The pandemic of a new corona virus infection (NCVI) has worsened the already unfavorable demographic situation in the Russian Federation. Aim of the study was to assess the changes in the demographic situation in the country and the Siberian Federal District and the causes contributing to them. Material and methods . Statistical data of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Rosstat, regional ministries of health of subjects belonging to the Siberian Federal District, and literature on the problems of demography were used. The following methods were used: analytical, historical, statistical, including statistical observation, summary and grouping of materials, absolute and relative statistical values, sampling. Results and discussion. The pandemic period of the new coronavirus infection in RF and SFD is characterized by a substantial increase in the mortality rate, which became the maximum in the newest history of Russia, i.e. since 1991. The structure of the main causes of death has changed. Diseases of the circulatory system, neoplasms, diseases of the digestive organs and external causes, accounted for 76.6 % of all causes in 2019, in 2021 they accounted for only 60.1 %, with NCVI taking second place among causes of death (19.1 %). The birth rate remains at a low level, and in 2021 was 9.6 per 1000 population, which is 16.5 % lower than in 2017, due to which the natural decline in population has significantly increased (to –6.3 in Russia and to –7.0 per 1000 population in SFD) and the average life expectancy has decreased. Conclusions. All of the foregoing points to the ineffectiveness of measures to prevent and forestall the adverse effects of the pandemic, which is practically inevitable in the case of new, poorly studied infectious diseases. The measures taken to organize medical care to the population in the conditions of the pandemic have not been adequate. This is evidenced by the higher rates of total mortality of the population, compared to the probable ones (caused by the increase in mortality from NCVI), a significant increase in natural population decline and a reduction in life expectancy.
{"title":"Features of natural population movement in the Siberian Federal District during the coronavirus pandemic","authors":"M. I. Voevoda, V. M. Chernyshev, I. F. Mingazov","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230521","url":null,"abstract":"The pandemic of a new corona virus infection (NCVI) has worsened the already unfavorable demographic situation in the Russian Federation. Aim of the study was to assess the changes in the demographic situation in the country and the Siberian Federal District and the causes contributing to them. Material and methods . Statistical data of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Rosstat, regional ministries of health of subjects belonging to the Siberian Federal District, and literature on the problems of demography were used. The following methods were used: analytical, historical, statistical, including statistical observation, summary and grouping of materials, absolute and relative statistical values, sampling. Results and discussion. The pandemic period of the new coronavirus infection in RF and SFD is characterized by a substantial increase in the mortality rate, which became the maximum in the newest history of Russia, i.e. since 1991. The structure of the main causes of death has changed. Diseases of the circulatory system, neoplasms, diseases of the digestive organs and external causes, accounted for 76.6 % of all causes in 2019, in 2021 they accounted for only 60.1 %, with NCVI taking second place among causes of death (19.1 %). The birth rate remains at a low level, and in 2021 was 9.6 per 1000 population, which is 16.5 % lower than in 2017, due to which the natural decline in population has significantly increased (to –6.3 in Russia and to –7.0 per 1000 population in SFD) and the average life expectancy has decreased. Conclusions. All of the foregoing points to the ineffectiveness of measures to prevent and forestall the adverse effects of the pandemic, which is practically inevitable in the case of new, poorly studied infectious diseases. The measures taken to organize medical care to the population in the conditions of the pandemic have not been adequate. This is evidenced by the higher rates of total mortality of the population, compared to the probable ones (caused by the increase in mortality from NCVI), a significant increase in natural population decline and a reduction in life expectancy.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136311419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sensory motor activity is a typical form of purposeful human functioning that plays a significant role in the work of power structures. Its research is widespread in all spheres of military medicine. The aim of the study is to systematize the components and principles of organization of structural and functional elements of the central nervous system providing sensorimotor reactions based on the literature data. We obtained results on the combination of the somatotopic arrangement and the hierarchical principle of organization of sensorimotor circuits, according to which three levels are distinguished - medullary, subcortical and cortical. Sensory signals are converted into explicit motor signals as early as possible, and are subsequently subjected to modulating influences from memory, attention, and other neurophysiological processes at each of the above levels. Thus, sensory and motor information processing should not be regarded as the result of isolated neural circuits, but as extensive and closely interconnected networks covering the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures, in unity with other neurophysiological phenomena, such as memory and attention. The neuromorphological basis for the organization of sensorimotor reactions should be considered when developing a set of measures for professional selection, training, pharmacological correction of combat conditions and treatment of posttraumatic syndrome in employees of power structures.
