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A Secure Authentication Protocol with Performance Enhancements for 4G LTE/LTE-A Wireless Networks 具有性能增强的4G LTE/LTE-A无线网络安全认证协议
Pub Date : 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.1145/3475971.3475977
Vu Thi Hoang Ahn, M. Ma
Long Term Revolution (LTE) is the most common 4th generation cellular networks thanks to its high data transmission rate and wide coverage. However, LTE networks have many security vulnerabilities in terms of network architecture, access and handover procedure, media and machine type communications. This paper focuses on enhancing the performance and security functions of the access procedure in LTE/LTE-Advance wireless networks by a proposal, which can not only provide security functions to the LTE access procedure, but also improve the performance of the process. The protocol has been systematically verified by using the Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) tool to demonstrate its ability to prevent various types of malicious attacks. The security functions and performance of the proposed protocol have also been compared to some existing solutions to show its advantages.
长期革命(LTE)是最常见的第四代蜂窝网络,因为它具有高数据传输速率和广泛的覆盖范围。然而,LTE网络在网络架构、接入和切换程序、媒体和机器类型通信方面存在许多安全漏洞。本文主要通过一种方案来增强LTE/LTE- advance无线网络中接入过程的性能和安全功能,该方案不仅可以为LTE接入过程提供安全功能,还可以提高LTE接入过程的性能。该协议已通过使用互联网安全协议和应用程序自动验证(AVISPA)工具进行系统验证,以证明其防止各种类型恶意攻击的能力。并将该协议的安全功能和性能与现有的解决方案进行了比较,以显示其优势。
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引用次数: 3
PLS-SEM algorithm in Brand Equity Component 品牌资产成分中的PLS-SEM算法
Pub Date : 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.1145/3475971.3475979
N. Ngan, B. Khoi
The overall goal of this paper is to use Smartpls Software to investigate the effects of brand equity components on purchasing intentions by PLS-SEM. PLS-SEM algorithm in Smartpls 3.2.7 for analyzing statistics. The study was conducted in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The results showed that there is a noticeable positive relationship between brand equity components on consumer purchasing intentions, related to their willingness to continue buying the brand of conditioner they love. It found that Brand Awareness, Brand Association, Brand Loyal, and Brand Perceived Quality have a positive and statistically significant impact on Customer Purchase Intention. Brand loyalty and brand awareness have a positive and strong influence on Customer Purchase Intention while Brand Perceived Quality and Brand Association effects are weaker than the Customer Purchase Intention.
本文的总体目标是使用Smartpls软件通过PLS-SEM调查品牌资产成分对购买意愿的影响。Smartpls 3.2.7中的PLS-SEM算法,用于统计分析。这项研究是在越南胡志明市进行的。结果显示,品牌资产成分与消费者购买意愿之间存在显著的正相关关系,涉及他们继续购买他们喜欢的品牌护发素的意愿。研究发现,品牌意识、品牌联想、品牌忠诚和品牌感知质量对消费者购买意愿有显著的正向影响。品牌忠诚和品牌意识对顾客购买意愿有显著的正向影响,而品牌感知质量和品牌联想效应弱于顾客购买意愿。
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引用次数: 1
Proceedings of the 3rd International Electronics Communication Conference 第三届国际电子通信会议论文集
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引用次数: 0
A New Method of the Convolutional Neural Network Structure Improvement to Protect Data Based on the Obfuscation 一种基于模糊的卷积神经网络结构改进数据保护新方法
Pub Date : 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.1145/3475971.3475980
V. H. Pham, Thi Hong Van Le, Quang Huy Vu
This paper proposes a new method to improve the structure of convolutional neural networks to preserve training data based on obfuscation technique. The purpose of this approach is to protect data in a distributed environment when parties want to share datasets for training while ensuring data privacy. To solve this problem, we use a technique that obfuscates the input feature matrix in each region with the size of a pooling window randomly. Based on the properties of the max pooling function and the permutation of positions in each filter window, the resulting matrix has a constant result. The proposed method could be applied to all convolutional neural network models by editing the first convolutional layer. The input matrix shuffling is done randomly so it completely protects your privacy without changing the accuracy. The proposed method has been tested according to K-fold cross validation, achieving an average accuracy of 99.11% with an average error of deletion of 0.0882%.
