E. Yusibani, Ikramullah Ikramullah, E. Yufita, Z. Jalil, E. Suhendi
The effect of variations in temperature and roasting time on the physical properties of coffee beans originating from the Gayo highlands with Arabica and Robusta types have been studied in this paper. Physical properties measured include weight loss, true density, porosity, and water content. The measurement procedure follows Standard Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 01-2907-2008. Three roasting levels were used in this study, i.e., Light Roast (159 -164 °C), Medium Roast (211 - 215 °C), and Dark Roast (above 232 °C) by an oven. The result showed that the weight loss for Arabica and Robusta coffee beans is from 11 - 19% and 14 - 29%, respectively. The true density for Arabica and Robusta coffee beans ranged from 0.905 - 1.085 g/cm3 and 0.950 - 1.156 g/cm3, respectively. The difference in porosity changes before and after roasting was 23 - 73% for Arabica and 33 - 68% for Robusta coffee beans. Meanwhile, the water content of Arabica and Robusta coffee beans after roasting is 0.7 - 5% and 0.6 - 6%, respectively. The value of the weight loss, true density, and water content of Arabica is lower than that of the Robusta coffee bean, while the porosity value of Arabica is higher than that of the Robusta coffee bean.
{"title":"The Effect of Temperature and Roasting Time on The Physical Properties of Arabica and Robusta Gayo Coffee Bean","authors":"E. Yusibani, Ikramullah Ikramullah, E. Yufita, Z. Jalil, E. Suhendi","doi":"10.55043/jaast.v7i2.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55043/jaast.v7i2.75","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of variations in temperature and roasting time on the physical properties of coffee beans originating from the Gayo highlands with Arabica and Robusta types have been studied in this paper. Physical properties measured include weight loss, true density, porosity, and water content. The measurement procedure follows Standard Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 01-2907-2008. Three roasting levels were used in this study, i.e., Light Roast (159 -164 °C), Medium Roast (211 - 215 °C), and Dark Roast (above 232 °C) by an oven. The result showed that the weight loss for Arabica and Robusta coffee beans is from 11 - 19% and 14 - 29%, respectively. The true density for Arabica and Robusta coffee beans ranged from 0.905 - 1.085 g/cm3 and 0.950 - 1.156 g/cm3, respectively. The difference in porosity changes before and after roasting was 23 - 73% for Arabica and 33 - 68% for Robusta coffee beans. Meanwhile, the water content of Arabica and Robusta coffee beans after roasting is 0.7 - 5% and 0.6 - 6%, respectively. The value of the weight loss, true density, and water content of Arabica is lower than that of the Robusta coffee bean, while the porosity value of Arabica is higher than that of the Robusta coffee bean.","PeriodicalId":33922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76284939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research focuses on predicting the streamflow of the Anai-weir catchment using the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tools) and Mock models. The catchment studied is approximately 34,024 ha wide. The rainfall and climatological data were collected from the three nearest rainfall stations, namely Kandang IV (13.8 km far), Kasang (15.2 km far), and Sicincin Stations (11.2 km far), from 2010 to 2019. The first research methodology is to delineate the catchment, form a Hydrologic Response Unit (HRU), and then enter the climatological data into the SWAT model to estimate the daily streamflow. This daily streamflow is then averaged over a semi-monthly period. The second research methodology is to estimate an evapotranspiration depth based on the climatological data using the Modified Penman method, and then predict the semi-monthly average-daily streamflow using the Mock model. The results obtained from both methods are then compared with the Anai-weir AWLR-data. The average results from each method, namely, the SWAT model, the Mock model, and the AWLR data have the same tendency, but the Mock model results are closer than the SWAT model results to the AWLR data. This indicates that the Mock model is more suitable than the SWAT model for the existing data conditions. Even though the SWAT model considers more variables than the Mock model does.