{"title":"Neuromorphological bases of sensorimotor reactions","authors":"V. V. Сhrishtop, V. G. Nikonorova","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230506","url":null,"abstract":"Sensory motor activity is a typical form of purposeful human functioning that plays a significant role in the work of power structures. Its research is widespread in all spheres of military medicine. The aim of the study is to systematize the components and principles of organization of structural and functional elements of the central nervous system providing sensorimotor reactions based on the literature data. We obtained results on the combination of the somatotopic arrangement and the hierarchical principle of organization of sensorimotor circuits, according to which three levels are distinguished - medullary, subcortical and cortical. Sensory signals are converted into explicit motor signals as early as possible, and are subsequently subjected to modulating influences from memory, attention, and other neurophysiological processes at each of the above levels. Thus, sensory and motor information processing should not be regarded as the result of isolated neural circuits, but as extensive and closely interconnected networks covering the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures, in unity with other neurophysiological phenomena, such as memory and attention. The neuromorphological basis for the organization of sensorimotor reactions should be considered when developing a set of measures for professional selection, training, pharmacological correction of combat conditions and treatment of posttraumatic syndrome in employees of power structures.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136312220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ya. Ilkanich, V. V. Darwin, E. A. Krasnov, F. Sh. Aliyev, K. Z. Zubailov
A fistula of the anus is a chronic inflammatory process in the pararectal cell, intersphincter space and anal crypt with the presence of a formed fistula passage, where the affected anal crypt is the internal opening of the fistula. The urgency of surgical treatment of rectal fistulas is due to unsatisfactory results because of frequent anal incontinence and relapses of the disease. In this regard, most authors emphasize that the treatment of anal fistulas, as before, remains an urgent problem of colorectal surgery, and the search for new methods is a priority task of colorectal surgery. Literature analysis performed using the Elsevier, PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU, CyberLeninka, Google Scholar databases showed that the currently used technologies and methods of surgical treatment of anal fistulas do not allow us to determine their “gold standard”. In this regard, further analysis of the effectiveness and safety of their use, an assessment of the complications of surgical intervention and the frequency of relapses of the disease is necessary.
{"title":"Surgical treatment of anal fistula","authors":"A. Ya. Ilkanich, V. V. Darwin, E. A. Krasnov, F. Sh. Aliyev, K. Z. Zubailov","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230507","url":null,"abstract":"A fistula of the anus is a chronic inflammatory process in the pararectal cell, intersphincter space and anal crypt with the presence of a formed fistula passage, where the affected anal crypt is the internal opening of the fistula. The urgency of surgical treatment of rectal fistulas is due to unsatisfactory results because of frequent anal incontinence and relapses of the disease. In this regard, most authors emphasize that the treatment of anal fistulas, as before, remains an urgent problem of colorectal surgery, and the search for new methods is a priority task of colorectal surgery. Literature analysis performed using the Elsevier, PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU, CyberLeninka, Google Scholar databases showed that the currently used technologies and methods of surgical treatment of anal fistulas do not allow us to determine their “gold standard”. In this regard, further analysis of the effectiveness and safety of their use, an assessment of the complications of surgical intervention and the frequency of relapses of the disease is necessary.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":"23 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136312557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cardiovascular disease is widespread at the present time, causing the disability of the population. The main risk factors are hyperlipoproteinemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, etc. Blood-red hawthorn Crataegus sanguinea, a species of the genus Hawthorn (Crataegus) of the Rose family (Rosaceae) is a universal remedy for the prevention of diseases of the cardiovascular system. Hawthorn medications have antihypertensive, cardioprotective, cardiotonic, antiarrhythmic, mild diuretic, antispasmodic and sedative effects. At the same time, biologically active substances of hawthorn are non-toxic and do not have pronounced side effects with prolonged use. In this regard, it is important to study the mechanisms of pharmacological action of drugs based on this plant in order to prolong and improve the quality of life of the population.
