Vaginal delivery after a Caesarean section remains a controversial topic: there is a lack of reliable data to help doctors and women in labour to determine the best option for delivery during subsequent pregnancy. The review analyzed and summarized the results of the studies devoted to childbirth of pregnant women with scars on the uterus, considered the advantages and disadvantages of vaginal childbirth and repeat Caesarean section, the frequency of complications in the attempt of vaginal childbirth in women with scars on the uterus has been assessed. The modern medical literature available in open sources has been studied: Russian-language scientifc electronic libraries eLibrary and CyberLeninka, Englishlanguage database of medical and biological publications PubMed. It is necessary to consider the data of anamnesis and clinical-instrumental data when choosing the best management tactics of pregnancy and delivery for women with scars on the uterus. Attempting to deliver vaginally helps to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity, and a large number of studies on this issue should help to reduce the number of unwarranted repeat Caesarean sections. Vaginal delivery after a Caesarean section is an opportunity to avoid severe abdominal surgery and negative consequences associated with repeated Caesarean sections.
{"title":"Delivery features of pregnant women with a uterine scar","authors":"E. Nikolaeva, A. Sulima","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230205","url":null,"abstract":"Vaginal delivery after a Caesarean section remains a controversial topic: there is a lack of reliable data to help doctors and women in labour to determine the best option for delivery during subsequent pregnancy. The review analyzed and summarized the results of the studies devoted to childbirth of pregnant women with scars on the uterus, considered the advantages and disadvantages of vaginal childbirth and repeat Caesarean section, the frequency of complications in the attempt of vaginal childbirth in women with scars on the uterus has been assessed. The modern medical literature available in open sources has been studied: Russian-language scientifc electronic libraries eLibrary and CyberLeninka, Englishlanguage database of medical and biological publications PubMed. It is necessary to consider the data of anamnesis and clinical-instrumental data when choosing the best management tactics of pregnancy and delivery for women with scars on the uterus. Attempting to deliver vaginally helps to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity, and a large number of studies on this issue should help to reduce the number of unwarranted repeat Caesarean sections. Vaginal delivery after a Caesarean section is an opportunity to avoid severe abdominal surgery and negative consequences associated with repeated Caesarean sections.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44195560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erythropoietin (EPO) exerts its effect on erythroid lineage cells through interaction with the EPO receptor (EPOR), the so-called canonical pathway, and through a complex consisting of EPOR and a common cytokine receptor beta subunit (CD131) – a non-canonical pathway for non-hematopoietic cells of the human and animal body. EPO realizes its effects through the launch of a signaling cascade, which begins with the phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and then with the involvement of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase B (PI3K) or Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) or signal transducers and transcription activators (STAT). EPO exhibits a direct cytoprotective effect through increased CD131 expression and subsequent development of anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects in target cells. In addition to its use in the treatment of anemia, EPO is increasingly being used in correction of inflammatory and degenerative processes, both in experimental and clinical studies. EPO promotes the engraftment of stem cells, differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in the connective tissue direction, suppresses the inflammatory response and apoptosis of cells in the lesion. The article includes literature data concerning EPO and its clinical use in inflammatory and degenerative processes, based on data from eLibrary and the National Center for Biotechnological Information (NCBI) for the period 1998–2022.
