{"title":"Effect of Hy ect of Hydroalcoholic Extr oalcoholic Extract of T act of Teucrium polium on the eucrium polium on the Process of Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats","authors":"Mohsin Salih, A. Abdullah, S. Aziz","doi":"10.24271/psr.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73822518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ecological integrity and their properties of any aquatic environment are important to monitor its stability and any change to the ecological system. The current work was undertaken to study the community of aquatic insects and physio-chemical variables of the Shekh Turab stream in periods extended for two months, one in July and the other in November 2017. The aquatic insects’ samples collected from five sites with three replications/site. The physio-chemical parameters of water were water temperature, air temperature (˚C), pH, electrical conductivity EC (μS.cm-1), total dissolved solid TDS (mg.l-1), dissolved oxygen DO (mg.l-1), BOD5 (mg.l-1), alkalinity (mg CaCO3.l-1), bicarbonate HCO3 (mg.l-1), total hardness (mgCaCO3.l-1), calcium (mg Ca2+.l-1), magnesium (mg Mg2+.l-1), nitrate (mg NO3-N.l-1), chloride (mg.l-1), sodium (mg.l-1), potassium(mg.l-1) and sulfate (mg SO4.l-1). The correlation between physio-chemical parameters and different biological taxa were statistically tested. The correlation analysis showed significant relationship. In phylum Arthropoda, a total of 5 insect species belonging to 2 orders; Ephemeroptera and Diptera depicted the Shesk Turab stream macroinvertebrates. Depending on Shannon-Weiner index, species diversity varied from 0.365 to 0.755 at site 4 and 2 respectively.
{"title":"Biodiversity of aquatic insects in relation to physico-chemical parameters of Shekh Turab stream","authors":"F. Jarjees, N. S. Hanna, J. Toma","doi":"10.24271/psr.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.04","url":null,"abstract":"Ecological integrity and their properties of any aquatic environment are important to monitor its stability and any change to the ecological system. The current work was undertaken to study the community of aquatic insects and physio-chemical variables of the Shekh Turab stream in periods extended for two months, one in July and the other in November 2017. The aquatic insects’ samples collected from five sites with three replications/site. The physio-chemical parameters of water were water temperature, air temperature (˚C), pH, electrical conductivity EC (μS.cm-1), total dissolved solid TDS (mg.l-1), dissolved oxygen DO (mg.l-1), BOD5 (mg.l-1), alkalinity (mg CaCO3.l-1), bicarbonate HCO3 (mg.l-1), total hardness (mgCaCO3.l-1), calcium (mg Ca2+.l-1), magnesium (mg Mg2+.l-1), nitrate (mg NO3-N.l-1), chloride (mg.l-1), sodium (mg.l-1), potassium(mg.l-1) and sulfate (mg SO4.l-1). The correlation between physio-chemical parameters and different biological taxa were statistically tested. The correlation analysis showed significant relationship. In phylum Arthropoda, a total of 5 insect species belonging to 2 orders; Ephemeroptera and Diptera depicted the Shesk Turab stream macroinvertebrates. Depending on Shannon-Weiner index, species diversity varied from 0.365 to 0.755 at site 4 and 2 respectively.","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43731855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Threats of Acinetobacter baumannii, a Gram-negative and multi-drug resistant bacterium,to the public health have recently received great attention worldwide. This is because the high incidence rate of the bacterial infections and the ability of the A. baumannii to resist a wide range of antibiotics. This study is designed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of the cinnamon oil in water as Nano emulsions (NEs) alone and in combination with different antibiotics against clinical isolate of A. baumannii. At the beginning, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of different antibiotics and also cinnamon Nano emulsions (CNEs) are determined. Later, the synergistic effect of the CNEs with each of the studied antibiotics is also examined. Results showed that the bacterium has the highest resistant towards ampicillin (MIC = 700 µg/ml), followed by kanamycin, and gentamycin with MIC of each of the antibiotics was 200µg/ml and 150 µg/ml, respectively. Cinnamon Nano emulsions (CNEs) were also showed a profound inhibitory effect on A. baummanii. Interestingly, combinations of cinnamon Nano emulsions (CNEs) with either kanamycin or gentamycin, but not ampicillin, show a significant increase in the antimicrobial activity of each of the antibiotics compared to when they were used alone. The results of this study strongly suggest the potential application of CNEs in combination with antibiotics to overcome A. baummanii infections.