{"title":"A systematic review of the pharmacological effects of the active ingredients of blood-red hawthorn in cardiovascular diseases","authors":"O. Sh. Atabaeva","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230505","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular disease is widespread at the present time, causing the disability of the population. The main risk factors are hyperlipoproteinemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, etc. Blood-red hawthorn Crataegus sanguinea, a species of the genus Hawthorn (Crataegus) of the Rose family (Rosaceae) is a universal remedy for the prevention of diseases of the cardiovascular system. Hawthorn medications have antihypertensive, cardioprotective, cardiotonic, antiarrhythmic, mild diuretic, antispasmodic and sedative effects. At the same time, biologically active substances of hawthorn are non-toxic and do not have pronounced side effects with prolonged use. In this regard, it is important to study the mechanisms of pharmacological action of drugs based on this plant in order to prolong and improve the quality of life of the population.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":"10 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136312370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article is a literature review concerning certain aspects of the history of Russian dentistry. In this regard, minimally invasive methods are discussed, including air-abrasive, laser, sonic and ultrasonic preparation, as well as atraumatic restorative treatment without mechanical preparation. Indications for minimally invasive methods, assessment of caries activity and prognosis, causes and mechanisms of the accelerated restoration cycle are discussed. The need to preserve dental tissues has been undervalued in the past. Non-selective preparation to hard dentin is currently considered hypertherapy. The concept of minimally invasive dentistry is also applied in endodontics and periodontology. In patients with gingival recession, it is important to protect atrophic tissues from further damage. After a tooth extraction, excessive socket curettage should be avoided. The research in dentistry should be protected from conflicts of interest. Patients should be objectively informed about treatment options, given recommendations based on clinical indications, wishes and possibilities. It is also necessary to develop economic measures in order to reorient private dental clinics to receive patients with compulsory medical insurance and the use of minimally invasive methods.
{"title":"Minimally invasive dentistry: history, theory and perspectives","authors":"S. V. Jargin","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230502","url":null,"abstract":"The article is a literature review concerning certain aspects of the history of Russian dentistry. In this regard, minimally invasive methods are discussed, including air-abrasive, laser, sonic and ultrasonic preparation, as well as atraumatic restorative treatment without mechanical preparation. Indications for minimally invasive methods, assessment of caries activity and prognosis, causes and mechanisms of the accelerated restoration cycle are discussed. The need to preserve dental tissues has been undervalued in the past. Non-selective preparation to hard dentin is currently considered hypertherapy. The concept of minimally invasive dentistry is also applied in endodontics and periodontology. In patients with gingival recession, it is important to protect atrophic tissues from further damage. After a tooth extraction, excessive socket curettage should be avoided. The research in dentistry should be protected from conflicts of interest. Patients should be objectively informed about treatment options, given recommendations based on clinical indications, wishes and possibilities. It is also necessary to develop economic measures in order to reorient private dental clinics to receive patients with compulsory medical insurance and the use of minimally invasive methods.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136311420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Myocardial infarction is a formidable manifestation of coronary artery disease and accounts for one third of deaths associated with coronary disease. In Russia, from 400 to 500 thousand patients with acute coronary syndrome are hospitalized annually, about half of them with myocardial infarction (MI). The dynamics of the number of hospitalized patients in recent years indicates its reduction. Short-term mortality (30-day, including hospital mortality) after acute MI has decreased significantly over the past 50 years: in absolute terms from 30 % in 1950 to 5–8 % at present. However, long-term mortality after MI did not improve. Moreover, in recent years, the rate of decline in 30-day mortality from MI has decreased significantly, almost reaching a “plateau” over the past 15 years. It has been established that in terms of the impact on survival, disability and quality of life of the working population, MI is an important not only medical but also social problem. This review of the literature discusses changes in approaches to reducing mortality in MI, as well as the main events in evidence-based cardiology over the past 50 years, which have made it possible to effectively manage the risk of death in this category of patients.
