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A model of citizens’ digital participation in the Smart Environment 智慧环境中公民数字化参与的模式
Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2022-23-3-4
E. Lebezova, L. Ovcharenko
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引用次数: 0
Shadow economy: To legalise or to tolerate? 影子经济:合法化还是容忍?
Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2022-23-3-1
D. Sitkevich
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引用次数: 0
The study of employees’ innovative behaviour at industrial enterprises 工业企业员工创新行为研究
Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2022-23-3-6
T. Vinogradova, M. Kuvshinov
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引用次数: 0
Basic industries of Russia’s industrial regions: The image of the future 俄罗斯工业区的基础产业:未来的形象
Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2022-23-2-1
O. Romanova, D. V. Sirotin
Industrialisation remains the major factor of development in the era of radical changes. Its drivers – advanced digital production technologies – are transforming the entire industrial and spatial landscape. Industrial regions take a special role in these transformations. The research aims to identify trends in the development of basic industries in industrial regions and work out a method to form their new technological image. Methodologically, the study relies on the institutional theory, theories of sustainable and longterm technical and economic development; applies methods of comparative, statistical, structural analysis and neural network modelling. Considering the case of the Ural metal industries, the study reveals the main trends of development and possibilities of forming the image of future of the basic industries of Russia’s industrial regions, as well as specifies the factors that modify these trends under the New Normal. Due to institutional and technological transformations, the Russian metal industries have achieved impregnable positions in the world market. The paper substantiates the changes in the development of the basic industries linked with the formation of Industry 5.0 as the new management paradigm, which assigns priority to the ESG factors. The research demonstrates that an indispensable condition for the successful functioning of companies is the ability to cooperate and agree on decisions. The findings confirm that modernised metal and other basic industries through integrating green, digital and behavioural economy will not only maintain, but are likely to increase their importance in the economy of industrial regions.
工业化仍然是彻底变革时代发展的主要因素。其驱动因素——先进的数字生产技术——正在改变整个工业和空间格局。工业区在这些转变中发挥着特殊作用。本研究旨在识别工业区基础产业发展的趋势,并找出形成其新技术形象的方法。在方法论上,本研究依赖于制度理论、可持续和长期技术经济发展理论;应用比较、统计、结构分析和神经网络建模方法。本研究以乌拉尔金属工业为例,揭示了俄罗斯工业区基础工业的主要发展趋势和形成未来形象的可能性,并指明了在新常态下改变这些趋势的因素。由于体制和技术的变革,俄罗斯金属工业在世界市场上取得了坚不可摧的地位。本文证实了与Industry 5.0作为新的管理范式的形成相关的基础产业发展的变化,该范式优先考虑ESG因素。研究表明,公司成功运作的一个不可或缺的条件是合作和就决策达成一致的能力。研究结果证实,通过整合绿色、数字和行为经济,现代化的金属和其他基础产业不仅将保持,而且可能增加其在工业区经济中的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Trends in economic dynamics of Russia’s classic old industrial region: The case of the Sverdlovsk oblast 俄罗斯典型老工业区的经济动态趋势:以斯维尔德洛夫斯克州为例
Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2022-23-2-4
E. Animitsa, N. Novikova
The scientific paradigm of studying old industrial regions is of interdisciplinary nature, which is due to their complexity and uniqueness. The research aims to generalise about and systematise the scientific heritage concerning the factors behind and conditions of emergence, formation and transformation of old industrial regions, as well as peculiarities of their economic structure and dynamics. Methodologically, the research relies on the economic and social geography (principles underlying the typology of settlements), and regional science (regional economics and an economic genetic approach to regions). The study applies methods of formalisation, systematisation, time series analysis, bibliometric and content analysis and examines the data of Russia’s Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) and the Ministry of Economics and Territorial Development of the Sverdlovsk oblast. As a result, the paper substantiates the sustainability and resilience of the regional economy of Sverdlovsk oblast, a typical representative of Russia’s old industrial regions, in conditions of global external challenges; reveals the main factor behind the sustainability and resilience of the old industrial region; interprets the ‘genetic code’ of the Sverdlovsk oblast characterised by a historically emerged industrial specialisation; justifies the prospects for the new modernisation, which will strengthen and refine the revealed ‘genetic code’ to ensure the economic dynamism of the old industrial region under the new sanctions-induced challenges. The authors specifically point to an increasing significance of the Sverdlovsk oblast in conditions of the current crisis, since only this region in Russia retained the official status of the “supporting edge of the state”.
