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KITOSAN DARI JAMUR TIRAM (Pleurotus ostreatus) DAN APLIKASINYA SEBAGAI ADSORBEN LOGAM KROM (Cr)
Pub Date : 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.22373/LJ.V9I1.8335
Dhini Annisa Rahmasari Kanto, Riza Apriani, M. Ilhami, Ai Eva
Oyster mushroom is one of the organisms that can be used as a chitosan source. Chitosan can be produced from chitin through deacetylation. As a chitin derivative compound, chitosan has immense application. In this study, chitin and chitosan were isolated from oyster mushrooms as much as 1.696% and 0.174% from 500 g of dried mushroom. The degree of deacetylation of chitosan is 80.70%. As a polycationic polymer, one of its applications is a metal adsorbent. Cr metal is a heavy metal that is mostly found in leather industrial waste. Chitosan is used as a Cr metal adsorbent to reduce Cr metal content in the solution. This study showed that there was a reduction of Cr metal content as much as 82.75%. Thus, chitosan isolated from oyster mushrooms in this study has the potential to be a bio-adsorbent in order to reduce Cr metal content in leather industrial waste.
牡蛎蘑菇是一种可以用作壳聚糖来源的生物。壳聚糖可以由甲壳素脱乙酰制得。壳聚糖作为一种甲壳素衍生物,具有广阔的应用前景。在本研究中,从500克干蘑菇中分离出的甲壳素和壳聚糖分别高达1.696%和0.174%。壳聚糖的脱乙酰度为80.70%。作为一种聚阳离子聚合物,它的应用之一是金属吸附剂。铬金属是一种重金属,主要存在于皮革工业废物中。壳聚糖被用作Cr金属吸附剂,以降低溶液中Cr金属的含量。本研究表明,从牡蛎蘑菇中分离得到的壳聚糖可使铬金属含量降低82.75%。因此,本研究中分离出的壳聚糖具有作为生物吸附剂降低皮革工业废物中铬金属含量的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
KARAKTERISTIK DAN KUALITAS MUTU KARAGINAN RUMPUT LAUT DI INDONESIA 特性和质量
Pub Date : 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.22373/LJ.V9I1.9189
Surya Adi Saputra, Muammar Yulian, Khairun Nisah
Carrageenan is a product produced from the extraction process of red seaweed (Rhodophyceae). Carrageenan can be used in various business fields, both in the food and non-food sectors, which function as a gelling additive, binder, emulsifier and stabilizer. The research method used is Literature Review with data collection and screening that has inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results obtained indicate that the quality characteristics and quality for water content and average gel strength have not met the established standards, while the yield value, ash content and average viscosity have met the quality standards set by FAO, FCC and EEC. . The factors that greatly affect the characteristics and quality of carrageenan from seaweed are alkaline concentration, seaweed harvesting age, temperature and extraction time as well as the type and environmental conditions where the seaweed grows.
卡拉胶是从红藻科(Rhodophyceae)中提取的产物。卡拉胶可用于各种商业领域,包括食品和非食品领域,起到凝胶添加剂、粘合剂、乳化剂和稳定剂的作用。所使用的研究方法是文献综述,数据收集和筛选具有纳入和排除标准。研究结果表明,其含水率和平均凝胶强度的质量特性和质量均未达到既定标准,而屈服值、灰分和平均粘度均达到了FAO、FCC和EEC制定的质量标准。碱浓度、海藻收获年龄、温度和提取时间以及海藻生长的类型和环境条件是影响海藻卡拉胶特性和质量的主要因素。
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引用次数: 3
PENENTUAN KADAR FLAVONOID DARI EKSTRAK KULIT SALAK (Salacca zalacca. Reinw) BERDASARKAN PERBEDAAN PENGERINGAN SIMPLISIA 测定SALAK皮肤提取物的类黄酮水平。根据简单干燥的不同
Pub Date : 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.22373/LJ.V9I1.8498
Robbiyan Robbiyan, Mauritz Marpaung Pandapotan, Riza Apriani
The skin of the thorny palm has been empirically recognized by some people as a traditional medicine for beauty, antimicrobial, and antidiabetic. Compounds that act as treatment in the skin of the thorny palm is flavonoids. The study aims to determine the total flavonoid of the thorny palm rind extract based on differences in the drying of simplicia. The simplicia drying method used was oven-dry, direct sunlight, indirect sunlight, and air dry and fresh samples as control. Extraction using the maceration method with ethanol p.a. solvent. Determination of total flavonoid levels from the extract of thorny palm rind using the UV-Vis spectrophotometric method with quercetin standard solution. The qualitative test results showed that the skin of the thorny palm contains flavonoids after the addition of 1% AlCl 3 . The total flavonoid content in the fresh sample was 0.00342%, direct sunlight was 0.00350%, oven-dry was 0.00340%, dry air was 0.00357%, and indirect sunlight was 0.00361%. Therefore, it can be concluded that the highest flavonoid content in the extract of thorny palm rind is found in the indirect sun drying method.