{"title":"Modern ways to reduced mortality of myocardial infarction. What should be done?","authors":"O. L. Barbarash, T. B. Pecherina","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230501","url":null,"abstract":"Myocardial infarction is a formidable manifestation of coronary artery disease and accounts for one third of deaths associated with coronary disease. In Russia, from 400 to 500 thousand patients with acute coronary syndrome are hospitalized annually, about half of them with myocardial infarction (MI). The dynamics of the number of hospitalized patients in recent years indicates its reduction. Short-term mortality (30-day, including hospital mortality) after acute MI has decreased significantly over the past 50 years: in absolute terms from 30 % in 1950 to 5–8 % at present. However, long-term mortality after MI did not improve. Moreover, in recent years, the rate of decline in 30-day mortality from MI has decreased significantly, almost reaching a “plateau” over the past 15 years. It has been established that in terms of the impact on survival, disability and quality of life of the working population, MI is an important not only medical but also social problem. This review of the literature discusses changes in approaches to reducing mortality in MI, as well as the main events in evidence-based cardiology over the past 50 years, which have made it possible to effectively manage the risk of death in this category of patients.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136311421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Yu. Nikolaev, I. A. Kosarev, N. F. Dadashova, Y. K. Lapitskay
The aim of the study was to evaluate associations between content of surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D and blood lipid parameters in men and women in Novosibirsk. Material and methods. In 2022, 174 people (87 men and 87 women), aged 45 to 69 years, randomly selected from the residents of Novosibirsk, were examined. Content of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG) in blood was determined by direct enzymatic method, concentration of surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D – by enzyme immunoassay. Results. It was found that in the general sample of examined individuals, the content of SP-A in the blood is directly related to the level of HDL cholesterol and negative with the concentration of TG and hypertriglyceridemia; in men it was positively correlated with the level of HDL cholesterol, and in women it was positively correlated with low levels of HDL cholesterol (hypoHDL cholesterol). According to the results of ROC and multivariate analyze, it was found that blood SP-A level of at least 1642 pg/ml has a diagnostic value in the detection of hypo HDL-C in women (sensitivity is 56.3 %, specificity is 81.7 %,) and increases the risk of having hypo HDL-С in the total sample of the examined persons and in the women by 3.4 and 7.4 times, respectively. Using multivariate analysis, the reverse effect of blood SP-A content on hypertriglyceridemia was determined in the total sample of men and women in Novosibirsk. No associations were found between SP-D concentration and the studied lipid characteristics of the blood. One of the possible mechanisms of the SP-A influence on lipid metabolism (level of HDL-C, TG, hypoHDL-C, hypertriglyceridemia) in men and women in Novosibirsk is its effect on cell membranes, inducing the redistribution of the CD36 scavenger receptor, as well as changes in expression of this receptor.
该研究的目的是评估表面活性剂蛋白SP-A和SP-D含量与新西伯利亚男性和女性血脂参数之间的关系。材料和方法。2022年，从新西伯利亚居民中随机抽取了174人(87男87女)，年龄在45岁到69岁之间。用直接酶法测定血中总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)含量，用酶免疫法测定表面活性剂蛋白SP-A和SP-D -的浓度。结果。结果发现，在一般被检查个体样本中，血液中SP-A的含量与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平直接相关，与TG和高甘油三酯血症的浓度呈负相关;在男性中，它与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平呈正相关，而在女性中，它与低水平的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇)呈正相关。根据ROC和多因素分析结果发现，血液SP-A水平在1642 pg/ml以上对女性低HDL- c的检测具有诊断价值(敏感性为56.3%，特异性为81.7%)，使被检者和女性总样本中发生低HDL- c -С的风险分别增加3.4倍和7.4倍。利用多变量分析，在新西伯利亚的男性和女性的总样本中确定血液SP-A含量对高甘油三酯血症的反向作用。未发现SP-D浓度与所研究的血液脂质特征之间存在关联。SP-A影响新西伯利亚男性和女性脂质代谢(HDL-C、TG、低HDL-C、高甘油三酯血症)的可能机制之一是其对细胞膜的影响，诱导CD36清道夫受体的重新分配，以及该受体表达的改变。
{"title":"Associations of surfactant protein SP-A and SP-D content with blood lipid parameters in men and women of Novosibirsk","authors":"K. Yu. Nikolaev, I. A. Kosarev, N. F. Dadashova, Y. K. Lapitskay","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230510","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to evaluate associations between content of surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D and blood lipid parameters in men and women in Novosibirsk. Material and methods. In 2022, 174 people (87 men and 87 women), aged 45 to 69 years, randomly selected from the residents of Novosibirsk, were examined. Content of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG) in blood was determined by direct enzymatic method, concentration of surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D – by enzyme immunoassay. Results. It was found that in the general sample of examined individuals, the content of SP-A in the blood is directly related to the level of HDL cholesterol and negative with the concentration of TG and hypertriglyceridemia; in men it was positively correlated with the level of HDL cholesterol, and in women it was positively correlated with low levels of HDL cholesterol (hypoHDL cholesterol). According to the results of ROC and multivariate analyze, it was found that blood SP-A level of at least 1642 pg/ml has a diagnostic value in the detection of hypo HDL-C in women (sensitivity is 56.3 %, specificity is 81.7 %,) and increases the risk of having hypo HDL-С in the total sample of the examined persons and in the women by 3.4 and 7.4 times, respectively. Using multivariate analysis, the reverse effect of blood SP-A content on hypertriglyceridemia was determined in the total sample of men and women in Novosibirsk. No associations were found between SP-D concentration and the studied lipid characteristics of the blood. One of the possible mechanisms of the SP-A influence on lipid metabolism (level of HDL-C, TG, hypoHDL-C, hypertriglyceridemia) in men and women in Novosibirsk is its effect on cell membranes, inducing the redistribution of the CD36 scavenger receptor, as well as changes in expression of this receptor.