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2022 8th International Conference on Systems and Informatics (ICSAI)最新文献

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Byzantine Consensus Based on Modified Treap Topology 基于改进Treap拓扑的拜占庭共识
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICSAI57119.2022.10005475
Yan Gao, Qiang Wang, Liang Cai
In the traditional Byzantine consensus schemes, the efficiency and throughput of the whole topology will be limited by transmission delay in nodes, which depends on the complexity of message and bandwidth constraints. This paper proposes a Byzantine consensus scheme based on weight modified Treap topology that reduces the complexity and delays of message aggregation by quickly constructing and maintaining Treap node tree. We have the master node organize other active nodes into a balanced tree rooted at itself to allocate communication and computing costs. We propose a failure detection mechanism for Treap that makes the master node record the weights of the nodes for each of its direct child nodes. The master node establishes a delay function to set the weight of each node based on the delay between receiving PREPARE message and completing its own calculation to sending its share. With a node's weight over threshold, it is assumed that the node has failed and been marked. The failure detection mechanism of the marked nodes starts to maintain availability by replacing the replication of the marked nodes. It also prevents the parent node from doing evil by authorizing nodes to mark only its direct child node. We only update the Treap topology on a regular basis or in case of failure to reduce the update overhead.
在传统的拜占庭共识方案中,整个拓扑的效率和吞吐量将受到节点传输延迟的限制,这取决于消息的复杂性和带宽约束。本文提出了一种基于权重修正Treap拓扑的拜占庭共识方案,通过快速构建和维护Treap节点树,降低了消息聚合的复杂性和延迟。我们让主节点将其他活动节点组织到一个以自己为根的平衡树中,以分配通信和计算成本。我们为Treap提出了一种故障检测机制,使主节点记录其每个直接子节点的节点权重。主节点建立延迟函数,根据接收到PREPARE消息到完成自己的计算到发送自己的份额之间的延迟来设置各节点的权重。如果节点的权重超过阈值,则假定该节点失败并进行标记。标记节点的故障检测机制开始通过替换标记节点的复制来维护可用性。它还可以防止父节点通过授权节点只标记其直接子节点来做坏事。我们只定期更新Treap拓扑,或者在无法减少更新开销的情况下更新。
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引用次数: 0
Short text classification method with dual channel hypergraph convolution networks 基于双通道超图卷积网络的短文本分类方法
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICSAI57119.2022.10005421
Liu Jin, Zhaochun Sun, Huifang Ma
In some fields such as e-commerce and social media platforms and sentiment analysis, efficient short text classification is crucial to enable users to locate pertinent information effectively. Along with the increasing number of short texts, classifying short texts with brief contents and sparse features has become a major research topic in recent years. Towards this end, a short text classification method based on a dual channel hypergraph convolutional network is proposed to flexibly capture the complex higher-order relationships among short texts and words. Specifically, our method firstly models the pre-processed short text data into short text hypergraph and short text association graph; secondly, two different short text feature representations are learned via a dual channel hypergraph convolutional network and fused by an attention network to enhance the short text embedding; at last, a classification model is adopted to perform short text classification. Extensive experimental results indicate that the method has superior short text classification effect and stability compared with the existing model, which has better performance among comparable short text classification models.
在电子商务、社交媒体平台、情感分析等领域,高效的短文本分类对于用户有效定位相关信息至关重要。随着短文本数量的不断增加,对内容简短、特征稀疏的短文本进行分类已成为近年来的一个重要研究课题。为此,提出了一种基于双通道超图卷积网络的短文本分类方法,灵活地捕捉短文本与单词之间复杂的高阶关系。该方法首先将预处理后的短文本数据建模为短文本超图和短文本关联图;其次,通过双通道超图卷积网络学习两种不同的短文本特征表示,并通过注意网络进行融合,增强短文本嵌入;最后,采用分类模型对短文本进行分类。大量的实验结果表明,与现有模型相比,该方法具有更好的短文本分类效果和稳定性,在同类短文本分类模型中具有更好的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Students’ Classroom Behavior Detection Based on Human-Object Interaction Model 基于人-物交互模型的学生课堂行为检测
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICSAI57119.2022.10005457
Yonghe Zhang, Wenjiao Qu, Guocheng Zhong, Yundan Xiao
Existing classroom behavior detection methods for students are mainly based on the network model to extract key common features to directly determine behavior types, which cannot provide a higher fine-grained understanding of interaction relationships in the classroom. This paper proposes a classroom behavior detection method for students based on the Human-Object Interaction (HOI) model, which further utilizes human-object relationship features to infer interaction relationships based on object detection. In the study, the cell phone is selected as the detected object to interact with the students, and the HOI model is trained and tested for two types of behaviors—Use and No interaction. The results show that the average accuracy of the trained HOI model reaches about 83.4% in the test, which promotes a higher fine-grained perception and understanding of classroom behavior detection and provides a new perspective for building smart classrooms and exploring personalized teaching and learning paths.
