Pub Date : 2002-08-07DOI: 10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991771
A. Burr
This paper uses a ray-tracing approach to estimate the Shannon capacity of a MIMO wireless system. Several very simple scenarios are modeled, to determine the principles that limit the capacity.
{"title":"Evaluation of capacity of indoor wireless MIMO channel using ray tracing","authors":"A. Burr","doi":"10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991771","url":null,"abstract":"This paper uses a ray-tracing approach to estimate the Shannon capacity of a MIMO wireless system. Several very simple scenarios are modeled, to determine the principles that limit the capacity.","PeriodicalId":336991,"journal":{"name":"2002 International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications Access - Transmission - Networking (Cat. No.02TH8599)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125623058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-08-07DOI: 10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991745
S. Loyka, F. Gagnon
An analytical approach to the performance analysis of the V-BLAST (vertical Bell Labs layered space-time) algorithm is presented. The approach is based on the analytical model of the Gramm-Schmidt process. Closed-form analytical expressions of the vector signal at the i-th processing step and its power are presented. A rigorous proof is given that the diversity order at the i-th step (without optimal ordering) is (n-m+i), where n and m are the number of receiver and transmitter antennas respectively. It is shown that the optimal ordering is based on the least correlation criterion and that the after-processing signal power is determined by the channel correlation matrices in a fashion similar to the channel capacity.
{"title":"Performance analysis of the V-BLAST algorithm: an analytical approach","authors":"S. Loyka, F. Gagnon","doi":"10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991745","url":null,"abstract":"An analytical approach to the performance analysis of the V-BLAST (vertical Bell Labs layered space-time) algorithm is presented. The approach is based on the analytical model of the Gramm-Schmidt process. Closed-form analytical expressions of the vector signal at the i-th processing step and its power are presented. A rigorous proof is given that the diversity order at the i-th step (without optimal ordering) is (n-m+i), where n and m are the number of receiver and transmitter antennas respectively. It is shown that the optimal ordering is based on the least correlation criterion and that the after-processing signal power is determined by the channel correlation matrices in a fashion similar to the channel capacity.","PeriodicalId":336991,"journal":{"name":"2002 International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications Access - Transmission - Networking (Cat. No.02TH8599)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123966276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-08-07DOI: 10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991743
J. Hagenauer, M. Moerz, A. Schaefer
The ever increasing speed of data transmission, especially in optical channels, in magnetic recording devices and in wireless links, makes it necessary to look at new receiver structures which are capable of high speed processing at low power consumption. Analog, nonlinear and highly parallel operating circuits can perform the tasks of equalization, differential detection, channel decoding and, in some cases, of source decoding which are normally assigned to digital processors and circuits. The first prototype analog VLSI chips of simple decoder components are available and perform well at speeds up to 10 Gbit/s.
{"title":"Analog decoders and receivers for high speed applications","authors":"J. Hagenauer, M. Moerz, A. Schaefer","doi":"10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991743","url":null,"abstract":"The ever increasing speed of data transmission, especially in optical channels, in magnetic recording devices and in wireless links, makes it necessary to look at new receiver structures which are capable of high speed processing at low power consumption. Analog, nonlinear and highly parallel operating circuits can perform the tasks of equalization, differential detection, channel decoding and, in some cases, of source decoding which are normally assigned to digital processors and circuits. The first prototype analog VLSI chips of simple decoder components are available and perform well at speeds up to 10 Gbit/s.","PeriodicalId":336991,"journal":{"name":"2002 International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications Access - Transmission - Networking (Cat. No.02TH8599)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126793459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-08-07DOI: 10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991767
B. Kuhlow, G. Przyrembel, H. Ehlers, R. Ziegler, J. Knuppel, G. Großkopf, R. Eggemann, D. Rohde
We report on first results of a novel silica based signal processor to be used for beamforming in smart antenna environments. An experiment involving specific components of an envisaged 60 GHz transmission system is described.
{"title":"Silica based optical beamformer in a 60 GHz radio-over-fibre system","authors":"B. Kuhlow, G. Przyrembel, H. Ehlers, R. Ziegler, J. Knuppel, G. Großkopf, R. Eggemann, D. Rohde","doi":"10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991767","url":null,"abstract":"We report on first results of a novel silica based signal processor to be used for beamforming in smart antenna environments. An experiment involving specific components of an envisaged 60 GHz transmission system is described.","PeriodicalId":336991,"journal":{"name":"2002 International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications Access - Transmission - Networking (Cat. No.02TH8599)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130033938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-08-07DOI: 10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991751
A. Czylwik, A. Dekorsy
In this paper downlink beamforming for cellular radio systems with frequency division duplex (FDD) is optimized. System level simulations shall clarify what gain can be achieved by applying circular arrays with omnidirectional antenna elements in contrast to linear arrays with sectorizing antenna elements. Furthermore, the parameters of the antenna arrays like element spacing and beamwidth of the sector antennas are optimized.
