Pub Date : 2021-06-15DOI: 10.33762/mjbu.2021.129641.1067
Zaid Zaki, N. Mohammad
{"title":"Effect of Reformation of the Anterior Chamber by Air or by Ringer’s lactate solution on Corneal Endothelial count and morphology after Phacoemulsification","authors":"Zaid Zaki, N. Mohammad","doi":"10.33762/mjbu.2021.129641.1067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33762/mjbu.2021.129641.1067","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33859,"journal":{"name":"The Medical Journal of Basrah University","volume":"312 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79998911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-15DOI: 10.33762/mjbu.2021.128922.1049
A. Abbasi, Haider Saeed
{"title":"TINNITUS AND VERTIGO IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE ON HEMODIALYSIS IN BASRA HEMODIALYSIS CENTER","authors":"A. Abbasi, Haider Saeed","doi":"10.33762/mjbu.2021.128922.1049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33762/mjbu.2021.128922.1049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33859,"journal":{"name":"The Medical Journal of Basrah University","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73640260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-15DOI: 10.33762/mjbu.2021.127780.1027
Ban Dohan, S. Habib, Abbas Abd Khazal
Growth problems represent an important complication in children and adolescent with Type1 diabetes mellitus and poor metabolic control seems to impact their growth velocity. Aim: to assess the nutritional status in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, in relation to selected patients variables. Methods: a case-control study has been carried out to assess the nutritional status of sixty-one patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus; and eighty-two age and sex matched healthy children as control group; their ages ranged from 3-14 year, from the 1 of October 2016 till 15th of March 2017. Results: The mean age of diabetic patients was (10.3±3.02) years; (60.66%) belong to large family size with low education. Diabetic patients significantly belong to families with poor financial support and income in (45.9%) compared to the control group (26.8%) (p value 0.02), as well as those undernourished diabetic children significantly belongs to families with poor income than those with normal nutritional status (75%, 38%) respectively. Body mass index was significantly below 5 percentile in diabetic patients than the controls (19.68 %, 2.4 %) respectively; P value 0.001. History of inadequate dietary intake was recorded in 66.67% of patients; significantly related to undernutrition in diabetics patients than controls (P value 0.002). Undernutrition in diabetic children significantly associated with poor glycemic control with significantly high level of HbA1c (13.9±9.57) than those without undernutrition (10.6±5.28) respectively. Conclusion: Frequent evaluation of diabetic children is required to overcome the problem of undernutrition in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
{"title":"Nutritional Status of Children and Adolescents with Type1 Diabetes Mellitus in Basra","authors":"Ban Dohan, S. Habib, Abbas Abd Khazal","doi":"10.33762/mjbu.2021.127780.1027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33762/mjbu.2021.127780.1027","url":null,"abstract":"Growth problems represent an important complication in children and adolescent with Type1 diabetes mellitus and poor metabolic control seems to impact their growth velocity. Aim: to assess the nutritional status in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus, in relation to selected patients variables. Methods: a case-control study has been carried out to assess the nutritional status of sixty-one patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus; and eighty-two age and sex matched healthy children as control group; their ages ranged from 3-14 year, from the 1 of October 2016 till 15th of March 2017. Results: The mean age of diabetic patients was (10.3±3.02) years; (60.66%) belong to large family size with low education. Diabetic patients significantly belong to families with poor financial support and income in (45.9%) compared to the control group (26.8%) (p value 0.02), as well as those undernourished diabetic children significantly belongs to families with poor income than those with normal nutritional status (75%, 38%) respectively. Body mass index was significantly below 5 percentile in diabetic patients than the controls (19.68 %, 2.4 %) respectively; P value 0.001. History of inadequate dietary intake was recorded in 66.67% of patients; significantly related to undernutrition in diabetics patients than controls (P value 0.002). Undernutrition in diabetic children significantly associated with poor glycemic control with significantly high level of HbA1c (13.9±9.57) than those without undernutrition (10.6±5.28) respectively. Conclusion: Frequent evaluation of diabetic children is required to overcome the problem of undernutrition in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":33859,"journal":{"name":"The Medical Journal of Basrah University","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88580550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.33762/mjbu.2021.130218.1071