根据经验,多刺的手掌皮被一些人认为是美容、抗菌和抗糖尿病的传统药物。在多刺棕榈的皮肤中起治疗作用的化合物是黄酮类化合物。本研究旨在根据单纯叶干燥过程中的差异,测定多刺棕榈皮提取物中的总黄酮含量。使用的simplicia干燥方法是烘箱干燥,阳光直射,间接阳光照射,空气干燥和新鲜样品作为对照。使用乙醇p.a.溶剂浸渍法提取。槲皮素标准溶液紫外-可见分光光度法测定多刺棕榈皮提取物中总黄酮含量。定性试验结果表明,添加1%AlCl3后,刺棕榈皮中含有黄酮类化合物。新鲜样品中总黄酮含量为0.00342%,阳光直射为0.00350%,烘干为0.00340%,干燥空气为0.00357%,间接阳光为0.00361%。因此,可以得出结论,刺棕榈皮提取物中黄酮含量最高的是间接阳光干燥法。
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引用次数: 2
PENGEMBANGAN LKPD BERBASIS CHEMO-EDUTAINMENT (CET) PADA MATERI STOIKIOMETRI 基于stoikometers的化学测试(CET)的应用
Pub Date : 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.22373/LJ.V9I1.8727
Rani Puspita Hami
The objective of this study was to create learning media in the form of Chemo-Edutainment-based worksheets on stoichiometric material and to determine the characteristics and quality of the products being developed. It used a research and development model with a 4-dimensional development model which consisted of define, design, develop, and disseminate. However, research activities are only carried out until the development stage considering the limited time for research and the unfavorable conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic. The product characteristics developed are arranged based on the CET components. The quality of CET-based student worksheets on stoichiometric material is categorized as very feasible with a coefficient (V) of 0.86 for each expert validation. The results of student responses to the CET-based student worksheets showed an average percentage of 82% with a sufficiently valid category to be used as a reference for learning resources. To measure students’ cognitive skill, it used pretest and posttest throughout the N-gain test. Then, the N-gain value of 0.83 is classified as a high category.
本研究的目的是创建以化学教育为基础的化学计量材料工作表形式的学习媒体,并确定正在开发的产品的特性和质量。采用研发模式,采用定义-设计-开发-传播的四维开发模式。但是,考虑到研究时间有限和新冠疫情的不利条件,研究活动只进行到开发阶段。所开发的产品特性是根据CET组件进行排列的。基于cet的学生化学计量材料工作表的质量被归类为非常可行,每个专家验证的系数(V)为0.86。学生对以大学英语为基础的学生工作表的反应结果显示,平均百分比为82%,其中有足够有效的类别可作为学习资源的参考。为了测量学生的认知技能,在整个n -增益测试中采用了前测和后测。则将n增益值0.83归为高类别。
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引用次数: 0
KEMAMPUAN REPRESENTASI SUBMIKROSKOPIK SISWA PADA KONSEP IKATAN KIMIA 学生们在化学键概念上的亚微观表现能力
Pub Date : 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.22373/LJ.V9I1.9336
Chusnur Rahmi, Mujakir Mujakir, Pipit Febriani
This study is motivated by the difficulty of leaners to understanding the concept of chemical bonding as a whole. Learning that does not represent submicroscopic level causes leaners difficulty to resolving submicroscopic based chemistry questions. This study aims to describe leaner’s ability in represent the concept of chemical bonding at the submicroscopic level. A qualitative descriptive method used in this study. The participants of the study were 30 leaners XI grade of SMA Negeri 1 Meulaboh. The submicroscopic based test instrument was employed in the study to collect the data. The result of study showed that the leaner’s ability of submicroscopic representation about chemical bonding as a whole falls into the category of enough with a percentage of 58.78%.  The average leaners score is 59.32 included in the criteria of sufficient understanding. Generally, leaners were not able to solve the submicroscopic based questions about chemical bonding as expected. The low ability of submicroscopic representation is due to leaners are not used to describing the ions, electrons, and molecular shapes submicroscopically, understanding of chemical bonding concept that are not yet intact, lack of interest and attention of leaners in receiving concept in the learning process.