由于老工业区的复杂性和独特性,研究老工业区的科学范式具有跨学科的性质。本研究旨在总结和整理老工业区产生、形成、转化的因素和条件,以及老工业区经济结构和动态的特殊性等方面的科学遗产。在方法上,该研究依赖于经济和社会地理学(住区类型学的基本原则)和区域科学(区域经济学和区域经济遗传方法)。该研究采用了形式化、系统化、时间序列分析、文献计量学和内容分析的方法,并检查了俄罗斯联邦国家统计局(Rosstat)和斯维尔德洛夫斯克州经济和领土发展部的数据。结果表明,作为俄罗斯老工业区典型代表的斯维尔德洛夫斯克州在全球外部挑战条件下,区域经济的可持续性和韧性得到了实证证明;揭示了老工业区可持续性和韧性背后的主要因素;解释了斯维尔德洛夫斯克州的“遗传密码”,其特征是历史上出现的工业专业化;为新的现代化前景辩护,这将加强和完善揭示的“遗传密码”,以确保老工业区在新的制裁引发的挑战下的经济活力。作者特别指出,斯维尔德洛夫斯克州在当前危机的条件下越来越重要,因为俄罗斯只有这个地区保留了“国家支持边缘”的官方地位。
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引用次数: 1
The impact of the inflation-targeting regime on the economic development of an industrial region 通货膨胀目标制对工业地区经济发展的影响
Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2022-23-2-7
P.S. Kuklinova, V. Ilyashenko
The priority goal of Russia’s monetary policy is keeping inflation close to the target. Within the inflation-targeting regime, the monetary policy is adopted at the national level and therefore, is uniform for all regions of the country. However, differentiation of inflation rates between regions characteristic of Russia’s economy gains even greater importance under the enacted policy, because inflation targeting produces different effects on the sustainability of the economic development of regions with different industrial structures. The paper aims to study the impact of the inflation-targeting regime on the economic performance of the Sverdlovsk oblast, which belongs to old industrial regions. The methodological basis of the research consists of the theoretical propositions of economic theory and macroeconomics. The authors use correlation and factor analysis, methods of observation and comparison. According to the findings, implementing inflation targeting since 2015 has permitted to reduce inflation and keep it down in the Sverdlovsk oblast. However, it has also contributed to the deterioration of the key indicators reflecting its economic development. The study concludes that despite being effective in terms of reducing inflation, the said regime impedes sustainable economic development of the industrial region.
俄罗斯货币政策的首要目标是保持通胀接近目标水平。在通货膨胀目标制下,货币政策是在国家一级采取的,因此对全国所有地区都是统一的。然而,在制定的政策下,俄罗斯经济特征的地区之间通货膨胀率的差异变得更加重要,因为通货膨胀目标制对不同产业结构地区经济发展的可持续性产生不同的影响。本文旨在研究通货膨胀目标制对老工业区斯维尔德洛夫斯克州经济绩效的影响。研究的方法论基础是经济理论和宏观经济学的理论命题。作者采用了相关分析、因子分析、观察法和比较法。根据调查结果,自2015年以来实施通货膨胀目标制使斯维尔德洛夫斯克州的通货膨胀率降低并保持在较低水平。然而,它也导致反映其经济发展的关键指标恶化。研究得出结论,尽管在降低通货膨胀方面是有效的,但上述制度阻碍了工业区经济的可持续发展。
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引用次数: 0
Industrial municipalities in economic space of traditional industrial regions: A programme for research 传统工业区经济空间中的工业城市:研究方案
Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2022-23-2-2
E. Dvoryadkina, E. Dzhalilov, N. Istomina
Behind the quality of economic space of traditional industrial regions, there are various factors at play, including the performance of municipalities, among which the impact of industrial municipalities is particularly noticeable. Most of the programmes presented in the Russian academic discourse and used to assess municipalities focus on revealing trends in their socioeconomic development. At the same time, regional economics lacks methodological approaches to assessing them in a spatial context. The research aims to develop an original method for analysing and evaluating the development of industrial municipalities in economic space of traditional industrial regions. Methodologically, the study rests on spatial and municipal economics, and the concept of functional complexity. The suggested programme for research consists of five blocks. The first four blocks include the assessment of the industrial municipalities’ participation in ensuring the saturation of regional economic space, forming region’s industrial potential and its municipal economic space, and processes of strengthening functional complexity of regional economic space. The fifth block includes the calculation and interpretation of composite indicators as well as building a typology of industrial municipalities. The practical significance of the developed programme for research is that it meets the need for the assessment of industrial municipalities as a system-forming element in the economic space of traditional industrial region.