{"title":"Erythropoietin: function and therapeutic potential","authors":"A. Lykov","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230203","url":null,"abstract":"Erythropoietin (EPO) exerts its effect on erythroid lineage cells through interaction with the EPO receptor (EPOR), the so-called canonical pathway, and through a complex consisting of EPOR and a common cytokine receptor beta subunit (CD131) – a non-canonical pathway for non-hematopoietic cells of the human and animal body. EPO realizes its effects through the launch of a signaling cascade, which begins with the phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and then with the involvement of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase B (PI3K) or Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) or signal transducers and transcription activators (STAT). EPO exhibits a direct cytoprotective effect through increased CD131 expression and subsequent development of anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects in target cells. In addition to its use in the treatment of anemia, EPO is increasingly being used in correction of inflammatory and degenerative processes, both in experimental and clinical studies. EPO promotes the engraftment of stem cells, differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in the connective tissue direction, suppresses the inflammatory response and apoptosis of cells in the lesion. The article includes literature data concerning EPO and its clinical use in inflammatory and degenerative processes, based on data from eLibrary and the National Center for Biotechnological Information (NCBI) for the period 1998–2022.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41420822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Health risks from asbestos have been evaluated on the basis of professional histories from remote past, when exposures at workplaces were greater than today. The linear no-threshold model has been applied, although its relevance has not been demonstrated. Fibers are often found in the lungs and pleura at post mortem examinations. The fnding of fbers does not prove that a disease was caused by asbestos. It can be reasonably assumed that targeted search for mesothelioma and other asbestos-related diseases in exposed people resulted in increased detection rate. Histological and immunochemical characteristics of malignant mesothelioma partly overlap with other cancers, which may contribute to overdiagnosis in exposed populations. Amphibole asbestos is more toxic than chrysotile but there are discrepancies between experimental and epidemiological data. The promising way to obtain reliable information is lifelong animal experiments. Asbestos bans applied in some countries are excessive and should be reconsidered on the basis of independent research. It can be reasonably assumed that non-use of asbestos-containing brakes, freproofng, and insulation increases the harm from fres, armed conflicts and trafc accidents.
{"title":"Exaggerated risk perception of asbestos-related diseases: commentary","authors":"S. Jargin","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230201","url":null,"abstract":"Health risks from asbestos have been evaluated on the basis of professional histories from remote past, when exposures at workplaces were greater than today. The linear no-threshold model has been applied, although its relevance has not been demonstrated. Fibers are often found in the lungs and pleura at post mortem examinations. The fnding of fbers does not prove that a disease was caused by asbestos. It can be reasonably assumed that targeted search for mesothelioma and other asbestos-related diseases in exposed people resulted in increased detection rate. Histological and immunochemical characteristics of malignant mesothelioma partly overlap with other cancers, which may contribute to overdiagnosis in exposed populations. Amphibole asbestos is more toxic than chrysotile but there are discrepancies between experimental and epidemiological data. The promising way to obtain reliable information is lifelong animal experiments. Asbestos bans applied in some countries are excessive and should be reconsidered on the basis of independent research. It can be reasonably assumed that non-use of asbestos-containing brakes, freproofng, and insulation increases the harm from fres, armed conflicts and trafc accidents.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43696157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper analyzes the literature data on the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of malignant neoplasms (MN). Cytokines are biologically active, hormone-like proteins that regulate a wide range of processes occurring in the body. Cytokines determine the type and duration of the immune response, stimulation or suppression of cell growth, their differentiation, and functional activity. The complex of cytokines produced in the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the pathogenesis of MN. The spectra of biological activities of cytokines overlap in most cases. The same process in a cell can be stimulated by more than one cytokine, creating a favorable environment for the initiation and progression of MN. The immune system can recognize transformed cells. Various cytokines correspond to specifc pathways activated by receptors on the cell surface, which in turn cause intracellular signaling cascades that affect target cellular functions. Cytokine genes are mutually related to oncogenes. Cytokines, which are released in response to infection, inflammation, or during an immune response to an antigen, can inhibit tumor development. In turn, cytokines, which weaken apoptosis and promote invasion and metastasis, promote tumor growth. Cytokines are involved in the initiation, development and metastasis of malignant neoplasms through various mechanisms.