{"title":"Prediction of Streamflow of the Anai-Weir Catchment Using Both the SWAT and Mock Models","authors":"M. Mera, Siti Hawa Binti Yusmardi, J. Junaidi","doi":"10.55043/jaast.v7i2.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55043/jaast.v7i2.96","url":null,"abstract":"This research focuses on predicting the streamflow of the Anai-weir catchment using the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tools) and Mock models. The catchment studied is approximately 34,024 ha wide. The rainfall and climatological data were collected from the three nearest rainfall stations, namely Kandang IV (13.8 km far), Kasang (15.2 km far), and Sicincin Stations (11.2 km far), from 2010 to 2019. The first research methodology is to delineate the catchment, form a Hydrologic Response Unit (HRU), and then enter the climatological data into the SWAT model to estimate the daily streamflow. This daily streamflow is then averaged over a semi-monthly period. The second research methodology is to estimate an evapotranspiration depth based on the climatological data using the Modified Penman method, and then predict the semi-monthly average-daily streamflow using the Mock model. The results obtained from both methods are then compared with the Anai-weir AWLR-data. The average results from each method, namely, the SWAT model, the Mock model, and the AWLR data have the same tendency, but the Mock model results are closer than the SWAT model results to the AWLR data. This indicates that the Mock model is more suitable than the SWAT model for the existing data conditions. Even though the SWAT model considers more variables than the Mock model does.","PeriodicalId":33922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90565729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Self-rising starch is a development product of self-rising flour. This product minimizes the process, especially in the salt and leavening agent weighing stage, so that it reduces the time in the serving process. Self-rising flour is generally made of wheat flour. Currently, due to some medical considerations, many people cannot consume this product. Based on some research results, gluten compound in wheat flour or wheat triggers for the development of type-1 diabetes. This fact has caused Indonesia to be ranked fifth in the world for the diabetic diseases. Thus, one of the ways to overcome this problem is by utilizing the raw materials originating from Indonesia too, namely tubers. Indonesia has a variety of tubers. Some of these tubers, however, have not been explored. These tubers have not only the function as the good sources of carbohydrates but also the bioactive compounds and more functional values, such as water soluble polysaccharides (WSP), diosgenin, inulin and glycemic index. They increase the functional properties of the starch that are produced. The tubers that currently have not been cultivated are the genus Dioscorea. The various tubers that are included in dioscorea family are uwi, gembili, gadung, tomberoso and jebubuk. All of these tubers are good sources of carbohydrates. Uwi, gembili and gadung are tubers that have been cultivated by the people for many years. On the hand, tomberoso and jebubuk tubers grow wildly in the forest that only become the foods for the wild animals in it. The starch derived from the disccorea tubers can be used as self-rising starch because it has the property as food developer. It contains high carbohydrates and bio-active compound, therefore, it is healthier to consume.
{"title":"The Utilization of Dioscorea Tuber in Self-Rising Starch: a Review","authors":"M. Harni, T. Anggraini, R. Rini, I. Suliansyah","doi":"10.55043/jaast.v6i2.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55043/jaast.v6i2.53","url":null,"abstract":"Self-rising starch is a development product of self-rising flour. This product minimizes the process, especially in the salt and leavening agent weighing stage, so that it reduces the time in the serving process. Self-rising flour is generally made of wheat flour. Currently, due to some medical considerations, many people cannot consume this product. Based on some research results, gluten compound in wheat flour or wheat triggers for the development of type-1 diabetes. This fact has caused Indonesia to be ranked fifth in the world for the diabetic diseases. Thus, one of the ways to overcome this problem is by utilizing the raw materials originating from Indonesia too, namely tubers. Indonesia has a variety of tubers. Some of these tubers, however, have not been explored. These tubers have not only the function as the good sources of carbohydrates but also the bioactive compounds and more functional values, such as water soluble polysaccharides (WSP), diosgenin, inulin and glycemic index. They increase the functional properties of the starch that are produced. The tubers that currently have not been cultivated are the genus Dioscorea. The various tubers that are included in dioscorea family are uwi, gembili, gadung, tomberoso and jebubuk. All of these tubers are good sources of carbohydrates. Uwi, gembili and gadung are tubers that have been cultivated by the people for many years. On the hand, tomberoso and jebubuk tubers grow wildly in the forest that only become the foods for the wild animals in it. The starch derived from the disccorea tubers can be used as self-rising starch because it has the property as food developer. It contains high carbohydrates and bio-active compound, therefore, it is healthier to consume.","PeriodicalId":33922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75710563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Faramayuda, S. Riyanti, Ari Sri Widyaswari, Zaini Alfahmi, Sultan Salahudin Jamal, T. Mariani, E. Elfahmi, S. Sukrasno