{"title":"Antimicrobial Activity of Combined Cinnamon Nanoemulsions-Antibiotics against Acinetobacter baumannii","authors":"D. Sabir, Karzan R. Sidiq","doi":"10.24271/PSR.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/PSR.03","url":null,"abstract":"Threats of Acinetobacter baumannii, a Gram-negative and multi-drug resistant bacterium,to the public health have recently received great attention worldwide. This is because the high incidence rate of the bacterial infections and the ability of the A. baumannii to resist a wide range of antibiotics. This study is designed to investigate the antimicrobial activity of the cinnamon oil in water as Nano emulsions (NEs) alone and in combination with different antibiotics against clinical isolate of A. baumannii. At the beginning, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of different antibiotics and also cinnamon Nano emulsions (CNEs) are determined. Later, the synergistic effect of the CNEs with each of the studied antibiotics is also examined. Results showed that the bacterium has the highest resistant towards ampicillin (MIC = 700 µg/ml), followed by kanamycin, and gentamycin with MIC of each of the antibiotics was 200µg/ml and 150 µg/ml, respectively. Cinnamon Nano emulsions (CNEs) were also showed a profound inhibitory effect on A. baummanii. Interestingly, combinations of cinnamon Nano emulsions (CNEs) with either kanamycin or gentamycin, but not ampicillin, show a significant increase in the antimicrobial activity of each of the antibiotics compared to when they were used alone. The results of this study strongly suggest the potential application of CNEs in combination with antibiotics to overcome A. baummanii infections.","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44187570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Permeability decline related with fine migration is one of the most widespread phenomenon that occurs in most oil reservoirs. Fine migration is intensive in sandstone reservoir, but frequently misinterpreted. Movement of fine particles might be problamatic to identify and even not easy to predict and interpret. The main goal of this study is to investigate the influence of flow rate and fluid alakalinity on petrophysical properties of selected reservoir sandstone. To determine the types of clay minerals with calculating the percentage of each types and the shape, position, and distribution within the rock matrix, first selected core samples were examined by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. This is also to identify the bulk mineralogy and clay fraction.. The result of this study shows that higher alakalinity fluid flow through reservoir standtone might cause a significant reduction on permeability. While at low pH fluid, the degree of damage is less damage than high pH value. However, the reduction on permeability was estimated by conducting a series of core flood experiments by injecting alkaline solution (pH 9 and pH 11) with stepwise increasing flow rate (50, 100, 200 ml/ h). Furthermore, the basic petrophysical properties of such porosity and initial permability were measured prior to testing. Ultimately, a series of core flooding were also conducted to investigate the influence of clay mineral content, pH and flow rate on sandtone reservoir permeability. High pH solutions significant permeability reductions were recorded, during the flood of pH 11 alkaline solution reductions as high as 36- 50-% were obtained while, the degree of damage was observed less severe with (pH9). Hence, the magnitude of damage was more severe with high flow rate and higher pH. The result shows that the clay minerals present in the cores were characteristics to fine migration thus causing negative impact on reservoir characteristics.