{"title":"Optimization of downlink beamforming for systems with frequency division duplex","authors":"A. Czylwik, A. Dekorsy","doi":"10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991751","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper downlink beamforming for cellular radio systems with frequency division duplex (FDD) is optimized. System level simulations shall clarify what gain can be achieved by applying circular arrays with omnidirectional antenna elements in contrast to linear arrays with sectorizing antenna elements. Furthermore, the parameters of the antenna arrays like element spacing and beamwidth of the sector antennas are optimized.","PeriodicalId":336991,"journal":{"name":"2002 International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications Access - Transmission - Networking (Cat. No.02TH8599)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121908417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-08-07DOI: 10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991775
M. Coinchon, Anna Salovaara, J. Wagen
This investigation outlines the importance of accurate radio propagation predictions in the planning for UMTS radio networks. The UMTS radio technology based on variable spreading DS-CDMA techniques is flexible but complex. The sensitivity of a UMTS radio network to the radio environment and traffic conditions is well publicized but rarely quantified. Theoretical analysis and commercial implementation of CDMA cellular systems also tend to show that radio network planning, simplified on one hand because of the lack of frequency planning, could be cumbersome due to difficulties linked to the so-called cell breathing effect. Since this effect is related to the traffic conditions and the radio propagation environments, the more accurate the coverage predictions are, the closer the expected performance will be from the measured performance. To quantify the advantage of accurate radio coverage predictions a case study was undertaken for a UMTS radio network planning in a 5 km/sup 2/ area of Paris (France). This study in an urban environment concludes that a conventional propagation model could lead to erroneous planning with less than expected quality of service, unacceptable interference, and more base stations than necessary. An accurate ray-tracing model integrated in an UMTS-capable planning tool allows the radio network designer to reach optimal levels for the base station deployment and configuration while meeting the expected service level requirements.
{"title":"The impact of radio propagation predictions on urban UMTS planning","authors":"M. Coinchon, Anna Salovaara, J. Wagen","doi":"10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991775","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation outlines the importance of accurate radio propagation predictions in the planning for UMTS radio networks. The UMTS radio technology based on variable spreading DS-CDMA techniques is flexible but complex. The sensitivity of a UMTS radio network to the radio environment and traffic conditions is well publicized but rarely quantified. Theoretical analysis and commercial implementation of CDMA cellular systems also tend to show that radio network planning, simplified on one hand because of the lack of frequency planning, could be cumbersome due to difficulties linked to the so-called cell breathing effect. Since this effect is related to the traffic conditions and the radio propagation environments, the more accurate the coverage predictions are, the closer the expected performance will be from the measured performance. To quantify the advantage of accurate radio coverage predictions a case study was undertaken for a UMTS radio network planning in a 5 km/sup 2/ area of Paris (France). This study in an urban environment concludes that a conventional propagation model could lead to erroneous planning with less than expected quality of service, unacceptable interference, and more base stations than necessary. An accurate ray-tracing model integrated in an UMTS-capable planning tool allows the radio network designer to reach optimal levels for the base station deployment and configuration while meeting the expected service level requirements.","PeriodicalId":336991,"journal":{"name":"2002 International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications Access - Transmission - Networking (Cat. No.02TH8599)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132550542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-08-07DOI: 10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991780
Q. Shi, M. Latva-aho
Relying on the method of characteristic function (CF) and residue calculation, we obtained an exact and closed-form error floor for downlink multicarrier code-division multiple access (MC-CDMA) with maximal ratio combining (MRC) in correlated Nakagami (1960) fading channels. Analysis results show that orthogonal spreading sequences (Walsh and orthogonal Gold sequences) perform better than non-orthogonal sequences (Gold sequences) and Walsh codes are the best. We also find that downlink MC-CDMA can benefit from the correlation between subcarriers.
{"title":"Exact error floor for downlink MC-CDMA with maximal ratio combining in correlated Nakagami fading channels","authors":"Q. Shi, M. Latva-aho","doi":"10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991780","url":null,"abstract":"Relying on the method of characteristic function (CF) and residue calculation, we obtained an exact and closed-form error floor for downlink multicarrier code-division multiple access (MC-CDMA) with maximal ratio combining (MRC) in correlated Nakagami (1960) fading channels. Analysis results show that orthogonal spreading sequences (Walsh and orthogonal Gold sequences) perform better than non-orthogonal sequences (Gold sequences) and Walsh codes are the best. We also find that downlink MC-CDMA can benefit from the correlation between subcarriers.","PeriodicalId":336991,"journal":{"name":"2002 International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications Access - Transmission - Networking (Cat. No.02TH8599)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130408680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-08-07DOI: 10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991784
R. Schober, L. Lampe
In this paper, differential modulation diversity (DMD) is introduced. This diversity scheme is based on diagonal signal constellations which have been previously proposed for differential space-time modulation (DSTM). DMD can exploit both space and time diversity and DSTM, which is a pure space diversity scheme, results as a special case. A low-complexity noncoherent receiver originally designed for DSTM is adapted to DMD and the power efficiency of DMD for spatially correlated Rayleigh fading and imperfect interleaving is investigated.
