Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch8
L. Martincigh, Marina Di Guida
By 2030, 5 billion people will live in cities asking for more transport, resources (energy, water, etc.) and waste systems. While cities generate economic growth, they are also responsible for 70% of global CO2 emissions. For containing this problem, it is necessary that all urban actors (citizens, local authorities, research bodies, professional and production world) become more aware of the relationship between local/individual choices and global/collective challenges. So, a trans-disciplinary approach, which integrates research and practice, through the cooperation between various working and educational realities, and considers citizens as “knowledge producers” and “community builders” in urban redevelopment processes, has to be used. Therefore, citizens, especially the younger generations, have to be involved in urban co-design processes, as users but also as bearers of knowledge. This paper reports an experience carried out in a project funded by the ESF-PON 20142020 “For schools, skills and environments for learning: enhancement of global citizenship skills”. One of the modules of this project, aimed at enhancing the active role of secondary school students and their ability to identify problems and solutions through collective reflection, focused on the re-appropriation of the street spaces facing the entrance of a historic school in Rome. Two different proposals (low and medium/high budget), aimed at improving users’ quality of life, stemmed from theoretical lessons, applying a requirement/performance approach, and surveys and laboratory sessions, including: the devising and administration of an online questionnaire to define local problems; a brainstorming to propose possible solutions; some sketches. The proposals, displayed in the school to involve all the students, were presented to the municipal authorities which expressed the intention to carry on the design for future realization.
{"title":"The Importance of Youngsters’ Responsible Action in the Urban Environment: An Experience of Street Co-Design","authors":"L. Martincigh, Marina Di Guida","doi":"10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch8","url":null,"abstract":"By 2030, 5 billion people will live in cities asking for more transport, resources (energy, water, etc.) and waste systems. While cities generate economic growth, they are also responsible for 70% of global CO2 emissions. For containing this problem, it is necessary that all urban actors (citizens, local authorities, research bodies, professional and production world) become more aware of the relationship between local/individual choices and global/collective challenges. So, a trans-disciplinary approach, which integrates research and practice, through the cooperation between various working and educational realities, and considers citizens as “knowledge producers” and “community builders” in urban redevelopment processes, has to be used. Therefore, citizens, especially the younger generations, have to be involved in urban co-design processes, as users but also as bearers of knowledge. This paper reports an experience carried out in a project funded by the ESF-PON 20142020 “For schools, skills and environments for learning: enhancement of global citizenship skills”. One of the modules of this project, aimed at enhancing the active role of secondary school students and their ability to identify problems and solutions through collective reflection, focused on the re-appropriation of the street spaces facing the entrance of a historic school in Rome. Two different proposals (low and medium/high budget), aimed at improving users’ quality of life, stemmed from theoretical lessons, applying a requirement/performance approach, and surveys and laboratory sessions, including: the devising and administration of an online questionnaire to define local problems; a brainstorming to propose possible solutions; some sketches. The proposals, displayed in the school to involve all the students, were presented to the municipal authorities which expressed the intention to carry on the design for future realization.","PeriodicalId":337051,"journal":{"name":"International Academic Conference on Places and Technologies","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133010936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch65
S. Gavrilović, Nevena Vasiljević, Boris Radić, Dejan Skočajić, Nevenka Galečić
{"title":"Design of Cultural Trails — As a Result of Belgrade’s Green Infrastructure Concept","authors":"S. Gavrilović, Nevena Vasiljević, Boris Radić, Dejan Skočajić, Nevenka Galečić","doi":"10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch65","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":337051,"journal":{"name":"International Academic Conference on Places and Technologies","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114872035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch21
Neda M. Sokolović, A. Kontić, Andrej Josifovski