现有的学生课堂行为检测方法主要是基于网络模型提取关键的共同特征来直接判断行为类型,无法对课堂中的交互关系提供更高细粒度的理解。本文提出了一种基于人-物交互(HOI)模型的学生课堂行为检测方法,该方法在对象检测的基础上,进一步利用人-物关系特征来推断交互关系。在本研究中,选择手机作为检测对象与学生进行互动,并对HOI模型进行训练和测试两种类型的行为-使用和不互动。结果表明,训练后的HOI模型在测试中的平均准确率达到83.4%左右,促进了对课堂行为检测更高细粒度的感知和理解,为构建智能课堂和探索个性化教与学路径提供了新的视角。
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引用次数: 0
End-to-End Efficient Indoor Navigation with Optical Flow 基于光流的端到端高效室内导航
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICSAI57119.2022.10005455
Boran Wang, Minghao Gao
There has been a recent interest in employing reinforcement learning for training end-to-end goal-driven robot navigation policies. However, implementing reinforcement learning in end-to-end navigation may result in inefficient policies that exhibit redundant turning actions when attempting to avoid obstacles. This work proposes a two branches network to learn efficient policies with less turning action when robots cross the obstacles. We first employ supervised learning to train a robot action classification network with optical flow. We then combine this classifier with an RGBD optical encoder to develop an action-decision network. Ultimately, we evaluate our approach in a visually realistic simulation environment. The results show that our method can reduce unnecessary steering actions and improve efficiency while ensuring navigation capabilities. We further show that our approach can reduce energy consumption during navigation and extend the robot's work time. Experiment results in the iGibson® simulator over hand-made paths reveal that our method can reduce 13.1% of the action number in the training set and 12.9% in the testing set compared with the baseline approaches. It also can reduce 8.3% energy consumption in the training set and 9.6% in the testing set and only has a 4.2% and 8.1% difference compared with the human path.
最近,人们对使用强化学习来训练端到端目标驱动的机器人导航策略很感兴趣。然而,在端到端导航中实施强化学习可能会导致低效的策略,在试图避开障碍物时表现出冗余的转向动作。本文提出了一种双分支网络,在机器人穿越障碍物时,以较少的转弯动作来学习有效的策略。我们首先利用监督学习训练了一个带有光流的机器人动作分类网络。然后,我们将该分类器与RGBD光学编码器结合起来开发一个动作决策网络。最后,我们在视觉逼真的模拟环境中评估我们的方法。结果表明,该方法在保证导航能力的同时,减少了不必要的转向动作,提高了效率。我们进一步证明,我们的方法可以减少导航过程中的能量消耗,延长机器人的工作时间。在iGibson®模拟器上手工路径的实验结果表明,与基线方法相比,我们的方法可以减少训练集中13.1%的动作数,减少测试集中12.9%的动作数。在训练集和测试集上分别可以减少8.3%和9.6%的能量消耗,与人类路径相比仅相差4.2%和8.1%。
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引用次数: 0
An Efficient Approach for Trajectory Simplification Based on Essential Inflection Point Extraction 一种基于本质拐点提取的有效轨迹简化方法
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICSAI57119.2022.10005476
Yi Zhang, Liang Zhou
The prevalence of GPS positioning software has led to the generation of massive trajectory data, so it is necessary to take measures to compress the data. This paper proposes an efficient trajectory simplification algorithm based on Essential Inflection Point Extraction (EIPE). EIPE algorithm adopts synchronous Euclidean distance and direction angle deviation to preserve the temporal-spatial information while compressing the trajectories. However, considering the direction angle deviation will improve the compression rate for trajectories with high randomness in direction. To address this issue, we set a range threshold for the EIPE algorithm to extract essential inflection points from trajectories. The evaluation results on two real-life datasets indicate that our algorithm can improve compression efficiency and achieve satisfactory performance on both average direction angle deviation error and running time.