本文提出了一种基于模糊技术改进卷积神经网络结构以保持训练数据的新方法。这种方法的目的是在各方希望共享用于培训的数据集时保护分布式环境中的数据,同时确保数据隐私。为了解决这个问题,我们使用了一种技术,随机混淆每个区域的输入特征矩阵与池化窗口的大小。基于最大池化函数的性质和每个过滤窗口中位置的排列,得到的矩阵具有恒定的结果。该方法通过对卷积第一层进行编辑,可以应用于所有卷积神经网络模型。输入矩阵洗牌是随机完成的,因此它完全保护您的隐私而不改变准确性。该方法经K-fold交叉验证,平均准确率为99.11%,平均缺失误差为0.0882%。
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引用次数: 0
An MTJ reading and writing control circuit applied in a 1-bit full adder 应用于1位全加法器的MTJ读写控制电路
Pub Date : 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.1145/3475971.3475976
Yuehong Gong, Min Luo, Chenxu Wang
To solve spin transfer torque magnetic random access memory ( STT-MRAM ) “writing” problem in practical application, an MTJ reading and writing control circuit for one bit full adder is proposed. In this circuit, logic gate circuit combined with control timing sequence are used to control "reading" and "writing" time of MTJ device in full adder. Applying the control circuit, full-adder can be switched between reading and writing mode, MTJ can be written in reliably, and the normal function of full adder will not be affected. Simulation results show that, under the control of the circuit, writing to MTJ can be achieved effectively while the function of full adder can be realized. Compared with traditional device, applying MTJ can greatly reduce system power consumption without writing.
为解决自旋传递转矩磁随机存储器(STT-MRAM)在实际应用中的“写入”问题,提出了一种位满加法器的MTJ读写控制电路。该电路采用逻辑门电路结合控制时序来控制全加法器中MTJ器件的“读”和“写”时间。应用该控制电路,可以实现全加法器的读写切换,可靠地写入MTJ,不影响全加法器的正常工作。仿真结果表明,在该电路的控制下,可以有效地实现对MTJ的写入,同时可以实现全加法器的功能。与传统器件相比,采用MTJ可以在不写入的情况下大大降低系统功耗。
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引用次数: 0
Method Based On Improved FastICA-LSM For Harmonic Detection In Power System 基于改进FastICA-LSM的电力系统谐波检测方法
Pub Date : 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.1145/3475971.3475973
Lei Li, Wenzhuo Huang, Yinghui Zhao
With the continuous improvement of people's demand for electricity, the topological structure of power grid is becoming more and more complex and the load is becoming more and more diverse. The power quality problem has attracted much attention, among which harmonic analysis is an important research basis. This paper proposes a harmonic detection method based on an improved fast independent component analysis (FastICA)-least squares method (LSM).This method is on the basis of the traditional FastICA. In order to solve the sensitivity of the algorithm to the initial value, the initial value is redefined when calculating the de-mixing matrix. And LSM to analyze the amplitude and phase of the separated signal. At the same time, with the view of reducing the number of iterations of harmonic detection, the traditional second-order convergence Newton's iteration is improved to extract the harmonic and fundamental signals in the mixed signal in the form of fifth-order convergence. Finally, the paper validates the method using analog signals and real signals. The results show that this method has fast detection speed and high accuracy, and is superior to other methods reported in the literature.
随着人们对电力需求的不断提高,电网的拓扑结构越来越复杂,负荷也越来越多样化。电能质量问题一直备受关注,其中谐波分析是一个重要的研究基础。提出一种基于改进的快速独立分量分析(FastICA)-最小二乘法(LSM)的谐波检测方法。这种方法是在传统的FastICA的基础上发展起来的。为了解决算法对初始值的敏感性,在计算解混矩阵时重新定义初始值。并利用LSM分析分离信号的幅值和相位。同时,从减少谐波检测迭代次数的角度出发,对传统的二阶收敛牛顿迭代进行改进,以五阶收敛的形式提取混合信号中的谐波和基波信号。最后,用模拟信号和实际信号对该方法进行了验证。结果表明,该方法检测速度快,准确率高,优于文献报道的其他方法。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of Brand Image on Client Loyalty: Mediating Impact of Client Satisfaction at Footwear Stores 品牌形象对顾客忠诚的影响:鞋店顾客满意的中介作用
Pub Date : 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.1145/3475971.3475982
D. T. Cuong
A brand image was a valuable intangible asset that was hard to imitate and could sustain financial performance. This research analyzes brand image's effect on client loyalty: Mediating impact of client satisfaction at footwear stores. The research model was suggested from previous studies, and 266 purchasers who bought at footwear stores in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam was examined. The partial least squares (PLS) technique was utilized to estimate the measurement and structural models. The PLS technique was a widely accepted variance-based structural equation modeling (SEM) approach in social science and business. The findings of the analysis display that brand image associates positively with client satisfaction. Besides, the outcomes also prove that brand image relates positively to customer loyalty. Furthermore, the research findings support that customer satisfaction is a mediator variable in liking brand image and customer loyalty. Based on these findings, we suggest some implications for managerial and further research.