The cat's whiskers plant ( Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq) that grows in Indonesia has white flowers, purple flowers, and white flowers with purple patterns. The quality of the secondary metabolite content of each cat's whiskers plant is different because it depends on environmental influences such as rainfall or soil mineral content. Plant tissue culture methods such as callus culture or cell culture are used to overcome these obstacles because these methods do not depend on the environment and can produce secondary metabolites such as those produced by the original plant. Cat's whiskers contain the main secondary metabolite compounds: rosmarinic acid, eupatorin, and sinensetin. Rosmarinic acid belongs to the phenolic group, while sinensetin and eupatorin are flavonoids. This study aimed to determine the total levels of polyphenols and flavonoids in purple cat whiskers and determine the ratio of secondary metabolites of cat whiskers callus with wild-type plants—determination of polyphenol content using Folin Ciocalteau reagent. Determining flavonoid levels is based on colorimetry using AlCl 3 reagent, specific for flavone and flavonol compounds. The levels of polyphenols contained in the ethanolic extract of callus and cat whiskers of the purple variety were 16.056 ± 0.204 mgQE/g and 30.780 ± 0.425 mgQE/g, while the polyphenol content of the callus ethyl acetate extract and the purple variety of cat whiskers leaves was 15,489 ± 0.425 mgQE/g and 13,262 ± 0.044 mgQE/g. The levels of flavonoids contained in the ethanol extract of the cat whiskers leaf were 1.39±0.03 mgQE/g and callus 0.16±0.02 mgQE/g in the ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of the cat whiskers 2.16±0.012 mgQE/g and callus 2.24±0.010 mgQE/g. The polyphenols and flavonoids in the callus ethyl acetate extract were more significant than the ethyl acetate extract of the purple variety ( wild type ) cat whiskers leaf.
{"title":"Comparison of Polyphenol Levels of Callus and Wild Type of Cat's Whiskers Plant ( Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.) Purple Varieties","authors":"F. Faramayuda, S. Riyanti, Ari Sri Widyaswari, Zaini Alfahmi, Sultan Salahudin Jamal, T. Mariani, E. Elfahmi, S. Sukrasno","doi":"10.55043/jaast.v6i2.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55043/jaast.v6i2.51","url":null,"abstract":"The cat's whiskers plant ( Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq) that grows in Indonesia has white flowers, purple flowers, and white flowers with purple patterns. The quality of the secondary metabolite content of each cat's whiskers plant is different because it depends on environmental influences such as rainfall or soil mineral content. Plant tissue culture methods such as callus culture or cell culture are used to overcome these obstacles because these methods do not depend on the environment and can produce secondary metabolites such as those produced by the original plant. Cat's whiskers contain the main secondary metabolite compounds: rosmarinic acid, eupatorin, and sinensetin. Rosmarinic acid belongs to the phenolic group, while sinensetin and eupatorin are flavonoids. This study aimed to determine the total levels of polyphenols and flavonoids in purple cat whiskers and determine the ratio of secondary metabolites of cat whiskers callus with wild-type plants—determination of polyphenol content using Folin Ciocalteau reagent. Determining flavonoid levels is based on colorimetry using AlCl 3 reagent, specific for flavone and flavonol compounds. The levels of polyphenols contained in the ethanolic extract of callus and cat whiskers of the purple variety were 16.056 ± 0.204 mgQE/g and 30.780 ± 0.425 mgQE/g, while the polyphenol content of the callus ethyl acetate extract and the purple variety of cat whiskers leaves was 15,489 ± 0.425 mgQE/g and 13,262 ± 0.044 mgQE/g. The levels of flavonoids contained in the ethanol extract of the cat whiskers leaf were 1.39±0.03 mgQE/g and callus 0.16±0.02 mgQE/g in the ethyl acetate extract of the leaves of the cat whiskers 2.16±0.012 mgQE/g and callus 2.24±0.010 mgQE/g. The polyphenols and flavonoids in the callus ethyl acetate extract were more significant than the ethyl acetate extract of the purple variety ( wild type ) cat whiskers leaf.","PeriodicalId":33922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75778571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Novita, S. Santosa, N. Nofialdi, A. Andasuryani, A. Fudholi, P. Putera
Indonesia's biomass energy potential is estimated at around 49,810 MW and is very adequate for the development go renewable energy. An example of a biomass conversion technique is pyrolysis which converts biomass into bio-oil. The optimum temperature for the pyrolysis process is 300-600 0C. Parameters that affect the pyrolysis process such as pretreatment of the material, moisture content and particle size of the material, the composition of biomass compounds, the effect of temperature, heating rate, gas flow rate, type of pyrolysis, and pyrolysis reactor. This is a thermochemical technique in which biomass waste is converted into solid fuel (char), producer gas (syngas), and liquid (bio-oil) without oxygen in a reactor. This article contains a comprehensive review of biomass conversion techniques to bio-oil using the solar energy-based fast pyrolysis method. Furthermore, the exposure used was based on the publication source, year, origin country, research methodology, and focus area. Most research has been empirical and mainly focused on fast pyrolysis and its influencing factors. There are several studies, information, and research recommendations described in this article.
