Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35567/1999-4508-2020-5-4
The article presents methodical proposals concerning replacement of the approved norms for calculation of sanitary releases from reservoirs for ecological flow, proposals for the methods of determination of the ecological flow parameters that could be accepted for Kazakhstan for the river flow regulating. We tried to use the developed methodical principles based on ecological safety for determination of scientifically proved quantitative dependencies and norms of the flow permissible withdrawal for the main rivers of Kazakhstan. Within the framework of the performed studies Kazakhstan as the Chairperson of the Convention on Transboundary Water Courses and Water Bodies of the UN EEC intends to present the methods for determination of ecological flow and permissible river flow withdrawal for discussion.
{"title":"Conceptual Basics of Standardization of Ecological and Free Flow for Rivers in Kazakhstan","authors":"","doi":"10.35567/1999-4508-2020-5-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35567/1999-4508-2020-5-4","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents methodical proposals concerning replacement of the approved norms for calculation of sanitary releases from reservoirs for ecological flow, proposals for the methods of determination of the ecological flow parameters that could be accepted for Kazakhstan for the river flow regulating. We tried to use the developed methodical principles based on ecological safety for determination of scientifically proved quantitative dependencies and norms of the flow permissible withdrawal for the main rivers of Kazakhstan. Within the framework of the performed studies Kazakhstan as the Chairperson of the Convention on Transboundary Water Courses and Water Bodies of the UN EEC intends to present the methods for determination of ecological flow and permissible river flow withdrawal for discussion.","PeriodicalId":33780,"journal":{"name":"Vodnoe khoziaistvo Rossii problemy tekhnologii upravlenie","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69891535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35567/1999-4508-2020-2-9
An attempt to evaluate the diffuse removal of mineral nitrogen and phosphorus from river catchments in the central part of the Russian Plain has been made. A rough esti-mate of the annual water-biogenic balance for the Linda and Kudma river catchments, which are the tributaries of the Cheboksary reservoir, and river catchments of the Kursk region is presented. It is shown that the diffuse removal of biogens from river catchments exceeds their removal into water bodies with wastewater, and in recent years (2008–2018) it reached 75–95 %. Along with the surface component of the runoff, the contribution of underground runoff and precipitation to this process is estimated. It is found that on the catchment area of the lateral tributary of the Cheboksary reservoir, the natural component in the diffuse removal of nutrients predominates comprising 55–75 % and more their total removal. Due to the intensive anthropogenic load in the Kursk region, the natural supply of biogens to the river catchments (30% nitrogen and 5% phosphorus) is much less than their anthropogenic input. The livestock business, poultry farming, urban areas (including the road network) and fertilization are the most significant sources of anthropogenic nutrient input. Resent chang-ers in nitrogen and phosphorus removal from river catchments are assessed. They have oc-curred mainly due to climatic changes in the water balance – due to decrease in the surface slope runoff and due to increase in the runoff of infiltration origin (underground runoff and vekhovodka). Annual biogens export from the Linda and Kudma river catchments has in-creased significantly (by 20–30 %). At the same time in the Kursk region, due to a reduction in the annual river flow (by 30–40 %), nutrient removal has decreased.
{"title":"Special features of the contemporary biogens runoff formation in the central part of the russian plain.","authors":"","doi":"10.35567/1999-4508-2020-2-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35567/1999-4508-2020-2-9","url":null,"abstract":"An attempt to evaluate the diffuse removal of mineral nitrogen and phosphorus from river catchments in the central part of the Russian Plain has been made. A rough esti-mate of the annual water-biogenic balance for the Linda and Kudma river catchments, which are the tributaries of the Cheboksary reservoir, and river catchments of the Kursk region is presented. It is shown that the diffuse removal of biogens from river catchments exceeds their removal into water bodies with wastewater, and in recent years (2008–2018) it reached 75–95 %. Along with the surface component of the runoff, the contribution of underground runoff and precipitation to this process is estimated. It is found that on the catchment area of the lateral tributary of the Cheboksary reservoir, the natural component in the diffuse removal of nutrients predominates comprising 55–75 % and more their total removal. Due to the intensive anthropogenic load in the Kursk region, the natural supply of biogens to the river catchments (30% nitrogen and 5% phosphorus) is much less than their anthropogenic input. The livestock business, poultry farming, urban areas (including the road network) and fertilization are the most significant sources of anthropogenic nutrient input. Resent chang-ers in nitrogen and phosphorus removal from river catchments are assessed. They have oc-curred mainly due to climatic changes in the water balance – due to decrease in the surface slope runoff and due to increase in the runoff of infiltration origin (underground runoff and vekhovodka). Annual biogens export from the Linda and Kudma river catchments has in-creased significantly (by 20–30 %). At the same time in the Kursk region, due to a reduction in the annual river flow (by 30–40 %), nutrient removal has decreased.","PeriodicalId":33780,"journal":{"name":"Vodnoe khoziaistvo Rossii problemy tekhnologii upravlenie","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69891474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.35567/1999-4508-2020-5