本研究的动机是学习者很难理解化学键的概念作为一个整体。不代表亚微观层次的学习导致学习者难以解决基于亚微观的化学问题。本研究旨在描述学习者在亚微观水平上表达化学键概念的能力。本研究采用定性描述方法。本研究采用亚显微测试仪器进行数据采集。研究结果表明,学生对化学键的亚微观表征能力总体上还可以,占58.78%。在充分理解标准中,学习者的平均得分为59.32分。一般来说,学习者不能像预期的那样解决基于亚微观的化学键问题。亚微观表征能力较低的原因是学习者不习惯在亚微观上描述离子、电子和分子的形状,对化学键概念的理解还不完整,在学习过程中对概念的接受缺乏兴趣和注意。
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引用次数: 0
POTENSI BEBERAPA JENIS RUMPUT LAUT DI ACEH (STUDI KASUS: SKRINING FITOKIMIA DAN AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN) 一些潜在的海藻在亚齐(案例研究:植物化学和抗氧化剂活性)
Pub Date : 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.22373/LJ.V9I1.10169
Adean Mayasri
One of the sea potentials in Aceh is seaweed. Seaweed contains secondary metabolites and antioxidants that are very well consumed because it can act as an antidote/protector from the free radicals. This study aimed to determine the secondary metabolite content and antioxidant activity of seaweed in Aceh.The seaweed that has been macerated then screened for phytochemicals and tested for antioxidant activity by using the DPPH method. The seaweed species found were Gracillaria verrucosa, Sargassum sp., and Chaetomorpha antennina. The results of this study indicated that Gracillaria verrucosa, Sargassum sp., and Chaetomorpha antennina seaweeds were contained by alkaloids and steroids. Flavonoid and saponins were only detected in the types of seaweed Gracillaria verrucosa and Sargassum sp. It was also found that the higher the concentration of the extract, the higher the percentage of IC50 against free radicals. The Sargassum sp. has a stable percentage of inhibition at a 2-10 ppm concentration, so it is recommended in this study to be considered cultivated in Aceh.
亚齐的海洋潜力之一是海藻。海藻含有次级代谢物和抗氧化剂,因为它可以作为自由基的解毒剂/保护剂,所以非常适合食用。本研究旨在测定亚齐地区海藻的次生代谢物含量和抗氧化活性。浸泡过的海藻,然后用DPPH方法筛选植物化学物质和测试抗氧化活性。发现的海藻种类有疣状葛尾藻、马尾藻和触角藻。结果表明,疣尾草、马尾藻和天线毛苔中含有生物碱和甾体类化合物。黄酮类和皂苷仅在疣尾草和马尾草中检测到,且提取物浓度越高,抗自由基IC50百分比越高。马尾藻在2-10 ppm浓度下具有稳定的抑制率,因此本研究建议考虑在亚齐种植。
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引用次数: 1
THE FORMULATION OF PEEL-OFF MASK FROM THE ETHANOL EXTRACT OF BILIMBI LEAVES (Averrhoa blimbi L.) AS ANTI-ACNE TREATMENT 油葵叶乙醇提取物剥脱面膜的研制作为抗痤疮治疗
Pub Date : 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.22373/LJ.V9I1.10206
Irma Zarwinda, F. Fauziah, Jumirna Jumirna, A. Adriani
This research aims to formulate and assess the efficacy of the peel-off mask as an anti-acne of ethanol extract from bilimbi leaves (Averrhoa bilimbi L.).  The method used was an experiment, evaluating the extract through the inhibition test of Staphylococcus epidermis bacteria with the paper disk diffusion method. The peel-off mask formulation added the extract with a concentration of 7% (F1), 9% (F2), 11% (F3), and without using extract (F0). The Peel-off mask preparation testing includes the detection of scents, colours, irritation checks, and the determination of peel-off anti-acne mask efficacy. This study was carried out at Akafarma of Banda Aceh and the Chemistry laboratory of FKIP Unsyiah. The findings of the inhibition zone for Staphylococcus epidermis bacteria at extract concentrations of 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% were 15 mm, 12 mm, 11 mm and 10 mm, respectively. The four peel-off mask formulas were gel, homogeneous, brown, with the distinctive scent of bilimbi leaves, and did not irritate the volunteers’ skin. The average decline in acne before and after using the mask for any formula (F0, FI, FII, and FIII) was 19.64%, 22.63%, 28.75% and 50%, respectively. The peel-off mask of ethanol extract of bilimbi leaves (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) is effective as an anti-acne treatment.
