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Usability-based Language for Authoring NCL Documents 编写NCL文档的基于可用性的语言
Pub Date : 2017-10-17 DOI: 10.1145/3126858.3126866
L. Terças, D. D. S. Moraes, D. D. S. Ribeiro, M. C. M. Neto, Carlos de Salles Soares Neto
NCL (Nested Context Language) is a notation for hypermedia application authoring, designed to facilitate the modeling and authoring of Digital TV applications for authors with different levels of programming knowledge. However, the ease of use of NCL is questionable due to XML notation and has been the subject of study of several works that analyze its usability while proposing other solutions. This work presents sNCL (simpler NCL), a declarative domain specific language, projected using guidelines established by the CDN (Cognitive Dimensions of Notation) framework applied to NCL. To validate the proposal, an experiment with a questionnaire on the success factors in NCL and sNCL is applied to users with experience in authoring with NCL, comparing their opinions on both languages. The experiment demonstrates that sNCL gains in usability, which can improve, therefore, the performance of authors in the development of applications.
NCL(嵌套上下文语言)是一种用于超媒体应用程序编写的符号,旨在为具有不同编程知识水平的作者简化数字电视应用程序的建模和编写。然而,由于使用了XML表示法,NCL的易用性受到了质疑,在提出其他解决方案的同时,也有几篇文章分析了NCL的可用性,并对其进行了研究。这项工作提出了sNCL(更简单的NCL),一种声明性领域特定语言,使用应用于NCL的CDN(符号的认知维度)框架建立的指导方针进行预测。为了验证这一建议,我们对有NCL写作经验的用户进行了一项关于NCL和sNCL成功因素的问卷调查,比较了他们对这两种语言的看法。实验表明,sNCL提高了可用性,从而可以提高作者在应用程序开发中的性能。
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引用次数: 2
AnyLanguage-To-LIBRAS: Evaluation of an Machine Translation Service of Any Oralized Language for the Brazilian Sign Language 任何语言到天秤座:巴西手语的任何口头语言的机器翻译服务的评估
Pub Date : 2017-10-17 DOI: 10.1145/3126858.3126871
Renan Soares, Rostand E. O. Costa, Manuella Aschoff, T. Araújo
Deaf people communicate naturally through visual-gesture languages, called sign languages (LS). As a result, they have a great deal of difficulty absorbing oral content, either in written or spoken form, even in the oral language (LO) of their native country. In addition, if it is already difficult to a deaf to access information in the oral language of your country, obstacles to accessing information in foreign languages become almost insurmountable, reducing the level of access to information. Among the approaches to the problem, one of the most promising ones involves the use of automatic translators to translate written or spoken content into sign language through an avatar. However, the vast majority of these machine translation platforms are focused on translating a single oral language into a single associated sign language. In order to expand the range of oral languages that Brazilian deaf people could have access to, this article investigates the use of "text-to-text" machine translation mechanisms before the "text-to-gloss" machine translation. The idea is to evaluate the offer of a service for automatic translation of digital content (text, audio or video, for example) in any oral language for the Brazilian Language of Signals (LIBRAS). As a way of validating the proposal a prototype based on the Suite VLibras was constructed. A series of computational and user evaluations were carried out to verify if the proposed flow of chained translations allows the suitable understanding of the content in foreign languages.
聋人自然地通过视觉手势语言进行交流,称为手语(LS)。因此,他们在吸收口头内容方面有很大的困难,无论是书面形式还是口头形式,甚至是母语(LO)。此外,如果一个聋哑人已经很难获取贵国的口语信息,那么获取外语信息的障碍就变得几乎无法克服,从而降低了获取信息的水平。在解决这个问题的方法中,最有前途的方法之一是使用自动翻译器,通过化身将书面或口头内容翻译成手语。然而,这些机器翻译平台中的绝大多数都专注于将一种口头语言翻译成一种相关的手语。为了扩大巴西聋哑人可以接触到的口语范围,本文研究了在“文本到注释”机器翻译之前使用“文本到文本”机器翻译机制。这个想法是评估为巴西信号语言(LIBRAS)提供任何口头语言的数字内容(例如文本、音频或视频)自动翻译服务的可行性。作为验证建议的一种方法,基于Suite VLibras构建了一个原型。进行了一系列计算和用户评估,以验证拟议的链接翻译流程是否能够适当地理解外语内容。
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引用次数: 6
Adaptive Sensing Relevance Exploiting Social Media Mining in Smart Cities 自适应感知关联利用智慧城市中的社交媒体挖掘
Pub Date : 2017-10-17 DOI: 10.1145/3126858.3131568
Daniel C. Andrade, D. G. Costa, João B. Rocha-Junior
Wireless sensor networks are an important part of smart cities, but there are still many challenging issues, demanding optimizations in those networks for higher efficiency. Events of interest may be identified analyzing data posted in social media, and such events may be used to assign priority levels to sensor nodes. This paper proposes an automatic mechanism to update sensors' priorities based on events mined and identified in social medias, which may be then optimized for higher monitoring efficiency.