GPS定位软件的普及导致了大量轨迹数据的产生,因此有必要采取措施对数据进行压缩。提出了一种基于基本拐点提取(EIPE)的高效轨迹简化算法。EIPE算法采用同步的欧氏距离和方向角偏差,在压缩轨迹的同时保留了时空信息。而对于方向随机性较大的轨迹,考虑方向角偏差可以提高压缩率。为了解决这个问题,我们为EIPE算法设置了一个范围阈值,以从轨迹中提取必要的拐点。在两个实际数据集上的评价结果表明,我们的算法可以提高压缩效率,在平均方向角偏差误差和运行时间上都取得了满意的性能。
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引用次数: 0
An Image Encryption Scheme with the Associated Thumbnail 带有关联缩略图的图像加密方案
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICSAI57119.2022.10005351
Shanwu Shao, Ji Li, Ping Shao, Xiangyuan Zhu
Image encryption can protect cloud image privacy. However, the usability of encrypted images has not received much attention. To this end, an image encryption scheme with an associated thumbnail is proposed, it generates both the encrypted image and the associated thumbnail, which can be stored in the cloud. The associated thumbnail is only partially encrypted, which has a small capacity, and maintains certain usability with less download and decryption time. Therefore, the users can download and decrypt the associated thumbnail instead of the encrypted image to meet general usage requirements, and most of the time there is no need to download the encrypted image from the cloud. Experiments show that this scheme balances image privacy protection and usability, and can bring convenience to the browsing and management of encrypted images in the cloud.
镜像加密可以保护云镜像的隐私。然而,加密图像的可用性并没有受到太多的关注。为此,提出了一种带有关联缩略图的图像加密方案,该方案生成加密后的图像和关联缩略图,并将其存储在云中。关联的缩略图仅部分加密,容量较小,并以较少的下载和解密时间保持一定的可用性。因此,用户可以下载并解密相关的缩略图,而不是加密的图像,以满足一般的使用需求,并且大多数情况下不需要从云端下载加密图像。实验表明,该方案在图像隐私保护和可用性之间取得了平衡,能够为云上加密图像的浏览和管理带来便利。
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引用次数: 0
Two-dimension Super-resolution Range Doppler Imaging in Automotive Radar 二维超分辨距离多普勒成像在汽车雷达中的应用
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICSAI57119.2022.10005501
Jieru Ding, Min Wang, Xinghui Wu, Zhiyi Wang
Automotive radar plays a significant role in un-manned auto-drive system, and most vehicle-mounted radars improve the angular resolution by the MIMO radar. Two-dimension (2D) fast Fourier transform (FFT) is usually used to extract the range frequency and Doppler frequency. When there is few sampling points in the observed signal, imaging results of range-Doppler rapidly deteriorates. In this paper, we exploit the sparsity of scattering points in space and the robustness of l1 norm, to finish the super-resolution imaging of range-Doppler (RD) map. l1 is employed to update the sparse result by introducing the Lagrange multiplier. Finally, the algorithm has been validated by the simulated data, and it has demonstrated the algorithm’s effectiveness.
汽车雷达在无人驾驶自动驾驶系统中占有重要地位,大多数车载雷达都采用MIMO雷达来提高角度分辨率。通常采用二维快速傅里叶变换(FFT)提取距离频率和多普勒频率。当观测信号中采样点较少时,距离多普勒成像结果会迅速恶化。本文利用空间散射点的稀疏性和l1范数的鲁棒性,完成了距离-多普勒(RD)地图的超分辨率成像。l1通过引入拉格朗日乘子来更新稀疏结果。最后通过仿真数据对算法进行了验证,验证了算法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Semantic Assisted LiDAR Odometry with Loop Closure in Large Scale Urban Environment 大规模城市环境中具有闭环的语义辅助激光雷达里程测量
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICSAI57119.2022.10005509
Jiaye Lin, Yanjie Liu
Compared to the vision-based approach, LiDAR-based SLAM has shown a great advantage in depicting geometric characteristics but still suffers from accumulated localization errors during long-term operation in large-scale scenarios. Introducing semantic information to the current system helps to discover higher-level features and establish a stronger association of features in different frames. In this paper, we utilize semantic information to present an integral LiDAR odometry that combines adaptive downsampling feature with label-specified registration to boost the performance of odometry estimation, together with Scan Context as the loop closure module to constrain the amplification of cumulative errors. Experiments are conducted based on the well-known KITTI dataset, which reveals that the proposed framework achieves higher accuracy with an average RTE of 0.97% in real-time and shows great robustness toward various scenarios.
