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Urban eviction in Badia, Lagos: A look at evictees wellbeing and environmental burden 拉各斯巴迪亚的城市驱逐:看被驱逐者的福祉和环境负担
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbdght2101033o
Michael Olatunde, Babatunde Agbola, A. Popoola, B. Adeleye, S. Medayese
Forced eviction remains a contributory factor to urban poverty, loss of accommodation, and displacement among urban poor. By extension, these forcible displacement experiences result in a downward shift in their standard of living; thus, contributing to urban poverty within the urban space. This study examines forced Eviction in the Badia East community of Lagos State, Nigeria, from a human right angle. The study adopted a mixed-method approach. Primary data was obtained from quantitative (structured questionnaire), geospatial analysis, and qualitative data sources (interview), which was conducted with evictees and the Lagos State Physical Planning and Development Agency (LASPPDA) (evictor). The research outcome revealed that the evictees exhibited a nomadic lifestyle, which has, over the years, developed into resilience. The study identified the need for increased public access, location, and provision of some social amenities such as public toilets, bathrooms, and water points to ease the shock of eviction which indirectly translates into environmental degradation. It was concluded that the current and projected pace of urbanization necessitates new approaches to land governance, especially the regulation of informal settlements and forced evictions.
强迫驱逐仍然是造成城市贫困、住房丧失和城市穷人流离失所的一个因素。推而广之,这些被迫流离失所的经历导致他们的生活水平下降;因此,助长了城市空间内的城市贫困。本研究从人权角度考察了尼日利亚拉各斯州Badia East社区的强迫驱逐。本研究采用混合方法。主要数据来自定量(结构化问卷)、地理空间分析和定性数据源(访谈),这些数据来自于被驱逐者和拉各斯州自然规划和发展局(LASPPDA)(驱逐者)。研究结果表明,被驱逐者表现出游牧的生活方式,经过多年的发展,这种生活方式已经发展成适应能力。该研究确定需要增加公共通道、地点和提供一些社会设施,如公共厕所、浴室和供水点,以缓解驱逐带来的冲击,这种冲击间接转化为环境退化。会议的结论是,目前和预计的城市化速度需要采取新的土地管理办法,特别是对非正式住区和强迫驱逐的管制。
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引用次数: 4
Could you see the sea?: Upper Pleistocene sea level fluctuation over the Balkan Peninsula: A review 你能看到大海吗?巴尔干半岛上更新世海平面波动:回顾
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbdght2102078r
M. Radaković
Tectonic movements affected the southern part of the coast the most, while some parts such as Danube delta remained almost untouched through the Upper Pleistocene, covering the last 124.000 years. This is why the reconstruction of the Balkan coast requires multiple proxy data. The chronostratigraphy used in this paper is marine isotope stages, as it allows comparing different records used for paleo environmental reconstruction. The paper is divided into five parts, one for each basin surrounding the Balkan Peninsula: Adriatic, Ionian, Aegean, Marmara and Black Sea basin. All of the basins experienced sudden shrinking in the Last Glacial Maximum, when the sea level fell for ~120 m when the aquatic mollusks entered a population bottleneck, but the terrestrial ones flourished, as their habitat grew. As the Mediterranean territory got submerged again, the migration corridors for the humans disappeared, leaving their traces preserved under the sea level.
构造运动对南部海岸的影响最大,而多瑙河三角洲等部分在上更新世几乎没有受到影响,覆盖了过去的12.4万年。这就是为什么重建巴尔干海岸需要多个代理数据的原因。本文使用的年代地层学是海洋同位素阶段,因为它可以比较用于古环境重建的不同记录。本文分为五个部分,每个部分代表巴尔干半岛周围的盆地:亚得里亚海、爱奥尼亚、爱琴海、马尔马拉和黑海盆地。在末次盛冰期,当海平面下降约120 m时,所有的盆地都经历了突然的萎缩,水生软体动物进入了种群瓶颈,而陆生软体动物则随着栖息地的增加而蓬勃发展。随着地中海地区再次被淹没,人类的迁徙通道消失了,在海平面下留下了他们的痕迹。
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引用次数: 1
Assessment of geographical determinats of water quality in some selected urban residential estates in Ibadan 伊巴丹一些选定的城市住宅区水质地理决定因素的评估
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbdght2102090j
U. Usman
The study assessed water quality in the residential estates of Ibadan North Local Government Area, Oyo state, Nigeria. A purposive sampling technique was used to select 7 estates (Aerodrome, Aare (one of the estates in Bodija), Basorun, Ashi, OLuwokekere, Oluwonla and Ikolaba, because of the high concentration of boreholes there. Consequently, a copy of household pretested questionnaire was systematically administered to 326 respondents in every 5th building, drawn from the selected estates. Issues that raised include the socioeconomic characteristics of respondents, dominant sources of water, water analysis was carried out on the physiochemical (iron, lead and zinc) characteristics, temperature and pH of the water on site and the perceived effect of metals on health of the respondents. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out at p<0.05. The study revealed the water quality in estates are acidic as the pH scale of estates water was between 4.0, and 5.5. the study also revealed Physiochemical parameters to be iron (0.634), lead (0,058) and zinc (0.073). It was revealed that more than 90% of respondents that went for medical checkup were diagnosed with diabetics. Conclusively, the quality of water in the area fell below the acceptable standard. therefore, prospective borehole sinker should carry out water treatment and also follow appropriate planning guideline in the sinking of boreholes.