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":"47 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136312211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. MS increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). The neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is defined by complex protein-protein interactions, since nNOS, unlike other isoforms of NOS,contains a C-terminal PDZ domain, which allows it to conjugate with other proteins and, first of all, to interact with an adapter of neuronal, or type 1, nitric oxide synthase (NOS1AP), also denoted CAPON in our work. Changes in the interaction between nNOS and NOS1AP lead to metabolic disorders in brain, heart, liver and skeletal muscles, which plays a key role in the development of MS and T2DM. NOS1AP, interacting with the PDZ domain of nNOS, competes with the postsynaptic density protein (PSD95) and regulates the stability of subcellular localization of nNOS and enzyme expression during synapse formation. NOS1AP promotes nNOS binding to targets such as small GTPase (Dexras1), synapsines, regulating the formation of dendritic roots, mediates activation of the nNOS-p38MAP kinase pathway during excitotoxicity. It has been shown that single-nucleotide polymorphism of the NOS1AP gene and its overexpression in the myocardium leads to the manifestation of long QT syndrome, which is most clearly manifested in elderly patients with DM2. It was found that the genetic polymorphism of NOS1AP affects insulin secretion when using calcium blockers, and can promote the development of DM2. The functional role of NOS1AP in stabilizing the functions of skeletal muscle nNOS in the cytoskeletal complex associated with dystrophin/utrophin was discovered. The purpose of the review is to provide updated information on the role of NOS1AP and the nNOS/NOS1AP complex in the pathogenesis of MS and DM2. The potential molecular mechanisms of the interaction of NOS1AP with nNOS and with other proteins, which leads to change in nNOS activity, localization and content, are discussed.
{"title":"The role of the neural NO synthase adapter protein in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"L. A. Kuznetsova, N. E. Basova","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230504","url":null,"abstract":"The pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterized by obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. MS increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). The neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) is defined by complex protein-protein interactions, since nNOS, unlike other isoforms of NOS,contains a C-terminal PDZ domain, which allows it to conjugate with other proteins and, first of all, to interact with an adapter of neuronal, or type 1, nitric oxide synthase (NOS1AP), also denoted CAPON in our work. Changes in the interaction between nNOS and NOS1AP lead to metabolic disorders in brain, heart, liver and skeletal muscles, which plays a key role in the development of MS and T2DM. NOS1AP, interacting with the PDZ domain of nNOS, competes with the postsynaptic density protein (PSD95) and regulates the stability of subcellular localization of nNOS and enzyme expression during synapse formation. NOS1AP promotes nNOS binding to targets such as small GTPase (Dexras1), synapsines, regulating the formation of dendritic roots, mediates activation of the nNOS-p38MAP kinase pathway during excitotoxicity. It has been shown that single-nucleotide polymorphism of the NOS1AP gene and its overexpression in the myocardium leads to the manifestation of long QT syndrome, which is most clearly manifested in elderly patients with DM2. It was found that the genetic polymorphism of NOS1AP affects insulin secretion when using calcium blockers, and can promote the development of DM2. The functional role of NOS1AP in stabilizing the functions of skeletal muscle nNOS in the cytoskeletal complex associated with dystrophin/utrophin was discovered. The purpose of the review is to provide updated information on the role of NOS1AP and the nNOS/NOS1AP complex in the pathogenesis of MS and DM2. The potential molecular mechanisms of the interaction of NOS1AP with nNOS and with other proteins, which leads to change in nNOS activity, localization and content, are discussed.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":"44 06","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136312363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. N. Afanaskina, S. N. Derevtsova, T. N. Chekisheva, N. N. Medvedeva
Currently, in Russia and in the world, there is an increase in the proportion of overweight and obese people among the population, which contributes to an increase in the number of socially significant diseases. Obesity is associated with the predominance of the proportion of fat mass in the component composition of the body. Based on this, increased attention is paid to a comprehensive study of the functioning of all types of human adipose tissue, which is necessary for the further use of this knowledge in the fight against obesity. This article provides an overview of the literature data on the structure and properties of the PRDM16 gene, the features of its functioning in brown, white and beige adipose tissue. The influence of the PRDM16 gene on the activation of brown adipogenesis and the formation of beige adipocytes in white adipose tissue, which contribute to increased heat production of cells by means of non-contractile thermogenesis and improvement of metabolic parameters of the body, is considered. Data on the role of PRDM16 protein in the treatment of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and other human diseases associated with it are analyzed. The results on the methods of effective activation of brown and beige adipocytes and the use of these methods in the treatment of obesity are presented.