Alaa Abed, D. Abdulwahid, Haider A. Jassim
{"title":"National Health Systems Response to COVID-19 Outbreak, Iraq an Example","authors":"Alaa Abed, D. Abdulwahid, Haider A. Jassim","doi":"10.33762/mjbu.2021.130218.1071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33762/mjbu.2021.130218.1071","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":33859,"journal":{"name":"The Medical Journal of Basrah University","volume":"143 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86178451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.33762/mjbu.2021.128851.1045
Jasim Al Asadi, Sadiq Mousa
Background: COVID-19 infection in pregnancy raised concerns about the risk of intrauterine vertical transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 from mother to fetus. Objectives: To review the current evidence on the possibility of intrauterine vertical transmission potential among COVID19 infected pregnant mothers. Methods: Eligible studies published from December 2019 until August 1, 2020, were searched for from PubMed, PubMed Central, Google scholar, medRxiv, and bioRxiv collection databases using MeSH-compliant keywords including COVID19, pregnancy, intrauterine vertical transmission, Coronavirus 2019, SARS-CoV-2, 2019-nCoV, and maternal-fetal
{"title":"Intrauterine vertical transmission of COVID-19 during pregnancy: A systematic review","authors":"Jasim Al Asadi, Sadiq Mousa","doi":"10.33762/mjbu.2021.128851.1045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33762/mjbu.2021.128851.1045","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID-19 infection in pregnancy raised concerns about the risk of intrauterine vertical transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 from mother to fetus. Objectives: To review the current evidence on the possibility of intrauterine vertical transmission potential among COVID19 infected pregnant mothers. Methods: Eligible studies published from December 2019 until August 1, 2020, were searched for from PubMed, PubMed Central, Google scholar, medRxiv, and bioRxiv collection databases using MeSH-compliant keywords including COVID19, pregnancy, intrauterine vertical transmission, Coronavirus 2019, SARS-CoV-2, 2019-nCoV, and maternal-fetal","PeriodicalId":33859,"journal":{"name":"The Medical Journal of Basrah University","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73236884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.33762/mjbu.2021.129847.1068
Waseem F. Al-Tameemi, Zahra’a Shakir
Objectives: In Iraq, leukemia is the 4 most common cancer, and acute promyelocytic leukemia contributes to 2.83% and 3.18% of leukemia in Iraqi males and females respectively. The aim of this study is to review the presentation and management outcome of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia in Iraq. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted over the period of 15 months in different hematology centers. A total of 58 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia were enrolled in this study (53 newly diagnosed and 5 relapsed cases). Diagnosis was based on morphology with or without cytogenetic study. Results: The mean age was 33.1±13.8 years, with slight female predominance. Most cases presented at winter season (39.7%). Sanz severity scoring classification of patients as (25.9%) with low risk, (53.4%) intermediate risk, and (20.6%) high risk disease. Induction protocol consist of chemotherapy plus ATRA in (58%), while (36.2%) received only ATRA plus ATO. At the end of induction, (86.2%) of patients had complete remission, while only 13.8% had failure of induction and death. Induction mortality was higher in those who had received chemotherapy-based regimens. At relapse, a second complete remission had been achieved in 4 out of 5 cases (80%). Conclusion: There is a predilection of acute promyelocytic leukemia to young age group and winter season presentation. The choice of non-chemotherapy regimens, especially for the low and intermediate risk group, showed no drawback in complete remission rate. Disease outcome in Iraq has improved over several years due to increasing experience with using different regimen.