{"title":"Differential modulation diversity","authors":"R. Schober, L. Lampe","doi":"10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991784","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, differential modulation diversity (DMD) is introduced. This diversity scheme is based on diagonal signal constellations which have been previously proposed for differential space-time modulation (DSTM). DMD can exploit both space and time diversity and DSTM, which is a pure space diversity scheme, results as a special case. A low-complexity noncoherent receiver originally designed for DSTM is adapted to DMD and the power efficiency of DMD for spatially correlated Rayleigh fading and imperfect interleaving is investigated.","PeriodicalId":336991,"journal":{"name":"2002 International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications Access - Transmission - Networking (Cat. No.02TH8599)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123908602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-08-07DOI: 10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991752
D. Schupke, A. Riedl
Based on queuing theory we develop analytical approximations for the average packet transfer time of a store-and-forward and a cut-through buffer insertion ring with two client traffic priorities. These types of rings are architectural alternatives for resilient packet rings (RPR) which transport data (e.g., IP) packets over optical media. We use the approximations for a delay comparison of both ring architectures. It turns out that high priority traffic is more delayed in the cut-through architecture than in the store-and-forward architecture whereas low priority traffic performs similarly in both architectures.
{"title":"Packet transfer delay comparison of a store-and-forward and a cut-through resilient packet ring","authors":"D. Schupke, A. Riedl","doi":"10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991752","url":null,"abstract":"Based on queuing theory we develop analytical approximations for the average packet transfer time of a store-and-forward and a cut-through buffer insertion ring with two client traffic priorities. These types of rings are architectural alternatives for resilient packet rings (RPR) which transport data (e.g., IP) packets over optical media. We use the approximations for a delay comparison of both ring architectures. It turns out that high priority traffic is more delayed in the cut-through architecture than in the store-and-forward architecture whereas low priority traffic performs similarly in both architectures.","PeriodicalId":336991,"journal":{"name":"2002 International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications Access - Transmission - Networking (Cat. No.02TH8599)","volume":"46 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120868596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-08-07DOI: 10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991773
B. Fleury, P. Jourdan, A. Stucki, Fredrik Bajers
This contribution presents an extension of the SAGE (space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization) algorithm originally published in Fleury et al. (1999) that allows for joint estimation of the complex weight, the relative delay, the direction (i.e. azimuths and co-elevations) of departure and of incidence, as well as the Doppler frequency of waves propagating from the transmitter to the receiver in mobile radio environments. The scheme is particularly well suited for MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) channel investigations. Its performance, in terms of convergence rate and asymptotic behaviour of the root-mean-square estimation errors, is assessed by means of Monte-Carlo simulations in synthetic time-invariant channels. The results demonstrate rapid convergence (six SAGE iteration cycles) of the root-mean-square estimation errors towards values close to the root of the corresponding Cramer-Rao lower bounds for the "one-wave" scenario, even when the waves only slightly differ either in delay, in direction of departure, or in direction of incidence. The SAGE algorithm is also applied to measurement data to assess the propagation constellation in a non-line-of-sight and an obstructed line-of-sight situation. Most of the estimated waves can be easily related to the propagation environments. Finally, the computational expense of the scheme is shortly discussed.
{"title":"High-resolution channel parameter estimation for MIMO applications using the SAGE algorithm","authors":"B. Fleury, P. Jourdan, A. Stucki, Fredrik Bajers","doi":"10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IZSBC.2002.991773","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution presents an extension of the SAGE (space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization) algorithm originally published in Fleury et al. (1999) that allows for joint estimation of the complex weight, the relative delay, the direction (i.e. azimuths and co-elevations) of departure and of incidence, as well as the Doppler frequency of waves propagating from the transmitter to the receiver in mobile radio environments. The scheme is particularly well suited for MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) channel investigations. Its performance, in terms of convergence rate and asymptotic behaviour of the root-mean-square estimation errors, is assessed by means of Monte-Carlo simulations in synthetic time-invariant channels. The results demonstrate rapid convergence (six SAGE iteration cycles) of the root-mean-square estimation errors towards values close to the root of the corresponding Cramer-Rao lower bounds for the \"one-wave\" scenario, even when the waves only slightly differ either in delay, in direction of departure, or in direction of incidence. The SAGE algorithm is also applied to measurement data to assess the propagation constellation in a non-line-of-sight and an obstructed line-of-sight situation. Most of the estimated waves can be easily related to the propagation environments. Finally, the computational expense of the scheme is shortly discussed.","PeriodicalId":336991,"journal":{"name":"2002 International Zurich Seminar on Broadband Communications Access - Transmission - Networking (Cat. No.02TH8599)","volume":"375 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121330985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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