无线传感器网络是智慧城市的重要组成部分,但仍存在许多具有挑战性的问题,需要对这些网络进行优化以提高效率。可以通过分析社交媒体上发布的数据来确定感兴趣的事件,并且可以使用此类事件为传感器节点分配优先级级别。本文提出了一种基于社交媒体中挖掘和识别的事件自动更新传感器优先级的机制,然后可以对其进行优化以提高监测效率。
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引用次数: 5
Evaluating Different Strategies to Mitigate the Ramp-up Problem in Recommendation Domains 评估不同策略以缓解推荐领域中的加速问题
Pub Date : 2017-10-17 DOI: 10.1145/3126858.3126878
N. Silva, Diego Carvalho, A. Pereira, Fernando Mourão, L. Rocha
Recommender Systems (RSs) have assumed a prominent role in e-commerce domains, affecting decisively distinct business phases, such as convert new users into customers. The total absence of information about new users is one of the main challenges in this area, and it is known in the literature as Ramp-up Problem. In this scenario, non-personalized strategy are chosen for simplicity, domain independence and effectiveness. State-of-the-art strategies assume that popular items are more likely to represent useful recommendations when the user profile is not known. In contrast, other strategies consider that diversifying recommendations represents potential chances of attracting new users. This work performs an extensive characterization of this problem, in order to contrast the main existing techniques. Our analyses point to a trade-off of popularity and diversity, suggesting that these two dimensions are essential to the Ramp-up problem. However, the main e-commerce systems insist on presenting only strategies that consider accuracy, prioritizing popularity over diversity. The results show that, indeed, both dimensions are relevant to this important scenario in e-commerce.
推荐系统(RSs)在电子商务领域扮演着重要的角色,影响着不同的业务阶段,例如将新用户转化为客户。完全缺乏关于新用户的信息是该领域的主要挑战之一,这在文献中被称为Ramp-up Problem。在这种情况下,选择非个性化策略是为了简单、领域独立性和有效性。最先进的策略假设,当用户资料未知时,受欢迎的项目更有可能代表有用的推荐。相比之下,其他策略认为多样化的推荐代表着吸引新用户的潜在机会。这项工作对这个问题进行了广泛的描述,以便对比现有的主要技术。我们的分析指出了受欢迎程度和多样性之间的权衡,这表明这两个方面对“快速增长”问题至关重要。然而,主要的电子商务系统坚持只提供考虑准确性的策略,优先考虑受欢迎程度而不是多样性。结果表明,的确,这两个维度都与电子商务中的这一重要场景相关。
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引用次数: 3
TATMaster: Psycholinguistic Divergences in Automatically Translated Texts 自动翻译文本中的心理语言学差异
Pub Date : 2017-10-17 DOI: 10.1145/3126858.3131601
R. G. Rodrigues, Rodrigo Reis Gomes, Kaio Tavares Rodrigues, G. Guedes
This work aims at creating a tool for analyzing the psychological and linguistic changes of texts translated from English into Brazilian Portuguese. The aim is to analyze differences between texts translated by automatic translators and human translators. For this purpose, a tool named LIWC is used in its Brazilian Portuguese version. LIWC is a tool that distributes lexical words in categories with linguistic and psychological characteristics. Through accounting the word categories, this work seeks to evaluate the percentage of psycholinguistic changes in automatically translated documents in comparison with a reliable translation performed by a human expert. In this way, this study aims to contribute to the improvement of the process of automatic translation of documents. Experimental results indicate promising directions for further research.
