Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.25299/rem.2022.vol5.no01.8782
Hendri Budi Kurniyanto, Diki Hadi Pratama, Imam Khoirul, M. Thoriq Wahyudi, Mukhlis
Repeated welding caused by welding defects in the weld joint will result in changes in the mechanical properties of the weld joint, especially in the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ). Significant changes will occur when welding on steel materials that have undergone special treatment during the manufacturing process, such as quenched and tempered S690Q steel. S690Q steel is a structural steel with high yield strength with quenched and tempered conditions. The research was conducted by doing repeated welding as a simulation of the repair process using the GMAW process. Macro observations as well as tensile, bending, hardness, toughness tests were carried out on cross sections of welded joints. From the results of all the tests carried out the results meet the requirements of the BS EN ISO 15614-1 standard, but the results of the hardness test can identify significant changes in mechanical properties in the HAZ, especially in the bottom or root pass and hot pass areas. The average hardness value decreased from 334.07 HV at the top (face) to 209.55 HV and 198.88 HV at the bottom (hot pass and root pass) on the left side of the HAZ. While on the right side of the HAZ, the hardness value is 337.40 HV to 254.34 HV and 208.64 HV. Keywords: HAZ, S690Q, Structural Steel, Quenched and Tempered Steel
焊接接头中由于焊接缺陷引起的重复焊接会导致焊缝力学性能的变化，特别是在热影响区(HAZ)。在制造过程中经过特殊处理的钢材，如调质后的S690Q钢，在焊接时会发生较大的变化。S690Q钢是一种具有高屈服强度和调质条件的结构钢。通过重复焊接模拟GMAW工艺修复过程进行了研究。对焊接接头的横截面进行了宏观观察和拉伸、弯曲、硬度、韧性试验。从所进行的所有测试的结果来看，结果符合BS EN ISO 15614-1标准的要求，但硬度测试的结果可以识别热影响区机械性能的显著变化，特别是在底部或根部孔道和热孔道区域。平均硬度从顶部(表面)的334.07 HV下降到底部(热孔道和根孔道)的209.55 HV和198.88 HV。热影响区右侧的硬度值为337.40 ~ 254.34 HV和208.64 HV。关键词:热影响区，S690Q，结构钢，调质钢
{"title":"MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF REPAIR WELDING HIGH YIELD STRENGTH STRUCTURAL STEEL S690Q","authors":"Hendri Budi Kurniyanto, Diki Hadi Pratama, Imam Khoirul, M. Thoriq Wahyudi, Mukhlis","doi":"10.25299/rem.2022.vol5.no01.8782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/rem.2022.vol5.no01.8782","url":null,"abstract":"Repeated welding caused by welding defects in the weld joint will result in changes in the mechanical properties of the weld joint, especially in the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ). Significant changes will occur when welding on steel materials that have undergone special treatment during the manufacturing process, such as quenched and tempered S690Q steel. S690Q steel is a structural steel with high yield strength with quenched and tempered conditions. The research was conducted by doing repeated welding as a simulation of the repair process using the GMAW process. Macro observations as well as tensile, bending, hardness, toughness tests were carried out on cross sections of welded joints. From the results of all the tests carried out the results meet the requirements of the BS EN ISO 15614-1 standard, but the results of the hardness test can identify significant changes in mechanical properties in the HAZ, especially in the bottom or root pass and hot pass areas. The average hardness value decreased from 334.07 HV at the top (face) to 209.55 HV and 198.88 HV at the bottom (hot pass and root pass) on the left side of the HAZ. While on the right side of the HAZ, the hardness value is 337.40 HV to 254.34 HV and 208.64 HV. \u0000Keywords: HAZ, S690Q, Structural Steel, Quenched and Tempered Steel","PeriodicalId":33715,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable Energy and Mechanics","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86001148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Potensi tanaman sayuran sangat terpenting di daerah-daerah saat ini. Terutama yang dilakukan di kota-kota yang luas dengan tanah yang luas. Permasalahan yang terjadi adalah penanaman benih sayuran dilahan yang luas, dan akan menimbukan tenaga besar, maka untuk itu di perlukan teknologi penyemai benih (seeder). Penyemaian benih sayuran yang dilakukan di Indonesia saat ini umumnya masih secara manual. Penyemaian manual dilakukan dengan meletakkan benih satu-persatu ke lubang tray