{"title":"Экологический сток как приоритетный компонент разработки методик перераспределения водных ресурсов","authors":"","doi":"10.35567/1999-4508-2020-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35567/1999-4508-2020-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33780,"journal":{"name":"Vodnoe khoziaistvo Rossii problemy tekhnologii upravlenie","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69891515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-15DOI: 10.35567/1999-4508-2019-5
{"title":"Экология окружающей среды и состояние водных объектов","authors":"","doi":"10.35567/1999-4508-2019-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35567/1999-4508-2019-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33780,"journal":{"name":"Vodnoe khoziaistvo Rossii problemy tekhnologii upravlenie","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41508591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-15DOI: 10.35567/1999-4508-2019-2
{"title":"Решение задач территориального управления и планирования экологически безопасного водопользования","authors":"","doi":"10.35567/1999-4508-2019-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35567/1999-4508-2019-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33780,"journal":{"name":"Vodnoe khoziaistvo Rossii problemy tekhnologii upravlenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47142641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-15DOI: 10.35567/1999-4508-2019-1-3
A. V. Skalin, V. A. Skalin, A. A. Skalin
We have considered some specific features of the groundwater deposits prospecting methods in crack/karst beds in the river valleys of the East Urals hydro/geological fold area operated with infiltration water inlets. We have defined the type of groundwater deposits in the metamorphic rocks where it is possible to carry out water treatment within beds at the geo/chemical barriers. The article presents the outcomes of experimental hydro/geo/ecological studies at the Obroshina groundwater deposit hydro/chemical barriers within the crack/karst beds. This deposit’s natural resources relate, in terms of quality, to mineral natural drinking waters suitable for industrial bottling. We have proved the possibility of the Obroshina deposit as a reserve source of drinking groundwater for Ekaterinburg water supply.
{"title":"Protection of the Middle Urals Valleys’ Groundwater Deposits with Geo/chemical Barriers","authors":"A. V. Skalin, V. A. Skalin, A. A. Skalin","doi":"10.35567/1999-4508-2019-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35567/1999-4508-2019-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"We have considered some specific features of the groundwater deposits prospecting methods in crack/karst beds in the river valleys of the East Urals hydro/geological fold area operated with infiltration water inlets. We have defined the type of groundwater deposits in the metamorphic rocks where it is possible to carry out water treatment within beds at the geo/chemical barriers. The article presents the outcomes of experimental hydro/geo/ecological studies at the Obroshina groundwater deposit hydro/chemical barriers within the crack/karst beds. This deposit’s natural resources relate, in terms of quality, to mineral natural drinking waters suitable for industrial bottling. We have proved the possibility of the Obroshina deposit as a reserve source of drinking groundwater for Ekaterinburg water supply.","PeriodicalId":33780,"journal":{"name":"Vodnoe khoziaistvo Rossii problemy tekhnologii upravlenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45120062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-15DOI: 10.35567/1999-4508-2019-1-2
Tran Huynh Thao
The article shows how anthropogenic impacts on the hydrological regime in the upper part of the river basin together with climatic changes lead to an ecological catastrophe in the delta of the river. We have considered the Mekong River basin, which is located on the territory of six countries, where more than 30 hydroelectric power stations are already operating in the upper part of the basin, and another 10 are under construction. The number of hydroelectric power stations in the basin is planned to be increased to 170. The Mekong River Delta, completely located on the territory of Vietnam, is experiencing huge multifaceted problems. The delta has been growing towards the sea for many centuries, but in recent decades it has been receding, primarily due to a sharp decrease in the inflow of sediment in the delta, which is detained by numerous dams upstream. Uncontrolled until recently the extraction of sand and gravel mixtures from the riverbed also has an impact. On the other hand, the construction of hydraulic structures is not only a very important factor in the economic development of the basin countries, but also an important tool in combating the growing contrast of the climate, when floods are becoming more powerful, and the decline of the runoff in the dry period is becoming lower. Reduction of low-water runoff is exacerbated by the pumping out of groundwater for the needs of water supply. Reduction of the solid flow and low-water flow against the background of the growth of the world ocean level caused by climate change leads to a significant penetration of sea salt waters along the canal and channel systems into the delta. This has an extremely adverse effect on crop production and fish farming. At the same time, the Mekong Delta is the most important agricultural sector in Vietnam, accounting for more than 50% of total rice production and 60% of fish production. An article is devoted to the investigation of these problems and the identification of ways to solve them.
