Pub Date : 2022-03-31DOI: 10.51957/healthline_317_2021
V. Shukla, K. Ray, S. Dutta, M. Basu
Introduction: Self-medication can lead to problems such as adverse effects and antibiotic resistance. This study was conducted to estimate the proportion of self-medication practice, to elicit the reasons for practicing self-medication, to find the factors associated with self-medication practice and to assess the health seeking behaviour among a rural community of West Bengal. Method: A study with mixed-methods approach was conducted among 212 households from four selected villages in a block of West Bengal. Focussed Group Discussions were held with respondents who were practising self-medication. Data were analysed using SPSS 25.0 and Atlas ti 7.0. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to find the factors associated with self-medication practice. Results: The proportion of self-medication practice was found to be 41%. Allopathy was most commonly preferred system of Medicine (78.8%). Statistically significant factors associated with self-medication practice were education upto Middle school (aOR 3.59) and Secondary level (aOR 10.71), Class III socio-economic status (aOR 5.03) and presence of acute illness (aOR 28.92). Conclusion: Proportion of self-medication practice among rural population was high. This needs to be addressed and health education should be provided to them.
引言：自行用药会导致不良反应和抗生素耐药性等问题。本研究旨在评估自我药物治疗的比例，找出自我药物治疗原因，找出与自我药物治疗相关的因素，并评估西孟加拉邦农村社区的健康寻求行为。方法：采用混合方法对西孟加拉邦一个街区四个选定村庄的212户家庭进行研究。与正在进行自我药物治疗的受访者进行了重点小组讨论。使用SPSS 25.0和Atlas ti 7.0对数据进行分析。采用多变量逻辑回归分析，找出与自我用药实践相关的因素。结果：自我用药的比例为41%。变态反应是最常见的首选医学体系（78.8%）。与自我药物治疗相关的统计学显著因素是中学及中学教育程度（aOR 3.59）、三级社会经济地位（aOR 5.03）和是否患有急性疾病（aOR 28.92）。结论：农村人口自我药物治疗的比例较高。需要解决这一问题，并向他们提供健康教育。
{"title":"Self-Medication Practices and Health Seeking Behaviour among Residents of Selected Villages in A Block of West Bengal: A Mixed-Methods Study","authors":"V. Shukla, K. Ray, S. Dutta, M. Basu","doi":"10.51957/healthline_317_2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_317_2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Self-medication can lead to problems such as adverse effects and antibiotic resistance. This study was conducted to estimate the proportion of self-medication practice, to elicit the reasons for practicing self-medication, to find the factors associated with self-medication practice and to assess the health seeking behaviour among a rural community of West Bengal. Method: A study with mixed-methods approach was conducted among 212 households from four selected villages in a block of West Bengal. Focussed Group Discussions were held with respondents who were practising self-medication. Data were analysed using SPSS 25.0 and Atlas ti 7.0. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to find the factors associated with self-medication practice. Results: The proportion of self-medication practice was found to be 41%. Allopathy was most commonly preferred system of Medicine (78.8%). Statistically significant factors associated with self-medication practice were education upto Middle school (aOR 3.59) and Secondary level (aOR 10.71), Class III socio-economic status (aOR 5.03) and presence of acute illness (aOR 28.92). Conclusion: Proportion of self-medication practice among rural population was high. This needs to be addressed and health education should be provided to them.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43694020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.51957/healthline_266_2021
Bhavesh B. Prajapati, A. Shukla
Introduction: Government of Gujarat launched “Mission BalamSukham” in the year 2012 to combat the malnutrition with three tier approach. At village level Village Child Nutrition Center (VCNC) runs at Anganwadi centers where children with Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) and Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) children aged 6 months to 6 years without any medical complications are enrolled for 30 days and provided with the nutrition supplements as per standard protocol including micronutrients. Objectives: To study the growth progress among malnourished children after one month of intervention at VCNC. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted over one year pe¬riod in selected VCNCs of Ahmedabad District. All the malnourished children admitted to these selected VCNCs during study period were included in the study. Data on weight status at admission and discharge, rate of weight gain, grade of malnutrition at entry and exit were collected from the records and analyzed using statistical software. Results: A total of 934 malnourished children were included in the study. A statistically significant difference was observed for weight at discharge (11.1 ± 2.07) and weight at admission (9.92 ± 1.77) for all the children. About 8.7 % children in urban and 16.5 % in rural area achieved the recommended weight gain of 5 grams/kg/day and the difference was statistically significant. In urban and rural area children who achieved the target (>15%) weight gain was 6.3% and 14.7%, respectively and this difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: In the current study, 7.3% children achieved the target (>15%) weight gain. Suggesting that VCNC supplementation for 1 month was not found adequate to give desired result.