这项工作旨在创建一个工具来分析从英语翻译成巴西葡萄牙语的文本的心理和语言变化。目的是分析自动翻译器和人工翻译器翻译文本的差异。为此,在其巴西葡萄牙语版本中使用了名为LIWC的工具。LIWC是一种将词汇按语言和心理特征分类的工具。通过计算词类,这项工作旨在评估自动翻译文档中心理语言学变化的百分比,并与人类专家进行的可靠翻译进行比较。通过这种方式,本研究旨在为文档自动翻译过程的改进做出贡献。实验结果为进一步的研究指明了有希望的方向。
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引用次数: 3
A Comparative Analysis of the Impact of Features on Human Activity Recognition with Smartphone Sensors 智能手机传感器特征对人体活动识别影响的对比分析
Pub Date : 2017-10-17 DOI: 10.1145/3126858.3126859
Wesllen Sousa, E. Souto, Jonatas Rodrigres, Pedro Sadarc, Roozbeh Jalali, K. El-Khatib
The recognition of users' physical activities through data analysis of smartphone inertial sensors has aided the development of several solutions in different domains such as transportation and healthcare. Mostly of these solutions have been supported by the cloud communication technologies due to the need of using accurate classification models. In an attempt to solve problems related to the smartphone orientation (e.g. landscape) in the user's body, new types of features classified as orientation independent have arisen in the last years. In this context, this paper presents an extensive comparative study between all the features mapped in literature derived from inertial sensors. A number of experiments were carried out using two databases containing data from 30 users. Results showed that the new orientation independent features proposed in literature cannot discriminate properly between the users' activities using the inertial sensors. In addition, this paper provides an extensive analysis of these type of features and a tool that implements all methodological process of human activity recognition based on smartphones.
通过智能手机惯性传感器的数据分析来识别用户的身体活动,有助于在交通和医疗保健等不同领域开发几种解决方案。由于需要使用准确的分类模型,这些解决方案大多得到了云通信技术的支持。为了解决与智能手机在用户身体中的方向(例如横向)相关的问题,过去几年出现了与方向无关的新类型的功能。在此背景下,本文提出了一个广泛的比较研究的所有特征映射的文献中来自惯性传感器。使用包含30个用户数据的两个数据库进行了一些实验。结果表明,文献中提出的新的方向无关特征不能很好地区分使用惯性传感器的用户活动。此外,本文还对这些类型的特征进行了广泛的分析,并提供了一个工具,该工具实现了基于智能手机的人类活动识别的所有方法过程。
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引用次数: 42
A First Look at Mobile-Live-Users of a Large CDN 一个大型CDN的移动实时用户的第一眼
Pub Date : 2017-10-17 DOI: 10.1145/3126858.3131565
D. Silva, Antonio A. Rocha, P. B. Velloso, Guilherme de Melo Baptista Domingues
Video streaming is one of the greatest application on the Internet, and mobile devices became more powerful and popular every passing day. Understanding live-streaming-mobile-user behavior is imperative to map issues, to then seek solutions. The purpose of this work is to characterized mobile users watching popular live events, such as Dilma's Impeachment and Opening of Rio2016 Games.
视频流是互联网上最伟大的应用之一,移动设备变得越来越强大和流行。了解移动直播用户的行为是映射问题,然后寻求解决方案的必要条件。这项工作的目的是表征移动用户观看流行的现场事件,如迪尔玛的弹劾和里约2016年奥运会开幕。
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引用次数: 7
Distributed Data Clustering in the Context of the Internet of Things: A Data Traffic Reduction Approach 物联网环境下的分布式数据聚类:一种减少数据流量的方法
Pub Date : 2017-10-17 DOI: 10.1145/3126858.3131579
R. Brandão, R. Goldschmidt
The Internet of Things (IoT) emerged with the objective to integrate physical objects into classical computer networks. These objects usually generate larges amount of data, transferring the bottleneck of data processing from sensors to communication systems. For example, analyzing IoT data often demands data centralization before running a mining algorithm. Thus, in order to reduce the data transference commonly required by the data clustering task, this paper proposes a grid-based data summarization approach. The proposed approach uses a single uniform grid to partition the space into cells and to summarize data before centralization. Summarization ensures the reduction of the amounts of data transferred. This approach also includes a data clustering algorithm that deals with the summarized and centralized data. Our preliminary experiments revealed good results in terms of data compression and quality of clustering with a two-dimensional benchmark dataset.