{"title":"Environmental/hydrological problems of the Mekong River Delta","authors":"Tran Huynh Thao","doi":"10.35567/1999-4508-2019-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35567/1999-4508-2019-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"The article shows how anthropogenic impacts on the hydrological regime in the upper part of the river basin together with climatic changes lead to an ecological catastrophe in the delta of the river. We have considered the Mekong River basin, which is located on the territory of six countries, where more than 30 hydroelectric power stations are already operating in the upper part of the basin, and another 10 are under construction. The number of hydroelectric power stations in the basin is planned to be increased to 170. The Mekong River Delta, completely located on the territory of Vietnam, is experiencing huge multifaceted problems. The delta has been growing towards the sea for many centuries, but in recent decades it has been receding, primarily due to a sharp decrease in the inflow of sediment in the delta, which is detained by numerous dams upstream. Uncontrolled until recently the extraction of sand and gravel mixtures from the riverbed also has an impact. On the other hand, the construction of hydraulic structures is not only a very important factor in the economic development of the basin countries, but also an important tool in combating the growing contrast of the climate, when floods are becoming more powerful, and the decline of the runoff in the dry period is becoming lower. Reduction of low-water runoff is exacerbated by the pumping out of groundwater for the needs of water supply. Reduction of the solid flow and low-water flow against the background of the growth of the world ocean level caused by climate change leads to a significant penetration of sea salt waters along the canal and channel systems into the delta. This has an extremely adverse effect on crop production and fish farming. At the same time, the Mekong Delta is the most important agricultural sector in Vietnam, accounting for more than 50% of total rice production and 60% of fish production. An article is devoted to the investigation of these problems and the identification of ways to solve them.","PeriodicalId":33780,"journal":{"name":"Vodnoe khoziaistvo Rossii problemy tekhnologii upravlenie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42200584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35567/1999-4508-2019-2-1
A. Beshentsev, D. T. Tsibudeyeva
The advantages of the basin approach in the study of regional water use are justified in the article, water management areas according to the water management division of the Russian Federation were used as territorial units of the study. A universal methodic for the integrated assessment of the region’s water management activities was developed, based on geo/information technology. Stages of the study are described, including water management of the area, ranking based on the total anthropogenic load on water bodies and river basins, zoning of the territory to optimize the target use of water resources. The GIS of water use of the Lake Baikal basin is developed on the basis of governmental statistics, mass media examples of organization of water management data, as well as the results of automated mapping of water bodies. The results of water management regionalization are presented and spatial regularities of water use organization in the investigated territory are revealed. The ranking of river basins and water bodies according to the degree of anthropogenic load has been carried out, ecological problems of the region have been identified and their spatial localization has been fixed, the exact locations of pollution sources and their influence on water management have been established. Zoning of the territory under study for targeted use of water resources was proposed, five unique zones were identified, differentiated according to the special conditions for the formation of water resources and the specific use of water bodies, as well as the nature and intensity of the current and forecasted water use. A set of measures to optimize water use within the zones of targeted use of water resources is proposed.
{"title":"Integrated Assessment of Water Use in the Russian Part of the Lake Baikal Basin Based on Geo/information Technology","authors":"A. Beshentsev, D. T. Tsibudeyeva","doi":"10.35567/1999-4508-2019-2-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35567/1999-4508-2019-2-1","url":null,"abstract":"The advantages of the basin approach in the study of regional water use are justified in the article, water management areas according to the water management division of the Russian Federation were used as territorial units of the study. A universal methodic for the integrated assessment of the region’s water management activities was developed, based on geo/information technology. Stages of the study are described, including water management of the area, ranking based on the total anthropogenic load on water bodies and river basins, zoning of the territory to optimize the target use of water resources. The GIS of water use of the Lake Baikal basin is developed on the basis of governmental statistics, mass media examples of organization of water management data, as well as the results of automated mapping of water bodies. The results of water management regionalization are presented and spatial regularities of water use organization in the investigated territory are revealed. The ranking of river basins and water bodies according to the degree of anthropogenic load has been carried out, ecological problems of the region have been identified and their spatial localization has been fixed, the exact locations of pollution sources and their influence on water management have been established. Zoning of the territory under study for targeted use of water resources was proposed, five unique zones were identified, differentiated according to the special conditions for the formation of water resources and the specific use of water bodies, as well as the nature and intensity of the current and forecasted water use. A set of measures to optimize water use within the zones of targeted use of water resources is proposed.","PeriodicalId":33780,"journal":{"name":"Vodnoe khoziaistvo Rossii problemy tekhnologii upravlenie","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69890637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35567/1999-4508-2019-2-3
A. Litvinenko, I. A. Litvinova, N. Filatov, M. Bogdanova
The article, based on the statistical information analysis, describes the water economy of Karelia (water consumption and water disposal), their current state and dynamics for the period from 1970 to 2015 in conjunction with the socio-economic conditions of the Republic development. The volumes of water use for different water consumers (industry, household, fishery and agriculture) are estimated and the specifics of their variations are found. It is shown that the industry continues to be the main water consumer in the region. We have established that the share of household consumption in the overall structure of water consumption has been constantly increasing over the past 30 years, and agricultural water consumption has been continuously decreasing and tending to zero. We specified annual increase in the use of water for fisheries (store-pond trout farming). Some problems of quantitative accounting of water resources use and generalization of primary information have been discussed.