{"title":"Evaluation of Growth Progress among Malnourished Children Attending Village Child Nutrition Centre (VCNC) Under Mission Balam Sukham at Ahmedabad District, Gujarat","authors":"Bhavesh B. Prajapati, A. Shukla","doi":"10.51957/healthline_266_2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_266_2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Government of Gujarat launched “Mission BalamSukham” in the year 2012 to combat the malnutrition with three tier approach. At village level Village Child Nutrition Center (VCNC) runs at Anganwadi centers where children with Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) and Moderate Acute Malnutrition (MAM) children aged 6 months to 6 years without any medical complications are enrolled for 30 days and provided with the nutrition supplements as per standard protocol including micronutrients. Objectives: To study the growth progress among malnourished children after one month of intervention at VCNC. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted over one year pe¬riod in selected VCNCs of Ahmedabad District. All the malnourished children admitted to these selected VCNCs during study period were included in the study. Data on weight status at admission and discharge, rate of weight gain, grade of malnutrition at entry and exit were collected from the records and analyzed using statistical software. Results: A total of 934 malnourished children were included in the study. A statistically significant difference was observed for weight at discharge (11.1 ± 2.07) and weight at admission (9.92 ± 1.77) for all the children. About 8.7 % children in urban and 16.5 % in rural area achieved the recommended weight gain of 5 grams/kg/day and the difference was statistically significant. In urban and rural area children who achieved the target (>15%) weight gain was 6.3% and 14.7%, respectively and this difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: In the current study, 7.3% children achieved the target (>15%) weight gain. Suggesting that VCNC supplementation for 1 month was not found adequate to give desired result.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43811836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.51957/healthline_271_2021
Arpan Kumar Ghorui, B. Paul, L. Bandyopadhyay
Introduction: Oral cancer is a major public health problem in India. Screening of the disease has an important role in early detection resulting in improved patient outcomeswith reduced mortality and morbidity. The present study was undertaken to assess the awareness about oral cancer and attitude towards screening among patientsattending a rural hospital in West Bengal and elicit its associated factors if any. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2020 among 244 adults attending the Dental OPD ofAmtala Rural Hospital, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal. Data collection was done via face-to-face interview using a pre-tested structured questionnaire.Knowledge regarding oral cancer and attitude towards screening was assessed using an 18-itemand 8-item questionnaire respectively. Logistic regression analysis was done to find out the factors associated with satisfactory knowledge and favourable attitude. Results: Satisfactory knowledge of oral cancer was observed among 26.6%, while favourable attitude towards screening among 29.9% of the participants. Younger age,educational level above secondary and non-usage of smokeless tobacco were significantly associated with satisfactory knowledge of the disease. Educational level above secondary, nuclear family membersand smokers hada significant association with favourable attitude towards screening. Conclusion:There was a lack of awareness about oral cancer and an unfavourable attitude towards screening among a significant proportion of the participants. Intensive health education for increasing community-level awareness about the disease and benefits of routine screening would help in the reduction of the burden of oral cancer in the future.
{"title":"A Study on Knowledge Related to Oral Cancer and Attitude towards Screening among Patients Attending a Rural Hospital in West Bengal","authors":"Arpan Kumar Ghorui, B. Paul, L. Bandyopadhyay","doi":"10.51957/healthline_271_2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_271_2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Oral cancer is a major public health problem in India. Screening of the disease has an important role in early detection resulting in improved patient outcomeswith reduced mortality and morbidity. The present study was undertaken to assess the awareness about oral cancer and attitude towards screening among patientsattending a rural hospital in West Bengal and elicit its associated factors if any. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2020 among 244 adults attending the Dental OPD ofAmtala Rural Hospital, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal. Data collection was done via face-to-face interview using a pre-tested structured questionnaire.Knowledge regarding oral cancer and attitude towards screening was assessed using an 18-itemand 8-item questionnaire respectively. Logistic regression analysis was done to find out the factors associated with satisfactory knowledge and favourable attitude. Results: Satisfactory knowledge of oral cancer was observed among 26.6%, while favourable attitude towards screening among 29.9% of the participants. Younger age,educational level above secondary and non-usage of smokeless tobacco were significantly associated with satisfactory knowledge of the disease. Educational level above secondary, nuclear family membersand smokers hada significant association with favourable attitude towards screening. Conclusion:There was a lack of awareness about oral cancer and an unfavourable attitude towards screening among a significant proportion of the participants. Intensive health education for increasing community-level awareness about the disease and benefits of routine screening would help in the reduction of the burden of oral cancer in the future.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41571786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.51957/healthline_322_2021
Keerti Singh
The COVID-19 pandemic has taken the world by storm, drastically affecting every aspect of life. It has become one of the causes of most unexpected number of deaths the world has seen since centuries. COVID-19 has introduced the world to a number of new things like lockdown, social distancing and the list goes on. Telemedicine is one of the terms, which existed since a long time but is made common by the COVID-19.
