally sticks to the endometrium and fills the uterine cavity, local desquamation of the serous mesothelium membrane, compaction of the muscular membrane, loosening of the vascular membrane, and dilatation of veins. The surface parts of the endometrial glands undergo dystrophic changes and cystic degeneration, manifested by hyperplasia of their walls and the formation of cavities filled with detritus of desquamated epithelium and cavities of “empty cysts” filled with remnants of detritus. Deep sections of the endometrial glands are reduced, but their histostructure is not transformed. Changes in the ovaries are manifested by focal desquamation o
{"title":"Histological changes in the uterine and ovarian walls in pyometra","authors":"H. Hryshchuk, L. Kovalyova, S. Huralska, L. G. Yevtukh, P. Kovalyov","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet10910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10910","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the number of small domestic animals, which have become cohabitants of people both in cities and in rural areas, has increased significantly. Keeping cats indoors with the use of artificial lighting has led to the fact that anestrus falls out of their sexual cycle, and the stages of arousal are manifested in them throughout the year. This phenomenon is the cause of various inflammatory processes in the uterus. The most common gynecological diseases in cats are pyometra, endometritis, and vaginitis. Violation of the hormonal status in the hypothalamus-pituitary chain in the absence of contact with natural partners is accompanied by a disorder of the function of the ovaries and uterus. A change in the hormonal balance, manifested by a violation of the ratio of estradiol and progesterone concentrations in the blood, affects the function of the endometrium and provokes an increase in the secretory activity of the uterine glands. Initiated in the arousal stage of the sexual cycle, it does not fade away but progresses even more. This is how the conditions for the emergence of an inflammatory process in the uterus are created and maintained. The course of the disease is accompanied by persistent morphological changes in the state of the uterus and all organs and their systems. Diagnosis of the disease is well-developed and does not present any difficulties in veterinary clinical practice. However, the approaches to substantiating the etiology and pathogenesis of the disease and the effectiveness and expediency of a conservative or operative treatment method are controversial. There are also limited reports on the histostructure of certain areas of the fallopian tubes and uterus, depending on the functional state of the cat’s body. The research aimed to investigate the histological structure of the uterus and ovaries of cats with pyometra. Ten explanted uteri and ovaries were subjected to histological examination in 10 cases of surgical treatment of cats with pyometra. In this research, it has been established that the pathohistological changes of the uterine wall due to pyometra are characterized by endometrial hypertrophy, the basis of which is hyperplasia with the formation of various forms of outgrowths covered with epithelium, followed by their dystrophy and the formation of detritus, which locally sticks to the endometrium and fills the uterine cavity, local desquamation of the serous mesothelium membrane, compaction of the muscular membrane, loosening of the vascular membrane, and dilatation of veins. The surface parts of the endometrial glands undergo dystrophic changes and cystic degeneration, manifested by hyperplasia of their walls and the formation of cavities filled with detritus of desquamated epithelium and cavities of “empty cysts” filled with remnants of detritus. Deep sections of the endometrial glands are reduced, but their histostructure is not transformed. Changes in the ovaries are manifested by focal desquamation o","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45112091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Kushnir, I. Kushnir, B. Gutyj, O. Kutsan, S. Nychyk, M. Simonov, Z. Guta
The article provides data on the comparative assessment of the study of acute and subacute dermal toxicity of powder for wounds made based on iodoform by various methods. The research was conducted using the classic method and according to the methodology of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD No. 410). When studying acute skin toxicity using the traditional method, it was established that the drug under study belongs to the IV toxicity class (low-toxic substances) and, when determined by the way according to the UGS (GHS) – to category 5. During long-term dermal application of powder for wounds, no significant changes in hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value, the average concentration of hemoglobin in erythrocytes (MCHC), the average volume of erythrocytes (MCV), the average content of hemoglobin in erythrocytes (MCH) and several platelets were established by the classical method. In addition, a slight increase in creatinine, urea, and the activity of ALT and AST was established against a slight decrease in the total protein content. When studying the acute toxicity of powder for wounds following the OECD method No. 410, it was confirmed that long-term dermal application of the investigated agent caused a slight increase in the weight coefficients of the liver, heart, and spleen and a probable increase in the weight coefficients of the kidneys against the background of a decrease in the body weight of animals. Also, in animals of all experimental groups, the number of erythrocytes increased by 0.6 %, 5.1 %, and 10.5 % (Р < 0.05), respectively, and the number of leukocytes decreased by 15.9 % (Р < 0.05), 21.8 % (Р < 0.05), 23.4 % (Р < 0.05), mean erythrocyte volume (MCV) by 2.4 %, 4.2 %, 9.2 % (Р < 0,05). When determining the biochemical indicators of blood serum, it was established that using the research product for 28 days caused a slight decrease in the total protein content in animals of the I, II, and III research groups. In addition, the animals of all experimental groups showed an increase in the level of creatinine, respectively, by – 10.6 % (Р < 0.05), 13.3 % (Р < 0.05), 15.4 % (Р < 0.05), urea at – 3.3 %, 7.3 % (Р < 0.05), 12.6 % (Р < 0.05).