本研究旨在制备和评价可剥离面膜作为胆道叶乙醇提取物(Averrhoa bilimbi L.)的抗痤疮功效。所用方法为实验,采用纸片扩散法通过对葡萄球菌表皮细菌的抑制试验对提取物进行评价。剥离掩模制剂添加浓度为7%(F1)、9%(F2)、11%(F3)的提取物,并且不使用提取物(F0)。剥离面膜制剂测试包括气味、颜色、刺激性检查的检测,以及剥离抗粉刺面膜功效的测定。这项研究是在班达亚齐的阿卡法玛和FKIP Unsyah的化学实验室进行的。在提取物浓度为100%、75%、50%和25%时,葡萄球菌表皮细菌的抑制区分别为15mm、12mm、11mm和10mm。这四种可剥离面膜配方是凝胶状的、均匀的、棕色的,具有独特的胆汁叶香味,不会刺激志愿者的皮肤。使用任何配方奶粉(F0、FI、FII和FIII)的面膜前后,痤疮的平均减少率分别为19.64%、22.63%、28.75%和50%。胆叶乙醇提取物的剥离面膜(Averrhoa bilimbi L.)是一种有效的抗痤疮治疗方法。
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引用次数: 0
HASIL VALIDASI DAN UJI KETERPAHAMAN BUKU PENGAYAAN BIOKIMIA MATERI KARBOHIDRAT TERINTEGRASI KEISLAMAN 《生物化学浓缩碳水化合物整合》一书的验证与验证
Pub Date : 2021-07-20 DOI: 10.22373/LJ.V9I1.9346
Tika Ayudia Hartana, Siti Suryaningsih, Buchori Muslim
The State Islamic University of Syarif The State Islamic University of Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta has a vision to become a world-class university with the excellence of scientific, Islamic and Indonesian integration. The chemistry education study program has implemented it in Islamic integrated learning, but there are not many teaching materials available in the form of Islamic integrated enrichment books in several courses, one of which is the biochemistry course. The purpose of this study is to develop teaching materials in the form of an Islamic integrated biochemical enrichment book, carbohydrate materials that are suitable for use. This study uses the 4STMD (Four Steps Teaching Material Development) method. The stages are the stage of selection, structuring, characterization and reduction. Validation data were obtained from chemical integration experts with Islam and media experts. The number of respondents was 59 students of the 8th semester of 2016 class of chemistry education who have received biochemistry courses and Islamic and science courses. This enrichment book has been through field trials, namely testing the comprehension of the text to the respondents. The results of the research from the validation of Islamic religious experts show that the concept of biochemical and Islamic integration is valid and feasible to use with the high category comprehension test of 83.6% with the concept criteria easy to understand. The results of the feasibility test from media experts were 84.57%. Islamic integrated biochemical enrichment book on carbohydrate material is suitable for use with very good criteria. This book can be used as an integrated biochemical enrichment book for Islam and Indonesia.