{"title":"Fast Pyrolysis of Biomass with a Concentrated Solar Power: a Review","authors":"S. Novita, S. Santosa, N. Nofialdi, A. Andasuryani, A. Fudholi, P. Putera","doi":"10.55043/jaast.v6i2.62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55043/jaast.v6i2.62","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia's biomass energy potential is estimated at around 49,810 MW and is very adequate for the development go renewable energy. An example of a biomass conversion technique is pyrolysis which converts biomass into bio-oil. The optimum temperature for the pyrolysis process is 300-600 0C. Parameters that affect the pyrolysis process such as pretreatment of the material, moisture content and particle size of the material, the composition of biomass compounds, the effect of temperature, heating rate, gas flow rate, type of pyrolysis, and pyrolysis reactor. This is a thermochemical technique in which biomass waste is converted into solid fuel (char), producer gas (syngas), and liquid (bio-oil) without oxygen in a reactor. This article contains a comprehensive review of biomass conversion techniques to bio-oil using the solar energy-based fast pyrolysis method. Furthermore, the exposure used was based on the publication source, year, origin country, research methodology, and focus area. Most research has been empirical and mainly focused on fast pyrolysis and its influencing factors. There are several studies, information, and research recommendations described in this article.","PeriodicalId":33922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"8 24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89328532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Different levels of NPK fertilizer were used to improve the growth, yield, and fiber morphology of two kenaf varieties. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in the summer season of 2021 at the Grdarasha Field, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil. The results revealed that adding NPK at the rate of 100 kg/ha caused improved growth and yield characteristics includes; plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, and total fresh stem yield by almost (3.35 m, 25.88 mm, 250.10, and 246.93 t/ha), respectively. While, the best values of fresh and dry matter of core and bast fibers were recorded when NPK was applied at the proportion of 150 kg/ha which were (98.40, 57.80, 39.73, and 15.13 t/ha), respectively. Morphological properties of the kenaf bast fiber were also improved by adding NPK fertilizer. Both levels of NPK 100 and 150 kg/ha were noted to be the best for enhancing kenaf bast fiber compared to the control treatment. Finally, based on the results could recommend the farmers to use NPK fertilizer as a factor to increase fiber yield and improve its quality.
{"title":"Growth, Yield, and Fiber Morphology of Kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus L.) Varieties Influenced by Different Levels of Npk Fertilizers","authors":"R. Salih","doi":"10.55043/jaast.v6i2.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55043/jaast.v6i2.67","url":null,"abstract":"Different levels of NPK fertilizer were used to improve the growth, yield, and fiber morphology of two kenaf varieties. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted in the summer season of 2021 at the Grdarasha Field, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, Salahaddin University-Erbil. The results revealed that adding NPK at the rate of 100 kg/ha caused improved growth and yield characteristics includes; plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, and total fresh stem yield by almost (3.35 m, 25.88 mm, 250.10, and 246.93 t/ha), respectively. While, the best values of fresh and dry matter of core and bast fibers were recorded when NPK was applied at the proportion of 150 kg/ha which were (98.40, 57.80, 39.73, and 15.13 t/ha), respectively. Morphological properties of the kenaf bast fiber were also improved by adding NPK fertilizer. Both levels of NPK 100 and 150 kg/ha were noted to be the best for enhancing kenaf bast fiber compared to the control treatment. Finally, based on the results could recommend the farmers to use NPK fertilizer as a factor to increase fiber yield and improve its quality.","PeriodicalId":33922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78706234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Albert Tulak, Inrianti Inrianti, M. Maulidiyah, M. Nurdin
Husoak Village, Hubikiak District Jayawijaya is one of the regions in Papua province where plants including chili. The cultivation system are extensively and using traditional method depending on soil nutrients. The aim of the research is to see how utilizing a mix of organic fertilizer and mulch affects the growth and development of chili plants. This research was conducted based on a randomized block design consisting of 4 treatments. namely P1 = compost; P2 = compost + liquid organic fertilizer + plastic mulch; P3 = compost +TiO2+liquid organic fertilizer + plastic mulch; P4= Control (No Treatment). When compared to the control. the results showed that using a mix of organic fertilizer (compost and liquid organic) and mulch had an effect that was not significant. This demonstrates that cayenne pepper plants may still get the nutrients they require from nutrients available in the soil. Fertile land is still classified as cultivated land.