{"title":"Comparative assessment of different methods of studying skin toxicity of powder for wounds","authors":"V. Kushnir, I. Kushnir, B. Gutyj, O. Kutsan, S. Nychyk, M. Simonov, Z. Guta","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet10903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10903","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides data on the comparative assessment of the study of acute and subacute dermal toxicity of powder for wounds made based on iodoform by various methods. The research was conducted using the classic method and according to the methodology of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD No. 410). When studying acute skin toxicity using the traditional method, it was established that the drug under study belongs to the IV toxicity class (low-toxic substances) and, when determined by the way according to the UGS (GHS) – to category 5. During long-term dermal application of powder for wounds, no significant changes in hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit value, the average concentration of hemoglobin in erythrocytes (MCHC), the average volume of erythrocytes (MCV), the average content of hemoglobin in erythrocytes (MCH) and several platelets were established by the classical method. In addition, a slight increase in creatinine, urea, and the activity of ALT and AST was established against a slight decrease in the total protein content. When studying the acute toxicity of powder for wounds following the OECD method No. 410, it was confirmed that long-term dermal application of the investigated agent caused a slight increase in the weight coefficients of the liver, heart, and spleen and a probable increase in the weight coefficients of the kidneys against the background of a decrease in the body weight of animals. Also, in animals of all experimental groups, the number of erythrocytes increased by 0.6 %, 5.1 %, and 10.5 % (Р < 0.05), respectively, and the number of leukocytes decreased by 15.9 % (Р < 0.05), 21.8 % (Р < 0.05), 23.4 % (Р < 0.05), mean erythrocyte volume (MCV) by 2.4 %, 4.2 %, 9.2 % (Р < 0,05). When determining the biochemical indicators of blood serum, it was established that using the research product for 28 days caused a slight decrease in the total protein content in animals of the I, II, and III research groups. In addition, the animals of all experimental groups showed an increase in the level of creatinine, respectively, by – 10.6 % (Р < 0.05), 13.3 % (Р < 0.05), 15.4 % (Р < 0.05), urea at – 3.3 %, 7.3 % (Р < 0.05), 12.6 % (Р < 0.05).","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49133418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Kovalchuk, M. Tsap, R. Androshulik, A. Pylypets, G. Denys
The article presents experimental data on the mineral composition of tissues of honey bees under the conditions of magnesium citrate feeding. The research was conducted in two stages on bees of the Carpathian breed. The first stage was carried out on five groups of bees, 196–249 in each, under a laboratory thermostat. Bees of the control (I) group received daily 1 ml of 50 % sugar syrup (SS) and 1 ml of H2O; II group (experimental) – 1 ml of SS with the addition of 1 ml of Mg citrate containing 0.4 mg Mg/l; III group (experimental) – similarly to II with the addition of 1 ml of Mg citrate (2 mg Mg/l); IV group (experimental) – similarly to II with the addition of 1 ml of Mg citrate (3 mg Mg/l); Group V (experimental) is similar to II with the addition of 1 ml of Mg citrate (4 mg Mg/l). The bees of the control and experimental groups were kept in identical conditions of a laboratory thermostat TS-80M-3 with micro ventilation at a relative humidity of 75 % and a temperature of 30.0 °С during 20 days of the research. The following II stages of the study were conducted on four groups of bees, 25–30 in each. Bees of the control (I) group received daily 1 ml of 50 % SS and 1 ml of H2O; II group (experimental) – 1 ml of SS with the addition of 1 ml of Mg citrate containing 0.04 mg Mg/l; III group (experimental) – similarly to II with the addition of 1 ml of Mg citrate (0.02 mg Mg/l); IV group (experimental) – similarly to II with the addition of 1 ml of Mg citrate (0.01 mg Mg/l). Bees of the control and experimental groups were kept in the same conditions of the TS-80M-3 laboratory thermostat as in the I stage. The study duration was 20 days in the I stage and 30 days in the II stage. Bees were selected from all groups to determine the content of microelements in tissue homogenates of their entire body. The results were processed statistically using the Microsoft Excel computer program. According to the study results, the Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn content in the body tissues of bees differed between groups. Decreased content of Ferrum, Zinc, and Manganese was found in the bees of III and V experimental groups (I stage). According to the results of the II stage of research on the determination of the content of Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn in the tissues of the entire body of bees, the inhibitory effect of lower doses of Mg citrate on the accumulation of these elements in their body was observed. The established changes in the bee tissues of the experimental groups compared to the control group indicate certain physiological features of the accumulation and distribution of the studied trace elements in the body of the bees during their feeding with nanotechnological magnesium citrate.