{"title":"Water Management in the Republic of Karelia: the Current State and Dynamics","authors":"A. Litvinenko, I. A. Litvinova, N. Filatov, M. Bogdanova","doi":"10.35567/1999-4508-2019-2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35567/1999-4508-2019-2-3","url":null,"abstract":"The article, based on the statistical information analysis, describes the water economy of Karelia (water consumption and water disposal), their current state and dynamics for the period from 1970 to 2015 in conjunction with the socio-economic conditions of the Republic development. The volumes of water use for different water consumers (industry, household, fishery and agriculture) are estimated and the specifics of their variations are found. It is shown that the industry continues to be the main water consumer in the region. We have established that the share of household consumption in the overall structure of water consumption has been constantly increasing over the past 30 years, and agricultural water consumption has been continuously decreasing and tending to zero. We specified annual increase in the use of water for fisheries (store-pond trout farming). Some problems of quantitative accounting of water resources use and generalization of primary information have been discussed.","PeriodicalId":33780,"journal":{"name":"Vodnoe khoziaistvo Rossii problemy tekhnologii upravlenie","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69890805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.35567/1999-4508-2019-1-4
N. M. Zheleznyak
The article considers the issues of the state water registry formation, its current state analysis, composition of information and ways of its input. The results of the study make it possible to state that in its current form the state water registry does not correspond to the realities of the time. Analysis of private and official applications to the Federal Agency of Water Resources territorial bodies has demonstrated that the State Water Register in its current state cannot satisfy the most of the supplied inquiries. Among other problems, it is hardly possible to identify water bodies in terms of their location, this inevitably increases risks of these water bodies degradation. The article also provides recommendations for arranging the State Water Registry in the form of a map, combining the resources of automated information systems “State Water Registry” and “State Monitoring of Water Objects” and establishing a public service “Public Water Registry”. In addition, a new form of the state water register “1.9-gvr M – Water objects explored” has been developed; Using the example of the Mzymta River, a model of a new state water registry has been developed.
本文对国家水登记制度的形成、现状分析、信息构成和信息输入方式等问题进行了探讨。这项研究的结果使我们有可能指出，国家水登记册目前的形式不符合当时的现实。对向联邦水利局领土机构提出的私人和官方申请的分析表明，目前状态的国家水登记册不能满足所提供的大多数查询。除其他问题外，几乎不可能确定水体的位置，这不可避免地增加了这些水体退化的风险。本文还提出了以地图形式安排国家水登记、整合“国家水登记”和“国家水物监测”自动化信息系统资源以及建立公共服务“公共水登记”的建议。此外，还开发了一种新的国家水登记形式“1.9-gvr M -探索的水对象”;以Mzymta河为例，开发了一个新的州水登记模型。
{"title":"On the Issue of the Geographical Information Systems as a Form of the State Water Registry Development (the Mzymta River model as a study case)","authors":"N. M. Zheleznyak","doi":"10.35567/1999-4508-2019-1-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35567/1999-4508-2019-1-4","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the issues of the state water registry formation, its current state analysis, composition of information and ways of its input. The results of the study make it possible to state that in its current form the state water registry does not correspond to the realities of the time. Analysis of private and official applications to the Federal Agency of Water Resources territorial bodies has demonstrated that the State Water Register in its current state cannot satisfy the most of the supplied inquiries. Among other problems, it is hardly possible to identify water bodies in terms of their location, this inevitably increases risks of these water bodies degradation. The article also provides recommendations for arranging the State Water Registry in the form of a map, combining the resources of automated information systems “State Water Registry” and “State Monitoring of Water Objects” and establishing a public service “Public Water Registry”. In addition, a new form of the state water register “1.9-gvr M – Water objects explored” has been developed; Using the example of the Mzymta River, a model of a new state water registry has been developed.","PeriodicalId":33780,"journal":{"name":"Vodnoe khoziaistvo Rossii problemy tekhnologii upravlenie","volume":"462 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69890899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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