物联网(IoT)的目标是将物理对象集成到经典计算机网络中。这些对象通常会产生大量数据,将数据处理的瓶颈从传感器转移到通信系统。例如,分析物联网数据通常需要在运行挖掘算法之前进行数据集中。因此,为了减少数据聚类任务通常需要的数据传输,本文提出了一种基于网格的数据汇总方法。该方法使用一个统一的网格将空间划分为单元,并在集中之前对数据进行汇总。摘要确保减少传输的数据量。该方法还包括处理汇总和集中数据的数据聚类算法。我们的初步实验表明,在二维基准数据集的数据压缩和聚类质量方面取得了良好的结果。
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引用次数: 2
Converting NCL Documents to Smix and Fixing Their Semantics and Interpretation in the Process 将NCL文档转换为Smix并在此过程中修复其语义和解释
Pub Date : 2017-10-17 DOI: 10.1145/3126858.3126876
Guilherme Lima, R. Azevedo, S. Colcher, E. Haeusler
In this paper, we present the conversion of NCL to Smix and discuss its main implications. NCL is a declarative language for the specification of interactive multimedia presentations which was adopted by the ITU-T H.761 recommendation for interoperable IPTV services. Smix is a synchronous domain-specific language with a similar purpose, but with a simpler and more precise semantics. By implementing NCL over Smix, we bring to the former the notions of reaction and execution instants, and with them some benefits. From a practical perspective, we fix the semantics of the converted documents, get a leaner NCL player (the Smix interpreter), and simplify further conversions. From a systems-design perspective, the structured conversion of NCL to Smix helps us tame the complexity of mapping the user-oriented constructs of NCL into the machine-oriented primitives that realize them as a multimedia presentation. In the paper, we present NCL and Smix, discuss related work on document conversion, and detail the conversion process and a prototype implementation.
在本文中,我们介绍了NCL到Smix的转换,并讨论了其主要含义。NCL是交互式多媒体演示规范的声明性语言,被ITU-T H.761推荐用于可互操作的IPTV业务。Smix是一种同步的特定于领域的语言,具有类似的目的,但具有更简单和更精确的语义。通过在Smix上实现NCL,我们为前者带来了反应和执行瞬间的概念,并带来了一些好处。从实际的角度来看,我们修复了转换文档的语义,获得了更精简的NCL播放器(Smix解释器),并简化了进一步的转换。从系统设计的角度来看,NCL到Smix的结构化转换帮助我们克服了将NCL面向用户的构造映射到面向机器的原语(将它们实现为多媒体表示)的复杂性。本文介绍了NCL和Smix,讨论了文档转换的相关工作,并详细介绍了转换过程和原型实现。
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引用次数: 4
Exploring Unsupervised Learning Towards Extractive Summarization of User Reviews 探索面向用户评论提取摘要的无监督学习
Pub Date : 2017-10-17 DOI: 10.1145/3126858.3131583
Rafael Torres Anchiêta, R. Moura
Mobile app reviews are important as a crowdsource to improve the quality of these softwares. App stores, which have app reviews, provide a wealth of information derived from users. These information help developers to fix bugs and implement new features desired by users. Despite the reviews usefulness, one of the challenges of application developers is the huge number of reviews published daily, making manual analysis laborious. Hence, the delay in satisfying users may influence the loss of customers. Current researches into this topic have adopted a supervised approach to classify the reviews of the users. In this paper, we used an unsupervised approach to categorize the reviews aiming to generate a summary of the main bugs and new features pointed by users, assisting the application developers to improve the quality their apps. We evaluated the approach empirically and obtained promising results to generate user reviews summaries.
手机应用评论对于提高这些软件的质量非常重要。拥有应用评论的应用商店提供了大量来自用户的信息。这些信息可以帮助开发人员修复错误并实现用户所需的新功能。尽管评论很有用,但应用程序开发人员面临的挑战之一是每天发布的大量评论,这使得手工分析变得费力。因此,延迟满足用户可能会影响客户的流失。目前对该主题的研究采用了一种监督的方法来对用户的评论进行分类。在本文中,我们使用了一种无监督的方法对评论进行分类,旨在生成用户指出的主要错误和新功能的摘要,帮助应用程序开发人员提高应用程序的质量。我们对该方法进行了实证评估,并获得了生成用户评论摘要的良好结果。
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引用次数: 8
期刊
Proceedings of the 23rd Brazillian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web
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