品牌形象是一种宝贵的无形资产,难以模仿,并能维持财务业绩。本研究分析品牌形象对顾客忠诚的影响:鞋店顾客满意度的中介作用。研究模型是根据以往的研究提出的,并对越南胡志明市鞋店的266名购买者进行了调查。利用偏最小二乘(PLS)技术对测量模型和结构模型进行估计。PLS技术是社会科学和商业领域广泛采用的基于方差的结构方程建模方法。分析结果显示,品牌形象与顾客满意度呈正相关。此外,结果也证明品牌形象与顾客忠诚度呈正相关。此外,研究结果支持顾客满意是喜欢品牌形象与顾客忠诚的中介变量。基于这些发现,我们提出了一些管理和进一步研究的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Time-Interleaved ADC Gain Mismatch Calibration in High-Speed OFDM Systems 高速OFDM系统中时间交错ADC增益失配校正
Pub Date : 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.1145/3475971.3475972
V. Huynh, M. Linh, Minh N. T. Nguyen, H. Ta, Duc Trung Nguyen
Rapid growth in high-speed communication technologies nowadays has led to the latest development and implementation of 5G and beyond globally thanks to the use of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technique. However, such high-speed OFDM-based systems cannot function properly without massive tuning in several parts such as the use of time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter (TI-ADC) at the receivers in order to match with extremely high sampling rates while keeping affordable costs. A TI-ADC, in turn, poses many risks of deficiency to its processed data when not calibrated appropriately, mostly due to mismatches between sub-ADCs in a TI-ADC such as offset, gain and timing mismatches, which can significantly degrade an overall system performance. In this paper, we focus on gain mismatch. We propose a simple and efficient method to calibrate the gain mismatch based on the least-square (LS) algorithm assuming an AWGN channel. The simulation results show that our method is capable of significantly improving the bit error rate (BER) performance of OFDM systems.
由于使用正交频分复用(OFDM)技术,如今高速通信技术的快速增长导致了5G及其他技术的最新发展和实施。然而,这种基于ofdm的高速系统如果没有在接收器上使用时间交错模数转换器(TI-ADC)等几个部分进行大规模调谐,就无法正常运行,以匹配极高的采样率,同时保持可承受的成本。反过来,如果没有适当校准,TI-ADC会对其处理的数据造成许多不足的风险,主要是由于TI-ADC中的子adc之间的不匹配,例如偏移、增益和时序不匹配,这可能会显著降低整体系统性能。本文主要研究增益失配问题。提出了一种基于最小二乘(LS)算法的简单有效的校正增益失配的方法。仿真结果表明,该方法能够显著提高OFDM系统的误码率性能。
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引用次数: 0
On the Forecast of Thai Industry Value Added 论泰国工业增加值的预测
Pub Date : 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.1145/3475971.3475983
N. Rojniruttikul, Adirek Vajrapatkul
Industry value added is a crucial factor that keep the manufacturers to survive in the high business competitive environment. Also it encourage the economic growth by offering the opportunity to generate high income from international trade. Thus achieving in creating high level of value added become the point of interest for both manufacturers and governments. Hence, to investigate what determine such value added. This work is designed to present the effects of some business and economic variables, namely gross domestic product, consumer price index, domestic credit to the private sector, and gross capital formation on industry value added in the context of Thailand by utilizing the Bayesian vector autoregression (BVAR) model with the 58 periods of annual modified data running from 1960 to 2019. This model shows the interactions between these five variables and the forecast of industry value-added. The results from this work revealed that there exist the Granger Causality and reactions between domestic credit to private, domestic capital formulation, domestic general price level, growth of the gross domestic product, and industry value-added. Thus, we recommend that government authorities should 1) encourage more credit to manufacturers, 2) invest more in industrial-facilitate infrastructure and support more on private investment in capital formulation, 3) induce more country income, and 4) control the general price level within the country.