{"title":"Telemedicine: A Boon in COVID-19 Pandemic in India","authors":"Keerti Singh","doi":"10.51957/healthline_322_2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_322_2021","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has taken the world by storm, drastically affecting every aspect of life. It has become one of the causes of most unexpected number of deaths the world has seen since centuries. COVID-19 has introduced the world to a number of new things like lockdown, social distancing and the list goes on. Telemedicine is one of the terms, which existed since a long time but is made common by the COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48608758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.51957/healthline_275_2021
A. Laskar, Shyambhavee Behera, Aditi S Poddar, S. Rasania, S. Saha
Introduction: Vaccine hesitancy has emerged as one of the leading global health threats as identified by WHO, that may be detrimental to efforts to control the pandemic. Frequent interruptions in the vaccine supply clubbed with hesitancy can result in lower immunization coverage than expected. Assessing factors influencing the behavioural decision to accept, delay or reject is imperative in scaling-up the vaccine uptake. Objectives: To estimate the delay and its determinants towards COVID-19 vaccination among educated class in Northern India. Method: An online cross-sectional, observational study was conducted among teachers and their family members, close relatives and friends across India among 362 adults aged 18 years or more using structured questionnaire incorporated into kobo toolbox wherein information pertaining to vaccination hesitancy among study subjects was sought. Results: The present study revealed 43% of participants were totally unvaccinated. Most common barriers towards delayed or non-vaccination included apprehension about the side effects, doubts regarding vaccine effectiveness. Conclusion: Risk communication and vaccine advocacy should be tailor-made in a manner to dispel all doubts and concerns of the general public and counter the misinformation, which will help in addressing this huge vaccination gap.
{"title":"Hesitation, Delays and Barriers towards COVID-19 Vaccination among Educated Class in Northern India","authors":"A. Laskar, Shyambhavee Behera, Aditi S Poddar, S. Rasania, S. Saha","doi":"10.51957/healthline_275_2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_275_2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Vaccine hesitancy has emerged as one of the leading global health threats as identified by WHO, that may be detrimental to efforts to control the pandemic. Frequent interruptions in the vaccine supply clubbed with hesitancy can result in lower immunization coverage than expected. Assessing factors influencing the behavioural decision to accept, delay or reject is imperative in scaling-up the vaccine uptake. Objectives: To estimate the delay and its determinants towards COVID-19 vaccination among educated class in Northern India. Method: An online cross-sectional, observational study was conducted among teachers and their family members, close relatives and friends across India among 362 adults aged 18 years or more using structured questionnaire incorporated into kobo toolbox wherein information pertaining to vaccination hesitancy among study subjects was sought. Results: The present study revealed 43% of participants were totally unvaccinated. Most common barriers towards delayed or non-vaccination included apprehension about the side effects, doubts regarding vaccine effectiveness. Conclusion: Risk communication and vaccine advocacy should be tailor-made in a manner to dispel all doubts and concerns of the general public and counter the misinformation, which will help in addressing this huge vaccination gap.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44738915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.51957/healthline_261_2021
L. Sinha, S. Choudhary, Bal Gopal Bhati, Rakesh Mewara, Amandeep Semwal
Introduction: In India, even today regressive socio-cultural norms pertaining to menstruation continue to thrive in many parts. The government in Rajasthan has been distributing sanitary napkins to girls in the age group 10-19 years through the Education & ICDS department since 2018. This study assesses utilization and acceptance of the sanitary pads distributed frees of cost among adolescents and at a nominal rate to women and identifies the challenges in observing menstrual hygiene practices in semi arid areas. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among women aged 15-45 years in six urban wards and six sub- centre villages under the Rural Health and training Centre(RHTC) Gundoj. Keeping power of study at 80% adding the 10% non-response, 50% prevalence for hygienic menstrual practices, a sample size of 384 participants was taken, 192 each from rural and urban areas with 50% of the participants being school going girls. Results: Among school going participants 184 ( 95.8%) in urban areas and 169(88%) were utilizing the free sanitary pads distributed in schools, rest used locally purchased “red cloth”. Average level of hygiene practices was comparatively more among urban participants 173(90%) than rural women 77(40.1%) (p value<0.05).During menstruation performing religious activities, doing idol worship, eating and drinking water with family was taboo among 92% of both urban and rural respondents. Conclusion: Distribution of sanitary pads in schools is a successful intervention in Pali District. However, knowledge of healthy menstrual hygiene practices was low (23%) among rural women. Disposal of used pads and attitude towards social taboos need to be addressed in the rural areas of the district with better convergence between Education, ICDS and Health department for advocacy of healthy menstrual hygiene practices.