在传统工业区经济空间质量的背后,有多种因素在起作用,包括市政当局的绩效,其中工业市政当局的影响尤为显著。俄罗斯学术论述中提出并用于评估城市的大多数方案侧重于揭示其社会经济发展的趋势。与此同时,区域经济学缺乏在空间背景下评估它们的方法方法。本研究旨在为传统工业区经济空间中工业城市发展的分析与评价提供一种新颖的方法。在方法上,研究基于空间和城市经济学,以及功能复杂性的概念。建议的研究方案包括五个部分。前四个区块包括产业城市参与保障区域经济空间饱和、区域产业潜力及其城市经济空间形成、区域经济空间功能复杂性增强过程的评估。第五个区块包括综合指标的计算和解释,以及工业城市的类型学建设。制定的研究方案的现实意义在于,它满足了对工业城市作为传统工业区经济空间中的系统形成要素进行评价的需要。
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引用次数: 0
Economic development of Russia’s old industrial border regions 俄罗斯旧工业边界地区的经济发展
Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2022-23-2-3
V. Antonyuk, E. Kornienko
Among the old industrial constituting entities of the Russian Federation there are the territories with middle and border location. Both types perform important functions in the national economy, however, their average gross regional product per capita is less than the average of non-old industrial regions. The article aims to hold a theoretical and methodological study of the specifics and factors of development of Russia’s old industrial border regions in comparison with old industrial middle regions to identify the thrusts of modernisation of the industrial space for the former. The theories of economic development and border studies as well as the concept of old industrial regions form the methodological basis of the research. The authors apply systems approach, abstraction and generalisation, factor and comparative analysis. The paper presents a method for assessing the economic development of old industrial border regions. The employment of this method allowed (1) revealing that border regions outperform middle regions in such indicators as GRP, value of fixed assets, investments in the fixed capital per capita; (2) identifying the factors limiting GRP per capita; (3) rating old industrial regions and providing a system of suggestions for accelerating their development. The findings can be useful for federal and regional authorities for fueling the economic growth of old industrial border regions.
在俄罗斯联邦的老工业构成实体中,有中部和边境地区。这两种类型在国民经济中都发挥着重要作用,但其人均区域生产总值低于非老工业区的平均水平。本文旨在对俄罗斯老工业边境地区与老工业中部地区的发展特点和因素进行理论和方法研究,以确定前者工业空间现代化的推动力。经济发展理论和边界研究理论以及老工业区概念构成了研究的方法论基础。作者运用系统分析、抽象与概括、因素分析与比较分析。本文提出了一种评价老工业沿边地区经济发展的方法。采用该方法可以(1)揭示边疆地区在生产总值、固定资产价值、人均固定资本投资等指标上优于中部地区;(2)识别限制人均国内生产总值的因素;(三)对老工业区进行评级,提出加快老工业区发展的建议体系。研究结果可以为联邦和地方当局推动老工业边境地区的经济增长提供帮助。
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引用次数: 1
Prospects of introducing microgrids in Russian industry 俄罗斯工业引入微电网的前景
Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2022-23-2-5
A. Dzyuba, I. Solovyeva, Aleksandr V. Semikolenov
Improving energy efficiency keeps on being one of the most pressing problems for Russian industry. The paper aims to examine the prospects of using microgrids in Russian regions, including in the old industrial ones, to reduce energy costs of industrial enterprises. The methodological basis of the study comprises theoretical aspects of pricing within the models of retail and wholesale energy markets, tenets of uneven demand for energy under the use of microgrids. The authors apply analysis, synthesis, systematisation and statistical observation, create matrices and positioning maps and explore the parameters of energy consumption schedules at industrial enterprises of various types as well as the values of ‘common pot’ electricity transmission tariffs introduced in the subjects of the Russian Federation. The researchers develop own system of indicators for assessing the variability in the cost of electricity transmission services and present a map of Russian regions that illustrate the prospects of using microgrids and mechanisms of demand management in industrially developed regions with a view to cutting energy costs.