该研究评估了尼日利亚奥约州伊巴丹北部地方政府地区住宅小区的水质。采用有目的抽样技术选择了7个矿区(Aerodrome、Aare (Bodija的一个矿区)、Basorun、Ashi、OLuwokekere、Oluwonla和Ikolaba),因为这些矿区的钻孔高度集中。因此,我们从选定的屋苑每5幢楼抽取326名受访者,系统地发放了一份住户预测问卷。提出的问题包括答复者的社会经济特征、主要水源、对现场水的物理化学(铁、铅和锌)特征、温度和pH值进行了分析,以及对答复者健康的感知金属影响。描述性和推断性统计均为p<0.05。研究发现,庄园水质呈酸性,庄园水的pH值介于4.0至5.5之间。该研究还揭示了理化参数为铁(0.634),铅(0.058)和锌(0.073)。据调查,接受体检的应答者中有90%以上被诊断为糖尿病。最后,该地区的水质没有达到可接受的标准。因此,准井眼沉井应进行水处理,并在沉井过程中遵循相应的规划准则。
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引用次数: 0
The role of Street art in urban space recognition 街头艺术在城市空间识别中的作用
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbdght2102122p
Zorica Pogrmić, Bojan Đerčan
Street (urban) art is an art form that consists of graffiti, murals, mosaics in urban space. As the process of globalization increasingly affects the form of the city, urban identities have become less noticeable. At the same time, different social forces are trying to create an urban space. In the formation of urban identity , the appearance of the city plays a key role in creating specific spaces inscribed in material artifacts. One of these practices of creating, defending and expanding the free space of social everyday life are works of street art. As a symbolic and moral challenge to the dominant role of the city government, works of street art can be an indicator of changing urban space, as they represent a conflict over the use of public space. Placing art in a public urban space can serve as a means of separating the physical and social characteristics of a place. Street art participates in creating the uniqueness of the location and thus the identity of the city.
街头(城市)艺术是城市空间中由涂鸦、壁画、马赛克等构成的一种艺术形式。随着全球化进程对城市形态的影响越来越大,城市身份变得越来越不引人注目。与此同时,不同的社会力量试图创造一个城市空间。在城市身份的形成过程中,城市的外观在创造特定的空间中起着关键的作用。这些创造、捍卫和拓展社会日常生活自由空间的实践之一就是街头艺术作品。作为对城市政府主导地位的象征性和道德挑战,街头艺术作品可以作为城市空间变化的一个指标,因为它们代表了对公共空间使用的冲突。将艺术放置在公共城市空间中可以作为一种分离地方的物理特征和社会特征的手段。街头艺术参与创造地点的独特性,从而创造城市的身份。
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引用次数: 2
Cycling in the city: Novi Sad on its way to become more bike-friendly city through the social activism 城市中的自行车:通过社会活动,诺维萨德正在成为一个更适合自行车的城市
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbdght2101024k
Ivana Komadina
Novi Sad is a city with great potential for becoming a major cycling city. However, there have been certain obstacles standing in the way. Via survey, people who cycle expressed their satisfaction with the number of parking spots, storage space at home, safety in traffic, quality of cycling paths, and density of cycling paths. On the other hand, a group that does not cycle was asked for reasons behind it as well as for their opinion on how to involve more cyclists. Furthermore, we tried to illustrate the importance of social activism in promoting cycling as well as its role in implementing new social policies. This paper offers an insight into the origins of the present issues while presenting potential solutions based on already implemented methods from other major cycling capitals. Overall we propose novel approaches to tackling this issue with the hope of using this research for making the future policy more coherently and continuously. Only with a multidisciplinary and integrative approach from different parts of the community, Novi Sad can fulfill its potential to become a safe and efficient area for cyclists.