{"title":"Challenges in Menstrual Hygiene Practices among Urban and Rural Women (Aged 15-45 Years) of District Pali in Western Rajasthan","authors":"L. Sinha, S. Choudhary, Bal Gopal Bhati, Rakesh Mewara, Amandeep Semwal","doi":"10.51957/healthline_261_2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_261_2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In India, even today regressive socio-cultural norms pertaining to menstruation continue to thrive in many parts. The government in Rajasthan has been distributing sanitary napkins to girls in the age group 10-19 years through the Education & ICDS department since 2018. This study assesses utilization and acceptance of the sanitary pads distributed frees of cost among adolescents and at a nominal rate to women and identifies the challenges in observing menstrual hygiene practices in semi arid areas. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted among women aged 15-45 years in six urban wards and six sub- centre villages under the Rural Health and training Centre(RHTC) Gundoj. Keeping power of study at 80% adding the 10% non-response, 50% prevalence for hygienic menstrual practices, a sample size of 384 participants was taken, 192 each from rural and urban areas with 50% of the participants being school going girls. Results: Among school going participants 184 ( 95.8%) in urban areas and 169(88%) were utilizing the free sanitary pads distributed in schools, rest used locally purchased “red cloth”. Average level of hygiene practices was comparatively more among urban participants 173(90%) than rural women 77(40.1%) (p value<0.05).During menstruation performing religious activities, doing idol worship, eating and drinking water with family was taboo among 92% of both urban and rural respondents. Conclusion: Distribution of sanitary pads in schools is a successful intervention in Pali District. However, knowledge of healthy menstrual hygiene practices was low (23%) among rural women. Disposal of used pads and attitude towards social taboos need to be addressed in the rural areas of the district with better convergence between Education, ICDS and Health department for advocacy of healthy menstrual hygiene practices.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44052719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.51957/healthline_289_2021
Lalithambigai Chellamuthu, A. Boratne
India rolled out COVID-19vaccination campaign in a phased manner starting from health care workers on January 2021. Now that India has opened vaccinations to all ≥18-year-olds from May 2021, government is attempting to make the vaccination campaign as quick as possible, and health authorities are experimenting with novel approach of drive-in vaccination against COVID-19in some states. This is a safe and efficient way to vaccinate a large number of people within a short period of time while maintaining social distance. This also makes it easier and more comfortable for the elderly, patients with co-morbidities or chronic diseases and differently abled individuals to receive vaccines without any difficulty that is involved in accessing the conventional vaccination sites. As the pandemic and our response to it evolve, the same models could also be employed for screening or testing of COVID-19and for dispensing of COVID-19 medications with authorized prescriptions.