提高能源效率一直是俄罗斯工业面临的最紧迫问题之一。本文旨在考察在俄罗斯地区(包括旧工业地区)使用微电网的前景,以降低工业企业的能源成本。该研究的方法论基础包括零售和批发能源市场模型中的定价理论方面,以及微电网使用下能源需求不均衡的原则。作者应用分析、综合、系统化和统计观察,创建矩阵和定位图,探索各种类型工业企业的能源消耗时间表参数以及俄罗斯联邦主题中引入的“公共锅”输电电价值。研究人员开发了自己的指标体系,用于评估输电服务成本的可变性,并绘制了一张俄罗斯地区地图,说明了在工业发达地区使用微电网和需求管理机制的前景,以降低能源成本。
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引用次数: 1
Long-term trends in differentiation between regions: Sverdlovsk oblast vs Chelyabinsk oblast 区域间分化的长期趋势:斯维尔德洛夫斯克州与车里雅宾斯克州
Pub Date : 2022-07-08 DOI: 10.29141/2658-5081-2022-23-2-6
Daria S. Bents
Threats of increased differentiation across regions, which have caused inefficient spatial development, are progressively coming into the scientists’ focus. By and large, a peripheral region is unlikely to take the place of the center. In the Urals1 , the Sverdlovsk oblast has long been the center and stayed ahead of its neighbours in terms of socioeconomic performance. Our previous research revealed a phenomenon called ‘synchronisation of economies’. Accordingly, the Chelyabinsk oblast in many instances repeats the trends of the Sverdlovsk oblast, but remains at the periphery. In this regard, studying the differentiation between the two economies becomes a relevant issue. The research aims to construct long-term trends of differentiation between regions using the case of the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk oblasts. The theories of spatial development, including the theory of cumulative growth, constitute the methodological basis of the research. Applying the methods of statistical comparison and times series analysis, the study interprets the data published by Russia’s Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), the Unified Interdepartmental Statistical Information System (UISIS), and generated by FIRA PRO information analytics system (OOO “First Independent Rating Agency”). The author proposes a method for assessing differentiation across regions based on 12 indicators. The findings demonstrate that for 2001–2020, the variation between the regions in terms of GRP per capita (in 2001 prices) has increased, whereas in terms of wages in prices of the same year it decreased. In relation to the outsider region, the Sverdlovsk oblast has kept its position in terms of the real GRP per capita compared to the Chelyabinsk oblast, which is approaching the outsider. At the same time, for 2001–2020, both regions have become closer to the leader. With regard to the real wages, the positions of the regions have nearly equalized, the ‘superiority’ over the outsider has decreased.
区域间差异加剧的威胁导致了低效的空间开发,正逐渐成为科学家们关注的焦点。总的来说,外围区域不太可能取代中心。在乌拉尔1区,斯维尔德洛夫斯克州长期以来一直是中心,在社会经济表现方面领先于邻国。我们之前的研究揭示了一种叫做“经济同步”的现象。因此,车里雅宾斯克州在许多情况下重复了斯维尔德洛夫斯克州的趋势,但仍处于外围。在这方面,研究这两个经济体之间的差异成为一个相关的问题。该研究旨在以斯维尔德洛夫斯克州和车里雅宾斯克州为例,构建区域间分化的长期趋势。空间发展理论,包括累积增长理论,构成了研究的方法论基础。本研究采用统计比较和时间序列分析的方法,解释了俄罗斯联邦国家统计局(Rosstat)、统一跨部门统计信息系统(UISIS)发布的、FIRA PRO信息分析系统(OOO“第一独立评级机构”)生成的数据。作者提出了一种基于12个指标的区域差异评估方法。研究结果表明,2001-2002年,各地区的人均GRP(2001年价格)差异有所增加,而同年价格中的工资则有所下降。就局外人地区而言,斯维尔德洛夫斯克州与车里雅宾斯克州相比,保持了其实际人均GRP的地位,车里雅宾斯克州正在接近局外人。与此同时,在2001-2002年,这两个地区都变得更接近领导者。就实际工资而言,各地区的地位几乎相等,对外来者的“优势”减少了。
{"title":"Long-term trends in differentiation between regions: Sverdlovsk oblast vs Chelyabinsk oblast","authors":"Daria S. Bents","doi":"10.29141/2658-5081-2022-23-2-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29141/2658-5081-2022-23-2-6","url":null,"abstract":"Threats of increased differentiation across regions, which have caused inefficient spatial development, are progressively coming into the scientists’ focus. By and large, a peripheral region is unlikely to take the place of the center. In the Urals1 , the Sverdlovsk oblast has long been the center and stayed ahead of its neighbours in terms of socioeconomic performance. Our previous research revealed a phenomenon called ‘synchronisation of economies’. Accordingly, the Chelyabinsk oblast in many instances repeats the trends of the Sverdlovsk oblast, but remains at the periphery. In this regard, studying the differentiation between the two economies becomes a relevant issue. The research aims to construct long-term trends of differentiation between regions using the case of the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk oblasts. The theories of spatial development, including the theory of cumulative growth, constitute the methodological basis of the research. Applying the methods of statistical comparison and times series analysis, the study interprets the data published by Russia’s Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat), the Unified Interdepartmental Statistical Information System (UISIS), and generated by FIRA PRO information analytics system (OOO “First Independent Rating Agency”). The author proposes a method for assessing differentiation across regions based on 12 indicators. The findings demonstrate that for 2001–2020, the variation between the regions in terms of GRP per capita (in 2001 prices) has increased, whereas in terms of wages in prices of the same year it decreased. In relation to the outsider region, the Sverdlovsk oblast has kept its position in terms of the real GRP per capita compared to the Chelyabinsk oblast, which is approaching the outsider. At the same time, for 2001–2020, both regions have become closer to the leader. With regard to the real wages, the positions of the regions have nearly equalized, the ‘superiority’ over the outsider has decreased.","PeriodicalId":33954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of New Economy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48669030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of New Economy
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