雅加达叙里夫希达亚图拉国立伊斯兰大学的愿景是成为一所卓越的科学,伊斯兰和印度尼西亚融合的世界一流大学。化学教育学习计划在伊斯兰教综合学习中已经实施,但在几个课程中,以伊斯兰教综合富集书的形式提供的教材并不多,其中一个是生物化学课程。本研究的目的是开发适合使用的伊斯兰综合生化富集书、碳水化合物材料的教材形式。本研究采用四步教材开发方法。这四个阶段分别是选择、构造、表征和还原阶段。验证数据来自伊斯兰教的化学整合专家和媒体专家。调查对象为2016年化学教育第八学期59名接受过生物化学课程、伊斯兰教和科学课程的学生。这本丰富的书已经通过实地试验,即测试文本的理解受访者。来自伊斯兰教专家验证的研究结果表明,生物化学与伊斯兰教融合的概念是有效可行的,高类别理解测试率为83.6%,概念标准易于理解。媒体专家可行性测试的结果为84.57%。伊斯兰综合生化浓缩书对碳水化合物的材料是适合使用的,非常好的标准。这本书可以作为伊斯兰教和印度尼西亚的综合生化富集书。
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引用次数: 0
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X IPA PADA MATERI STRUKTUR ATOM DI MAN I BANDA ACEH TAHUN PELAJARAN 2019/2020
Pub Date : 2020-08-06 DOI: 10.22373/lj.v8i1.7334
Ruhaibah Ruhaibah
Research about the implementation of the learning model of teams games tournament in studying atomic structures has been carried out. The purpose of this study was to increase student interest in atomic structure by using the learning model of teams games tournament. The subjects of this study were students of Class X Science 1 at MAN 1 Banda Aceh with a total of 30 students. This research;was a classroom action research which conducted in 2 cycles.The results showed that students mastery learning increased from 56.67% at meeting 1 to 60.00% at meeting 2 in cycle I. Student learning completeness increased from 80.00% at meeting 1 to 90.00% at meeting 2 in the cycle II. Based on the results of this study note that the application of the learning model of teams games tournamentcan increase student learning interest.
对团队游戏竞赛学习模型在原子结构研究中的应用进行了研究。本研究旨在透过团队游戏比赛的学习模式,提高学生对原子结构的兴趣。本研究以班达亚齐MAN 1科学1班学生为研究对象,共30名学生。本研究为课堂行动研究,分2个周期进行。结果表明,学生的掌握学习从第一轮会议1的56.67%提高到第一轮会议2的60.00%。学生的学习完成度从第一轮会议1的80.00%提高到第一轮会议2的90.00%。基于本研究的结果,我们注意到团队游戏锦标赛的学习模式的应用可以提高学生的学习兴趣。
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引用次数: 0
THE PROFILE OF INQUIRY MODEL ON STUDENT ACTIVITY AND LEARNING OUTCOMES ON COLLIGATIVE PROPERTIES 探究模式对学生活动和学习结果的影响
Pub Date : 2019-07-09 DOI: 10.22373/lj.v7i1.4521
S. Akbar
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil aktivitas guru, aktivitas siswa, afektif siswa, psikomotor siswa, dan hasil belajar siswa. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian tindakan kelas dengan dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari tahap perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan evaluasi, serta analisis dan refleksi. Pada aktivitas guru, perbedaan nilai terlihat pada kelas C dengan persentase 76,28% (sangat baik) di siklus pertama menjadi 92,55% (luar biasa) di siklus kedua. Peningkatan juga terjadi pada aspek afektif, kognitif, dan psikomotor siswa. Skor profil dari hasil belajar pada ketiga kelas mencapai skor ketuntasan pada siklus 2, meskipun pada siklus 1 kelas A telah mencapai ketuntasan dengan kelulusan mencapai 85,71%. Selanjutnya, model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing ini dapat meningkatkan afektif, kognitif, dan psikomotor siswa. Oleh sebab itu, hasil belajar siswa pada materi sifat koligatif larutan telah mencapai indikator keberhasilan.
本研究旨在了解教师活动、学生活动、学生情感、学生心理运动和学生学习成果的概况。本研究方法采用两个循环的集体诉讼研究设计。每个周期包括规划、行动、观察和评估以及分析和反思阶段。在教师活动方面,C班的差异在第一个周期为76.28%(非常好),在第二个周期为92.55%(特别)。学生的情感、认知和心理运动方面也有所增加。第三班的学习成绩得分达到了第二周期的毕业分数,尽管在第一周期,A级达到了毕业分数,学历达到了85.71%。其次,这种引导墨水学习模式可以提高学生的情感、认知和心理运动能力。因此,学生对解决方案的量化性质的学习已经达到了成功的指标。
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引用次数: 0
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Lantanida Journal
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