{"title":"Overview of Iraqi experience in management of acute promyelocytic leukemia","authors":"Waseem F. Al-Tameemi, Zahra’a Shakir","doi":"10.33762/mjbu.2021.129847.1068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33762/mjbu.2021.129847.1068","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: In Iraq, leukemia is the 4 most common cancer, and acute promyelocytic leukemia contributes to 2.83% and 3.18% of leukemia in Iraqi males and females respectively. The aim of this study is to review the presentation and management outcome of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia in Iraq. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted over the period of 15 months in different hematology centers. A total of 58 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia were enrolled in this study (53 newly diagnosed and 5 relapsed cases). Diagnosis was based on morphology with or without cytogenetic study. Results: The mean age was 33.1±13.8 years, with slight female predominance. Most cases presented at winter season (39.7%). Sanz severity scoring classification of patients as (25.9%) with low risk, (53.4%) intermediate risk, and (20.6%) high risk disease. Induction protocol consist of chemotherapy plus ATRA in (58%), while (36.2%) received only ATRA plus ATO. At the end of induction, (86.2%) of patients had complete remission, while only 13.8% had failure of induction and death. Induction mortality was higher in those who had received chemotherapy-based regimens. At relapse, a second complete remission had been achieved in 4 out of 5 cases (80%). Conclusion: There is a predilection of acute promyelocytic leukemia to young age group and winter season presentation. The choice of non-chemotherapy regimens, especially for the low and intermediate risk group, showed no drawback in complete remission rate. Disease outcome in Iraq has improved over several years due to increasing experience with using different regimen.","PeriodicalId":33859,"journal":{"name":"The Medical Journal of Basrah University","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89721743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-16DOI: 10.33762/MJBU.2020.128833.1044
Zahraa Jasim, K. Hamdi, S. Dhaher, Z. Hadi, Hayder Aledan, Muhammed Ahmed, Z. Tariq
Background and objectives: A wide arrays of skin lesions occurred in the setting of COVID-19 infection. We aimed to estimate the incidence and types of skin lesions among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection. Methods: We conducted an observational cohort study on 369 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection at Basra Teaching Hospital for 3 months. We studied the incidence and types of skin lesions. Results: Among 369 hospitalized patients, skin lesions were developed in 5%. Of those who developed skin lesions, 33% were asymptomatic. Skin lesions were more frequent in young females (83.3%). The most frequent type of skin lesion was maculopapular 44.3% which occurred exclusively in the medical ward and half of them in asymptomatic patients. For pustular lesions, all were female, diabetic, in the ICU, in symptomatic patients with the highest levels of serum C-reactive proteins. Pseudo-chilblain lesions were reported only in younger female and half of patients were asymptomatic. Urticarial lesions were reported in the younger patients, two-thirds were symptomatic and in the ICU. Purpuric lesions were reported in the older patient who developed acute kidney injury. Extremities were the most common distribution of skin lesions in 38.8%. The mean latency period for development of skin lesions was 8.6 ± 9.1, the shortest for urticarial lesions and the longest for purpuric lesions. Conclusions: Different types of skin lesions were reported in patients with COVID-19 and may be the sole manifestations of the disease.
{"title":"Incidence and Characterization of Skin Lesions Among Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 infection: An Observational Cohort Study from Iraq","authors":"Zahraa Jasim, K. Hamdi, S. Dhaher, Z. Hadi, Hayder Aledan, Muhammed Ahmed, Z. Tariq","doi":"10.33762/MJBU.2020.128833.1044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33762/MJBU.2020.128833.1044","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: A wide arrays of skin lesions occurred in the setting of COVID-19 infection. We aimed to estimate the incidence and types of skin lesions among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection. Methods: We conducted an observational cohort study on 369 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 infection at Basra Teaching Hospital for 3 months. We studied the incidence and types of skin lesions. Results: Among 369 hospitalized patients, skin lesions were developed in 5%. Of those who developed skin lesions, 33% were asymptomatic. Skin lesions were more frequent in young females (83.3%). The most frequent type of skin lesion was maculopapular 44.3% which occurred exclusively in the medical ward