{"title":"The Role of Flow Rate and Fluid Alkalanity on Fine Particles Movement and Influencing the Petrophysical Properties of Reservoir Sandstone","authors":"K. Ahmad","doi":"10.24271/psr.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.05","url":null,"abstract":"Permeability decline related with fine migration is one of the most widespread phenomenon that occurs in most oil reservoirs. Fine migration is intensive in sandstone reservoir, but frequently misinterpreted. Movement of fine particles might be problamatic to identify and even not easy to predict and interpret. The main goal of this study is to investigate the influence of flow rate and fluid alakalinity on petrophysical properties of selected reservoir sandstone. To determine the types of clay minerals with calculating the percentage of each types and the shape, position, and distribution within the rock matrix, first selected core samples were examined by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. This is also to identify the bulk mineralogy and clay fraction.. The result of this study shows that higher alakalinity fluid flow through reservoir standtone might cause a significant reduction on permeability. While at low pH fluid, the degree of damage is less damage than high pH value. However, the reduction on permeability was estimated by conducting a series of core flood experiments by injecting alkaline solution (pH 9 and pH 11) with stepwise increasing flow rate (50, 100, 200 ml/ h). Furthermore, the basic petrophysical properties of such porosity and initial permability were measured prior to testing. Ultimately, a series of core flooding were also conducted to investigate the influence of clay mineral content, pH and flow rate on sandtone reservoir permeability. High pH solutions significant permeability reductions were recorded, during the flood of pH 11 alkaline solution reductions as high as 36- 50-% were obtained while, the degree of damage was observed less severe with (pH9). Hence, the magnitude of damage was more severe with high flow rate and higher pH. The result shows that the clay minerals present in the cores were characteristics to fine migration thus causing negative impact on reservoir characteristics.","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47500760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is very important to identify the factors which affect normal sperm functions. New Bio-chemical parameters in seminal plasma were analyzed to determine the biochemical factors that affect normal sperm function. The research groups consists of infertile groups Asthenozoospermia (n=31) and Normozoospermia (n=27) with a healthy men as a control (n=24). The patients have been selected and examined according to the World Health Organization (2010). In addition the seminal fluid analysis the biochemical parameters were analyzed in the seminal plasma of each sample including; Total antioxidant capacity, Catalase, Glutathione Reductase , glutathione and Malondialdehyde.Results showed a decrease in seminal plasma total antioxidant capacity of Astheno-zoospermia and Normozoospermia , and a significance decrease in catalase level for both infertile groups, Malondialdehyde level significantly increased in both infertile groups and Glutathione level significantly decreased in Asthenozoospermia group as compared to control group. Antioxidants have an important role in sperm protection via disturbing the balance in ROS production which destroys sperm plasma membrane causing loss sperm activity and it's ability to fertilize the egg.
{"title":"Effects of Low Seminal Plasma Antioxidant Potential on Semen Quality and Male Fertility","authors":"A. Palani, Nora Sabah Asdallh","doi":"10.24271/psr.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.02","url":null,"abstract":"It is very important to identify the factors which affect normal sperm functions. New Bio-chemical parameters in seminal plasma were analyzed to determine the biochemical factors that affect normal sperm function. The research groups consists of infertile groups Asthenozoospermia (n=31) and Normozoospermia (n=27) with a healthy men as a control (n=24). The patients have been selected and examined according to the World Health Organization (2010). In addition the seminal fluid analysis the biochemical parameters were analyzed in the seminal plasma of each sample including; Total antioxidant capacity, Catalase, Glutathione Reductase , glutathione and Malondialdehyde.Results showed a decrease in seminal plasma total antioxidant capacity of Astheno-zoospermia and Normozoospermia , and a significance decrease in catalase level for both infertile groups, Malondialdehyde level significantly increased in both infertile groups and Glutathione level significantly decreased in Asthenozoospermia group as compared to control group. Antioxidants have an important role in sperm protection via disturbing the balance in ROS production which destroys sperm plasma membrane causing loss sperm activity and it's ability to fertilize the egg.","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47935821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phenolic compounds of Geranium L. species were studied taxonomically by using the High Isolation and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds by Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Depending on the quantity and quality of the phenolic compounds the species were divided into four groups. In this study 14 phenolic compounds have been found, 9 of them were detected by using HPLC and other 5 compounds by using TLC.