{"title":"The role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of malignant neoplasms","authors":"V. Rybkina, G. Adamova, D. Oslina","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230202","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyzes the literature data on the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of malignant neoplasms (MN). Cytokines are biologically active, hormone-like proteins that regulate a wide range of processes occurring in the body. Cytokines determine the type and duration of the immune response, stimulation or suppression of cell growth, their differentiation, and functional activity. The complex of cytokines produced in the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the pathogenesis of MN. The spectra of biological activities of cytokines overlap in most cases. The same process in a cell can be stimulated by more than one cytokine, creating a favorable environment for the initiation and progression of MN. The immune system can recognize transformed cells. Various cytokines correspond to specifc pathways activated by receptors on the cell surface, which in turn cause intracellular signaling cascades that affect target cellular functions. Cytokine genes are mutually related to oncogenes. Cytokines, which are released in response to infection, inflammation, or during an immune response to an antigen, can inhibit tumor development. In turn, cytokines, which weaken apoptosis and promote invasion and metastasis, promote tumor growth. Cytokines are involved in the initiation, development and metastasis of malignant neoplasms through various mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47539493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. I. Alferova, S. Mustafina, O. Rymar, S. M. Voevoda, L. Shcherbakova, E. Stakhneva, D. Denisova
Reports that the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in obesity is not the same, led to the allocation of metabolically healthy and unhealthy phenotypes (MHP and MUHP), this concept is based on the ability of adipose tissue to produce a number of adipokines, one of which is leptin. Hormones such as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin (PRL) are interesting from the point of view of their effect on metabolism. Aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of MHP and MUHP in young women with different body mass index (BMI) and hormonal status (TSH, PRL, leptin) in different phenotypes. Material and methods. A group of women (n = 655) was selected from a representative sample of the Novosibirsk population aged 25–44 to study clinical and laboratory parameters. The design is a cross – sectional, observational, single – centre study. IDF, 2005 and NCEP ATP III, 2001 criteria were used to evaluate the MHP and MUHP. Results and discussion. The prevalence of MUHP in young women in Novosibirsk was 22.3 %, MHP – 77.7 % according to IDF, 2005; according to NCEP ATP III, 2001 – 13.1 and 86.9 %, respectively. The prevalence of MUHP increased with increasing BMI from 4.0 to 72.0 % according to IDF, 2005 and from 2.3 to 58.0 % according to NCEP ATP III, 2001, respectively. In obese women, MUHP was detected twice as often as MHP – 72 and 28 % according to IDF, 2005, 58 and 42 % according to NCEP ATP III, 2001. TSH and PRL do not provide information about metabolic health in young women. Leptin content is associated with BMI. The threshold value of the leptin level was 18.3 ng/ml with maximum sensitivity and specificity (Se = 53.3 %, Sp = 81.5 %), 14.5 ng/ml with equal sensitivity and specificity (Se = 65.7 %, Sp = 65.7 %). The area under ROC curve (AUC) for diagnosis of MUHP was 0.727 (SE = 0.029, p < 0.0001). Conclusion. The frequency of MHP in young women decreases with increasing BMI. MUHP is 3.5 times less common than MHP according to IDF criteria, 2005. TSH and PRL are not associated with the metabolic phenotype in young women. A leptin level more than 18.3 ng/ml has been identified as one of the markers for the recognition of MUHP in women aged 25–44 years, regardless of BMI.