and half of them in asymptomatic patients. For pustular lesions, all were female, diabetic, in the ICU, in symptomatic patients with the highest levels of serum C-reactive proteins. Pseudo-chilblain lesions were reported only in younger female and half of patients were asymptomatic. Urticarial lesions were reported in the younger patients, two-thirds were symptomatic and in the ICU. Purpuric lesions were reported in the older patient who developed acute kidney injury. Extremities were the most common distribution of skin lesions in 38.8%. The mean latency period for development of skin lesions was 8.6 ± 9.1, the shortest for urticarial lesions and the longest for purpuric lesions. Conclusions: Different types of skin lesions were reported in patients with COVID-19 and may be the sole manifestations of the disease.","PeriodicalId":33859,"journal":{"name":"The Medical Journal of Basrah University","volume":"133 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72488278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.33762/MJBU.2020.127147.1018
J. Ahmed, Ali Mohammed Al-Rawaq
Background: An interaction has been reported between Nigella Sativa (NS) and ranitidine (RAN) on gastric ulceration induced by ethanol in rabbits; the combination of NS and RAN caused disappearance of anti-ulcer effect of NS or RAN. Objective: to investigate interaction of NS with the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole (OMP) on ethanol induced gastric ulceration in rabbits. Methods: 24 mature rabbits were divided into 4 groups. The animals were fasted for 48 hours then divided as follow: group 1, 2, 3 and 4 were treated respectively with normal saline (orally), NS oil (10ml/kg) orally, OMP (20mg/kg) by intraperitoneal (IP) injection, and NS+ OMP. One hour later, animals were given absolute ethanol orally; and sacrificed 3 hours later for estimation of Ulcer index (UI), gastric pH, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and histamine (HIS) concentrations in serum and gastric tissue. Results: Ethanol induced gastric ulceration in all animals with an UI of 10 ± 0.11 mm. This effect was paralleled with reduction in gastric pH, increased MDA and HIS and reduction in GSH. UI was reduced to 5.13 ± 0.68 mm in NS group, P value = 0.07 and to around zero in OMP group. NS or OMP treatment resulted in reduction in serum and tissue MDA and HIS concentrations and increased in GSH and gastric pH levels. In NS + OMP treated group, UI became higher than OMP group with MDA and HIS tended to rise and GSH and gastric pH declined. Conclusion: NS + OMP diminished the gastro-protective effect of either NS or OMP. Corresponding author: Jawad H. Ahmed (PhD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Basrah, Iraq. Email: jawadahmed_basmed@yahoo.com Mobile: +9647801392576
背景:报道了尼ella Sativa (NS)和雷尼替丁(RAN)对乙醇致家兔胃溃疡的相互作用;NS与RAN合用导致NS或RAN的抗溃疡作用消失。目的:探讨NS与质子泵抑制剂奥美拉唑(OMP)对乙醇致家兔胃溃疡的相互作用。方法:24只成年家兔随机分为4组。禁食48 h后分为:1、2、3、4组分别给予生理盐水(口服)、NS油(10ml/kg)、OMP (20mg/kg)腹腔注射、NS+ OMP。1小时后，动物口服无水乙醇;3 h后处死，测定血清和胃组织中溃疡指数(UI)、胃pH、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)和组胺(HIS)浓度。结果:乙醇诱导小鼠胃溃疡发生率均为10±0.11 mm。这种作用与胃pH降低，MDA和HIS升高以及GSH降低相平行。NS组UI降至5.13±0.68 mm, P值= 0.07,OMP组UI降至零左右。NS或OMP治疗导致血清和组织MDA和HIS浓度降低，GSH和胃pH水平升高。NS + OMP治疗组UI高于OMP组，MDA和HIS呈升高趋势，GSH和胃pH下降。结论:NS + OMP均可降低NS或OMP的胃保护作用。通讯作者:Jawad H. Ahmed(博士)，伊拉克巴士拉大学医学院药学系。邮箱:jawadahmed_basmed@yahoo.com手机:+9647801392576
{"title":"The anti ulcer effect of omeprazole is modified by Nigella sativa (Black Cumin) in ethanol induced gastric ulceration in rabbits","authors":"J. Ahmed, Ali Mohammed Al-Rawaq","doi":"10.33762/MJBU.2020.127147.1018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33762/MJBU.2020.127147.1018","url":null,"abstract":"Background: An interaction has been reported between Nigella Sativa (NS) and ranitidine (RAN) on gastric ulceration induced by ethanol in rabbits; the combination of NS and RAN caused disappearance of anti-ulcer effect of NS or RAN. Objective: to investigate interaction of NS with the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole (OMP) on ethanol induced gastric ulceration in rabbits. Methods: 24 mature rabbits were divided into 4 groups. The animals were fasted for 48 hours then divided as follow: group 1, 2, 3 and 4 were treated respectively with normal saline (orally), NS oil (10ml/kg) orally, OMP (20mg/kg) by intraperitoneal (IP) injection, and NS+ OMP. One hour later, animals were given absolute ethanol orally; and sacrificed 3 hours later for estimation of Ulcer index (UI), gastric pH, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and histamine (HIS) concentrations in serum and gastric tissue. Results: Ethanol induced gastric ulceration in all animals with an UI of 10 ± 0.11 mm. This effect was paralleled with reduction in gastric pH, increased MDA and HIS and reduction in GSH. UI was reduced to 5.13 ± 0.68 mm in NS group, P value = 0.07 and to around zero in OMP group. NS or OMP treatment resulted in reduction in serum and tissue MDA and HIS concentrations and increased in GSH and gastric pH levels. In NS + OMP treated group, UI became higher than OMP group with MDA and HIS tended to rise and GSH and gastric pH declined. Conclusion: NS + OMP diminished the gastro-protective effect of either NS or OMP. Corresponding author: Jawad H. Ahmed (PhD), Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Basrah, Iraq. Email: jawadahmed_basmed@yahoo.com Mobile: +9647801392576","PeriodicalId":33859,"journal":{"name":"The Medical Journal of Basrah University","volume":"138 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77411513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-15DOI: 10.33762/MJBU.2020.128305.1036