{"title":"Phytochemical Study of the Geranium L. in Kurdistan Region-Iraq","authors":"S. Salih","doi":"10.24271/PSR.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/PSR.01","url":null,"abstract":"Phenolic compounds of Geranium L. species were studied taxonomically by using the High Isolation and Characterization of Phenolic Compounds by Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Depending on the quantity and quality of the phenolic compounds the species were divided into four groups. In this study 14 phenolic compounds have been found, 9 of them were detected by using HPLC and other 5 compounds by using TLC.","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48167821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shakhawan Latif Mahmmod, Rebwar Bahir Ahmed, Nawroz Akram Kakarash, Ihsan K Zangana, Mohammed Omar Baba Sheikh
The goal of this study was to determine both the incidence of anaplasmosis (Anaplasma Marginale) and phylogenetic relationship between A. marginale isolates from cattle in Sulaimani province, Kurdistan Region- Iraq during (March 10th to April 10th 2021) and those from other Anaplasma spp. A total of two isolates were tested for the major surface protein (msp4) gene for this purpose. Eighty blood samples of cattle (51 males and 29 females) were examined using both microscopic examination and PCR tests. Overall results were 23/80 (28.7 5%) and 8/80 (10 %) using microscopic examination and PCR assay, respectively. Age and sex were not significant factors in the appearance of infection, since no statistically significant difference in infection rate has been observed among sex and age group of cattle (P value >0.05). The results also revealed that the accuracies of traditional method and PCR assays in the diagnosis of the disease were 81 %, and 100 respectively. There was moderate correlation (0.43) between both techniques by the Kappa (k) test. However, The PCR technique recorded the highest sensitivity (100%) and specify (100%) for A. marginale detection. In conclusion, by the findings of the present study, it has been confirmed for the first time that A. marginale is the causative agent of anaplasmosis of cattle in the study areas and the best technique for the detection of either acute or chronic cases in cattle was the PCR assay.
{"title":"Occurrence of Anaplasmosis (Anaplasma Marginale) in cattle in Sulaimani province, Kurdistan region of Iraq","authors":"Shakhawan Latif Mahmmod, Rebwar Bahir Ahmed, Nawroz Akram Kakarash, Ihsan K Zangana, Mohammed Omar Baba Sheikh","doi":"10.24271/psr.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.30","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this study was to determine both the incidence of anaplasmosis (Anaplasma Marginale) and phylogenetic relationship between A. marginale isolates from cattle in Sulaimani province, Kurdistan Region- Iraq during (March 10th to April 10th 2021) and those from other Anaplasma spp. A total of two isolates were tested for the major surface protein (msp4) gene for this purpose. Eighty blood samples of cattle (51 males and 29 females) were examined using both microscopic examination and PCR tests. Overall results were 23/80 (28.7 5%) and 8/80 (10 %) using microscopic examination and PCR assay, respectively. Age and sex were not significant factors in the appearance of infection, since no statistically significant difference in infection rate has been observed among sex and age group of cattle (P value >0.05). The results also revealed that the accuracies of traditional method and PCR assays in the diagnosis of the disease were 81 %, and 100 respectively. There was moderate correlation (0.43) between both techniques by the Kappa (k) test. However, The PCR technique recorded the highest sensitivity (100%) and specify (100%) for A. marginale detection. In conclusion, by the findings of the present study, it has been confirmed for the first time that A. marginale is the causative agent of anaplasmosis of cattle in the study areas and the best technique for the detection of either acute or chronic cases in cattle was the PCR assay.","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68882239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is an inflammatory disease, caused by polymicrobial infection, including pathogenic bacteria which replace the