产业增加值是企业在激烈的商业竞争环境中生存的关键因素。它还通过提供从国际贸易中获得高收入的机会来鼓励经济增长。因此,实现创造高水平的附加值成为制造商和政府的兴趣点。因此,要研究是什么决定了这种附加值。本工作旨在利用贝叶斯向量自回归(BVAR)模型,利用1960年至2019年的58个年度修正数据,展示泰国背景下一些商业和经济变量(即国内生产总值、消费者价格指数、私营部门国内信贷和资本形成总额)对工业增加值的影响。该模型显示了这五个变量与产业增加值预测之间的相互作用。研究结果表明,国内私人信贷、国内资本形成、国内总价格水平、国内生产总值增长和产业增加值之间存在格兰杰因果关系和相互作用。因此,我们建议政府当局应1)鼓励向制造商提供更多信贷,2)加大对工业便利基础设施的投资,并更多地支持资本形成中的私人投资,3)增加国家收入,4)控制国内的一般价格水平。
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引用次数: 0
An Overlapping and Leading Edge Detection Combined Technique for Distance Estimation under High-Background Lights in a Pulsed-LiDAR System 脉冲激光雷达系统高背景光下距离估计的重叠与前沿检测结合技术
Pub Date : 2021-07-08 DOI: 10.1145/3475971.3475974
T. Nguyen, Ching-Hwa Cheng, Don-Gey Liu, Song-Toan Tran, Minh-Hai Le
In this paper, we implemented a direct Time of Flight (ToF) method to calculate the distance of a pulsed-LiDAR in high background lights on a Red Pitaya platform. In this proposed system, we utilized the Red Pitaya Kit to simulate the generation of LiDAR pulses. Another Kit used to capture, process data, and estimate the distance. Signals are acquired, including high-intensity background noise because LiDARs are requested to work in worse environments like sunlight, electric light, fog, etc. To overcome this problem, we proposed an Overlapping-edge (OE) technique to be combined with the Leading-edge (LE) method to detect pulses in noisy environments. Moreover, the sampling rate of the ADC in this platform was limited to 125Msps. Therefore, we performed an interpolation algorithm, namely Center of Mass (CoM), to increase the accuracy of the estimated distance. The experiment was performed on simulated signals with a signal-to-noise ratio of -8.5dB. The obtained result showed that the average success rate of measurements increased 7.56% compared with the Leading-edge method and the average accuracy reached nearly 7.1cm. In conclusion, we have built a high noise Pulse-LiDAR source and calculate distance on a Red Pitaya platform with a low cost and highly stable accuracy. The performance of a LiDAR system was also evaluated in this study.
在本文中,我们实现了一种直接飞行时间(ToF)方法来计算高背景光下红火果平台上脉冲激光雷达的距离。在这个系统中,我们利用红火龙果工具包来模拟激光雷达脉冲的产生。另一个用于捕获、处理数据和估计距离的工具包。由于激光雷达被要求在恶劣的环境下工作,如阳光、电灯、雾等,因此需要获取包括高强度背景噪声在内的信号。为了克服这一问题,我们提出了一种将重叠边缘(OE)技术与前缘(LE)方法相结合的方法来检测噪声环境中的脉冲。此外,该平台中ADC的采样率被限制在125Msps。因此,为了提高估计距离的精度,我们采用了一种插值算法,即质心(CoM)。实验在信噪比为-8.5dB的模拟信号上进行。结果表明,与前沿法相比,平均测量成功率提高了7.56%,平均精度接近7.1cm。综上所述,我们在红火龙果平台上构建了高噪声脉冲激光雷达源并计算了距离,成本低,精度高稳定。本研究还对激光雷达系统的性能进行了评估。
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings of the 3rd International Electronics Communication Conference
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