semai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan mesin penyemai dengan performa yang lebih baik dan lebih memudahkan petani dan untuk dapat melakukan penyemaian. Penelitian ini mengunakan diagram alir dengan metode pengambilan data mengevaluasi performa dan penambahan alat pembuka alur. perencanaan alat pembuka alur di gambar dengan software auto cad dan alat pembuka alur terdiri dari sprocket, poros, pelindung poros, mata pisau pembuat alur. Alur yang di hasilkan memiliki kedalaman lebih kurang 20 cm dengan lebar 5 cm, alat pembuka alur ini akan di pasangkan dengan mesin penyemai benih yang telah di modifikas dengan mengilangkan sebuah poros yang meneruskan dari putaran pully ke poros roda, sehingga langsung dari poros pully ke poros roda. Mengevaluasi performa dan mendapatkan kecepatan rata sesudah dimodifikasi 3𝑚⁄𝑠 dari sebelumnya hanya 1,2 𝑚⁄𝑠, dan alat pembuka alur memiliki daya 0,14 hp, torsi 0,67 nm. Hasil yang didapatkan alat pembuka alur dapat memudahkan pekerjaan petani dan mengurangi kerugian akibat benih yang tercecer sewaktu penyemaian manual dan meningkatkan kecepatan produksi penyemaian benih yang di lakukan oleh mesin penyemai benih
{"title":"MODIFIKASI DAN EVALUASI PERFORMA DARI MESIN PENYEMAI BENIH SAYUR, SEEDER","authors":"Riwendra Candra Saputra, Rieza Zulrian Aldio, Irwan Anwar, K. Hastuti, Jhonni Rahman, Sehat Abdi Saragih","doi":"10.25299/rem.2022.vol5.no01.5641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/rem.2022.vol5.no01.5641","url":null,"abstract":"Potensi tanaman sayuran sangat terpenting di daerah-daerah saat ini. Terutama yang dilakukan di kota-kota yang luas dengan tanah yang luas. Permasalahan yang terjadi adalah penanaman benih sayuran dilahan yang luas, dan akan menimbukan tenaga besar, maka untuk itu di perlukan teknologi penyemai benih (seeder). Penyemaian benih sayuran yang dilakukan di Indonesia saat ini umumnya masih secara manual. Penyemaian manual dilakukan dengan meletakkan benih satu-persatu ke lubang tray semai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan mesin penyemai dengan performa yang lebih baik dan lebih memudahkan petani dan untuk dapat melakukan penyemaian. Penelitian ini mengunakan diagram alir dengan metode pengambilan data mengevaluasi performa dan penambahan alat pembuka alur. perencanaan alat pembuka alur di gambar dengan software auto cad dan alat pembuka alur terdiri dari sprocket, poros, pelindung poros, mata pisau pembuat alur. Alur yang di hasilkan memiliki kedalaman lebih kurang 20 cm dengan lebar 5 cm, alat pembuka alur ini akan di pasangkan dengan mesin penyemai benih yang telah di modifikas dengan mengilangkan sebuah poros yang meneruskan dari putaran pully ke poros roda, sehingga langsung dari poros pully ke poros roda. Mengevaluasi performa dan mendapatkan kecepatan rata sesudah dimodifikasi 3𝑚⁄𝑠 dari sebelumnya hanya 1,2 𝑚⁄𝑠, dan alat pembuka alur memiliki daya 0,14 hp, torsi 0,67 nm. Hasil yang didapatkan alat pembuka alur dapat memudahkan pekerjaan petani dan mengurangi kerugian akibat benih yang tercecer sewaktu penyemaian manual dan meningkatkan kecepatan produksi penyemaian benih yang di lakukan oleh mesin penyemai benih","PeriodicalId":33715,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable Energy and Mechanics","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88384486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.25299/rem.2021.vol4.no02.7480
Tengku Mohammad Yoshandi, Hadi Eka Hamdani, Annisa
Lead Apron is a Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) against the effect of Ionizing Radiation such as X-ray. It is essential for the radiation worker to wear Radiation Protection Equipment during commissions involving ionizing radiation. In Pekanbaru, Indonesia the most common radiation worker is Radiographer which help in hospital for diagnose. In this study the Lead Apron analyzed were 6 apron which suspected to have fault due to its inappropriate tend using NDT radiography methods. Radiography methods have advantage of graphic presentation of object unlike any NDT-methods. The image produce from radiography were analyzed using Computed Radiography (CR) and measured the defection of the material. There was only 3 of 6 Lead Apron appropriate for radiation protection.