{"title":"The content of micro elements in the tissues of honey bees fed with magnesium citrate","authors":"I. Kovalchuk, M. Tsap, R. Androshulik, A. Pylypets, G. Denys","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet10902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10902","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents experimental data on the mineral composition of tissues of honey bees under the conditions of magnesium citrate feeding. The research was conducted in two stages on bees of the Carpathian breed. The first stage was carried out on five groups of bees, 196–249 in each, under a laboratory thermostat. Bees of the control (I) group received daily 1 ml of 50 % sugar syrup (SS) and 1 ml of H2O; II group (experimental) – 1 ml of SS with the addition of 1 ml of Mg citrate containing 0.4 mg Mg/l; III group (experimental) – similarly to II with the addition of 1 ml of Mg citrate (2 mg Mg/l); IV group (experimental) – similarly to II with the addition of 1 ml of Mg citrate (3 mg Mg/l); Group V (experimental) is similar to II with the addition of 1 ml of Mg citrate (4 mg Mg/l). The bees of the control and experimental groups were kept in identical conditions of a laboratory thermostat TS-80M-3 with micro ventilation at a relative humidity of 75 % and a temperature of 30.0 °С during 20 days of the research. The following II stages of the study were conducted on four groups of bees, 25–30 in each. Bees of the control (I) group received daily 1 ml of 50 % SS and 1 ml of H2O; II group (experimental) – 1 ml of SS with the addition of 1 ml of Mg citrate containing 0.04 mg Mg/l; III group (experimental) – similarly to II with the addition of 1 ml of Mg citrate (0.02 mg Mg/l); IV group (experimental) – similarly to II with the addition of 1 ml of Mg citrate (0.01 mg Mg/l). Bees of the control and experimental groups were kept in the same conditions of the TS-80M-3 laboratory thermostat as in the I stage. The study duration was 20 days in the I stage and 30 days in the II stage. Bees were selected from all groups to determine the content of microelements in tissue homogenates of their entire body. The results were processed statistically using the Microsoft Excel computer program. According to the study results, the Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn content in the body tissues of bees differed between groups. Decreased content of Ferrum, Zinc, and Manganese was found in the bees of III and V experimental groups (I stage). According to the results of the II stage of research on the determination of the content of Fe, Zn, Cu, and Mn in the tissues of the entire body of bees, the inhibitory effect of lower doses of Mg citrate on the accumulation of these elements in their body was observed. The established changes in the bee tissues of the experimental groups compared to the control group indicate certain physiological features of the accumulation and distribution of the studied trace elements in the body of the bees during their feeding with nanotechnological magnesium citrate.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44214231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Korchan, S. Kulynych, R. Peleno, S. Mykhailiutenko
Rabbit breeding is a very productive branch of animal husbandry that produces meat, hides, and down. Rabbit meat is a very valuable dietary product that is quickly absorbed by the human body and contains iron, many B vitamins, magnesium salts, phosphorus and other minerals, and is also rich in essential amino acids. One of the factors that leads to a decrease in the profitability of the rabbit breeding industry is parasitic diseases. Economic losses from infestations consist of loss of live weight and reduced fatness of rabbit carcasses, as well as deterioration of skin quality. The aim of the work was to investigate the distribution of associative infestations in rabbits in the Poltava region. The conducted research revealed the simplest organisms (Eimeria spp.), cestodes (Cysticercus pisiformis), nematodes (Passalurus ambiguus, Trichostrongylus sp.) and acariformes (Psoroptes cuniculi). The indicators of the extensivity of invasions in rabbits were for eimeriosis – 40.0 %, passalurosis – 29.64 %, cysticercosis pisiformis – 16.43 %, psoroptosis – 13.93 % and trichostrongylosis – 2.86 %. Parasitoses in rabbits was more often in the form of mixinvasions, where the rate of infestation reached 41.07 %. A total of 7 types of mixinvasions were registered, of which 5 are two-component associations of parasites, and 3 are three-component associations of parasites. Two-component mixinvasions were represented by the association of eimeries and passalurises (extensivity of invasion – 17.14 %), eimeries and cysticerces (7.86 %), eimeries and psoropteses (3.57 %), passalurises and cysticerces (6.07 %), passalurises and psoropteses (2.86 %). Three-component mixinvasions were characterized by the associative course of eimeries, passalurises and cysticerces (2.50 %) and eimeries, passalurises and psoropteses (1.07 %). The results of research on the associative course of parasitosis in rabbits indicate the need to use a complex of treatment and prevention measures in rabbit farms, taking into account the composition of parasites and their biological features.