{"title":"The Impact of Using a Mixture of Organic Fertilizers (Compost And Liquid Organic) and Plastic Mulch, on the Development of Cayenne Pepper Plants","authors":"Albert Tulak, Inrianti Inrianti, M. Maulidiyah, M. Nurdin","doi":"10.55043/jaast.v6i2.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55043/jaast.v6i2.60","url":null,"abstract":"Husoak Village, Hubikiak District Jayawijaya is one of the regions in Papua province where plants including chili. The cultivation system are extensively and using traditional method depending on soil nutrients. The aim of the research is to see how utilizing a mix of organic fertilizer and mulch affects the growth and development of chili plants. This research was conducted based on a randomized block design consisting of 4 treatments. namely P1 = compost; P2 = compost + liquid organic fertilizer + plastic mulch; P3 = compost +TiO2+liquid organic fertilizer + plastic mulch; P4= Control (No Treatment). When compared to the control. the results showed that using a mix of organic fertilizer (compost and liquid organic) and mulch had an effect that was not significant. This demonstrates that cayenne pepper plants may still get the nutrients they require from nutrients available in the soil. Fertile land is still classified as cultivated land.","PeriodicalId":33922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82026837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Armansyah, Eti Farda Husin, I. Dwipa, Faly Sandika, Reski Marbeni Putra
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are a group of fungi that can be symbiotic with many types of plants. Soil factors and plant species, affect the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Likewise, differences in location and rhizosphere cause differences in the diversity of species and populations of AMF. In addition, not all AMF have the same morphological and physiological characteristics, therefore it is very important to know their identity. Coffee is a plant that has economic value and the potential for symbiosis with AMF. This study aimed to identify AMF in the rhizosphere of four varieties of Solok Radjo coffee plants in the Aia Cold area of the Gumanti Valley, Solok, West Sumatra. Meanwhile, the stages of this research include: collecting and collecting data in the field, determining the location of the soil sample, analyzing soil properties in the laboratory, isolating AMF spores, and identifying AMF spores morphologically. The results showed that the diversity of AMF spores was found in 3 genera, namely Glomus sp., Acaulospora sp., and Gigaspora sp. The Kartika coffee variety has a higher AMF spore population than Sigararutang, Andongsari and Gayo.
{"title":"Identification of the Diversity of Indigenous Arbuscular Mycorriza Fungi in the Rhizosphere of Coffee (Coffea Sp) Arabica Solok Radjo West Sumatera","authors":"A. Armansyah, Eti Farda Husin, I. Dwipa, Faly Sandika, Reski Marbeni Putra","doi":"10.55043/jaast.v6i2.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55043/jaast.v6i2.39","url":null,"abstract":"Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are a group of fungi that can be symbiotic with many types of plants. Soil factors and plant species, affect the diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Likewise, differences in location and rhizosphere cause differences in the diversity of species and populations of AMF. In addition, not all AMF have the same morphological and physiological characteristics, therefore it is very important to know their identity. Coffee is a plant that has economic value and the potential for symbiosis with AMF. This study aimed to identify AMF in the rhizosphere of four varieties of Solok Radjo coffee plants in the Aia Cold area of the Gumanti Valley, Solok, West Sumatra. Meanwhile, the stages of this research include: collecting and collecting data in the field, determining the location of the soil sample, analyzing soil properties in the laboratory, isolating AMF spores, and identifying AMF spores morphologically. The results showed that the diversity of AMF spores was found in 3 genera, namely Glomus sp., Acaulospora sp., and Gigaspora sp. The Kartika coffee variety has a higher AMF spore population than Sigararutang, Andongsari and Gayo.","PeriodicalId":33922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84216360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah Hikmah Marieska, Sri Wiyatiningsih, H. Nirwanto