{"title":"Protein PRDM16 and its importance for adipose tissue (literature review)","authors":"L. N. Afanaskina, S. N. Derevtsova, T. N. Chekisheva, N. N. Medvedeva","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230503","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, in Russia and in the world, there is an increase in the proportion of overweight and obese people among the population, which contributes to an increase in the number of socially significant diseases. Obesity is associated with the predominance of the proportion of fat mass in the component composition of the body. Based on this, increased attention is paid to a comprehensive study of the functioning of all types of human adipose tissue, which is necessary for the further use of this knowledge in the fight against obesity. This article provides an overview of the literature data on the structure and properties of the PRDM16 gene, the features of its functioning in brown, white and beige adipose tissue. The influence of the PRDM16 gene on the activation of brown adipogenesis and the formation of beige adipocytes in white adipose tissue, which contribute to increased heat production of cells by means of non-contractile thermogenesis and improvement of metabolic parameters of the body, is considered. Data on the role of PRDM16 protein in the treatment of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and other human diseases associated with it are analyzed. The results on the methods of effective activation of brown and beige adipocytes and the use of these methods in the treatment of obesity are presented.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136312534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. E. Kalinin, I. A. Suchkov, A. V. Karpov, I. B. Ilyasov, I. N. Shanaev
A case report of a combination of an aneurysm of the anterior descending artery in the area of the departure of the diagonal branch and two coronary-ventricular fistulas has been described. The patient was stented earlier (in 2019 – the anterior descending artery and diagonal branch and in 2020 – the circumflex artery) for stable angina pectoris. However, in 2022, she was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of “ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction” and a coronary angiography revealed thrombosis of both the aneurysm cavity of the anterior descending artery and previously stented segments of the anterior descending artery. As an emergency, the patient underwent provisional stenting with final kissing balloon dilation, as a result of which the lumens of the anterior descending artery and the diagonal branch were completely restored, and the aneurysm cavity was not contrasted due to its embolization by thrombotic masses.
{"title":"Bifurcation stenting on the background of an aneurysm of the anterior descending artery","authors":"R. E. Kalinin, I. A. Suchkov, A. V. Karpov, I. B. Ilyasov, I. N. Shanaev","doi":"10.18699/ssmj20230520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230520","url":null,"abstract":"A case report of a combination of an aneurysm of the anterior descending artery in the area of the departure of the diagonal branch and two coronary-ventricular fistulas has been described. The patient was stented earlier (in 2019 – the anterior descending artery and diagonal branch and in 2020 – the circumflex artery) for stable angina pectoris. However, in 2022, she was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of “ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction” and a coronary angiography revealed thrombosis of both the aneurysm cavity of the anterior descending artery and previously stented segments of the anterior descending artery. As an emergency, the patient underwent provisional stenting with final kissing balloon dilation, as a result of which the lumens of the anterior descending artery and the diagonal branch were completely restored, and the aneurysm cavity was not contrasted due to its embolization by thrombotic masses.","PeriodicalId":33781,"journal":{"name":"Sibirskii nauchnyi meditsinskii zhurnal","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136312562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：