与基于视觉的SLAM方法相比,基于lidar的SLAM在描绘几何特征方面具有很大的优势,但在大规模场景下的长期运行中,仍然存在累积的定位误差。在当前系统中引入语义信息有助于发现更高层次的特征,并在不同框架中建立更强的特征关联。在本文中,我们利用语义信息提出了一种积分LiDAR里程计,该方法将自适应下采样特征与标签指定配准相结合,以提高里程计估计的性能,并将扫描上下文作为闭环模块来限制累积误差的放大。基于著名的KITTI数据集进行了实验,实验结果表明,该框架在实时情况下达到了0.97%的平均RTE,具有较高的精度,并且对各种场景具有很强的鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-channel Contrastive Learning for Sequential Recommendation 序列推荐的多通道对比学习
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICSAI57119.2022.10005401
Quanhong Tian
The purpose of Sequential Recommendation (SR) is to recommend the next commodities that a user wants to buy based on their historical interaction sequence. The current approach for SR focuses only on mining the user’s interest preferences, while they all fail to consider the influence of item prices on users’ purchase decisions and suffer from the data sparsity problem. In this paper, a Multi-channel Contrastive Learning method for SR (MCLSR) is proposed, which can effectively extract users’ interest preferences and price preferences and alleviate the sparsity issues. Specifically, first, a heterogeneous knowledge graph is constructed from all interaction sequence and the item attribute (i.e., item price and category) by us. Then, we leverage a heterogeneous graph neural network mechanism to learn user, item, and price node embeddings. Next, users’ price preferences and interest preferences are extracted by an attention network. Finally, a multi-channel contrastive learning mechanism is employed to build price and interest preferences’ relations and generate high-quality recommendation results. Experiments on both real datasets show that MCLSR obtains more sophisticated performance than the existing baseline.
顺序推荐(SR)的目的是根据用户的历史交互顺序推荐他们想要购买的下一个商品。目前的SR方法只关注挖掘用户的兴趣偏好,而它们都没有考虑商品价格对用户购买决策的影响,并且存在数据稀疏性问题。本文提出了一种多通道对比学习方法(MCLSR),该方法可以有效地提取用户的兴趣偏好和价格偏好,缓解稀疏性问题。具体而言,首先,我们从所有交互序列和商品属性(即商品价格和品类)构建了一个异构知识图。然后,我们利用异构图神经网络机制来学习用户、项目和价格节点嵌入。其次,利用注意力网络提取用户的价格偏好和兴趣偏好。最后,采用多渠道对比学习机制构建价格和兴趣偏好关系,生成高质量的推荐结果。在两个真实数据集上的实验表明,MCLSR比现有基线获得了更高的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Application Research of the XGBoost-SVM Combination Model in Quantitative Investment Strategy XGBoost-SVM组合模型在定量投资策略中的应用研究
Pub Date : 2022-12-10 DOI: 10.1109/ICSAI57119.2022.10005355
Hongxing Zhu, Anmin Zhu
Financia1 data are non-stationary and nonlinear. Machine learning makes it easier to classify financial data than traditional models. With the development of machine learning, improving the accuracy of machine learning models for stock price prediction has gradually become a hot research topic. This paper uses the XGBoost (eXtreme gradient boosting) model and the SVM (support vector machine) model to predict the rising, falling and fluctuating of CSI 300, SSE 50 and CSI 500 stock index futures respectively. Then it constructs the XGBoost-SVM combination model and designs a quantitative investment strategy to trade stock index futures in order to research the effectiveness of the models in quantitative investment strategies. The research shows that the proposed method can stably outperform the benchmark returns by combining the investment strategies of the three-price-trend classifications. The constructed XGBoost-SVM model performs better than the original model. It gets higher returns.
财务数据是非平稳和非线性的。机器学习比传统模型更容易对金融数据进行分类。随着机器学习的发展,提高机器学习模型对股票价格预测的准确性逐渐成为一个研究热点。本文采用XGBoost (eXtreme gradient boosting)模型和SVM (support vector machine)模型分别预测沪深300、上证50和沪深500股指期货的涨跌波动。然后构建了XGBoost-SVM组合模型,并设计了一种量化投资策略来交易股指期货,以研究模型在量化投资策略中的有效性。研究表明,该方法结合三种价格趋势分类的投资策略,可以稳定地优于基准收益。构建的XGBoost-SVM模型性能优于原始模型。它会得到更高的回报。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2022 8th International Conference on Systems and Informatics (ICSAI)
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