{"title":"Material Analysis of Lead Aprons Using Radiography Non-Destructive Testing","authors":"Tengku Mohammad Yoshandi, Hadi Eka Hamdani, Annisa","doi":"10.25299/rem.2021.vol4.no02.7480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/rem.2021.vol4.no02.7480","url":null,"abstract":"Lead Apron is a Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) against the effect of Ionizing Radiation such as X-ray. It is essential for the radiation worker to wear Radiation Protection Equipment during commissions involving ionizing radiation. In Pekanbaru, Indonesia the most common radiation worker is Radiographer which help in hospital for diagnose. In this study the Lead Apron analyzed were 6 apron which suspected to have fault due to its inappropriate tend using NDT radiography methods. Radiography methods have advantage of graphic presentation of object unlike any NDT-methods. The image produce from radiography were analyzed using Computed Radiography (CR) and measured the defection of the material. There was only 3 of 6 Lead Apron appropriate for radiation protection. ","PeriodicalId":33715,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable Energy and Mechanics","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84978776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.25299/rem.2021.vol4.no02.7643
Ali Musnal, Fitrianti
In producing oil, one of the common problems faced by oil and gas companies is the production of a lot of water. Increased water production causes the storage tank to be unable to accommodate the produced water. To overcome the excess water production, some of the water is injected back into the well. In Field A, an innovation has been made for a water injection pump with the driving force coming from the Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) pump. The working principle of this ESP pump is to drain water from the disposal well to the injection well. Therefore, in order for the injection to run optimally, synchronization is carried out starting from the water entering the holding tank, the flow rate in the Disposal well and the pump capacity (ESP) for injecting from the holding well to the injection well. The amount of water flow rate injected through the ESP pump is 9,500 BWPD. For this reason, the capacity of the ESP pump as an injection pump is calculated. First, determine the water level in the tank to control the amount of flow that enters the reservoir well. Based on the results of the research that has been done, the water level in the holding tank to get a flow rate of 9,500 BWPD is 4.11 ft. And the results of the calculation of water will be injected using an ESP pump with a number of stages 22 with the TRW Reda Pump Devision pump type. The water will be channeled to the injection well with a type of galvanized iron pipe with a diameter of the main pipe (mainline) of 6 inches. From the disposal well, it flows with a 4 inch pipe as far as 45.93 ft and a 2 inch pipe as far as 2214.57 ft for well 07. As for wells 60, the flowline size is 4 inches as far as 708.66 ft and 2 inches as far as 987.53 ft.