{"title":"Associative invasions of rabbits in farms of the Poltava region","authors":"L. Korchan, S. Kulynych, R. Peleno, S. Mykhailiutenko","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet10919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10919","url":null,"abstract":"Rabbit breeding is a very productive branch of animal husbandry that produces meat, hides, and down. Rabbit meat is a very valuable dietary product that is quickly absorbed by the human body and contains iron, many B vitamins, magnesium salts, phosphorus and other minerals, and is also rich in essential amino acids. One of the factors that leads to a decrease in the profitability of the rabbit breeding industry is parasitic diseases. Economic losses from infestations consist of loss of live weight and reduced fatness of rabbit carcasses, as well as deterioration of skin quality. The aim of the work was to investigate the distribution of associative infestations in rabbits in the Poltava region. The conducted research revealed the simplest organisms (Eimeria spp.), cestodes (Cysticercus pisiformis), nematodes (Passalurus ambiguus, Trichostrongylus sp.) and acariformes (Psoroptes cuniculi). The indicators of the extensivity of invasions in rabbits were for eimeriosis – 40.0 %, passalurosis – 29.64 %, cysticercosis pisiformis – 16.43 %, psoroptosis – 13.93 % and trichostrongylosis – 2.86 %. Parasitoses in rabbits was more often in the form of mixinvasions, where the rate of infestation reached 41.07 %. A total of 7 types of mixinvasions were registered, of which 5 are two-component associations of parasites, and 3 are three-component associations of parasites. Two-component mixinvasions were represented by the association of eimeries and passalurises (extensivity of invasion – 17.14 %), eimeries and cysticerces (7.86 %), eimeries and psoropteses (3.57 %), passalurises and cysticerces (6.07 %), passalurises and psoropteses (2.86 %). Three-component mixinvasions were characterized by the associative course of eimeries, passalurises and cysticerces (2.50 %) and eimeries, passalurises and psoropteses (1.07 %). The results of research on the associative course of parasitosis in rabbits indicate the need to use a complex of treatment and prevention measures in rabbit farms, taking into account the composition of parasites and their biological features.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48228392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study of oncopathology of the mammary gland of cats and dogs is a very relevant problem. This is evidenced by the presence of numerous scientific works and experimental research data of scientists from many countries. For a long time, there were no systematic approaches to the nomenclature and classification of canine and feline mammary gland tumors. That is why different countries of the world had their own national approaches to defining these pathologies. Long-term incomplete analysis of clinical cases, gaps in histopathology and interpretation of the obtained results were reflected in contradictory results, inaccuracies in terminology, definition of diagnosis and interpretations. This also inhibited clinical and experimental research, development and testing of effective drugs. Accumulation of clinical data, consolidated work of morphologists became the basis of lively discussions, which in turn was reflected in decisions to create unified classifications. Histological classification became the basis for the division of tumors of the mammary gland of cats and dogs. When conducting a scientific review, modern data from information resources and information from numerous international symposia and conferences were used. The authors also highlighted the key mechanisms of immune regulation of the oncogenic process. The role of immune cells, mediators of immune protection, in the development of oncopathology of the mammary gland is emphasized. Certain immunological tumor markers have been characterized, which are of great importance in the early stages of diagnosis. Special instrumental methods used by veterinary medicine doctors in routine diagnostics are also described. Prospects for the use of cell therapy with the use of modern immunological technologies were also made. The publication has a review and analytical nature and aims to attract the attention of scientists, diagnosticians and clinicians of various profiles to this issue, which will certainly become a continuation in the study of oncopathology. The unified classification will definitely be useful to scientists and practicing doctors, will enrich their knowledge about the mechanisms of tumor growth. We believe that a unified classification will allow researchers to use informative methods of diagnosis – both as a powerful tool in making an accurate diagnosis, and for effective approaches to differentiation and treatment strategies for patients.