据报道，肥胖患者患心血管疾病的风险不一样，导致代谢健康和不健康表型（MHP和MUHP）的分配，这一概念是基于脂肪组织产生多种脂肪因子的能力，其中之一是瘦素。促甲状腺激素（TSH）和催乳素（PRL）等激素对代谢的影响是令人感兴趣的。本研究的目的是调查不同体重指数（BMI）和激素状态（TSH、PRL、瘦素）的年轻女性在不同表型中MHP和MUHP的患病率。材料和方法。从新西伯利亚25-44岁人群的代表性样本中选择一组女性（n=655），研究临床和实验室参数。该设计是一项横断面、观察性、单中心研究。IDF，2005和NCEP ATP III，2001标准用于评估MHP和MUHP。结果和讨论。根据IDF，2005年新西伯利亚年轻女性的MUHP患病率为22.3%，MHP为77.7%；根据NCEP ATP III，2001–13.1和86.9%。根据IDF（2005年）和NCEP ATP III（2001年），MUHP的患病率随着BMI的增加而增加，分别从4.0%增加到72.0%和从2.3%增加到58.0%。在肥胖女性中，MUHP的检测频率是MHP的两倍——根据IDF，2005年为72%和28%，根据NCEP ATP III，2001年为58%和42%。TSH和PRL没有提供关于年轻女性代谢健康的信息。瘦素含量与BMI有关。瘦素水平的阈值为18.3 ng/ml，具有最大的敏感性和特异性（Se=55.3%，Sp=81.5%），14.5 ng/ml，其敏感性和特异度相等（Se=65.7%，Sp=65.7%）。诊断MUHP的ROC曲线下面积（AUC）为0.727（SE=0.029，p<0.0001）。年轻女性MHP的频率随着BMI的增加而降低。根据IDF 2005年的标准，MUHP的发病率是MHP的3.5倍。TSH和PRL与年轻女性的代谢表型无关。瘦素水平超过18.3 ng/ml已被确定为25-44岁女性识别MUHP的标志之一，无论BMI如何。
{"title":"The frequency of metabolically healthy and unhealthy phenotypes in women aged 25–44 years with different levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin, leptin","authors":"V. I. Alferova, S. Mustafina, O. Rymar, S. M. Voevoda, L. Shcherbakova, E. Stakhneva, D. Denisova","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230112","url":null,"abstract":"Reports that the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases in obesity is not the same, led to the allocation of metabolically healthy and unhealthy phenotypes (MHP and MUHP), this concept is based on the ability of adipose tissue to produce a number of adipokines, one of which is leptin. Hormones such as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and prolactin (PRL) are interesting from the point of view of their effect on metabolism. Aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of MHP and MUHP in young women with different body mass index (BMI) and hormonal status (TSH, PRL, leptin) in different phenotypes. Material and methods. A group of women (n = 655) was selected from a representative sample of the Novosibirsk population aged 25–44 to study clinical and laboratory parameters. The design is a cross – sectional, observational, single – centre study. IDF, 2005 and NCEP ATP III, 2001 criteria were used to evaluate the MHP and MUHP. Results and discussion. The prevalence of MUHP in young women in Novosibirsk was 22.3 %, MHP – 77.7 % according to IDF, 2005; according to NCEP ATP III, 2001 – 13.1 and 86.9 %, respectively. The prevalence of MUHP increased with increasing BMI from 4.0 to 72.0 % according to IDF, 2005 and from 2.3 to 58.0 % according to NCEP ATP III, 2001, respectively. In obese women, MUHP was detected twice as often as MHP – 72 and 28 % according to IDF, 2005, 58 and 42 % according to NCEP ATP III, 2001. TSH and PRL do not provide information about metabolic health in young women. Leptin content is associated with BMI. The threshold value of the leptin level was 18.3 ng/ml with maximum sensitivity and specificity (Se = 53.3 %, Sp = 81.5 %), 14.5 ng/ml with equal sensitivity and specificity (Se = 65.7 %, Sp = 65.7 %). The area under ROC curve (AUC) for diagnosis of MUHP was 0.727 (SE = 0.029, p < 0.0001). Conclusion. The frequency of MHP in young women decreases with increasing BMI. MUHP is 3.5 times less common than MHP according to IDF criteria, 2005. TSH and PRL are not associated with the metabolic phenotype in young women. A leptin level more than 18.3 ng/ml has been identified as one of the markers for the recognition of MUHP in women aged 25–44 years, regardless of BMI.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43062350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim of the study was to consider a clinical example of diverticular disease of the sigmoid colon, complicated by a tubular intestinal fistula of the anterior abdominal wall and cicatricial stricture of the sigmoid colon. Material and methods. Patient B., 76 years old, was admitted to the proctology department with complaints of the presence of a fistula with purulent discharge in the area of the surgical scar. Preoperative examination with MRI, colonoscopy, fistulography revealed diverticular disease of the sigmoid colon, complicated by a tubular intestinal fistula of the anterior abdominalwall and stricture of the sigmoid colon at the level of the internal opening of the fistula. Results. The operation was performed in the following volume - excision of the fistula, resection of the sigmoid colon bearing the fistula, with endto-end anastomosis in the area without diverticula.