vaginal normal flora and finally this replacement causes manifestations of several physiological and clinical symptoms among women within different ages. BV has become one of the main problems that make woman patients visit gynecological and obstetric consultant hospitals in most country. The present study is designed to determine the causative pathogen and the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis among married women patients in Kalar district. This cross-sectional study was performed from the beginning of March to the mid April-2021 among women who attended Obstetrics and Gynecological governmental hospital and out-patient clinics in Kalar City. Intra vaginal swabs have been collected in sterile Amies transport medium sticks and processed for isolation and identification of bacterial species depending on colony morphology, Gram’s stain and microbiological analysis protocols. Then socio-demographic and gynaecologic data were collected by questionnaire. Out of the 108 participant women who suffered from Gynecological diseases, 67(62.03%) of them exhibited bacterial vaginosis. From the 73 different isolated colonies, 18 bacterial species were identified; coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) were the predominant cause of BV (32.84%), followed by E. coli (14.93%), Staphylococcus aureus (13.43%), Klebsiella pneumonia (8.96) and Micrococcus luteus (7.46%), while Proteus spp. and some uncommon bacteria display (1.49%) for each of them. The socio-demographic analysis between positive and negative woman patients revealed that the association between all studied risk factors and BV were statistically significant (P value < 0.05) except the age factor which was statistically non-significant meaning that the age was not associated with BV. In addition, the clinical symptom analysis showed that abnormal vaginal discharge, lower back pain, dysmenorrhea and strawberry were significantly associated with BV (P value < 0.05), while the rest of other factor did not exhibit statistically significant association.
{"title":"Prevalence of Bacterial Vaginosis among Married Women in Kalar District, Iraqi Kurdistan Region","authors":"Saman Mohammed Mohammed- Amin","doi":"10.24271/psr.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.32","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is an inflammatory disease, caused by polymicrobial infection, including pathogenic bacteria which replace the vaginal normal flora and finally this replacement causes manifestations of several physiological and clinical symptoms among women within different ages. BV has become one of the main problems that make woman patients visit gynecological and obstetric consultant hospitals in most country. The present study is designed to determine the causative pathogen and the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis among married women patients in Kalar district. This cross-sectional study was performed from the beginning of March to the mid April-2021 among women who attended Obstetrics and Gynecological governmental hospital and out-patient clinics in Kalar City. Intra vaginal swabs have been collected in sterile Amies transport medium sticks and processed for isolation and identification of bacterial species depending on colony morphology, Gram’s stain and microbiological analysis protocols. Then socio-demographic and gynaecologic data were collected by questionnaire. Out of the 108 participant women who suffered from Gynecological diseases, 67(62.03%) of them exhibited bacterial vaginosis. From the 73 different isolated colonies, 18 bacterial species were identified; coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) were the predominant cause of BV (32.84%), followed by E. coli (14.93%), Staphylococcus aureus (13.43%), Klebsiella pneumonia (8.96) and Micrococcus luteus (7.46%), while Proteus spp. and some uncommon bacteria display (1.49%) for each of them. The socio-demographic analysis between positive and negative woman patients revealed that the association between all studied risk factors and BV were statistically significant (P value < 0.05) except the age factor which was statistically non-significant meaning that the age was not associated with BV. In addition, the clinical symptom analysis showed that abnormal vaginal discharge, lower back pain, dysmenorrhea