O. Habib, Dhurgham A Abdul-Wahid, N. Khudair, N. Mohammed, R. A. Al-Hilfi
Background: Despite the passage of eight months since the start of COVID-19 pandemic, it still represents a major public health problem at global, regional and national levels. Objective: To present comparative outcome indicators and time trends for the pandemic among countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and to discuss possible determinants behind such trends. Methods: We used data on all newly reported cases of COVID-19 infection from the start of the pandemic in each EMR country till the 5 of August, 2020. Three sources of data were used: the World Health Organization Websites and two private website reporting cases of world countries. Numbers were directly abstracted from these sources and Excel programme functions were used to make graphic presentations. Verification of numbers were made with data reported by health authorities in these studied countries. Results: As on August 5,2020 countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region varied substantially in scale of the incidence rate per million population (from highest of 38939.1 in Qatar to lowest of 54.2 in Syria), the case fatality (closed case fatality ratio) ranged from lowest of 0.2% in Qatar to the highest of 37.0% in Yemen. Cause-specific mortality rate ranged from 1.1 to 212.5 per million population in Jordan and Iran respectively. Testing policy was the main determinant of reported cases. Despite the decline in the scale of daily cases, none of the countries has reached a stage of clear exit (zero cases). Conclusion: Most of the countries are experiencing a pattern of accelerated pandemic and are heading towards declining trend. Few are experiencing continued rise or resurgence and threats to re-emerge are impending. Reopening is a real challenge and careful scientific evidence based exit might be possible.
{"title":"The Pandemic of COVID-19 in Eastern Mediterranean Region: Selected Outcome Parameters","authors":"O. Habib, Dhurgham A Abdul-Wahid, N. Khudair, N. Mohammed, R. A. Al-Hilfi","doi":"10.33762/MJBU.2020.128305.1036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33762/MJBU.2020.128305.1036","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Despite the passage of eight months since the start of COVID-19 pandemic, it still represents a major public health problem at global, regional and national levels. Objective: To present comparative outcome indicators and time trends for the pandemic among countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and to discuss possible determinants behind such trends. Methods: We used data on all newly reported cases of COVID-19 infection from the start of the pandemic in each EMR country till the 5 of August, 2020. Three sources of data were used: the World Health Organization Websites and two private website reporting cases of world countries. Numbers were directly abstracted from these sources and Excel programme functions were used to make graphic presentations. Verification of numbers were made with data reported by health authorities in these studied countries. Results: As on August 5,2020 countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region varied substantially in scale of the incidence rate per million population (from highest of 38939.1 in Qatar to lowest of 54.2 in Syria), the case fatality (closed case fatality ratio) ranged from lowest of 0.2% in Qatar to the highest of 37.0% in Yemen. Cause-specific mortality rate ranged from 1.1 to 212.5 per million population in Jordan and Iran respectively. Testing policy was the main determinant of reported cases. Despite the decline in the scale of daily cases, none of the countries has reached a stage of clear exit (zero cases). Conclusion: Most of the countries are experiencing a pattern of accelerated pandemic and are heading towards declining trend. Few are experiencing continued rise or resurgence and threats to re-emerge are impending. Reopening is a real challenge and careful scientific evidence based exit might be possible.","PeriodicalId":33859,"journal":{"name":"The Medical Journal of Basrah University","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89978856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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