诺维萨德是一个极有潜力成为主要自行车城市的城市。然而,在这一过程中存在着一些障碍。通过调查,骑自行车的人对停车位的数量、家里的储物空间、交通安全、自行车道的质量和自行车道的密度表示满意。另一方面,一组不骑自行车的人被问及背后的原因,以及他们对如何让更多骑自行车的人参与进来的意见。此外,我们试图说明社会行动主义在促进自行车运动中的重要性,以及它在实施新的社会政策中的作用。本文深入分析了当前问题的根源,同时提出了基于其他主要自行车之都已经实施的方法的潜在解决方案。总的来说,我们提出了解决这一问题的新方法,希望利用这项研究使未来的政策更加连贯和持续。只有从社区的不同部分采取多学科和综合的方法,诺维萨德才能发挥其潜力,成为一个安全高效的骑自行车者地区。
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引用次数: 0
Theft and embezzlement: Problems of successful business operations of hospitality facilities 盗窃和侵占:酒店设施成功经营的问题
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbdght2102132k
Bojana Kalenjuk-Pivarski, B. Grubor, G. Radivojević, A. Vasić
Hospitality is characterized by businesses in direct contact with money, expensive food and drink, which often causes problems due to theft and embezzlement performed by unsatisfied employees. Research on the topic is a very broad, but under-researched field. The subject of this paper is theft and embezzlement in business operations of hospitality facilities in AP Vojvodina. The objective of this paper is to provide answers regarding the frequency of the problem occurring upon reception of and storing food and beverages, work with the cash register and means of payment, as well as other operations. The aim of this paper is to indicate the necessity of more professional monitoring of business, that is, finding a solution to this problem in hospitality facilities. To acquire more relevant data on the frequency of theft and embezzlement in hospitality facilities serving food and beverages, we conducted a survey of the management in facilities in AP Vojvodina (the northern region of Serbia).
酒店业的特点是与金钱,昂贵的食物和饮料直接接触的业务,这往往会引起问题,因为不满意的员工进行盗窃和挪用。对这一主题的研究是一个非常广泛但研究不足的领域。本文的主题是盗窃和盗用在AP伏伊伏丁那接待设施的业务操作。本文的目的是提供关于在接收和储存食品和饮料,与收银机和支付手段以及其他操作中发生的问题频率的答案。本文的目的是指出对业务进行更专业监控的必要性,也就是说,找到解决酒店设施中这一问题的方法。为了获得更多有关食品和饮料招待设施盗窃和挪用公款频率的相关数据,我们对上伏伊伏丁那省(塞尔维亚北部地区)的设施管理情况进行了调查。
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引用次数: 0
Landslide susceptibility mapping using GIS along the Niš-North Macedonia highway 利用地理信息系统绘制Niš-North马其顿高速公路沿线的滑坡易感性图
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbdght2101001t
Dajana Tešić
Landslide events are a serious challenge worldwide, as well as in the Republic of Serbia. According to current estimates, 25-30% of the territory of Serbia is endangered by landslides. Due to intensive landslides, residential, infrastructural, energy, water management and industrial facilities, as well as natural and cultural goods are endangered. The subject of this paper is the use of GIS for the production of a landslide susceptibility map (LSM) in the area of the corridor of the highway E-75, section Niš - border of the Republic of Northern Macedonia. Emphasis is placed on the analysis of certain factors that influence the landslide events, as well as on the modifiers of the process itself. In this paper the following factors were selected for the assessment and susceptibility mapping: lithology, pedological factors, precipitation, aspect, slope, distance from watercourses, land use and distance from roads. The AHP method was then used to determine the relative significance and priority of predisposing factors. The layers were overlapped using ArcGISPro software. The results show that 17.2% of the surface is not susceptible (very low and low susceptibility), and 31.9% of the surface is prone to landslide events (high and very high susceptibility). The remaining 49.1% of the area belongs to the area of moderate susceptibility. Adding to this dense road network in the study area, as well as a large number of populated places, it can be concluded that the damage from the activation of the landslide would be significant. The results suggest that 60.7 km of the highway is in an area of high and greatest risk of landslides.