The development of new materials and technologies is one of the greatest initiator of new architectural thought. Development within the long-standing continuous improvement of wood as material was induced by technological development and new market demands. Good mechanical and physical properties of wood and its easy accessibility, initiated further development and improvement of products based on this material. The aims of this improvement are more rational wood application and improvement of its physical and mechanical properties in regard to monolithic wood. In partic-ular significant are wood-based products made from veneer layers, plywood and laminated veneer lumber (LVL). These materials stand out from other wood-based panel materials due to their mechanical and aesthetic performance. Previous application of veneer-based panels as a structural element in architecture has been implied as secondary or tertiary structural elements which transfer the load to supporting structural members, or to stiffen wooden structures. Recognition a good mechanical property of the material and its advantages as a small self-weight encouraged examining the possibilities of using wood-based panel products as the primary structural support element in exoskeleton structures, i.e. using building envelope as object structure. Application plywood and LVL is research study, so in this paper authors will analyze the possibilities of using these products as an exoskeleton supporting element, through case studies of realized experimental structures. Through research realised structures will be analysed, with a focus on shell structures. They will be evaluated through recognition of its advantages and disadvantages, especially those are directly conditioned by the structural characteristics of the material. Analyses of structures will be done according following criteria: structure design, spatial stability, span constraints, possibilities of loads the structure can support and connections between elements. In order to encourage use of veneer-based panels as load-bearing element in the exoskeleton structure, the paper will set guidelines for further research in this area and will recommend possibilities to improve mechanical characteristics of material. Rationalization of the use of wood-based panels in folded structures will highlight in paper. Forming exoskeleton structure from this material contributes rational use of the structure and raw wood materials saving.
{"title":"Application of Veneer Based Panels in Exoskeleton Architecture","authors":"Neda M. Sokolović, A. Kontić, Andrej Josifovski","doi":"10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch21","url":null,"abstract":"The development of new materials and technologies is one of the greatest initiator of new architectural thought. Development within the long-standing continuous improvement of wood as material was induced by technological development and new market demands. Good mechanical and physical properties of wood and its easy accessibility, initiated further development and improvement of products based on this material. The aims of this improvement are more rational wood application and improvement of its physical and mechanical properties in regard to monolithic wood. In partic-ular significant are wood-based products made from veneer layers, plywood and laminated veneer lumber (LVL). These materials stand out from other wood-based panel materials due to their mechanical and aesthetic performance. Previous application of veneer-based panels as a structural element in architecture has been implied as secondary or tertiary structural elements which transfer the load to supporting structural members, or to stiffen wooden structures. Recognition a good mechanical property of the material and its advantages as a small self-weight encouraged examining the possibilities of using wood-based panel products as the primary structural support element in exoskeleton structures, i.e. using building envelope as object structure. Application plywood and LVL is research study, so in this paper authors will analyze the possibilities of using these products as an exoskeleton supporting element, through case studies of realized experimental structures. Through research realised structures will be analysed, with a focus on shell structures. They will be evaluated through recognition of its advantages and disadvantages, especially those are directly conditioned by the structural characteristics of the material. Analyses of structures will be done according following criteria: structure design, spatial stability, span constraints, possibilities of loads the structure can support and connections between elements. In order to encourage use of veneer-based panels as load-bearing element in the exoskeleton structure, the paper will set guidelines for further research in this area and will recommend possibilities to improve mechanical characteristics of material. Rationalization of the use of wood-based panels in folded structures will highlight in paper. Forming exoskeleton structure from this material contributes rational use of the structure and raw wood materials saving.","PeriodicalId":337051,"journal":{"name":"International Academic Conference on Places and Technologies","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114648769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch46
I. Svetel, N. Ivanišević, D. Isailović
Architectural design and building construction are increasingly digitalized. A large number of applications exist that enable creation of digital building models either in the form of advanced geometry modelling applications, algorithmic modelling applications or BIM applications. Each application creates intrinsic digital model using its proprietary data format. The problem of connecting such diverse models to a coherent project environment is addressed by open interoperability file format – IFC. But only data format does not provide seamless interoperability, it is necessary to create proper IFC model for each particular occasion of model exchange. Existence of many diverse files and formats that all represent different aspects of digital building model posed to the AEC stakeholders the problem of managing a BIM project. The paper gives a his-torical overview of development of BIM applications dedicated to digital building model assessment from model viewers, through model explorers, to modern BIM project management applications and their connection to a set of ISO 19650 standards. The new standards and related applications does not provide complete solution to the management of digital building models but represent important evolutionary step in BIM progress.