在生产石油的过程中，油气公司面临的一个常见问题是生产出大量的水。产水量增加导致储罐无法容纳产出水。为了克服过剩的水产出，一些水被注入井中。在A油田，一种创新的注水泵由电潜泵(ESP)驱动。该ESP泵的工作原理是将废水从处置井排至注水井。因此，为了使注入工作达到最佳状态，从进入储罐的水、处置井的流量以及从储罐注入到注入井的泵容量(ESP)开始进行同步。通过ESP泵注入的水流量为9500 BWPD。因此，需要计算ESP泵作为注油泵的容量。首先，确定水箱中的水位，以控制进入水库井的流量。根据已经完成的研究结果，储罐内的水位为4.11英尺，流速为9500 BWPD。根据计算结果，将使用具有22级的ESP泵，使用TRW Reda pump Devision泵类型进行注水。水将被引导到注入井与一种镀锌铁管的直径为6英寸的总管(主线)。从处理井开始，07井通过一根4英寸管和一根2英寸管分别向45.93英尺和2214.57英尺处流动。对于60号井，产线尺寸分别为708.66英尺处的4英寸和987.53英尺处的2英寸。
{"title":"SYNCHRONIZATION OF STORAGE TANK VOLUME, DISPOSAL WELL VOLUME AND ELECTRIC SUBMERSIBLE PUMP (ESP) PUMP CAPACITY IN DISPOSAL WELL FIELD A","authors":"Ali Musnal, Fitrianti","doi":"10.25299/rem.2021.vol4.no02.7643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/rem.2021.vol4.no02.7643","url":null,"abstract":"In producing oil, one of the common problems faced by oil and gas companies is the production of a lot of water. Increased water production causes the storage tank to be unable to accommodate the produced water. To overcome the excess water production, some of the water is injected back into the well. In Field A, an innovation has been made for a water injection pump with the driving force coming from the Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP) pump. The working principle of this ESP pump is to drain water from the disposal well to the injection well. Therefore, in order for the injection to run optimally, synchronization is carried out starting from the water entering the holding tank, the flow rate in the Disposal well and the pump capacity (ESP) for injecting from the holding well to the injection well. \u0000The amount of water flow rate injected through the ESP pump is 9,500 BWPD. For this reason, the capacity of the ESP pump as an injection pump is calculated. First, determine the water level in the tank to control the amount of flow that enters the reservoir well. \u0000Based on the results of the research that has been done, the water level in the holding tank to get a flow rate of 9,500 BWPD is 4.11 ft. And the results of the calculation of water will be injected using an ESP pump with a number of stages 22 with the TRW Reda Pump Devision pump type. The water will be channeled to the injection well with a type of galvanized iron pipe with a diameter of the main pipe (mainline) of 6 inches. From the disposal well, it flows with a 4 inch pipe as far as 45.93 ft and a 2 inch pipe as far as 2214.57 ft for well 07. As for wells 60, the flowline size is 4 inches as far as 708.66 ft and 2 inches as far as 987.53 ft.","PeriodicalId":33715,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable Energy and Mechanics","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76047664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.25299/rem.2021.vol4.no02.7500
Budi Saputra, R. Z. Aldio, Dedikarni
During this time the ship's hull often occurs due to corrosion levels of salt in the Indonesian sea varies. The repair process often done to overcome this problem is by sandblasting which aims to clean the metal from the surface of the rust and provide suitable surface roughness on the metal surface so that the coating material can stick properly. This study aims to determine the size of silica sand and the repetition of the sandblasting process on the value of surface roughness and cleanliness of the material. In this study the SS400 material was sandblasting using 12 mesh, 16 mesh and 20 mesh sand at 7 bar, spraying 1x and 2x. From the test results obtained at a particle size of 20 mesh, 7 bar pressure, repeated spraying 2x which results in a surface roughness of 19.80 µm and cleanliness results achieved according to standard SA 2 1/2 (SSPC-SP10) from these conditions obtained surface roughness values according with the standard surface roughness of sandblasting and the level of cleanliness achieved in accordance with ISO 8503 standards and has been allowed for application.