{"title":"Diverticular disease of the sigmoid colon, complicated by a tubular intestinal fistula of the anterior abdominal wall and cicatricial stricture of the sigmoid colon (case report)","authors":"M. N. Klimentov, S. V. Sysoev, M. Chupina","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230113","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study was to consider a clinical example of diverticular disease of the sigmoid colon, complicated by a tubular intestinal fistula of the anterior abdominal wall and cicatricial stricture of the sigmoid colon. Material and methods. Patient B., 76 years old, was admitted to the proctology department with complaints of the presence of a fistula with purulent discharge in the area of the surgical scar. Preoperative examination with MRI, colonoscopy, fistulography revealed diverticular disease of the sigmoid colon, complicated by a tubular intestinal fistula of the anterior abdominalwall and stricture of the sigmoid colon at the level of the internal opening of the fistula. Results. The operation was performed in the following volume - excision of the fistula, resection of the sigmoid colon bearing the fistula, with endto-end anastomosis in the area without diverticula.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42520439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. P. Molodykh, N. Palchikova, V. Selyatitskaya, A. Glushchenko, O. Kurskaya
Particular attention in the study of comorbid conditions is paid to viral diseases, in particular, those caused by the pandemic influenza virus type A subtype H1N1, as one of the most pathogenic and contagious. Investigation of the effect of this virus in the development of diabetes mellitus will make it possible to more effectively carry out preclinical studies to find the most effective methods of treating a viral infection against the background of a pre-existing somatic pathology. Purpose of the study was to evaluate the pancreatic toxicity effect of exposure to influenza A/H1N1-California virus in the development of streptozotocin diabetes in DBA/2 and BALB/c mice. Material and methods. Groups of mice DBA/2 (n = 36) and BALB/c (n = 58) were formed: infected with influenza A/H1N1-California virus (at different doses); with the introduction of a solution of streptozotocin at a dose of 150 mg / kg; with the combined use of agents. Life expectancy, blood glucose and insulin level, pathomorphological changes in the pancreas were assessed. Results and discussion. The death of animals was observed only in mice of the DBA/2 line: with the introduction of streptozotocin – 12.5 %, with intranasal infection with the virus (at a dose of 5.7 lg TCID50) – 80 %, with combined exposure – 78 %. A comparative study of mice of the DBA/2 and BALB/c lines showed the possibility of using mice of both lines to study the combined effect of influenza A/H1N1 virus and experimental diabetes, taking into account the dose of infection. Infection of BALB/c mice caused the formation of morphological changes only in the exocrine part of the pancreas. In mice of both lines, after the administration of streptozotocin, persistent hyperglycemia was formed, and pathomorphological changes in the pancreas were recorded mainly in the endocrine part. Similar changes in the pancreas, but more severe, involving the exocrine zone, were found during subsequent infection: in mice of the DBA/2 line in the form of a focal disorder of the acinar structure with degeneration of acinocytes and a compensatory regenerative reaction of cells in intact areas; in mice of the BALB/c line in the form of more significant damage to the ductal system than in DBA/2 with the formation of powerful periductal fibrosis and mononuclear infiltrates. Conclusions. A comparative study showed that DBA/2 mice had more pronounced changes in both the exocrine and endocrine apparatus of the pancreas when infected with influenza A/H1N1-California virus and experimental diabetes mellitus.
在共病条件的研究中，特别关注病毒性疾病，特别是由甲型H1N1亚型大流行性流感病毒引起的疾病，它是最具致病性和传染性的疾病之一。研究这种病毒在糖尿病发展中的作用将有可能更有效地进行临床前研究，以在已有的身体病理学背景下找到治疗病毒感染的最有效方法。本研究的目的是评估暴露于甲型H1N1流感加利福尼亚病毒对DBA/2和BALB/c小鼠发展链脲佐菌素糖尿病的胰腺毒性作用。材料和方法。形成小鼠DBA/2（n=36）和BALB/c（n=58）组：感染甲型H1N1流感加利福尼亚病毒（不同剂量）；引入剂量为150mg/kg的链脲佐菌素溶液；结合使用制剂。评估了预期寿命、血糖和胰岛素水平、胰腺的病理形态学变化。结果和讨论。仅在DBA/2系小鼠中观察到动物死亡：链脲佐菌素的引入占12.5%，病毒的鼻内感染（剂量为5.7 lg TCID50）占80%，联合暴露占78%。对DBA/2和BALB/c系小鼠的比较研究表明，考虑到感染剂量，可以使用这两个系的小鼠来研究甲型H1N1流感病毒和实验性糖尿病的联合作用。BALB/c小鼠的感染仅在胰腺外分泌部分引起形态学变化。在两个品系的小鼠中，链脲佐菌素给药后，形成持续的高血糖，胰腺的病理形态学变化主要记录在内分泌部分。在随后的感染过程中，胰腺也出现了类似的变化，但更严重，涉及外分泌区：在DBA/2系的小鼠中，表现为腺泡结构的局灶性紊乱，腺泡细胞变性，完整区域的细胞发生代偿性再生反应；在BALB/c系的小鼠中，表现为对导管系统的更显著的损伤形式。结论。一项比较研究表明，当感染甲型H1N1流感加利福尼亚病毒和实验性糖尿病时，DBA/2小鼠的胰腺外分泌和内分泌器官都发生了更明显的变化。