山体滑坡事件是全世界以及塞尔维亚共和国面临的严峻挑战。根据目前的估计,塞尔维亚25-30%的领土受到山体滑坡的威胁。由于密集的山体滑坡,住宅、基础设施、能源、水管理和工业设施以及自然和文化产品受到威胁。本文的主题是利用地理信息系统在北马其顿共和国尼什边境段E-75高速公路走廊地区制作滑坡易感性地图(LSM)。重点放在对影响滑坡事件的某些因素的分析,以及对过程本身的修正。本文选取了岩性、土壤因素、降水、坡向、坡度、与河道的距离、土地利用和与道路的距离等因素进行评价和敏感性作图。然后采用层次分析法确定易感因素的相对显著性和优先级。使用ArcGISPro软件进行图层重叠。结果表明:17.2%的地表不敏感(极低敏感性和低敏感性),31.9%的地表易发生滑坡事件(高敏感性和极高敏感性)。其余49.1%为中等易感区。考虑到研究区域密集的道路网络,以及大量的人口稠密的地方,可以得出结论,滑坡激活的破坏将是显著的。结果表明,60.7公里的高速公路处于滑坡高发区和最大危险区。
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引用次数: 0
Vegetarian diet: Perceptions and attitudes of hospitality management 素食:酒店管理的观念和态度
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbdght2101070s
Stefan Šmugović, Bojana Kalenjuk-Pivarski, B. Grubor, Natalija Knežević
Vegetarianism is characterized by a great expansion among consumers as well as food producers and suppliers, which significantly affects supply in the hospitality business. Although vegetarians are perceived as a homogenous group, they are a varied and heterogeneous group, depending on the consumed foodstuffs, which requires hospitality workers to offer a wide variety of meals and combinations of plant origin. This is the reason why this research aims to show attitudes of restaurant management towards vegetarian cuisine and to examine the orientation of restaurants towards vegetarian meals, as well as challenges faced by employees in the hospitality industry. The basic task is to examine and present attitudes of hospitality management towards vegetarian food. The aim of the overall research is to get a better insight into awareness and attitudes of hospitality management towards foods of vegetarian origin, which is reflected in the restaurant offer.
素食主义的特点是在消费者以及食品生产商和供应商中大量扩张,这极大地影响了酒店业的供应。虽然素食者被认为是一个同质的群体,但他们是一个多样化和异质的群体,这取决于所消费的食物,这就要求酒店工作人员提供各种各样的膳食和植物来源的组合。这就是为什么这项研究旨在展示餐厅管理对素食的态度,并研究餐厅对素食餐的取向,以及酒店业员工面临的挑战。基本任务是检查和介绍酒店管理对素食的态度。整体研究的目的是为了更好地了解酒店管理对素食食品的认识和态度,这反映在餐厅的报价上。
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引用次数: 3
Variability and trends of precipitation on lowand high-altitude stations in Serbia 塞尔维亚低海拔和高海拔台站降水的变率和趋势
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbdght2101014l
I. Leščešen, D. Milošević, R. Stojsavljević
For the trend analysis of the annual, seasonal and monthly precipitation linear regression and Mann-Kendall (MK) tests at the 5% significance level were applied. In this study, precipitation data from two stations in Serbia for the 1949-2019 period were used. Results indicate that increasing trends of precipitation for the selected station can be observed but these trends were not statistically significant according to MK test. Then again, MK test has shown that only on Palić station during autumn precipitations have statistically significant increase during the observed period with a p value of 0.0441 at the significant level p=0.005.
年、季、月降水趋势分析采用线性回归和5%显著性水平下的Mann-Kendall (MK)检验。在本研究中,使用了塞尔维亚两个站点1949-2019年期间的降水数据。结果表明,所选站点的降水有增加趋势,但MK检验不具有统计学意义。MK检验再次表明,只有在paliki站秋季降水在观测期内有统计学显著增加,p值为0.0441,显著水平p=0.005。
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引用次数: 0
International cheeses in the focus of consumers: Connoisseurship, selection and preferences 国际奶酪在消费者的焦点:鉴赏,选择和偏好
Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.5937/zbdght2102141s
Stefan Šmugović, Natalija Knežević, Velibor Ivanović
International cheeses present an important factor in gastronomy of many catering establishments. The expansion of the market influenced the expansion of the great variety of cheeses among consumers. Branding, origin protection of some types of cheese, its packing and exploitation on the market enabled the expansion of cheeses all over the world. This expansion is important because it facilitates the selection and safety for buyers, while increasing market demands as well as expanding to new market branches for the manufacturers. The subject of this study is international cheeses that are available to domestic market, as well as the preferences of the consumers. Our task is to depict the basic connoisseur-ship of international cheeses in the focus of the consumers , as well as the factors that influence their shopping preferences. Our aim is to establish the levels of that connoisseur-ship and if it influences consumers' preferences in buying some types of cheeses.
国际奶酪在许多餐饮机构的烹饪中是一个重要的因素。市场的扩大影响了消费者中奶酪种类的扩大。一些奶酪的品牌、原产地保护、包装和市场开发使奶酪在世界范围内的扩张成为可能。这种扩展很重要,因为它有利于买家的选择和安全,同时增加了市场需求,并为制造商扩展到新的市场分支。本研究的主题是国内市场上的国际奶酪,以及消费者的偏好。我们的任务是描绘消费者关注的国际奶酪的基本鉴赏家身份,以及影响他们购物偏好的因素。我们的目标是确定鉴赏家的水平,以及它是否会影响消费者购买某些类型奶酪的偏好。
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引用次数: 0
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Zbornik radova Departmana za geografiju turizam i hotelijerstvo
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