{"title":"Mammary tumors of the dog and the cat: modern approaches to classification and diagnosis (review)","authors":"M. Zhelavskyi, O. Dmytriv","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet10907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10907","url":null,"abstract":"The study of oncopathology of the mammary gland of cats and dogs is a very relevant problem. This is evidenced by the presence of numerous scientific works and experimental research data of scientists from many countries. For a long time, there were no systematic approaches to the nomenclature and classification of canine and feline mammary gland tumors. That is why different countries of the world had their own national approaches to defining these pathologies. Long-term incomplete analysis of clinical cases, gaps in histopathology and interpretation of the obtained results were reflected in contradictory results, inaccuracies in terminology, definition of diagnosis and interpretations. This also inhibited clinical and experimental research, development and testing of effective drugs. Accumulation of clinical data, consolidated work of morphologists became the basis of lively discussions, which in turn was reflected in decisions to create unified classifications. Histological classification became the basis for the division of tumors of the mammary gland of cats and dogs. When conducting a scientific review, modern data from information resources and information from numerous international symposia and conferences were used. The authors also highlighted the key mechanisms of immune regulation of the oncogenic process. The role of immune cells, mediators of immune protection, in the development of oncopathology of the mammary gland is emphasized. Certain immunological tumor markers have been characterized, which are of great importance in the early stages of diagnosis. Special instrumental methods used by veterinary medicine doctors in routine diagnostics are also described. Prospects for the use of cell therapy with the use of modern immunological technologies were also made. The publication has a review and analytical nature and aims to attract the attention of scientists, diagnosticians and clinicians of various profiles to this issue, which will certainly become a continuation in the study of oncopathology. The unified classification will definitely be useful to scientists and practicing doctors, will enrich their knowledge about the mechanisms of tumor growth. We believe that a unified classification will allow researchers to use informative methods of diagnosis – both as a powerful tool in making an accurate diagnosis, and for effective approaches to differentiation and treatment strategies for patients.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43776393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarcoid is the most common skin tumor reported worldwide in equids, donkeys, zebras, and mules of all ages and sexes. The bovine papillomavirus (BPV) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Globally, the incidence of equine sarcoid ranges from 12 % to 67 % of all skin neoplasms. Unfortunately, no attention is paid to the study of sarcoid epizootology in Ukraine. There are no reports on the clinical types of neoplasms, their pathohistological characteristics, and treatment methods. Our study aimed to describe the clinical manifestations of different anatomical types of equine sarcoid, ranging from small single lesions to multiple aggressive fibroblastic tumors, which were registered in horses from private farms and stables in the western regions of Ukraine during 2019–2022. According to its macroscopic features, sarcoid was divided into six clinical and anatomical types: hidden, verrucous, nodular, fibroblastic, mixed, and malignant. In general, 1012 horses were examined, of which 328 animals were clinically diagnosed with sarcoid. Neoplasms were localized in different parts of the body and belonged to different sarcoid types.The smallest number of neoplasms was detected in the area of the head around the eyes in the form of single nodules (2.3 %), on the neck (5.4 %), and limbs (14.8 %). Most of the multiple focal sarcoid tumors were localized in the chest area (26.5 %) and in the area of the abdominal wall and groin (51 %). Both depigmentation and hyperkeratinization of the affected areas were the typical morphological features of all sarcoid types. Hidden sarcoid was characterized by lesions of the skin’s superficial layers with well-defined areas of alopecia. Verrucous sarcoid was mainly localized in the neck and groin areas with the formation of irregularly shaped