{"title":"Drive-in Vaccination against COVID-19 in India","authors":"Lalithambigai Chellamuthu, A. Boratne","doi":"10.51957/healthline_289_2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_289_2021","url":null,"abstract":"India rolled out COVID-19vaccination campaign in a phased manner starting from health care workers on January 2021. Now that India has opened vaccinations to all ≥18-year-olds from May 2021, government is attempting to make the vaccination campaign as quick as possible, and health authorities are experimenting with novel approach of drive-in vaccination against COVID-19in some states. This is a safe and efficient way to vaccinate a large number of people within a short period of time while maintaining social distance. This also makes it easier and more comfortable for the elderly, patients with co-morbidities or chronic diseases and differently abled individuals to receive vaccines without any difficulty that is involved in accessing the conventional vaccination sites. As the pandemic and our response to it evolve, the same models could also be employed for screening or testing of COVID-19and for dispensing of COVID-19 medications with authorized prescriptions.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44523913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.51957/healthline_273_2021
Harsh D. Shah, J. Patel, Aniket Rana, A. Sinha, M. Fancy
Introduction: Mortality and morbidity due to infectious disease have got reduced in the last couple of decades. Diphtheria is one of the infectious diseases which can be preventable with a complete immunization. Objective: To understand trends and identify factors affecting the outbreak of diphtheria in Banaskantha district of Gujarat. Method: A retrospective study based on the available case records for the years 2019, 2020 and 2021(till June). The study was conducted after the reported diphtheria cases in a district. The study was a public health response and intended to provide specific geographical recommendations to the district. The data was recorded from the reported case record and immunization registers. The data were analyzed for defined variables. Results: Out of the 366 cases identified during years 2019-2021.Almost 74% cases have occurred during 2019, with a 7.7% mortality rate. Total 48% of cases were among the age group of 5-10 years, with an increasing number of cases during August-December with specific geographical distribution. Among all the cases, 164 (44.5%) have never taken any vaccine in their lifetime or are unaware of the vaccination status, and 87.9% of cases have not taken third dose of DPT or Pentavalent Vaccine, which is associated statistically with the mortality. Conclusion: The prevalence of diphtheria cases was high in children who have not taken all three doses of DPT or Pentavalent vaccine. These have shown an essential role of immunization, focusing on the vaccine for all doses and need to create a customized awareness communication plan.
{"title":"An Epidemiological Investigation of the Diphtheria Outbreaks Reported in a District of Gujarat","authors":"Harsh D. Shah, J. Patel, Aniket Rana, A. Sinha, M. Fancy","doi":"10.51957/healthline_273_2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_273_2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Mortality and morbidity due to infectious disease have got reduced in the last couple of decades. Diphtheria is one of the infectious diseases which can be preventable with a complete immunization. Objective: To understand trends and identify factors affecting the outbreak of diphtheria in Banaskantha district of Gujarat. Method: A retrospective study based on the available case records for the years 2019, 2020 and 2021(till June). The study was conducted after the reported diphtheria cases in a district. The study was a public health response and intended to provide specific geographical recommendations to the district. The data was recorded from the reported case record and immunization registers. The data were analyzed for defined variables. Results: Out of the 366 cases identified during years 2019-2021.Almost 74% cases have occurred during 2019, with a 7.7% mortality rate. Total 48% of cases were among the age group of 5-10 years, with an increasing number of cases during August-December with specific geographical distribution. Among all the cases, 164 (44.5%) have never taken any vaccine in their lifetime or are unaware of the vaccination status, and 87.9% of cases have not taken third dose of DPT or Pentavalent Vaccine, which is associated statistically with the mortality. Conclusion: The prevalence of diphtheria cases was high in children who have not taken all three doses of DPT or Pentavalent vaccine. These have shown an essential role of immunization, focusing on the vaccine for all doses and need to create a customized awareness communication plan.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43959414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.51957/healthline_264_2021
U. Singh, P. Nair, Darshna Sarvaiya, Aditya Dodiya, Aadil Cyclewala, Abhishek Patel, Ami Atodariya
Introduction: Acne Vulgaris affects nearly 85% of adolescents. Patients with acne shown to have social, psychological, and emotional impairments. Objective: To identify the psychosocial impacts on healthrelated objects of life. Method: This was a hospital-based, cross-sectional study done at rural tertiary care teaching hospital (Shree Krishna hospital) from October 2019 to November 2019 at Karamsad, Gujarat. Patient aged more than15 years with acne vulgaris were included in the study. According to our inclusion criteria, total 152 patients were included in the study. Grading of Acne vulgaris and its sequelae was done by dermatologists and Quality of Life (QoL) was assessed by using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire. Results: Most cases (51.97%) were among 15-20 years. The study population included 61(40%) cases with females exceed males. Facial acne was the most common (64.47%). Acne scars were seen in 85.52% of cases. Also, acne scars were more common in males (45%) than females (40%). On interpreting dermatology life quality index score, it was found that 99 % of patients had elevated DLQI scores and Mean DLQI score was 3.05. Conclusion: This study showed a significant impairment of QoL in acne vulgaris patients. Quality of life worsened with the advancement in age, in chronic acne (longer duration of disease), and increase in severity of acne and the presence of post-acne hyperpigmentation.