Utilization of the antagonist fungus Trichoderma sp. in suppressing damping-off disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani can be done in various ways. One of them is through coating the seeds or encapsulation. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of lettuce seeds encapsulation containing Trichoderma sp. in suppressing damping-off disease through storage time of up to 12 weeks. The results showed that the use of talc and kaolin as a material carrier in encapsulation with 1 week of storage had the highest germination rate of 96%, while the lowest germination was at 12 weeks of storage, which was only 0-5%. The use of talc carrier showed a low percentage of infected seedlings, starting from storage time of 0 to 8 weeks. At 8 weeks of storage, the provision of carrier material in the form of talc showed the lowest percentage of infected seedlings, which was 40% on the last day of observation and had the highest value of effectiveness in controlling Rhizoctonia solani damping-off disease, which was 60%. Thus, seed encapsulation using a talc carrier was the most effective in suppressing damping-off disease up to 8 weeks of storage
{"title":"Effectiveness of Lettuce Seed Encapsulation Containing Trichoderma Sp. in Control of Damping-off Disease","authors":"Sarah Hikmah Marieska, Sri Wiyatiningsih, H. Nirwanto","doi":"10.55043/jaast.v6i2.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55043/jaast.v6i2.66","url":null,"abstract":"Utilization of the antagonist fungus Trichoderma sp. in suppressing damping-off disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani can be done in various ways. One of them is through coating the seeds or encapsulation. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of lettuce seeds encapsulation containing Trichoderma sp. in suppressing damping-off disease through storage time of up to 12 weeks. The results showed that the use of talc and kaolin as a material carrier in encapsulation with 1 week of storage had the highest germination rate of 96%, while the lowest germination was at 12 weeks of storage, which was only 0-5%. The use of talc carrier showed a low percentage of infected seedlings, starting from storage time of 0 to 8 weeks. At 8 weeks of storage, the provision of carrier material in the form of talc showed the lowest percentage of infected seedlings, which was 40% on the last day of observation and had the highest value of effectiveness in controlling Rhizoctonia solani damping-off disease, which was 60%. Thus, seed encapsulation using a talc carrier was the most effective in suppressing damping-off disease up to 8 weeks of storage","PeriodicalId":33922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72463430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Firdaus, R. Desmiarti, E. Praputri, Amelia Amir
The pulp of the cocoa fruit still has not economically viable yet. Its potency to be processed into fruit syrup is expected to increase its value added. Local sugar from palm and canes is still traditionally utilized to produce brown sugar. This study aimed to make fruit syrup by utilizing cocoa pulp and local sugar sources in West Sumatra with several variants (palm sugar, sugarcane, and market white sugar). The effects of sugar concentration on the quality of the syrup were also studied. Sensory evaluation by the hedonic method was performed and statistical analysis data were carried out using SPSS. Microbiological analysis and shelf-life testing also have been done. The results of this study showed that respondents preferred syrup with palm sugar to sugarcane because of its light brown color and distinctive sweetness. The microbiological test reported that the syrup could only be consumed for less than the 5th day in a sealed glass bottle if it was placed at room temperature. Meanwhile, the syrup placed in the refrigerator (5 0C) could keep until the 5th day
{"title":"Production of Cocoa Pulp Syrup by Utilizing Local Sugar Sources","authors":"F. Firdaus, R. Desmiarti, E. Praputri, Amelia Amir","doi":"10.55043/jaast.v6i2.70","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55043/jaast.v6i2.70","url":null,"abstract":"The pulp of the cocoa fruit still has not economically viable yet. Its potency to be processed into fruit syrup is expected to increase its value added. Local sugar from palm and canes is still traditionally utilized to produce brown sugar. This study aimed to make fruit syrup by utilizing cocoa pulp and local sugar sources in West Sumatra with several variants (palm sugar, sugarcane, and market white sugar). The effects of sugar concentration on the quality of the syrup were also studied. Sensory evaluation by the hedonic method was performed and statistical analysis data were carried out using SPSS. Microbiological analysis and shelf-life testing also have been done. The results of this study showed that respondents preferred syrup with palm sugar to sugarcane because of its light brown color and distinctive sweetness. The microbiological test reported that the syrup could only be consumed for less than the 5th day in a sealed glass bottle if it was placed at room temperature. Meanwhile, the syrup placed in the refrigerator (5 0C) could keep until the 5th day","PeriodicalId":33922,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81819198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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