{"title":"BIM Based Project and Digital Building Model Management: Applications and Emerging Standards","authors":"I. Svetel, N. Ivanišević, D. Isailović","doi":"10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch46","url":null,"abstract":"Architectural design and building construction are increasingly digitalized. A large number of applications exist that enable creation of digital building models either in the form of advanced geometry modelling applications, algorithmic modelling applications or BIM applications. Each application creates intrinsic digital model using its proprietary data format. The problem of connecting such diverse models to a coherent project environment is addressed by open interoperability file format – IFC. But only data format does not provide seamless interoperability, it is necessary to create proper IFC model for each particular occasion of model exchange. Existence of many diverse files and formats that all represent different aspects of digital building model posed to the AEC stakeholders the problem of managing a BIM project. The paper gives a his-torical overview of development of BIM applications dedicated to digital building model assessment from model viewers, through model explorers, to modern BIM project management applications and their connection to a set of ISO 19650 standards. The new standards and related applications does not provide complete solution to the management of digital building models but represent important evolutionary step in BIM progress.","PeriodicalId":337051,"journal":{"name":"International Academic Conference on Places and Technologies","volume":"218 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116280984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch56
B. Antonić, A. Djukic
Shrinking cities present the prevalent type of present-day urbanisation in post-socialist countries in the eastern half of Europe. The outspread and the socialism-related features of their shrinkage have made them a compelling topic for scholars internationally. Thus, they are well-documented today. However, this straight focus of researchers on post-socialist shrinking cities has somehow formed the opinion that this phenomenon is completely new for this region. If such research is oriented to the past of urbanisation in this part of Europe, it usually examines the causes of post-socialist urban shrinkage originated in the specificities of socialism. Nevertheless, urban shrinkage existed in the eastern half of Europe before the fall of socialism. Concrete data covers the examples of shrinking cities in inter-war (pre-socialist) and post-war (socialist) periods. Although these cities were not very frequent, they represent the predecessors of many shrinking cities in this part of Europe today. They can even be categorised by the various factors that were crucial for their shrinkage: change of borders, fall of industrial production, internal/national spatial planning policies or the loss of dependent area. The aim of this research is to systematise this knowledge relating pre-socialist and socialist urban shrinkage in Eastern Europe. Hence, this paper is organised as a scientific review, with a special intention to present the different categories of affected cities. In that way, this paper contributes to the further understanding of the circumstances that have provoked urban shrinkage to be so widespread in this part of Europe.