{"title":"EFFECT OF SPRAYING AND MESH SIZE ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF SS400 STEEL SANDBLASTING PROCESS","authors":"Budi Saputra, R. Z. Aldio, Dedikarni","doi":"10.25299/rem.2021.vol4.no02.7500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/rem.2021.vol4.no02.7500","url":null,"abstract":"During this time the ship's hull often occurs due to corrosion levels of salt in the Indonesian sea varies. The repair process often done to overcome this problem is by sandblasting which aims to clean the metal from the surface of the rust and provide suitable surface roughness on the metal surface so that the coating material can stick properly. This study aims to determine the size of silica sand and the repetition of the sandblasting process on the value of surface roughness and cleanliness of the material. In this study the SS400 material was sandblasting using 12 mesh, 16 mesh and 20 mesh sand at 7 bar, spraying 1x and 2x. From the test results obtained at a particle size of 20 mesh, 7 bar pressure, repeated spraying 2x which results in a surface roughness of 19.80 µm and cleanliness results achieved according to standard SA 2 1/2 (SSPC-SP10) from these conditions obtained surface roughness values according with the standard surface roughness of sandblasting and the level of cleanliness achieved in accordance with ISO 8503 standards and has been allowed for application.","PeriodicalId":33715,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable Energy and Mechanics","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87582745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-28DOI: 10.25299/REM.2021.VOL4.NO01.5772
Rycha Melysa
One of the production problems that arise at the Gathering Station is an unstable production problem, this is caused by controlling the level of fluid in the wash tank that is less than the maximum for that need to be improved by changing the system from manual to automatic. To maintain the stability of production at the gathering station, special measures such as controlling fluid levels in the storage tanks need to be carried out, monitoring pressure, temperature monitoring and so on that can have a positive effect on oil production at the gathering station. Wash Tank is a tank that is useful for temporary storage of liquid fluid (liquid) that comes from the boot gas. The liquid fluid entering the wash tank consists of a mixture of crude oil and water. At the Wash tank the process of separation between crude oil and water. This washing tank is the largest tank compared to other processing tanks at the gathering station, its diameter is around 85 ft to 90 ft, and its height is around 35 ft to 40 ft. The normal level in the separation process is 36 ft, where the level 1 ft - 29 ft is the water level, while the level 29 ft - 36 ft is the oil level. The 1ft - 29 ft level is referred to as the interface level, where the water level is expected to be at level 29 and the thickness of the oil / oil stock tank 7 ft in the wash tank. Research conducted on the problem of controlling the level of fluid in the wash tank, where manual control is ineffective and inefficient, for this reason it is necessary to change from a manual to automatic process with the ROC (Remote Operation Control) system, the changes made are expected to maintain the interface and the oil stock tank in accordance with the set point that has been determined and where the amount of oil production per day at the gathering station is very influential on the oil stock tank so that the oil pumped to the shipping line has a BS&W below 1% and has a temperature of 130 ° F -150 ° F In order to obtain this value, we must maintain the interface and the oil stock tank in accordance with the specified set point and where the amount of oil production per day at the gathering station is very influential on the oil stock tank
{"title":"OPTIMIZING OIL PRODUCTION AT THE GATHERING STATION BY MAINTAINING THE OIL STOCK TANK / INTERFACE LEVEL IN THE WASH TANK USING THE ROC SYSTEM","authors":"Rycha Melysa","doi":"10.25299/REM.2021.VOL4.NO01.5772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25299/REM.2021.VOL4.NO01.5772","url":null,"abstract":"One of the production problems that arise at the Gathering Station is an unstable production problem, this is caused by controlling the level of fluid in the wash tank that is less than the maximum for that need to be improved by changing the system from manual to automatic. To maintain the stability of production at the gathering station, special measures such as controlling fluid levels in the storage tanks need to be carried out, monitoring pressure, temperature monitoring and so on that can have a positive effect on oil production at the gathering station. \u0000Wash Tank is a tank that is useful for temporary storage of liquid fluid (liquid) that comes from the boot gas. The liquid fluid entering the wash tank consists of a mixture of crude oil and water. At the Wash tank the process of separation between crude oil and water. This washing tank is the largest tank compared to other processing tanks at the gathering station, its diameter is around 85 ft to 90 ft, and its height is around 35 ft to 40 ft. The normal level in the separation process is 36 ft, where the level 1 ft - 29 ft is the water level, while the level 29 ft - 36 ft is the oil level. The 1ft - 29 ft level is referred to as the interface level, where the water level is expected to be at level 29 and the thickness of the oil / oil stock tank 7 ft in the wash tank. \u0000 \u0000Research conducted on the problem of controlling the level of fluid in the wash tank, where manual control is ineffective and inefficient, for this reason it is necessary to change from a manual to automatic process with the ROC (Remote Operation Control) system, the changes made are expected to maintain the interface and the oil stock tank in accordance with the set point that has been determined and where the amount of oil production per day at the gathering station is very influential on the oil stock tank so that the oil pumped to the shipping line has a BS&W below 1% and has a temperature of 130 ° F -150 ° F In order to obtain this value, we must maintain the interface and the oil stock tank in accordance with the specified set point and where the amount of oil production per day at the gathering station is very influential on the oil stock tank","PeriodicalId":33715,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Renewable Energy and Mechanics","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80689730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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