{"title":"Pancreatic toxicity of influenza A/H1N1-California virus infection in mice at the background of hyperglycemia induced by streptozotocin administration","authors":"O. P. Molodykh, N. Palchikova, V. Selyatitskaya, A. Glushchenko, O. Kurskaya","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230105","url":null,"abstract":"Particular attention in the study of comorbid conditions is paid to viral diseases, in particular, those caused by the pandemic influenza virus type A subtype H1N1, as one of the most pathogenic and contagious. Investigation of the effect of this virus in the development of diabetes mellitus will make it possible to more effectively carry out preclinical studies to find the most effective methods of treating a viral infection against the background of a pre-existing somatic pathology. Purpose of the study was to evaluate the pancreatic toxicity effect of exposure to influenza A/H1N1-California virus in the development of streptozotocin diabetes in DBA/2 and BALB/c mice. Material and methods. Groups of mice DBA/2 (n = 36) and BALB/c (n = 58) were formed: infected with influenza A/H1N1-California virus (at different doses); with the introduction of a solution of streptozotocin at a dose of 150 mg / kg; with the combined use of agents. Life expectancy, blood glucose and insulin level, pathomorphological changes in the pancreas were assessed. Results and discussion. The death of animals was observed only in mice of the DBA/2 line: with the introduction of streptozotocin – 12.5 %, with intranasal infection with the virus (at a dose of 5.7 lg TCID50) – 80 %, with combined exposure – 78 %. A comparative study of mice of the DBA/2 and BALB/c lines showed the possibility of using mice of both lines to study the combined effect of influenza A/H1N1 virus and experimental diabetes, taking into account the dose of infection. Infection of BALB/c mice caused the formation of morphological changes only in the exocrine part of the pancreas. In mice of both lines, after the administration of streptozotocin, persistent hyperglycemia was formed, and pathomorphological changes in the pancreas were recorded mainly in the endocrine part. Similar changes in the pancreas, but more severe, involving the exocrine zone, were found during subsequent infection: in mice of the DBA/2 line in the form of a focal disorder of the acinar structure with degeneration of acinocytes and a compensatory regenerative reaction of cells in intact areas; in mice of the BALB/c line in the form of more significant damage to the ductal system than in DBA/2 with the formation of powerful periductal fibrosis and mononuclear infiltrates. Conclusions. A comparative study showed that DBA/2 mice had more pronounced changes in both the exocrine and endocrine apparatus of the pancreas when infected with influenza A/H1N1-California virus and experimental diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44088321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. N. Kalinina, E. S. Kormshchikova, N. S. Vildanova, F. Sherstnev
Quality assurance of transfusion media is a fundamental principle of the functioning of all blood service institutions, allowing guaranteeing the safety of the recipient. An integral part of the procuring process of blood components is their laboratory testing, which results reliability and reproducibility can be proved by carrying out of validation of analytical methods. The aim of the study was to define the rules for planning and carrying out validation tests of methods for quality control of blood components, including verification of their compliance with established acceptance criteria. Material and methods. The analysis of the literature about the safety of blood components and the quality of laboratory tests was carried out with an assessment of the applied significance of the information proved. Results and discussion. As a result of the work done, a unified model for confirming of the accuracy of determining of the safety indicators of transfusion media was created, which contributes to improving of the quality of donor biomaterial and the effectiveness of therapy. Conclusions. The presented validation design is relevant for medical organizations working in the sphere of blood donation and its components.