and large skin thickenings characterized by damage to the deep dermis layers. The third type of sarcoid is nodular, which was visually manifested in the form of mobile spherical subcutaneous nodules of small sizes. They were usually localized in the groin, prepuce, inner thighs, and eyelids. Fibroblastic type is one of the most aggressive equine sarcoids. It is characterized by rapid growth with the formation of massive tumors on the leg with an ulcerated surface and marked vascularization. Mixed sarcoid combined verrucous, fibroblastic and nodular types with predominant signs a particular type of tumor. Malignant form of sarcoid was relatively rare but particularly aggressive. Tumors spread along the course of lymphatic vessels with the formation of nodes and ulcers. This sarcoid was detected only in two horses. In general, it should be noted that sarcoid is not a fatal neoplasm for horses. However, its location, size, and the possibility of progression to a more aggressive form commonly leads to deterioration of the exterior and culling of thoroughbred animals.
{"title":"Clinic and anatomic aspects of verification and monitoring of various types of equine sarcoid in the western regions of Ukraine","authors":"M. Portenko, O. Shchebentovska","doi":"10.32718/nvlvet10918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32718/nvlvet10918","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcoid is the most common skin tumor reported worldwide in equids, donkeys, zebras, and mules of all ages and sexes. The bovine papillomavirus (BPV) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Globally, the incidence of equine sarcoid ranges from 12 % to 67 % of all skin neoplasms. Unfortunately, no attention is paid to the study of sarcoid epizootology in Ukraine. There are no reports on the clinical types of neoplasms, their pathohistological characteristics, and treatment methods. Our study aimed to describe the clinical manifestations of different anatomical types of equine sarcoid, ranging from small single lesions to multiple aggressive fibroblastic tumors, which were registered in horses from private farms and stables in the western regions of Ukraine during 2019–2022. According to its macroscopic features, sarcoid was divided into six clinical and anatomical types: hidden, verrucous, nodular, fibroblastic, mixed, and malignant. In general, 1012 horses were examined, of which 328 animals were clinically diagnosed with sarcoid. Neoplasms were localized in different parts of the body and belonged to different sarcoid types.The smallest number of neoplasms was detected in the area of the head around the eyes in the form of single nodules (2.3 %), on the neck (5.4 %), and limbs (14.8 %). Most of the multiple focal sarcoid tumors were localized in the chest area (26.5 %) and in the area of the abdominal wall and groin (51 %). Both depigmentation and hyperkeratinization of the affected areas were the typical morphological features of all sarcoid types. Hidden sarcoid was characterized by lesions of the skin’s superficial layers with well-defined areas of alopecia. Verrucous sarcoid was mainly localized in the neck and groin areas with the formation of irregularly shaped and large skin thickenings characterized by damage to the deep dermis layers. The third type of sarcoid is nodular, which was visually manifested in the form of mobile spherical subcutaneous nodules of small sizes. They were usually localized in the groin, prepuce, inner thighs, and eyelids. Fibroblastic type is one of the most aggressive equine sarcoids. It is characterized by rapid growth with the formation of massive tumors on the leg with an ulcerated surface and marked vascularization. Mixed sarcoid combined verrucous, fibroblastic and nodular types with predominant signs a particular type of tumor. Malignant form of sarcoid was relatively rare but particularly aggressive. Tumors spread along the course of lymphatic vessels with the formation of nodes and ulcers. This sarcoid was detected only in two horses. In general, it should be noted that sarcoid is not a fatal neoplasm for horses. However, its location, size, and the possibility of progression to a more aggressive form commonly leads to deterioration of the exterior and culling of thoroughbred animals.","PeriodicalId":33662,"journal":{"name":"Naukovii visnik L''vivs''kogo natsional''nogo universitetu veterinarnoyi meditsini ta biotekhnologii imeni SZ G''zhits''kogo Seriia Kharchovi tekhnologiyi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45244337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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