{"title":"Are Shrinking Cities a Completely New Phenomenon in Post-Socialist Space? Urban Shrinkage in Eastern Europe Before and During Socialism","authors":"B. Antonić, A. Djukic","doi":"10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch56","url":null,"abstract":"Shrinking cities present the prevalent type of present-day urbanisation in post-socialist countries in the eastern half of Europe. The outspread and the socialism-related features of their shrinkage have made them a compelling topic for scholars internationally. Thus, they are well-documented today. However, this straight focus of researchers on post-socialist shrinking cities has somehow formed the opinion that this phenomenon is completely new for this region. If such research is oriented to the past of urbanisation in this part of Europe, it usually examines the causes of post-socialist urban shrinkage originated in the specificities of socialism. Nevertheless, urban shrinkage existed in the eastern half of Europe before the fall of socialism. Concrete data covers the examples of shrinking cities in inter-war (pre-socialist) and post-war (socialist) periods. Although these cities were not very frequent, they represent the predecessors of many shrinking cities in this part of Europe today. They can even be categorised by the various factors that were crucial for their shrinkage: change of borders, fall of industrial production, internal/national spatial planning policies or the loss of dependent area. The aim of this research is to systematise this knowledge relating pre-socialist and socialist urban shrinkage in Eastern Europe. Hence, this paper is organised as a scientific review, with a special intention to present the different categories of affected cities. In that way, this paper contributes to the further understanding of the circumstances that have provoked urban shrinkage to be so widespread in this part of Europe.","PeriodicalId":337051,"journal":{"name":"International Academic Conference on Places and Technologies","volume":"9 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127595951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch17
Marija Cvetkovic, I. Simic, Aleksandar Grujičić
The (shopping) mall is a utopian common space that aims to form new gathering places and bring people together, functioning as a “city within a city” (Gruen & Smith, 1960; Kaliski, 2008). They are becoming new downtowns and are now ubiquitous and frequently visited places (Kowinski, 1985). Contrary to the concept of a mall being considered a non-place (Augè, 1992), it is now often viewed as one of the better-quality forms of public life in a modern city - spaces that have the highest level of attendance, and are able to function as super-places. The emergence of shopping mall is notable after the World War II, differentiating the USA model and the European one. While in the USA the problem of traffic expansion in the use of shopping facilities was solved by placing trade facilities on the outskirts of cities adjacent to transit streets and interchanges, in Europe a controlled separation of heavy traffic was carried out, which allowed the creation of spaces synthesising the pedestrian corridors and shopping areas in the city core. The transition process has had significant consequences in the context of economic, political and social structures in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. A visible aspect of these changes is also seen in retail organization, privatization and the formation of new trade organizations, and the opening of markets to foreign capital and international trading chains. Presenting the examples of one characteristic shopping mall in Belgrade - Rajićeva Shopping Center - distinct by its urban extent and morphology, this paper aims to explore potential urban identity and quality of space increase in the case of newly formed semi-public spaces within open and closed areas of the mall, by analysing the spatio-physical aspect of the mall and its role in the definition of immediate urban surrounding.
{"title":"Transitioning the Public Space — The Case of Belgrade Shopping Mall","authors":"Marija Cvetkovic, I. Simic, Aleksandar Grujičić","doi":"10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18485/arh_pt.2020.7.ch17","url":null,"abstract":"The (shopping) mall is a utopian common space that aims to form new gathering places and bring people together, functioning as a “city within a city” (Gruen & Smith, 1960; Kaliski, 2008). They are becoming new downtowns and are now ubiquitous and frequently visited places (Kowinski, 1985). Contrary to the concept of a mall being considered a non-place (Augè, 1992), it is now often viewed as one of the better-quality forms of public life in a modern city - spaces that have the highest level of attendance, and are able to function as super-places. The emergence of shopping mall is notable after the World War II, differentiating the USA model and the European one. While in the USA the problem of traffic expansion in the use of shopping facilities was solved by placing trade facilities on the outskirts of cities adjacent to transit streets and interchanges, in Europe a controlled separation of heavy traffic was carried out, which allowed the creation of spaces synthesising the pedestrian corridors and shopping areas in the city core. The transition process has had significant consequences in the context of economic, political and social structures in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. A visible aspect of these changes is also seen in retail organization, privatization and the formation of new trade organizations, and the opening of markets to foreign capital and international trading chains. Presenting the examples of one characteristic shopping mall in Belgrade - Rajićeva Shopping Center - distinct by its urban extent and morphology, this paper aims to explore potential urban identity and quality of space increase in the case of newly formed semi-public spaces within open and closed areas of the mall, by analysing the spatio-physical aspect of the mall and its role in the definition of immediate urban surrounding.","PeriodicalId":337051,"journal":{"name":"International Academic Conference on Places and Technologies","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129614947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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