{"title":"A unified design for validation of methods for quality control of blood components","authors":"E. N. Kalinina, E. S. Kormshchikova, N. S. Vildanova, F. Sherstnev","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230108","url":null,"abstract":"Quality assurance of transfusion media is a fundamental principle of the functioning of all blood service institutions, allowing guaranteeing the safety of the recipient. An integral part of the procuring process of blood components is their laboratory testing, which results reliability and reproducibility can be proved by carrying out of validation of analytical methods. The aim of the study was to define the rules for planning and carrying out validation tests of methods for quality control of blood components, including verification of their compliance with established acceptance criteria. Material and methods. The analysis of the literature about the safety of blood components and the quality of laboratory tests was carried out with an assessment of the applied significance of the information proved. Results and discussion. As a result of the work done, a unified model for confirming of the accuracy of determining of the safety indicators of transfusion media was created, which contributes to improving of the quality of donor biomaterial and the effectiveness of therapy. Conclusions. The presented validation design is relevant for medical organizations working in the sphere of blood donation and its components.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48236897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. S. Petrova, N. A. Zhukova, V. Evseenko, M. Khvostov, I. V. Meshkova, T. Tolstikova, A. Dushkin
Nimesulide (NIM) is a nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug which acts as a selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor and is widely used for acute pain treatment. In medical practice, a large amount of data has been collected describing the effect of NIM on the body, while a hepatotoxic side effect of the drug has been found. The exact mechanisms of such NIM-induced hepatotoxicity largely remain unknown but likely involve the intermediate reaction of its metabolism. Reduction of the hepatotoxic side effect of NIM is an actual problem for pharmacology. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the hepatotoxicity of the mechanochemically obtained composition of NIM with glycyrrhizic acid disodium salt (Na2GA) compared to pure NIM and a physical mixture of NIM with Na2GA. Material and methods. CD-1 mice were orally administered for 14 days: 1 group – mechanochemical composition NIM/Na2GA (1:10, m/m) at a dose of 1650 mg/kg; 2 group – physical mixture of NIM with Na2GA (1:10, m/m) at a dose of 1650 mg/kg; 3 group – pure NIM at a dose of 600 mg/kg (which pharmacokinetically corresponds to 1650 mg/kg of NIM/Na2GA); 4 group – vehicle (distilled water). The liver damage was assessed using histological studies and enzymatic activity of the alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in blood serum. Results. Histological analysis did not detect any changes in the liver of NIM/Na2GA-treated animals in comparison with a water-treated group. On the opposite, NIM given alone or as a physical mixture with Na2GA induced severe hepatotoxicity in experimental mice. Biochemical analysis of the blood serum revealed that mechanochemical NIM/Na2GA composition significantly reduced activity of the alanine aminotransferase (about 1.5 times) and aspartate aminotransferase (1.3 times) as compared with the pure NIM. Conclusions. The results obtained indicate a high potential for the practical application of the NIM/Na2GA mechanochemical composition.
{"title":"Reduction of hepatotoxicity of nimesulide in mechanochemically obtained composition with disodium salt of glycyrrhizic acid","authors":"E. S. Petrova, N. A. Zhukova, V. Evseenko, M. Khvostov, I. V. Meshkova, T. Tolstikova, A. Dushkin","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230107","url":null,"abstract":"Nimesulide (NIM) is a nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drug which acts as a selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor and is widely used for acute pain treatment. In medical practice, a large amount of data has been collected describing the effect of NIM on the body, while a hepatotoxic side effect of the drug has been found. The exact mechanisms of such NIM-induced hepatotoxicity largely remain unknown but likely involve the intermediate reaction of its metabolism. Reduction of the hepatotoxic side effect of NIM is an actual problem for pharmacology. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the hepatotoxicity of the mechanochemically obtained composition of NIM with glycyrrhizic acid disodium salt (Na2GA) compared to pure NIM and a physical mixture of NIM with Na2GA. Material and methods. CD-1 mice were orally administered for 14 days: 1 group – mechanochemical composition NIM/Na2GA (1:10, m/m) at a dose of 1650 mg/kg; 2 group – physical mixture of NIM with Na2GA (1:10, m/m) at a dose of 1650 mg/kg; 3 group – pure NIM at a dose of 600 mg/kg (which pharmacokinetically corresponds to 1650 mg/kg of NIM/Na2GA); 4 group – vehicle (distilled water). The liver damage was assessed using histological studies and enzymatic activity of the alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in blood serum. Results. Histological analysis did not detect any changes in the liver of NIM/Na2GA-treated animals in comparison with a water-treated group. On the opposite, NIM given alone or as a physical mixture with Na2GA induced severe hepatotoxicity in experimental mice. Biochemical analysis of the blood serum revealed that mechanochemical NIM/Na2GA composition significantly reduced activity of the alanine aminotransferase (about 1.5 times) and aspartate aminotransferase (1.3 times) as compared with the pure NIM. Conclusions. The results obtained indicate a high potential for the practical application of the NIM/Na2GA mechanochemical composition.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47330133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Zabanova, A. Fursova, N. A. Bondarenko, N. Bgatova, A. Zateev, P. G. Madonov
Knowledge in interrelations between gross anatomy of the left atrial appendage (LAA) and thickness of the walls of LAA and periauricular area enables decreasing operational risks in LAA ostium occluding and «Cox-Maze» surgery for atrial fibrillation. The aim of the study was to identify significant interrelations between the macroscopic characteristics of the LAA (size, shape, number of lobes) and the parameters of the wall thickness of the LAA and its isthmus. Material and methods. The study includes 50 heart specimens of patients died from non-cardiac diseases. We examined 60 anatomical sections from 30 hearts by means Olympus SZX2-ZB10 microscope, and histological slices from 20 hearts. Results. The layers of the LAA wall were thinner than those in the isthmus. The thickness of LAA walls did not show direct correlation with the external dimensions of LAA. We found inverse correlation (Rs = – 0.4, p < 0,05) between the thickness of the myocardium, endocardium and some external sizes of LAA. The wall thickness of «chicken wing», «cauliflower» and «arrowhead» was the same. The wall of single-lobe LAA was thinner than that of two-lobed LAA (p = 0.036). The LAA isthmus wall was thinner (p = 0.03) in hearts with «cauliflower» LAA compared to hearts with LAA resembled a «chicken wing». Differences in wall thickness in LAA of various shapes were due to the degree of subepicardial fatty tissue development. Intracardiac operations should be done with the utmost care in patients with «cauliflower» LAA and single-lobe LAA to avoid damage of the LAA and periauricular area. Conclusions. The research found clinically significant interrelations between the LAA wall thickness and the number of its lobes as well as between the LAA isthmus wall thickness and LAA shape variants.
{"title":"Does the wall thickness of the left atrial appendage and its isthmus depend on their macroscopic characteristics?","authors":"V. Zabanova, A. Fursova, N. A. Bondarenko, N. Bgatova, A. Zateev, P. G. Madonov","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230106","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge in interrelations between gross anatomy of the left atrial appendage (LAA) and thickness of the walls of LAA and periauricular area enables decreasing operational risks in LAA ostium occluding and «Cox-Maze» surgery for atrial fibrillation. The aim of the study was to identify significant interrelations between the macroscopic characteristics of the LAA (size, shape, number of lobes) and the parameters of the wall thickness of the LAA and its isthmus. Material and methods. The study includes 50 heart specimens of patients died from non-cardiac diseases. We examined 60 anatomical sections from 30 hearts by means Olympus SZX2-ZB10 microscope, and histological slices from 20 hearts. Results. The layers of the LAA wall were thinner than those in the isthmus. The thickness of LAA walls did not show direct correlation with the external dimensions of LAA. We found inverse correlation (Rs = – 0.4, p < 0,05) between the thickness of the myocardium, endocardium and some external sizes of LAA. The wall thickness of «chicken wing», «cauliflower» and «arrowhead» was the same. The wall of single-lobe LAA was thinner than that of two-lobed LAA (p = 0.036). The LAA isthmus wall was thinner (p = 0.03) in hearts with «cauliflower» LAA compared to hearts with LAA resembled a «chicken wing». Differences in wall thickness in LAA of various shapes were due to the degree of subepicardial fatty tissue development. Intracardiac operations should be done with the utmost care in patients with «cauliflower» LAA and single-lobe LAA to avoid damage of the LAA and periauricular area. Conclusions. The research found clinically significant interrelations between the LAA wall thickness and the number of its lobes as well as between the LAA isthmus wall thickness and LAA shape variants.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44325291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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