and strawberry were significantly associated with BV (P value < 0.05), while the rest of other factor did not exhibit statistically significant association.","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68882247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we presented for the first time a multidimensional scaling approach to find the scaling as well as the ranking of triangular fuzzy numbers. Each fuzzy number was represented by a row in a matrix, and then found the configuration points (scale points) which represent the fuzzy numbers in . Since these points are not uniquely determined, then we presented different techniques to reconfigure the points to compare them with other methods. The results showed the ability of ranking fuzzy numbers
{"title":"Ranking of Fuzzy Numbers by using Scaling Method","authors":"Ayad Mohammed Ramadan","doi":"10.24271/psr.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.24","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we presented for the first time a multidimensional scaling approach to find the scaling as well as the ranking of triangular fuzzy numbers. Each fuzzy number was represented by a row in a matrix, and then found the configuration points (scale points) which represent the fuzzy numbers in . Since these points are not uniquely determined, then we presented different techniques to reconfigure the points to compare them with other methods. The results showed the ability of ranking fuzzy numbers","PeriodicalId":33835,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal","volume":"358 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86802072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yadgar Ali Mahmood, Halgurd Nasraden Hassan, Masood Saber Mohammed
This study was carried out at the experiment field, Kalar Technical Institute, Garmian Region in two growing seasons of 2016-2017 and 2017-2018 in order to evaluate the growth and yield potentials of barley under water stressed using hybrids as a source of wide range of genotypic variations. Therefore, five F2 barley hybrids (Hordeum vulgare L.) were screened for grain yield, biomass dry matter, plant height and harvest index under irrigated and drought conditions. Results showed that there was no effect of drought on grain yield (P>0.05) in 2017, while significantly reduced yield in 2018 and across-year mean (P-2 (3//14) under irrigated condition, and 267.8 (3//5) to 302.3 g m-2 (3//4) under unirrigated condition (P=0.001), biomass dry matter was ranged from 1099.1 (3//1) to 1370.5 g m-2 (3//14) under irrigated condition, and 892.6 (3//1) to 1153.9 g m-2 (3//14) under unirrigated condition (P=0.05), and harvest index were from 25.1 (3//14) to 28.0 (3//1) under irrigated conditions, and 25.9 (3//14) to 31.2 (3//1) under unirrigated conditions (P=0.04). Regression analysis, averaging over years, showed a positive relationship between grain yield and biomass under irrigated (R2=0.76; P=0.05), despite that, any positive relation was not found under unirrigated conditions (R2=0.43; P=0.23) due to post-anthesis drought stress. A strong relationship was also found between plant height and biomass dry matter under both irrigated (R2=0.89; P=0.02) and unirrigated (R2=0.97; P=0.003) conditions due to the high contribution of plant height in increasing plant biomass. It is concluded that genotypes had different response to drought due to their genetic diversity, and relatively low impact of water stress was appeared on growth and grain yield of barley in this semi-arid region compared to worldwide expected range of yield reduction.
本研究于2016-2017和2017-2018两个生长季节在加尔米安地区Kalar技术研究所的试验田进行，目的是利用杂交种作为广泛基因型变异的来源，评估水分胁迫下大麦的生长和产量潜力。为此，对5个F2大麦杂交种(Hordeum vulgare L.)在灌溉和干旱条件下的籽粒产量、生物量干物质、株高和收获指数进行了筛选。结果表明:2017年干旱对粮食产量没有影响(P < 0.05)，但在灌溉条件下显著降低了2018年和历年平均产量(P-2(3//14))，在未灌溉条件下显著降低了267.8 (3//5)~ 302.3 g m-2 (3//4) (P=0.001)，生物量干物质在灌溉条件下为1099.1 (3//1)~ 1370.5 g m-2(3//14)之间，在未灌溉条件下为892.6 (3//1)~ 1153.9 g m-2(3//14)之间(P=0.05);有水条件下收获指数为25.1(3//14)~ 28.0(3//1)，无水条件下为25.9 (3//14)~ 31.2 (3//1)(P=0.04)。多年平均回归分析表明，灌溉条件下粮食产量与生物量呈正相关(R2=0.76;P=0.05)，但不灌水条件下无显著正相关(R2=0.43;P=0.23)。两种灌溉方式下，株高与生物量干物质之间也存在较强的相关关系(R2=0.89;P=0.02)和未冲洗(R2=0.97;P=0.003)条件下，由于株高对增加植物生物量的贡献较大。综上所述，不同基因型对干旱的响应不同，与全球预期减产幅度相比，干旱胁迫对该半干旱区大麦生长和产量的影响相对较小。
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