{"title":"Assessment of life Quality index among patients with acne vulgaris in a tertiary care hospital, Karamsad, Gujarat: A cross-sectional study","authors":"U. Singh, P. Nair, Darshna Sarvaiya, Aditya Dodiya, Aadil Cyclewala, Abhishek Patel, Ami Atodariya","doi":"10.51957/healthline_264_2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_264_2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acne Vulgaris affects nearly 85% of adolescents. Patients with acne shown to have social, psychological, and emotional impairments. Objective: To identify the psychosocial impacts on healthrelated objects of life. Method: This was a hospital-based, cross-sectional study done at rural tertiary care teaching hospital (Shree Krishna hospital) from October 2019 to November 2019 at Karamsad, Gujarat. Patient aged more than15 years with acne vulgaris were included in the study. According to our inclusion criteria, total 152 patients were included in the study. Grading of Acne vulgaris and its sequelae was done by dermatologists and Quality of Life (QoL) was assessed by using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) questionnaire. Results: Most cases (51.97%) were among 15-20 years. The study population included 61(40%) cases with females exceed males. Facial acne was the most common (64.47%). Acne scars were seen in 85.52% of cases. Also, acne scars were more common in males (45%) than females (40%). On interpreting dermatology life quality index score, it was found that 99 % of patients had elevated DLQI scores and Mean DLQI score was 3.05. Conclusion: This study showed a significant impairment of QoL in acne vulgaris patients. Quality of life worsened with the advancement in age, in chronic acne (longer duration of disease), and increase in severity of acne and the presence of post-acne hyperpigmentation.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49635862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.51957/healthline_270_2021
Gomathy A Nageswaran, Devakumar Indu, Nambisan Bindu
Introduction: Anxiety, depression and stress can cause negative impacts on the foetus and pregnancy. The COVID19 pandemic provides a unique stressor requiring an assessment of its impact in the Indian set up. Objectives:1. To assess prevalence of anxiety and depression among antenatal women attending the antenatal OP at a tertiary care centre during COVID 19 pandemic using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). 2. To determine stress perceived by antenatal women using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Method: Antenatal women attending the outpatient clinic between November 2020 and January 2021 were consecutively enrolled into the study after obtaining consent and a semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The outcome variables, including sociodemographic details, HADS and PSS scores, were analysed using SPSS software, and results expressed appropriately, with quantitative variables expressed as mean and standard deviation, and qualitative variables as proportions. Results: Prevalence of anxiety among antenatal mothers was estimated to be 39%, of which 87.8 % had income below the poverty line. Prevalence of depression was estimated to be 11.4 %. Stress levels were high in 41.9 % of the women. Anxiety showed a positive correlation with stress (correlation coefficient of 0.711). Conclusion: High prevalence of anxiety and stress among antenatal women, especially from poor income backgrounds, points to an urgent need for reassurance and counselling.
{"title":"Prevalence of Anxiety, Depression and Stress among Antenatal Women attending a Tertiary Care Centre in Kerala during COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Gomathy A Nageswaran, Devakumar Indu, Nambisan Bindu","doi":"10.51957/healthline_270_2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51957/healthline_270_2021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Anxiety, depression and stress can cause negative impacts on the foetus and pregnancy. The COVID19 pandemic provides a unique stressor requiring an assessment of its impact in the Indian set up. Objectives:1. To assess prevalence of anxiety and depression among antenatal women attending the antenatal OP at a tertiary care centre during COVID 19 pandemic using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). 2. To determine stress perceived by antenatal women using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Method: Antenatal women attending the outpatient clinic between November 2020 and January 2021 were consecutively enrolled into the study after obtaining consent and a semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The outcome variables, including sociodemographic details, HADS and PSS scores, were analysed using SPSS software, and results expressed appropriately, with quantitative variables expressed as mean and standard deviation, and qualitative variables as proportions. Results: Prevalence of anxiety among antenatal mothers was estimated to be 39%, of which 87.8 % had income below the poverty line. Prevalence of depression was estimated to be 11.4 %. Stress levels were high in 41.9 % of the women. Anxiety showed a positive correlation with stress (correlation coefficient of 0.711). Conclusion: High prevalence of anxiety and stress among antenatal women, especially from poor income backgrounds, points to an urgent need for reassurance and counselling.","PeriodicalId":33836,"journal":{"name":"Healthline","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49327573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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